Evolutionary Human Sciences最新文献_第10页

The impact of market integration on arranged marriages in Matlab, Bangladesh. 市场一体化对孟加拉国马特拉布包办婚姻的影响。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-12 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.54

S B Schaffnit, A E Page, R Lynch, L Spake, R Sear, R Sosis, J Shaver, N Alam, M C Towner, M K Shenk

{"title":"The impact of market integration on arranged marriages in Matlab, Bangladesh.","authors":"S B Schaffnit, A E Page, R Lynch, L Spake, R Sear, R Sosis, J Shaver, N Alam, M C Towner, M K Shenk","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2022.54","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2022.54","url":null,"abstract":"Success in marriage markets has lasting impacts on women's wellbeing. By arranging marriages, parents exert financial and social powers to influence spouse characteristics and ensure optimal marriages. While arranging marriages is a major focus of parental investment, marriage decisions are also a source of conflict between parents and daughters in which parents often have more power. The process of market integration may alter parental investment strategies, however, increasing children's bargaining power and reducing parents' influence over children's marriage decisions. We use data from a market integrating region of Bangladesh to (a) describe temporal changes in marriage types, (b) identify which women enter arranged marriages and (c) determine how market integration affects patterns of arranged marriage. Most women's marriages were arranged, with love marriages more recent. We found few predictors of who entered arranged vs. love marriages, and family-level market integration did not predict marriage type at the individual level. However, based on descriptive findings, and findings relating women's and fathers' education to groom characteristics, we argue that at the society-level market integration has opened a novel path in which daughters use their own status, gained via parental investments, to facilitate good marriages under conditions of reduced parental assistance or control.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"5 ","pages":"e5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10426007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10303696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dogs functionally respond to and use emotional information from human expressions. 狗狗会对人类表情中的情感信息做出功能性反应并加以利用。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-12-06 eCollection Date: 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.57

Natalia Albuquerque, Briseida Resende

{"title":"Dogs functionally respond to and use emotional information from human expressions.","authors":"Natalia Albuquerque, Briseida Resende","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2022.57","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2022.57","url":null,"abstract":"Emotions are critical for humans, not only feeling and expressing them, but also reading the emotional expressions of others. For a long time, this ability was thought to be exclusive to people; however, there is now evidence that other animals also rely on emotion perception to guide their behaviour and to adjust their actions in such way as to guarantee success in their social groups. This is the case for domestic dogs, who have tremendously complex abilities to perceive the emotional expressions not only of their conspecifics but also of human beings. In this paper we discuss dogs' capacities to read human emotions. More than perception, though, are dogs able to use this emotional information in a functional way? Does reading emotional expressions allow them to live functional social lives? Dogs can respond functionally to emotional expressions and can use the emotional information they obtain from others during problem-solving, that is, acquiring information from faces and body postures allows them to make decisions. Here, we tackle questions related to the abilities of responding to and using emotional information from human expressions in a functional way and discuss how far dogs can go when reading our emotions.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"5 ","pages":"e2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10426098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10373306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Signatures of geography, climate and foliage on given names of baby girls. 女婴名字中的地理、气候和树叶特征。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-25 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.53

Raymond B Huey, Donald B Miles

引用次数: 0

Authority matters: propaganda and the coevolution of behaviour and attitudes. 权威很重要：宣传与行为和态度的共同演变。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-28 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.48

Sergey Gavrilets, Peter J Richerson

{"title":"Authority matters: propaganda and the coevolution of behaviour and attitudes.","authors":"Sergey Gavrilets, Peter J Richerson","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2022.48","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2022.48","url":null,"abstract":"Human decision-making is controlled by various factors including material cost-benefit considerations, values and beliefs, social influences, cognitive factors and errors. Among social influences, those by external authorities (e.g. educational, cultural, religious, political, administrative, etc.) are particularly important owing to their potential reach and power. To better understand the effects of 'soft' power of authorities we develop a unifying theoretical framework integrating material, cognitive and social forces controlling the joint dynamics of individual actions and beliefs. We apply our approach to three different phenomena: evolution of food sharing in small-scale societies, participation in political protests and effects of priming social identity in behavioural experiments. For each of these applications, we show that our approach leads to different (or simpler) explanations of human behaviour than alternatives. We highlight the type of measurements which can be helpful in developing practical applications of our approach. We identify and explicitly characterise the degree of mismatch between individual actions and attitudes. We assert that the effects of external authorities, of changing beliefs and of differences between people must be studied empirically, included in mathematical models, and accounted for when developing different policies aiming to modify or sustain human behaviour.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"4 ","pages":"e51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10426013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10374210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Why marry early? Parental influence, agency and gendered conflict in Tanzanian marriages. 为什么早婚？坦桑尼亚婚姻中的父母影响、代理和性别冲突。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-10-21 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.46

Jitihada Baraka, David W Lawson, Susan B Schaffnit, Joyce Wamoyi, Mark Urassa

{"title":"Why marry early? Parental influence, agency and gendered conflict in Tanzanian marriages.","authors":"Jitihada Baraka, David W Lawson, Susan B Schaffnit, Joyce Wamoyi, Mark Urassa","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2022.46","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2022.46","url":null,"abstract":"Global health interventions increasingly target the abolishment of 'child marriage' (marriage under 18 years, hereafter referred to as 'early marriage'). Guided by human behavioural ecology theory, and drawing on focus groups and in-depth interviews in an urbanising Tanzanian community where female early marriage is normative, we examine the common assumption that it is driven by the interests and coercive actions of parents and/or men. We find limited support for parent-offspring conflict. Parents often encouraged early marriages, but were motivated by the promise of social and economic security for daughters, rather than bridewealth transfers alone. Moreover, forced marriage appears rare, and adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) were active agents in the transition to marriage, sometimes marrying against parental wishes. Support for gendered conflict was stronger. AGYW were described as being lured into unstable relationships by men misrepresenting their long-term intentions. Community members voiced concerns over these marriages. Overall, early marriage appears rooted in limited options, encouraging strategic, but risky choices on the marriage market. Our results highlight plurality and context dependency in drivers of early marriage, even within a single community. We conclude that engaging with the importance of context is fundamental in forging culturally sensitive policies and programs on early marriage.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"4 ","pages":"e49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10426069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10076951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Managing the stresses of group-living in the transition to village life. 在向乡村生活过渡的过程中应对集体生活的压力。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-13 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.39

R I M Dunbar

引用次数: 0

Erratum: Marriage, bridewealth and power: critical reflections on women's autonomy across settings in Africa - CORRIGENDUM. 勘误：《婚姻、新婚财富与权力：对非洲不同环境下妇女自主权的批判性思考》 - CORRIGENDUM.

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-09-02 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.37

Constance Awinpoka Akurugu, Isaac Dery, Paul Bata Domanban

引用次数: 0

Is it good to be bad? An evolutionary analysis of the adaptive potential of psychopathic traits. 做坏人好吗？精神变态特质适应潜力的进化分析。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-11 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.36

Ioana Ene, Keri Ka-Yee Wong, Gul Deniz Salali

{"title":"Is it good to be bad? An evolutionary analysis of the adaptive potential of psychopathic traits.","authors":"Ioana Ene, Keri Ka-Yee Wong, Gul Deniz Salali","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2022.36","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2022.36","url":null,"abstract":"Although psychopathy is widely conceptualised as a mental disorder, some researchers question the maladaptive nature of psychopathy, and argue that it might be advantageous from an evolutionary point of view. According to this view, psychopathy can be seen as an evolutionary adaptative strategy that relies on deception and manipulation to gain short-term reproductive benefits. Psychopathy is also identified as a fast life strategy in response to early life stress and an adaptation to harsh environments. This paper investigates the evidence that psychopathic traits are adaptive, while also addressing the limitations of current evolutionary models of psychopathy based on frequency-dependent selection and life history theory. We review recent studies on the fitness correlates of psychopathy and find that psychopathic traits present potential adaptive trade-offs between fertility and mortality, and offspring quantity and quality. On a proximate level, individual differences in stress reactivity and environmental risk factors in early development predispose to psychopathy through gene-environment interactions. We propose that environmental, developmental, social and cultural factors can mediate the relationship between psychopathic traits and fitness and therefore should be considered to make accurate predictions on the adaptive potential of psychopathy. We end by outlining gaps in the literature and making recommendations for future evolutionary research on psychopathy.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"4 ","pages":"e37"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10426111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10018139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rates of ecological knowledge learning in Pemba, Tanzania: Implications for childhood evolution. 坦桑尼亚奔巴岛的生态知识学习率：对童年进化的影响。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-02 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.31

Ilaria Pretelli, Monique Borgerhoff Mulder, Richard McElreath

{"title":"Rates of ecological knowledge learning in Pemba, Tanzania: Implications for childhood evolution.","authors":"Ilaria Pretelli, Monique Borgerhoff Mulder, Richard McElreath","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2022.31","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2022.31","url":null,"abstract":"Humans live in diverse, complex niches where survival and reproduction are conditional on the acquisition of knowledge. Humans also have long childhoods, spending more than a decade before they become net producers. Whether the time needed to learn has been a selective force in the evolution of long human childhood is unclear, because there is little comparative data on the growth of ecological knowledge throughout childhood. We measured ecological knowledge at different ages in Pemba, Zanzibar (Tanzania), interviewing 93 children and teenagers between 4 and 26 years. We developed Bayesian latent-trait models to estimate individual knowledge and its association with age, activities, household family structure and education. In the studied population, children learn during the whole pre-reproductive period, but at varying rates, with the fastest increases in young children. Sex differences appear during middle childhood and are mediated by participation in different activities. In addition to providing a detailed empirical investigation of the relationship between knowledge acquisition and childhood, this study develops and documents computational improvements to the modelling of knowledge development.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"4 ","pages":"e34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5a/4f/S2513843X22000317a.PMC10426123.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10011202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Culture and group-functional punishment behaviour. 文化与群体功能性惩罚行为

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-01 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2022.32

Antonio M Espín, Pablo Brañas-Garza, Juan F Gamella, Benedikt Herrmann, Jesús Martín

{"title":"Culture and group-functional punishment behaviour.","authors":"Antonio M Espín, Pablo Brañas-Garza, Juan F Gamella, Benedikt Herrmann, Jesús Martín","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2022.32","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2022.32","url":null,"abstract":"Humans often 'altruistically' punish non-cooperators in one-shot interactions among genetically unrelated individuals. This poses an evolutionary puzzle because altruistic punishment enforces cooperation norms that benefit the whole group but is costly for the punisher. One key explanation is that punishment follows a social-benefits logic: it is eminently normative and group-functional (drawing on cultural group selection theories). In contrast, mismatch-based deterrence theory argues that punishment serves the individual-level function of deterring mistreatment of oneself and one's allies, hinging upon the evolved human coalitional psychology. We conducted multilateral-cooperation experiments with a sample of Spanish Romani people (Gitanos or Calé) and the non-Gitano majority. The Gitanos represent a unique case study because they rely heavily on close kin-based networks and display a strong ethnic identity. We find that Gitano non-cooperators were not punished by co-ethnics in only-Gitano (ethnically) homogeneous groups but were harshly punished by other Gitanos and by non-Gitanos in ethnically mixed groups. Our findings suggest the existence of culture-specific motives for punishment: Gitanos, especially males, appear to use punishment to protect their ethnic identity, whereas non-Gitanos use punishment to protect a norm of universal cooperation. Only theories that consider normative, group-functional forces underlying punishment behaviour can explain our data.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"4 ","pages":"e35"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10426100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10374205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0