Ordines Militares最新文献_第8页

The Military Orders. Vol. 6.1, Culture and Conflict in the Mediterranean World, and Vol. 6.2, Culture and Conflict in Western and Northern Europe 军事命令。第6.1卷《地中海世界的文化与冲突》和第6.2卷《西欧和北欧的文化和冲突》

Ordines Militares Pub Date : 2018-12-30 DOI: 10.12775/OM.2018.017

A. Maleszka

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Not only the Golden Gate? A newly discovered fragment from the decoration of the castle chapel portal in Althaus (Starogród) as a contribution to the identification of ceramic sculpture in the Teutonic Order's State in Prussia 不仅仅是金门？阿尔特豪斯城堡小教堂大门装饰的一块新发现的碎片（Starogród），这是对普鲁士条顿骑士团国家陶瓷雕塑鉴定的贡献

Ordines Militares Pub Date : 2018-12-30 DOI: 10.12775/OM.2018.012

Juliusz Raczkowski

{"title":"Not only the Golden Gate? A newly discovered fragment from the decoration of the castle chapel portal in Althaus (Starogród) as a contribution to the identification of ceramic sculpture in the Teutonic Order's State in Prussia","authors":"Juliusz Raczkowski","doi":"10.12775/OM.2018.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/OM.2018.012","url":null,"abstract":"The paper features new observations on ceramic architectural detail and ceramic sculptural elements, the most common types of finishing brick buildings in the Ordensland during the 13th and first half of the 14th centuries. It presents an unpublished fragment which came to light as a result of the archaeological excavations in Starogrod conducted in Kulmerland (Chelmno land) in the context of the project Castra Terrae Culmensis (2017), namely the fragment of a portal (?) sculpture of an unknown Saint. It is a minor discovery of small size, but compared to other preserved artwork of this type from around 1300 from the Teutonic Order’s castles of Marienburg (today Malbork), Elbing (Elbląg), Thorn (Torun), and Graudenz (Grudziądz), it is of great “causative power” in terms of revising our knowledge of types, manufacturing techniques, and above all, the actual layers of meaning with regard to figural decorations in the oldest Teutonic Order’s strongholds in Prussia. As a result, ceramic architectural sculpture can be considered a phenomenon of much wider range than has previously been accepted. The emphasis regarding its condition can be moved from the exceptional symbol of rank and power toward genius loci of architecture from the first phase of construction campaigns undertaken by the Teutonic Order in Prussia.","PeriodicalId":36536,"journal":{"name":"Ordines Militares","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42238705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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The military orders and the diocesan bishops: a pragmatic relationship 军事修会与教区主教:务实的关系

Ordines Militares Pub Date : 2018-12-30 DOI: 10.12775/OM.2018.004

K. Toomaspoeg

{"title":"The military orders and the diocesan bishops: a pragmatic relationship","authors":"K. Toomaspoeg","doi":"10.12775/OM.2018.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/OM.2018.004","url":null,"abstract":"The relations of the Military Orders with the bishops are a fundamental topic of their history. A lecture of the primary sources and of the existing secondary literature points out a very intricate system of relations between the orders and the diocesan powers. There are cases of a friendly alliance and of an enthusiastic support and collaboration, as well those of a pacific but “cold” coexistence, followed by a long series of conflicting relationships, issues and clashes, sometimes accompanied by physical violence, usurpations and sentences of excommunication. At the same time, the relations undergo an evolution and in every diocese the friendship could be transformed in conflict or vice versa. The paper intends to offer very short reflections on this topic, taking under observation some specific cases as those of the Kingdoms of Sicily and Portugal, but supported by examples coming from several eastern and western regions. The aim is to proceed with an attempt of classification of the relations between the orders and the clergy and to follow their general evolution, filling a gap in the general history of the Military Orders. The paper is articulated in three parts dedicated respectively to “friendly” relations with bishops, to conflicts and to mutual agreements.","PeriodicalId":36536,"journal":{"name":"Ordines Militares","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42354003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Die Bauchronologie und das Raumprogramm der Deutchordensburg Barten (Barciany) im Lichte Mittelalterlicher Schriftquellen 从中世纪的资料看德乌乔登斯堡-巴登（Barciany）的腹部ronology和空间程序

Ordines Militares Pub Date : 2018-12-30 DOI: 10.12775/om.2018.011

Sławomir Jóźwiak, Janusz Trupinda

{"title":"Die Bauchronologie und das Raumprogramm der Deutchordensburg Barten (Barciany) im Lichte Mittelalterlicher Schriftquellen","authors":"Sławomir Jóźwiak, Janusz Trupinda","doi":"10.12775/om.2018.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/om.2018.011","url":null,"abstract":"The chronology of construction and floor plan of the Teutonic Order’s castle in Barten (Barciany) in the light of medieval written sources The first wood-and-earth stronghold in Barten (Barciany) (its exact location is unknown) was constructed in 1325. In the late 1340s the stronghold was the seat of vogt, and in the early 1350s – a Teutonic Order’s procurator (pfleger) subject to the authority of the Brandenburg commanders. The construction of a brick castle in Barten was initiated in 1377. From the very beginning it was planned to be a regular four-sided stronghold with at least three wings of representative, residential and economic role. The intensive work on its construction was carried out during 1383 and 1384. The east wing – the main one – was finished by 1387, while the construction of the north wing was still in progress and lasted probably until 1395, undoubtedly as a result of the promotion of Barten to the rank of the commander’s convent (in 1394-1395). Despite this, the north wing never reached the planned height, and the construction of the other two was not even begun in the Middle Ages. Perhaps also in the mid-1390s the building of outer bailey was launched on the east side of the castle (nothing is known about its appearance). From1396 the Barten castle once again became the seat of a Teutonic Order’s procurators, who, depending on the administrative reforms carried out at that time in this part of the Teutonic Order’s State, were subordinate to either Rhein or Brandenburg commanders. The round tower, the only one that exists today, was probably erected only after 1410.","PeriodicalId":36536,"journal":{"name":"Ordines Militares","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49449825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Die Domkapitel und Bischöfe im Ordensland Preussen: Ideologie, Religiosität und Kirchenreform anhand der Bildlichen Quellen 道教章节和普鲁士主教:意识形态、宗教信仰和教会改革

Ordines Militares Pub Date : 2018-12-30 DOI: 10.12775/OM.2018.007

Monika Jakubek-Raczkowska

{"title":"Die Domkapitel und Bischöfe im Ordensland Preussen: Ideologie, Religiosität und Kirchenreform anhand der Bildlichen Quellen","authors":"Monika Jakubek-Raczkowska","doi":"10.12775/OM.2018.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/OM.2018.007","url":null,"abstract":"The Chapters and Bishops of the Teutonic State in Prussia: Ideology, Religiosity and the Church Reform on the Basis of Pictorial Sources The paper focuses on the Church elite in Prussia in the context of the formation and development of the common religious identity in the region through the material sources (work of art). In the historic studies there is still no comprehensive research on the spirituality of high clergy and their activity for the shaping and controlling of the lay-people religiosity (popular religion). In the discussion on the inner spiritual model of canons and bishops as well as on the church reform and promotion of the devotio moderna, not only the written archive basis, but also the iconographic (pictorial) sources have to be analyzed. The author shows on the several examples of artworks (both of official and private use) the possibilities of exploitation medieval images in the study on the individual religious needs and exclusive practice of canons (especially: the decoration of private books and the images in the closed oratories and cloister chambers) and on the propaganda threads, realized as external testimony of religious attitudes, medium of self-presentation and visualization of ecclesiastical ideology in the liturgical spaces of Prussian cathedrals (Marienwerder (Kwidzyn), Konigsberg (Kaliningrad), Kulmsee (Chelmza), Frauenburg (Frombork)) and bishop’s seats (Heilsberg (Lidzbark Warminski)).","PeriodicalId":36536,"journal":{"name":"Ordines Militares","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44056140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Ritter, Verwalter und Repräsentanten – Priester und Seelsorger: Burgen, Residenzen und Kirchen des Deutschen Ordens [Knights, Administrators, and Representatives – Priests and Pastors: Castles, Residences, and Churches of the Teutonic Order] 骑士、行政人员和代表——牧师和牧师：条顿骑士团的城堡、住宅和教堂

Ordines Militares Pub Date : 2018-12-30 DOI: 10.12775/om.2018.019

Krzysztof Kwiatkowski

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Amtsbücher des Deutschen Ordens um 1450. Pflegeamt zu Seehesten und Vogtei zu Leipe [Office books of the Teutonic Order around 1450. Pflegeamt in Seehesten and Vogtei in Leipe] 1450年左右德意志骑士团的官方书籍。1450年左右条顿骑士团的办公书籍。西赫斯顿的Pflegemt和莱佩的Vogtei]

Ordines Militares Pub Date : 2018-12-30 DOI: 10.12775/OM.2018.014

Sławomir Jóźwiak

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Secular clergymen in the castles of the Teutonic Order in Prussia 普鲁士条顿骑士团城堡中的世俗神职人员

Ordines Militares Pub Date : 2018-12-30 DOI: 10.12775/OM.2018.008

Marcin Sumowski

{"title":"Secular clergymen in the castles of the Teutonic Order in Prussia","authors":"Marcin Sumowski","doi":"10.12775/OM.2018.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12775/OM.2018.008","url":null,"abstract":"The article addresses the problem of the functioning of secular clergymen in the castles of the Teutonic Order in Prussia. Brother priests were to run the religious life of the convents, but there is sufficient evidence showing that non-Teutonic clergymen were also employed to do this job. This group belonged to the category of “servants” (gesinden). It included chaplains of Teutonic officials, chaplains serving in the choir, vicars in infirmaries, deacons, sub-deacons, ringers and alumni. They played auxiliary functions in relation to brother priests, the shortage of whom may be noticeable in the first half of the 15th century. Secular clergymen helped to say the canonical hours in the castle’s choirs; however, they acted also as chaplains and notaries of Teutonic commanders, Pflegers or Vogts. They received remuneration for their work for the convents – both in the form of money and maintenance in the castle. Nevertheless, not all secular clergymen lived in the castle. Some of them owned prebendaries in the vicinity of the castle and treated their service in the castle as extra work, which not only provided them with additional income, but also facilitated the career development – as it is indicated in the recommendations of Teutonic officials to take over prebendaries. The service in the castle was often the preliminary step to become a member of the Teutonic Order.","PeriodicalId":36536,"journal":{"name":"Ordines Militares","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49220215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Karl Borchardt, Damien Carraz, et Alain Venturini. Comptes de la commanderie de l’Hôpital de Manosque pour les années 1283 à 1290 [Accounts of the Commandery of the Hospital of Manosque for the years 1283 to 1290] 卡尔·博查特、达米恩·卡拉兹和阿兰·文图里尼。1283年至1290年马诺斯克医院司令部账目

Ordines Militares Pub Date : 2018-12-30 DOI: 10.12775/OM.2018.015

S. Gouguenheim

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Maciej Badowicz. Studium z dziejów wina w państwie zakonu krzyżackiego w Prusach XIV–XV wieku: produkcja, dystrybucja, konsumpcja [A Study of Wine in Teutonic Prussia, 14th–15th Centuries: Production, Distribution, and Consumption]. Maciej Badowicz。14至15世纪条顿普鲁士葡萄酒研究：生产、分销和消费。

Ordines Militares Pub Date : 2018-12-30 DOI: 10.12775/OM.2018.013

Janusz Tandecki

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