Onati Socio-Legal Series最新文献

{"title":"Perceptions of administrative policymaking authority: evidence from interviews in three state court systems","authors":"Alyx Mark","doi":"10.35295/osls.iisl.1706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl.1706","url":null,"abstract":"Two models, the hierarchical model and the local control model, drive the way we talk about the decisions court actors and judges make. However, neither considered in isolation is an adequate explanation of courts’ administrative policy choices during the Covid-19 pandemic.  This paper explores how actors in state courts in the United States perceived and performed their policymaking capacity using elite interviews.  It argues that considering features of both models provides a more nuanced explanation of the distribution of administrative authority in state courts. The interviews reveal that actors in court systems that both concentrate and distribute administrative authority behave in ways that contradict the prevailing explanatory model. The paper provides evidence of the value of recruiting and interviewing elites when researching court decision-making processes. This study contributes to our understanding of the consequences of centralized and decentralized administrative authority for court users.\u0000Utilizando entrevistas de élite, este trabajo explora cómo los actores de los tribunales estatales de Estados Unidos percibieron y desempeñaron su capacidad de formulación de políticas administrativas durante la pandemia de la COVID-19. Sostiene que considerar tanto las explicaciones jerárquicas como las de control local del comportamiento de quienes trabajan en los tribunales ofrece una explicación más matizada de la distribución de la autoridad administrativa en estos sistemas. Las entrevistas revelan que los actores de los sistemas judiciales que concentran y distribuyen la autoridad administrativa se comportan de formas que contradicen los modelos explicativos predominantes: en los sistemas administrativamente más descentralizados, algunos actores judiciales buscaban más orientación de los actores centrales, mientras que, en un sistema centralizado, algunos actores judiciales actuaban de formas que se desviaban de las órdenes centrales. Además de ampliar nuestra comprensión de las consecuencias para los usuarios de la autoridad administrativa centralizada y descentralizada de los tribunales, este trabajo aporta pruebas de las ventajas y los retos de realizar entrevistas con una muestra de élite a través de la tecnología.","PeriodicalId":36457,"journal":{"name":"Onati Socio-Legal Series","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70032283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysing courthouses’ spaces, places and architecture: some methodological outlines","authors":"P. Branco","doi":"10.35295/osls.iisl.1692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl.1692","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to retrospectively reflect on my experiences conducting research on the intersections between courthouse architecture and access to justice in family and children's matters. This raises methodological and practical issues motivated by the novelty of the theme, as was the case when I began my doctoral research approximately 13 years ago, in Portugal. Therefore, I will discuss the strategies adopted and the instruments I used within a qualitative methodology framework. I will particularly focus on the following methods: 1. visiting courthouse buildings, in order to examine, among other elements, localities, façades, courtrooms and other areas and spaces; 2. photographing the different angles/spaces, and 3. writing down a field diary with all my observations of the trips, visits, and encounters. This article traces the early preparations for selecting the courts to visit, how I got to the selected courts, what it was like visiting and photographing such buildings, and some of the difficulties I encountered. In the concluding section, with the benefit of hindsight, I offer reflections on what I would have done differently.\u0000El objetivo de este artículo es reflexionar retrospectivamente sobre mis experiencias en la realización de investigaciones sobre las intersecciones entre la arquitectura de los tribunales y el acceso a la justicia en asuntos de familia y menores. Esto plantea cuestiones metodológicas y prácticas motivadas por la novedad del tema, como era el caso cuando comencé mi investigación doctoral hace aproximadamente 13 años, en Portugal. Por lo tanto, discutiré las estrategias adoptadas y los instrumentos que utilicé en el marco de una metodología cualitativa. Me centraré especialmente en los siguientes métodos: 1. visitar los edificios de los juzgados, para examinar, entre otros elementos, los locales, las fachadas, las salas de vistas y otras áreas y espacios; 2. fotografiar los diferentes ángulos/espacios, y 3. escribir un diario de campo con todas mis observaciones de los viajes, visitas y encuentros. Este artículo relata los primeros preparativos para seleccionar los tribunales que iba a visitar, cómo llegué a los tribunales elegidos, cómo fue visitar y fotografiar tales edificios y algunas de las dificultades que encontré. En la sección final, con la perspectiva que da la experiencia, reflexiono sobre lo que habría hecho de otra manera.","PeriodicalId":36457,"journal":{"name":"Onati Socio-Legal Series","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70032400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Handmaidens, partners or go-betweens: Reflections on the push and pull of the judicial and justice policy audience","authors":"L. Mulcahy, Anna Tsalapatanis","doi":"10.35295/osls.iisl.1707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl.1707","url":null,"abstract":"Debate about the ways in  empirical accounts of socio-legal phenomena may be compromised by close engagement with policy audiences has long dogged discussions of the possibility of progressive agendas in the field. This paper re-examines these critiques by reference to a case study in which the authors worked closely with UK judges and the court service. It argues that accounts of the relationship between the policy audience and researchers frequently rely on overly simplistic conceptualisations of elite state actors and the ways in which empirical researchers engage with the powerful. We suggest that a range of forms of interaction are possible in which researchers can be characterised as  handmaidens, partners or go-betweens. While acknowledging the importance of interrogating how the policy audience can compromise the independence of academic researchers, we argue that debate has tended to rest on oversimplified understandings of the dynamics of interactions with powerful state actors.\u0000El debate sobre las formas en que la credibilidad del trabajo empírico socio-jurídico puede verse comprometida por un estrecho compromiso con el público político ha perseguido durante mucho tiempo las discusiones sobre la posibilidad de una agenda socio-jurídica progresista. Este artículo reexamina estas críticas haciendo referencia a un estudio de caso en el que los autores trabajaron estrechamente con jueces y el servicio judicial del Reino Unido. Sostiene que muchos de los relatos existentes sobre la relación entre el público político y los investigadores se basan con frecuencia en conceptualizaciones demasiado simplistas de los actores estatales de élite y de las formas en que los investigadores empíricos se relacionan con los poderosos. Sugerimos que son posibles distintos tipos de relaciones de investigación, que caracterizamos como de sirvientes, socios o intermediarios. Aunque reconocemos la importancia de cuestionar el modo en que las audiencias políticas pueden comprometer la independencia de los investigadores académicos, sostenemos que el debate ha tendido a basarse en interpretaciones unidimensionales de la dinámica de las interacciones con los poderosos actores estatales.","PeriodicalId":36457,"journal":{"name":"Onati Socio-Legal Series","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70032516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Mãe morta, pai preso”: Crianças e adolescentes em contextos de feminicídio no estado do Paraná","authors":"Priscilla Placha Sá, Bruno Amaral Machado, Soraia Da Rosa Mendes","doi":"10.35295/osls.iisl.1629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl.1629","url":null,"abstract":"O artigo busca investigar a presença de crianças e adolescentes em contextos de feminicídio íntimo ou doméstico no Estado do Paraná, tal qual compreender o tratamento das sentenças judiciais a estes grupos. Para tanto, a partir de coleta empírica, apresenta dados divididos em dois grupos: (1) qual o perfil de descendentes da vítima, comuns com o autor do feminicídio ou somente da vítima, em contextos de feminicídio, sobretudo quanto à faixa etária e à existência ou não de agravos decorrentes de intervenções na cena do crime; e (2) se a sentença judicial do caso considera ou não, de alguma forma, a presença de descendentes. Os resultados apontam para um tratamento diferencial oferecido pelo sistema de justiça criminal que acarreta consequências distintas para autores de feminicídio, como também produz repertório decisional diverso para situações envolvendo a presença, a intervenção e o agravo envolvendo crianças e adolescentes em contextos de feminicídio.\u0000This article craves to investigate the presence of children and teenagers in contexts of intimate or domestic feminicide on the Paraná state, as well as to understand the treatment of court sentences for these groups. Therefore, based on empirical data, the collected information is divided into two groups: (1) what is the profile of the victim’s descendants – and if they are or aren’t common with the feminicide defendant –, especially regarding the age group and the existence or not of aggravation resulting from interventions at the crime scene; and (2) whether or not the court decision in the case considers, in any way, the presence of descendants. The results point to a differential treatment offered by the criminal justice system that has different consequences for perpetrators of femicide, but also produces a diverse decision-making repertoire for situations involving the presence, intervention and aggravation involving children and teenagers in femicide contexts.","PeriodicalId":36457,"journal":{"name":"Onati Socio-Legal Series","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70032254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Law's role in democratising the family","authors":"Jean De Munck","doi":"10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1348","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the dynamics of family law’s transformation over the past 50 years as the result of interactions of two autonomous systems: the law and the family. The interesting feature in the change of family is its democratisation. Equality, consent, freedom of partners, participative governance have become ideals of the Western family. Law is a motor of this family transformation through its own internal transformation on two points: the transformation of legal reasoning, based on human rights; the use of mediation in judiciary conflict resolution. This U turn can be explained by the new mechanisms of social order in modern differenciated societies. Following Anne Rawls’ reading of Durkheim’s insights, the article argues for the centrality of “constitutive practices” in modern societies. Legal framework can no longer derive and perform social order through moral rituals. Modern law must fit the procedural morality (instead of a moral consensus) of family interactions in order to be able to solve conflicts. This explanation of the success of mediation in family law is also the key to understand the constitutionalisation of family law via the use of principles (instead of rules) in legal reasoning. Intercultural conflicts arise inside families as well as inside societies. New flexible family law becomes a factor of pluralization of family forms. On this basis, transnationalization of family law can develop, even if state sovereignty remains a powerful brake of this evolution.\u0000Este artículo explora la dinámica de transformación del derecho de familia en los últimos 50 años como resultado de las interacciones de dos sistemas autónomos: el derecho y la familia. La característica interesante del cambio de la familia es su democratización. La igualdad, el consentimiento, la libertad de las parejas y el gobierno participativo se han convertido en ideales de la familia occidental. El derecho es un motor de esta transformación familiar a través de su propia transformación interna en dos puntos: la transformación del razonamiento jurídico, basado en los derechos humanos; el uso de la mediación en la resolución de conflictos judiciales. Este vuelco, a su vez, se explica por los nuevos mecanismos de orden social en las modernas sociedades diferenciadas. Siguiendo la lectura de Anne Rawls de las ideas de Durkheim, el artículo defiende la centralidad de las “prácticas constitutivas” en las sociedades modernas. El marco jurídico ya no puede derivar y realizar el orden social a través de rituales morales. El derecho moderno debe adaptarse a la moralidad procedimental (en lugar de a un consenso moral) de las interacciones familiares para poder resolver los conflictos. Esta explicación del éxito de la mediación en el derecho de familia es también la clave para entender la constitucionalización del derecho de familia mediante el uso de principios (en lugar de normas) en el razonamiento jurídico. Los conflictos interculturales surgen tanto en el seno de las ","PeriodicalId":36457,"journal":{"name":"Onati Socio-Legal Series","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70042009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction: Gender and judging in the Middle East and Africa","authors":"M. Lindbekk, Rania Maktabi","doi":"10.35295/osls.iisl.1774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl.1774","url":null,"abstract":"Since the turn of the millennium, the appointment of women judges has increased markedly in Africa and the Middle East, along with the social and political influence of courts. The expansion of judicial power worldwide raises important questions about who the judges are and what their role should be. The appointment of women to positions of judicial authority has increased, but this increase is only beginning to be reflected in socio-legal studies. The articles collected in this special issue contribute to the burgeoning empirical comparative literature by approaching the subject matter from two analytical angles: (i) Gendered patterns in judicial selection processes that focus mainly on judicial selection processes and subsequent legal careers; and (ii) Gendered aspects of court practices that shed light on whether and how gender plays into judging practices and experiences at court. The authors in this special volume elaborate on the theme of gender and judging predominantly through one of these two analytical entries with case studies on Tunisia, Ghana, Syria, Kuwait, and the other five oil-rich Gulf monarchies.\u0000Desde el cambio de milenio, el nombramiento de juezas ha aumentado notablemente en África y Oriente Medio, junto con la influencia social y política de los tribunales. La expansión del poder judicial en todo el mundo plantea importantes cuestiones sobre quiénes son los jueces y cuál debe ser su papel. El nombramiento de mujeres para puestos de autoridad judicial ha aumentado, pero este incremento sólo está empezando a reflejarse en los estudios socio-jurídicos. Los artículos recogidos en este número especial contribuyen a la floreciente literatura empírica comparativa abordando el tema desde dos ángulos analíticos: (i) Patrones de género en los procesos de selección judicial, que se centran principalmente en los procesos de selección judicial y en las carreras jurídicas posteriores; y (ii) Aspectos de género de las prácticas judiciales, que arrojan luz sobre si el género influye en las prácticas judiciales y en las experiencias en los tribunales, y cómo lo hace. Los autores de este volumen especial desarrollan el tema del género y la judicatura predominantemente a través de una de estas dos entradas analíticas con estudios de caso sobre Túnez, Ghana, Siria, Kuwait y las otras cinco monarquías ricas en petróleo del Golfo.","PeriodicalId":36457,"journal":{"name":"Onati Socio-Legal Series","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70032678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"El derecho a la salud en Colombia: de la superación del apartheid legal a las barreras institucionales y sociales","authors":"A. Barboza, J. Gaviria","doi":"10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1385","url":null,"abstract":"En este artículo defenderemos que la Corte Constitucional colombiana ha contribuido de manera importante a la eliminación de las barreras legales/formales al acceso a los servicios de salud, pero que su enfoque limitado a la corrección de las fallas regulatorias en el marco del modelo de sistema de salud de la Ley 100 es insuficiente para abordar las barreras sociales e institucionales al acceso, las cuales siguen siendo causa del elevado litigio en salud. Para ello partiremos de las fallas evidenciadas por el litigio posterior a 2008, a partir de los fallos de la Corte Constitucional (en especial los autos de cumplimiento de la Sentencia T-760 de 2008) de los informes del Ministerio de Salud que se refieren al cumplimiento de estas órdenes, los informes anuales de la Defensoría del Pueblo y la literatura especializada de los últimos años sobre el sistema de salud colombiano.  \u0000In this article we will argue that the Colombian Constitutional Court has made an important contribution to the elimination of legal/formal barriers to access to health services, but its limited focus on correcting regulatory failures under the health system model of Law 100 is insufficient to address the social and institutional barriers to access, which continue to be the cause of high litigation in health. To do so, we will start from the failures evidenced by the post-2008 litigation, based on the rulings of the Constitutional Court (especially the orders of compliance with Sentence T-760 of 2008), the reports of the Ministry of Health that refer to the compliance with these orders, the annual reports of the Ombudsman's Office and the specialized literature of recent years on the Colombian health system.   ","PeriodicalId":36457,"journal":{"name":"Onati Socio-Legal Series","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70042231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reconceptualización de la impunidad en los casos de violencia contra mujeres y niñas en México","authors":"Pamela Teutli","doi":"10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1383","url":null,"abstract":"El incremento en México de las violencias contra mujeres y niñas (VCMN) en sus diversos contextos y modalidades, trae aparejada una idea de impunidad que pone en cuestión la eficacia del sistema de justicia penal para atender esta problemática. La creación de nuevos tipos penales y el aumento de penas han demostrado ser estrategias ineficaces en la prevención y atención de estos casos y carecer de una visión sistémica de la problemática. En ese sentido, el presente artículo busca desarrollar una idea de la impunidad que vaya más allá de la ausencia del castigo y que se define a partir de la noción estructural de la VCMN. Para ello, se contextualiza a través de algunos datos el constante incremento de estas violencias y se analizan los elementos estructurales de la misma. Con base en ello, se desarrolla un concepto de impunidad asociado a la ausencia de un acceso a la justicia con perspectiva de género y a partir de él, se analizan las reproducciones de las discriminaciones de género cometidas a nivel institucional; desde la tipificación de delitos, hasta la operación en la investigación y persecución de estas conductas.\u0000The increase of violence against women and girls (VAWG) in Mexico, in its various contexts and modalities comes hand in hand with a perception of impunity that calls into question the effectiveness of the criminal justice system to attend this problem. The creation of new crime regulations and the increase in penalties have proven to be ineffective strategies in the prevention and attention of these cases, since they lack a systemic vision of the problem. This paper seeks to develop an idea of impunity that goes beyond the absence of punishment and is defined on the basis of the structural notion of VAWG. Therefore, impunity can be associated with the absence of access to justice and a gender perspective.","PeriodicalId":36457,"journal":{"name":"Onati Socio-Legal Series","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70042190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La democracia (global): actualidad y perspectivas","authors":"A. Rossetti","doi":"10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1375","url":null,"abstract":"En el texto se indaga sobre el uso del concepto de democracia en los tiempos actuales, en particular en sus versiones que la asocian con la implementación de la misma en la esfera global. Se parte de la pregunta sobre la posibilidad de \"hablar\" de democracia en ciertas condiciones y circunstancias y su confrontación con la realidad que se vive. Sirve un evento concreto que fué el golpe de estado sucedido en Bolivia en el año 2019 -no reconocido como tal por una buena parte de la comunidad internacional y la academia- para analizar las posibilidades y perspectivas de implementar a nivel planetario un sistema de gobierno global que realmente pueda ser calificado como \"democrático\". Desde la realidad vigente,  con la excepcional pandemia de Covid-19 que ha condicionado muchos aspectos y con el estable neoliberalismo que domina el planeta, se reflexiona sobre las condiciones para lograr sociedades -en diversos ámbitos- con mayores niveles de participación y de igualdad que son los elementos esenciales de lo que debiera caracterizar a las que aspiren a ser consideradas como democráticas.\u0000The text investigates the use of the concept of democracy in current times, particularly in its versions that associate it with its implementation in the global sphere. It starts from the question about the possibility of \"talking\" about democracy in certain conditions and circumstances and its confrontation with the reality. It is from a specific event that was the coup d'état that took place in Bolivia in 2019 -not recognized as such by a large part of the international community and academia- that the author analyzes the possibilities and perspectives of implementing a democratic system at the planetary. From the current reality, with the exceptional Covid-19 pandemic that has conditioned many aspects and with the stable neoliberalism that dominates the planet, the article analyses the conditions to achieve societies -in various fields- with higher levels of participation and equality that are the essential elements to characterize those societies to be considered as democratic.","PeriodicalId":36457,"journal":{"name":"Onati Socio-Legal Series","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70042036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"¿Qué juezas y jueces debe tener un Estado Democrático? Análisis de los criterios de selección y formación de jueces y juezas","authors":"Silvina Ribotta","doi":"10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35295/osls.iisl/0000-0000-0000-1378","url":null,"abstract":"En los Estados democráticos modernos las personas que acaban siendo parte de la judicatura como juezas y jueces en los distintos niveles de la justicia no son representativos de la diversidad de la sociedad, sobrerrepresentando a unas personas, sus intereses y sus concepciones sobre la justicia y subrepresentando a grandes sectores de la sociedad, con mayor crudeza mientras más desigualitaria sea la sociedad. Sumado a que la formación en derechos humanos que se recibe en las carreras de Derecho es escasa y deficiente, tanto en Derechos Humanos, en enfoque, procedimientos para la aplicación y perspectiva de análisis e interpretación del Derecho desde los derechos humanos, y que esta inadecuada formación no se subsana en los procesos de selección de la judicatura, ni en la formación durante el ejercicio. Desde este diagnóstico, el artículo pretende visibilizar los sesgos desigualitarios en la integración de las administraciones de justicia y la inadecuada formación que tienen en derechos humanos, y cómo esta situación impacta en reproducir injusticia social. Sugiriendo la implementación de políticas públicas que podrían resultar eficaces y oportunas para influir positivamente fortaleciendo la democracia y los Estados de Derecho.\u0000In the modern Democratic States, the people who end up being part of the judiciary as judges at different levels of justice are not representative of the diversity of society. Some people, their interests, and their conceptions of justice are overrepresented, while large societal sectors are underrepresented. This is even worse in societies that are more unequal. Furthermore, the training in human rights that the Schools of Law provide is deficient, both in the internal Law of Human Rights and International Human Rights Law, as well as in the procedures for the application of these in domestic justice and in the perspective of analysis and interpretation of general Law from Human Rights. This inadequate training is not corrected in the selection processes of the judiciary nor in training during the exercise. The article aims, from these analyses, to make visible the inegalitarian biases in the composition of justice administrations, the inadequate training they have in Human Rights, and how this situation affects the reproduction of social injustices. Furthermore, proposes the implementation of specific public policies that could be effective on the strengthening of democracy and the modern Constitutional State.","PeriodicalId":36457,"journal":{"name":"Onati Socio-Legal Series","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70042089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}