IET Smart Grid最新文献

Adaptive Virtual Complex Impedance-Based Power Sharing Control Scheme for Islanded Microgrids

IF 2.4

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2025-04-26 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.70014

Junjie Ma, Hui Wang

{"title":"Adaptive Virtual Complex Impedance-Based Power Sharing Control Scheme for Islanded Microgrids","authors":"Junjie Ma, Hui Wang","doi":"10.1049/stg2.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/stg2.70014","url":null,"abstract":"To overcome the inaccurate power sharing and circulating current issues caused by the mismatched feeder impedance, this paper proposed an adaptive virtual complex impedance-based power sharing control scheme, where both virtual inductance and virtual resistance are introduced in the control loop. Although communication is employed in this scheme, it is just used to facilitate tuning virtual impedance to compensate for the mismatched voltage drop across the feeders instead of tuning control’s closed loops; therefore, the power sharing performance is not affected by the communication time delay. Once the virtual impedances are tuned at a given load, the scheme ensures good power sharing performance even if the communication is interrupted. Moreover, a detailed state-space model is developed, and the system stability analysis is conducted. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed scheme is validated. The simulation results show that the reactive power error is reduced from 12.2% to 0.18% with the proposed control scheme, and the scheme exhibits good power-sharing performance under conditions of load changes and communication interruptions. In addition, corresponding experimental results have also been obtained using RT-LAB.","PeriodicalId":36490,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Grid","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/stg2.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Digital Spine and Multiple Platforms: Integrating Logistics, Data, Connectivity, and Energy for Electric Commercial Vehicles

IF 2.4

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.70013

Rashid Dehkordi, Petri Ahokangas, Mika Sorvisto

{"title":"Digital Spine and Multiple Platforms: Integrating Logistics, Data, Connectivity, and Energy for Electric Commercial Vehicles","authors":"Rashid Dehkordi, Petri Ahokangas, Mika Sorvisto","doi":"10.1049/stg2.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/stg2.70013","url":null,"abstract":"As the world shifts to the electrification of road transportation, the role of electric commercial vehicles (ECVs) is becoming increasingly significant in reducing carbon emissions. However, integrating ECVs into the transportation sector presents complex challenges. This research explores and expands on the concept of the digital spine (DS) in the multiplatform ECV ecosystem. The digital spine complements the physical infrastructure to enhance operational efficiency. Despite its potential, current research gaps highlight the need for focused studies on digital spine implementation for ECVs. This paper addresses this gap by: (1) exploring the drivers and challenges of implementing the digital spine within the ECV ecosystem, considering technological, economic, and regulatory perspectives; (2) exploring the role and potential benefits of the digital spine in the ECV ecosystem; and (3) redefining the digital spine as a governance model that integrates logistics, cloud data, mobile connectivity, and energy layers to ensure optimised ecosystem functionality. The findings highlight the role of the digital spine in integrating critical infrastructure and facilitating cross-layer interactions and interoperability in a multiplatform ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":36490,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Grid","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/stg2.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Positive Impacts of Demand and Source Management on Improving Eco-Emission Constraints of Combined Hydrogen, Heat and Power

IF 2.4

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.70011

Mojtaba Pirmohammad Talatape, Reza Ghanizadeh, Sajad Bagheri, Mohammad Reza Miveh

{"title":"Positive Impacts of Demand and Source Management on Improving Eco-Emission Constraints of Combined Hydrogen, Heat and Power","authors":"Mojtaba Pirmohammad Talatape, Reza Ghanizadeh, Sajad Bagheri, Mohammad Reza Miveh","doi":"10.1049/stg2.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/stg2.70011","url":null,"abstract":"Cogeneration sources are good choices for meeting the diversity of consumers energy demand. Recently, with the introduction of the microgrid (MG) concept, to increase security, reliability, and quality of the system, loads are fed locally by low-scale generation units. In this work, a Combined Hydrogen, Heat, and Power (CHHP)-based MG (CHHP-MG) is presented. The impacts of employing demand and resource management approaches are analysed in terms of benefits and pollution aspects of the operational problem. To conduct a comprehensive study, management approaches are employed for two different constructions of CHHP. To solve the demand-side management problem, a combination of the Sunflower Optimisation Algorithm and an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used. The numerical results indicate that the proposed demand-side management method performs well in improving the economic and environmental indices of the MG. Specifically, the simulation of the proposed model demonstrates a 3% reduction in total pollution on the demand side, a 42% reduction on the energy resource management side, and a 44% reduction on both the demand and energy resource management sides. Meanwhile, economic profit increased by 34.19% on the demand side, 49.2% on the energy resource management side, and 70% when both the demand and energy resource management sides were applied.","PeriodicalId":36490,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Grid","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/stg2.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

T2SR: Super-Resolution in Smart Meter Data Using a Transformer-Based Framework

IF 2.4

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.70010

Malin Iversen, Mehak Khan, Amir Miraki, Reza Arghandeh

引用次数: 0

Power System Controlled Islanding Using Directed Motif-Based Spectral Clustering: A Novel Complex Network Perspective

IF 2.4

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.70007

Mohsen Safarzadeh, Gholam Reza Yousefi, Mohammad Amin Latify, Zeinab Maleki

{"title":"Power System Controlled Islanding Using Directed Motif-Based Spectral Clustering: A Novel Complex Network Perspective","authors":"Mohsen Safarzadeh, Gholam Reza Yousefi, Mohammad Amin Latify, Zeinab Maleki","doi":"10.1049/stg2.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/stg2.70007","url":null,"abstract":"Intentional Controlled Islanding (ICI) is a wide-area self-healing strategy to prevent power system blackouts. Recent studies integrate ICI within a complex network framework using community detection techniques, thus addressing the complex nature of power systems. The spectral clustering algorithm (SCA) has shown effectiveness in community detection within complex power networks. However, the focus of SCA on undirected networks fails to satisfy the generator coherency constraint. Additionally, it inadequately represents the electrical characteristics required for optimal islanding. This paper implements the ICI scheme via directed community detection, enabling comprehensive community discovery. The process begins with power flow tracing, creating a directed weighted network between generators and loads. To analyse this network, we apply the motif-based spectral clustering algorithm (MSCA) that accounts for both the direction and weight of the edges. Specifically, we define electrical motifs in power networks as high-order subnetworks considering directed weighted connectivity patterns between generators and loads. Numerical simulations on various test cases compare the performance of MSCA and SCA to evaluate the proposed method. According to the results, the SCA based on motifs, as employed in this paper, outperforms traditional SCA using undirected edges as low-order structures. This novel approach increases load restoration and reduces restoration time.","PeriodicalId":36490,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Grid","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/stg2.70007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Generalised Power Synchronisation Loop Design for Performance Enhancement of Grid-Forming Converter

IF 2.4

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.70008

Yifeng Li, Wei Pei, Jiawang Xiong, Wei Deng

{"title":"A Generalised Power Synchronisation Loop Design for Performance Enhancement of Grid-Forming Converter","authors":"Yifeng Li, Wei Pei, Jiawang Xiong, Wei Deng","doi":"10.1049/stg2.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/stg2.70008","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamic characteristics of a grid-forming converter (GFM) directly affect the stable operation of converter-based power systems, where the power synchronisation loop plays a critical role in the shaping of the dynamic characteristics of the GFM converter. Currently, the power synchronisation loop is generally designed by emulating the synchronous machine models and can only provide the inertia and damping characteristics. The stiffness, one of the most important dynamic features, is lacking in the dynamic design of the GFM converter. In this paper, we propose a generalised power synchronisation loop (GPSL) to enable the GFM converter with the inertia, the damping and the stiffness simultaneously. By properly choosing the loop parameters, the dynamic performance and flexibility of the GFM converter can be enhanced. The dynamic property of the GFM converter system and the multiple GFM converter system under the proposed GPSL is both analysed. Moreover, a parameter tunning procedure is given to facilitate the usage of the GPLS. Finally, simulation and experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":36490,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Grid","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/stg2.70008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coordinated Reactive Power Optimal Control Considering the Voltage Security of Wind Farm

IF 2.4

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.70009

Guanhui Li, Wen Zhang, Qi Zhao, Mingkui Wei, Li Shen, Qinyong Zhou, Yiying Gao

{"title":"Coordinated Reactive Power Optimal Control Considering the Voltage Security of Wind Farm","authors":"Guanhui Li, Wen Zhang, Qi Zhao, Mingkui Wei, Li Shen, Qinyong Zhou, Yiying Gao","doi":"10.1049/stg2.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/stg2.70009","url":null,"abstract":"With the increasing penetration of wind farms (WFs) in power systems, they are demanded to support reactive power to guarantee the economical operation of power grids. Limited by the operational security of WFs, their reactive power output may not meet the system requirements. This paper introduces a bi-layer coordinated reactive power optimal control method to ensure the WFs' reactive power support to the system while guaranteeing the operational security and economy of them. The system layer focuses on reducing network loss through coordinating the reactive power outputs of WFs, transformers and other sources. The WF layer tries to meet the reactive power demands set by the system layer while ensuring the voltage security in WF with the minimum network loss. Information of the reactive power demand and the WFs' maximum reactive power supply within their voltage security limitation is exchanged between the two layers and the iteration will converge until all WFs meet the system's reactive power demands. The validity of the strategy is validated in the modified IEEE 14-bus system and an actual regional power system of China.","PeriodicalId":36490,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Grid","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/stg2.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Implementing Load-Side Operating Energy Reserves to Improve System Frequency Control Amid the Expansion of Distributed Generation

IF 2.4

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.70006

Dumisani Mtolo, Rudiren Sarma, David G. Dorrell

{"title":"Implementing Load-Side Operating Energy Reserves to Improve System Frequency Control Amid the Expansion of Distributed Generation","authors":"Dumisani Mtolo, Rudiren Sarma, David G. Dorrell","doi":"10.1049/stg2.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/stg2.70006","url":null,"abstract":"Eskom, South Africa's national power utility, is transitioning from centralised, large-scale electricity coal generation to a more distributed, small-scale inverter-based renewable generation to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This shift poses operational challenges, particularly in maintaining power system frequency stability, which relies on real-time balancing of supply and demand. Traditionally, frequency stability has depended on accurate load forecasts, sufficient generation capacity, and energy reserves from large generators to handle disturbances. However, as the number of large generators decreases, energy reserves will also reduce, potentially compromising frequency stability. This paper introduces the concept of integrating small-scale distributed generators to enhance both primary and secondary frequency control. By actively monitoring and managing these inverter-based generators, while accounting for phase balancing and network congestion, the proposed system seeks to improve grid stability, minimise reliance on large generators, and mitigate the risk of secondary frequency drops within an unmanaged inverter-based network (i.e. the high rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) may lead to inverter trips).","PeriodicalId":36490,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Grid","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/stg2.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Multiple Market Trading Mechanism for Virtual Power Plants Participating in Electricity Energy-Renewable Energy Certificate-Carbon Emission Right Markets

IF 2.4

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.70005

Yun Li, Zhihong Huang, Jianguo Zhou, Ye Guo, Junqiang Gong, Tunan Chen

引用次数: 0

SmarThor: Digital backbone of the Open Thor Living Lab

IF 2.4

IET Smart Grid Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1049/stg2.70003

Klaas Thoelen, Bart Dewallef, Rajni Singh, Luc Rynders, Geert Deconinck

{"title":"SmarThor: Digital backbone of the Open Thor Living Lab","authors":"Klaas Thoelen, Bart Dewallef, Rajni Singh, Luc Rynders, Geert Deconinck","doi":"10.1049/stg2.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/stg2.70003","url":null,"abstract":"With energy systems becoming increasingly data driven, the need arises for dedicated, long-term, and stable data-sharing infrastructures to further facilitate research and innovation. This case study paper presents SmarThor as the digital backbone of the Open Thor Living Lab, an infrastructure environment where research meets industry, citizens and governments to develop, integrate, and test innovative energy solutions in real-life operational settings. SmarThor is a custom cloud-based high-volume time series data-sharing platform developed at EnergyVille, Belgium. It offers services to monitor and control energy systems within the living lab and provides centralised storage and access to this locally collected data. Additionally, data sets on local energy markets, power grids, and weather conditions are hosted, providing supplementary information on the operational context of the living lab. Currently, the platform contains more than 2500 time series, often spanning multiple years, resulting in over 2 billion data points. The availability of this wide data set via a single platform substantially expedites data analytics and artificial intelligence solutions within the Open Thor Living Lab. This paper presents the needs and requirements for the platform, its architecture and implementation, a selection of use cases, and valuable lessons learnt from developing and hosting the data-sharing platform.","PeriodicalId":36490,"journal":{"name":"IET Smart Grid","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/stg2.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143446809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0