Coordinated Optimal Dispatching Strategy for Photovoltaic-Storage-Charging Systems Considering Charging Services and Demand Response

Photovoltaic-storage-charging (PSC) systems, beyond delivering electric vehicle (EV) charging services, exhibit certain degrees of load flexibility, thereby enabling their participation in demand response (DR) markets. An optimal scheduling strategy for PSC systems that accounts for the coupled constraints between charging services and the DR market has been proposed in this paper. First, the inherent characteristics of system resources have been analysed, and mathematical models for both charging services and demand response have been developed. Then, a unified framework is constructed based on the concept of callable capacity, capturing the coupling relationship between the two service types. An optimisation model is formulated with the objective of maximising total system profit, while incorporating constraints such as market participation rules, baseline load definitions, and system operation limits. The callable capacities associated with different service mechanisms are treated as control variables to enable optimal dispatching of the system across both charging and demand response services. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is validated through a case study of a real-world PSC system.