Matthew A Turner, Cristina Moya, Paul E Smaldino, James Holland Jones
{"title":"The form of uncertainty affects selection for social learning.","authors":"Matthew A Turner, Cristina Moya, Paul E Smaldino, James Holland Jones","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2023.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ehs.2023.11","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Social learning is a critical adaptation for dealing with different forms of variability. Uncertainty is a severe form of variability where the space of possible decisions or probabilities of associated outcomes are unknown. We identified four theoretically important sources of uncertainty: temporal environmental variability; payoff ambiguity; selection-set size; and effective lifespan. When these combine, it is nearly impossible to fully learn about the environment. We develop an evolutionary agent-based model to test how each form of uncertainty affects the evolution of social learning. Agents perform one of several behaviours, modelled as a multi-armed bandit, to acquire payoffs. All agents learn about behavioural payoffs individually through an adaptive behaviour-choice model that uses a softmax decision rule. Use of vertical and oblique payoff-biased social learning evolved to serve as a scaffold for adaptive individual learning - they are not opposite strategies. Different types of uncertainty had varying effects. Temporal environmental variability suppressed social learning, whereas larger selection-set size promoted social learning, even when the environment changed frequently. Payoff ambiguity and lifespan interacted with other uncertainty parameters. This study begins to explain how social learning can predominate despite highly variable real-world environments when effective individual learning helps individuals recover from learning outdated social information.</p>","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"5 ","pages":"e20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10426062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10395065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Things fall apart.","authors":"Ruth Mace","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2022.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ehs.2022.60","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"5 ","pages":"e1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10426001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10005504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction to the special collection: The expression of the emotions in man and animals.","authors":"Louise Barrett","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2022.59","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2022.59","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"4 ","pages":"e57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10426026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10076953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Study on ‘Clothed with Christ’ in the Perspective of ‘Adam Christology","authors":"Okhee Lee","doi":"10.33518/hs.9.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33518/hs.9.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"181 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89632891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A period of bad harvest of the 17th century, PARK Sahyung’s request for regional stabilization and the nurture of disciples revealed in “Cheonggwangja-jip”","authors":"Jae-hwan Moon","doi":"10.33518/hs.9.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33518/hs.9.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88328884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oeuvres of Gyeonhoiyo & Yoon Seondo’s perception of reality","authors":"YongChan Kim","doi":"10.33518/hs.9.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33518/hs.9.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88697150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bibliographical Introduction and Suggestions on 『Collection of historical materials related to North Korea』","authors":"Dae-yeol Yea","doi":"10.33518/hs.9.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33518/hs.9.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74226971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"General Lee Dae-yong’s Diary and Korean Contemporary History Focused on major events that appeared in the diary","authors":"S. Cho","doi":"10.33518/hs.9.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33518/hs.9.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78448475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Labor and Life in Wartime Korea, 1937-1953: Institute of Humanities Research, SCNU, Controlled Labor and Life, Seoul: Sunin, 2022","authors":"Oh-Soo Kwon","doi":"10.33518/hs.9.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33518/hs.9.6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90623034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiao-Qiao He, Jun-Wen Rui, Li Zhang, Yi Tao, Jia-Jia Wu, Ruth Mace, Ting Ji
{"title":"Erratum: Communal breeding by women is associated with lower investment from husbands - ERRATUM.","authors":"Qiao-Qiao He, Jun-Wen Rui, Li Zhang, Yi Tao, Jia-Jia Wu, Ruth Mace, Ting Ji","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2022.56","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2022.56","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.47.].</p>","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"4 ","pages":"e55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10426044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10389838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}