Evolutionary Human Sciences最新文献_第10页

Why marry early? Parental influence, agency and gendered conflict in Tanzanian marriages. 为什么早婚？坦桑尼亚婚姻中的父母影响、代理和性别冲突。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-21 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.46

Jitihada Baraka, David W Lawson, Susan B Schaffnit, Joyce Wamoyi, Mark Urassa

{"title":"Why marry early? Parental influence, agency and gendered conflict in Tanzanian marriages.","authors":"Jitihada Baraka, David W Lawson, Susan B Schaffnit, Joyce Wamoyi, Mark Urassa","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2022.46","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2022.46","url":null,"abstract":"Global health interventions increasingly target the abolishment of 'child marriage' (marriage under 18 years, hereafter referred to as 'early marriage'). Guided by human behavioural ecology theory, and drawing on focus groups and in-depth interviews in an urbanising Tanzanian community where female early marriage is normative, we examine the common assumption that it is driven by the interests and coercive actions of parents and/or men. We find limited support for parent-offspring conflict. Parents often encouraged early marriages, but were motivated by the promise of social and economic security for daughters, rather than bridewealth transfers alone. Moreover, forced marriage appears rare, and adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) were active agents in the transition to marriage, sometimes marrying against parental wishes. Support for gendered conflict was stronger. AGYW were described as being lured into unstable relationships by men misrepresenting their long-term intentions. Community members voiced concerns over these marriages. Overall, early marriage appears rooted in limited options, encouraging strategic, but risky choices on the marriage market. Our results highlight plurality and context dependency in drivers of early marriage, even within a single community. We conclude that engaging with the importance of context is fundamental in forging culturally sensitive policies and programs on early marriage.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"4 ","pages":"e49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10426069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10076951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Managing the stresses of group-living in the transition to village life. 在向乡村生活过渡的过程中应对集体生活的压力。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-13 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.39

R I M Dunbar

引用次数: 0

Erratum: Marriage, bridewealth and power: critical reflections on women's autonomy across settings in Africa - CORRIGENDUM. 勘误：《婚姻、新婚财富与权力：对非洲不同环境下妇女自主权的批判性思考》 - CORRIGENDUM.

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-02 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.37

Constance Awinpoka Akurugu, Isaac Dery, Paul Bata Domanban

引用次数: 0

Is it good to be bad? An evolutionary analysis of the adaptive potential of psychopathic traits. 做坏人好吗？精神变态特质适应潜力的进化分析。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-11 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.36

Ioana Ene, Keri Ka-Yee Wong, Gul Deniz Salali

{"title":"Is it good to be bad? An evolutionary analysis of the adaptive potential of psychopathic traits.","authors":"Ioana Ene, Keri Ka-Yee Wong, Gul Deniz Salali","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2022.36","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2022.36","url":null,"abstract":"Although psychopathy is widely conceptualised as a mental disorder, some researchers question the maladaptive nature of psychopathy, and argue that it might be advantageous from an evolutionary point of view. According to this view, psychopathy can be seen as an evolutionary adaptative strategy that relies on deception and manipulation to gain short-term reproductive benefits. Psychopathy is also identified as a fast life strategy in response to early life stress and an adaptation to harsh environments. This paper investigates the evidence that psychopathic traits are adaptive, while also addressing the limitations of current evolutionary models of psychopathy based on frequency-dependent selection and life history theory. We review recent studies on the fitness correlates of psychopathy and find that psychopathic traits present potential adaptive trade-offs between fertility and mortality, and offspring quantity and quality. On a proximate level, individual differences in stress reactivity and environmental risk factors in early development predispose to psychopathy through gene-environment interactions. We propose that environmental, developmental, social and cultural factors can mediate the relationship between psychopathic traits and fitness and therefore should be considered to make accurate predictions on the adaptive potential of psychopathy. We end by outlining gaps in the literature and making recommendations for future evolutionary research on psychopathy.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"4 ","pages":"e37"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10426111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10018139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rates of ecological knowledge learning in Pemba, Tanzania: Implications for childhood evolution. 坦桑尼亚奔巴岛的生态知识学习率：对童年进化的影响。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-02 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.31

Ilaria Pretelli, Monique Borgerhoff Mulder, Richard McElreath

{"title":"Rates of ecological knowledge learning in Pemba, Tanzania: Implications for childhood evolution.","authors":"Ilaria Pretelli, Monique Borgerhoff Mulder, Richard McElreath","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2022.31","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2022.31","url":null,"abstract":"Humans live in diverse, complex niches where survival and reproduction are conditional on the acquisition of knowledge. Humans also have long childhoods, spending more than a decade before they become net producers. Whether the time needed to learn has been a selective force in the evolution of long human childhood is unclear, because there is little comparative data on the growth of ecological knowledge throughout childhood. We measured ecological knowledge at different ages in Pemba, Zanzibar (Tanzania), interviewing 93 children and teenagers between 4 and 26 years. We developed Bayesian latent-trait models to estimate individual knowledge and its association with age, activities, household family structure and education. In the studied population, children learn during the whole pre-reproductive period, but at varying rates, with the fastest increases in young children. Sex differences appear during middle childhood and are mediated by participation in different activities. In addition to providing a detailed empirical investigation of the relationship between knowledge acquisition and childhood, this study develops and documents computational improvements to the modelling of knowledge development.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"4 ","pages":"e34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5a/4f/S2513843X22000317a.PMC10426123.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10011202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Culture and group-functional punishment behaviour. 文化与群体功能性惩罚行为

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-01 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.32

Antonio M Espín, Pablo Brañas-Garza, Juan F Gamella, Benedikt Herrmann, Jesús Martín

{"title":"Culture and group-functional punishment behaviour.","authors":"Antonio M Espín, Pablo Brañas-Garza, Juan F Gamella, Benedikt Herrmann, Jesús Martín","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2022.32","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2022.32","url":null,"abstract":"Humans often 'altruistically' punish non-cooperators in one-shot interactions among genetically unrelated individuals. This poses an evolutionary puzzle because altruistic punishment enforces cooperation norms that benefit the whole group but is costly for the punisher. One key explanation is that punishment follows a social-benefits logic: it is eminently normative and group-functional (drawing on cultural group selection theories). In contrast, mismatch-based deterrence theory argues that punishment serves the individual-level function of deterring mistreatment of oneself and one's allies, hinging upon the evolved human coalitional psychology. We conducted multilateral-cooperation experiments with a sample of Spanish Romani people (Gitanos or Calé) and the non-Gitano majority. The Gitanos represent a unique case study because they rely heavily on close kin-based networks and display a strong ethnic identity. We find that Gitano non-cooperators were not punished by co-ethnics in only-Gitano (ethnically) homogeneous groups but were harshly punished by other Gitanos and by non-Gitanos in ethnically mixed groups. Our findings suggest the existence of culture-specific motives for punishment: Gitanos, especially males, appear to use punishment to protect their ethnic identity, whereas non-Gitanos use punishment to protect a norm of universal cooperation. Only theories that consider normative, group-functional forces underlying punishment behaviour can explain our data.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"4 ","pages":"e35"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10426100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10374205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The complex life course of mobility: Quantitative description of 300,000 residential moves in 1850-1950 Netherlands. 流动的复杂生命历程：对 1850-1950 年荷兰 30 万次居住迁移的定量描述。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-28 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.33

Natalia Fedorova, Richard McElreath, Bret A Beheim

{"title":"The complex life course of mobility: Quantitative description of 300,000 residential moves in 1850-1950 Netherlands.","authors":"Natalia Fedorova, Richard McElreath, Bret A Beheim","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2022.33","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2022.33","url":null,"abstract":"Mobility is a major mechanism of human adaptation, both in the deep past and in the present. Decades of research in the human evolutionary sciences have elucidated how much, how and when individuals and groups move in response to their ecology. Prior research has focused on small-scale subsistence societies, often in marginal environments and yielding small samples. Yet adaptive movement is commonplace across human societies, providing an opportunity to study human mobility more broadly. We provide a detailed, life-course structured demonstration, describing the residential mobility system of a historical population living between 1850 and 1950 in the industrialising Netherlands. We focus on how moves are patterned over the lifespan, attending to individual variation and stratifying our analyses by gender. We conclude that this population was not stationary: the median total moves in a lifetime were 10, with a wide range of variation and an uneven distribution over the life course. Mobility peaks in early adulthood (age 20-30) in this population, and this peak is consistent in all the studied cohorts, and both genders. Mobile populations in sedentary settlements provide a productive avenue for research on adaptive mobility and its relationship to human life history, and historical databases are useful for addressing evolutionarily motivated questions.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"4 ","pages":"e39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5a/dc/S2513843X22000330a.PMC10426073.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10023113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Age- and sex-based differences in the moral intuitions of American early adolescents. 美国早期青少年道德直觉中的年龄和性别差异。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-27 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.34

Brandon L Bretl, Marlon Goering

{"title":"Age- and sex-based differences in the moral intuitions of American early adolescents.","authors":"Brandon L Bretl, Marlon Goering","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2022.34","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2022.34","url":null,"abstract":"This study sought to explore the validity of a latent-factor model of moral intuition development during early adolescence. The 3-Factor Character Foundations Survey (CFS-3) was used to assess the moral intuitions of early adolescents (n = 850, mean = 12.4 years old, SD = 0.96) under a moral foundations theory framework. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the psychometric validity of the three latent factor constructs (autonomy, loyalty and empathy), and partial metric invariance was established to allow for the comparison of latent factor means between four age- and sex-based groups coinciding with averages for pubertal onset. Results support prior findings of greater latent factor means for females in all three factors when compared with males in the 11-12-year-old age group. Additionally, 13-14-year-old females exhibited lower latent factor means in autonomy and loyalty factors when compared with 11-12-year-old females. This resulted in 13-14-year-old females remaining higher in empathy and autonomy but showing no difference in loyalty when compared with 13-14-year-old males. The results are interpreted through the lens of attachment theory, socio-cultural influence and certain limitations of the survey instrument itself. Suggestions for future studies are proposed.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"4 ","pages":"e33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3b/c6/S2513843X22000342a.PMC10426028.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10076954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Claude Lévi-Strauss as a humanist forerunner of cultural macroevolution studies. 克劳德-列维-斯特劳斯是文化宏观进化研究的人文主义先驱。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-12 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.30

Marcelo R Sánchez-Villagra

{"title":"Claude Lévi-Strauss as a humanist forerunner of cultural macroevolution studies.","authors":"Marcelo R Sánchez-Villagra","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2022.30","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2022.30","url":null,"abstract":"Cross-cultural studies of humans using methods developed in evolutionary biology and comparative linguistics are flourishing. 'Cultural macroevolution' has great potential to address fundamental questions of cultural transformation and human history. However, this field is poorly integrated with core cultural anthropology, although both aim in part at addressing similar issues. Claude Lévi-Strauss established a comparative approach searching for universals and documentation of diversity to bring understanding to cultural phenomena. Recognizing the nomothetic nature of Lévi-Strauss' work, his abstraction and modelling, provides an example within anthropology of the search for universals and the study of big data, akin to cultural macroevolution studies. The latter could benefit, beyond the sophisticated analyses of big data mined from ethnographic work, from the integration with the intellectual legacy and practice of core anthropology and thus propitiate the synergistic interaction of disciplines. Attempts at rapprochement of disciplines from the natural sciences that lack pluralism and present a narrow view are deemed examples of 'Wilson's effect'.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"4 ","pages":"e31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10426008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10018141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychosocial and energetic factors on human female pubertal timing: a systematized review. 人类女性青春期时间的社会心理和能量因素：系统化综述。

IF 2.6

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-09 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.24

Delaney J Glass, Joy T Geerkens, Melanie A Martin

{"title":"Psychosocial and energetic factors on human female pubertal timing: a systematized review.","authors":"Delaney J Glass, Joy T Geerkens, Melanie A Martin","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2022.24","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2022.24","url":null,"abstract":"Childhood psychosocial stressors have been proposed to favour fast life history strategies promoting earlier puberty in females. However, studies demonstrating this association often do not elucidate causal mechanisms, nor account for greater childhood energetic availability - also known to promote rapid growth and earlier puberty. To assess the extent to which such confounding has been considered, we conducted a systematized review to identify studies examining measures of both prepubertal growth (e.g. weight, height) and psychosocial stressors (e.g. adversity, father absence) in relation to female pubertal timing. A total of 1069 non-duplicated studies were identified across five databases. Twenty studies met selection criteria for critical review following independent screening of titles, abstracts and manuscripts. Within these studies, measures indicative of rapid childhood growth were more consistently associated with earlier pubertal timing than were measures of psychosocial stress. We discuss future research directions to investigate the impact of psychosocial stress on pubertal timing more robustly, including methodological and mechanistic considerations, and contextualization of findings by socioecological environments.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"4 ","pages":"e28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10426011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10023111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0