Evolutionary Human Sciences最新文献_第4页

Religious parents receive more alloparental aid in rural Bangladesh. 在孟加拉国农村，有宗教信仰的父母得到更多的异族父母援助。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2025-12-12 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2025.10029

Theodore Samore, Richard Sosis, John Shaver, Radim Chvaja, Matthew Conrad, Anushe Hassan, Robert F Lynch, Susan Schaffnit, Laure Spake, Joseph Watts, Mary K Shenk, Rebecca Sear, Nurul Alam

{"title":"Religious parents receive more alloparental aid in rural Bangladesh.","authors":"Theodore Samore, Richard Sosis, John Shaver, Radim Chvaja, Matthew Conrad, Anushe Hassan, Robert F Lynch, Susan Schaffnit, Laure Spake, Joseph Watts, Mary K Shenk, Rebecca Sear, Nurul Alam","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2025.10029","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2025.10029","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers have long speculated about the evolutionary benefits of religiosity. One explanation for the evolution of religious ritual is that rituals signal commitment to co-religionists. As a major domain of prosocial behaviour, alloparental care - or care directed at children by non-parents - is a plausible benefit of religious signalling. The religious alloparenting hypothesis posits that parents who signal religious commitment receive greater alloparental support. Prior research on religiosity, cooperation, and allocare tends to treat individuals as isolated units, despite the inherent collective nature of religious cooperation. Here, we address this limitation in a survey-based study of 710 parents in rural Bangladesh. Instead of focusing only on mothers, we consider the interplay between both mothers and fathers in eliciting allocare, and leverage variation in the covertness of religious rituals to test a key mechanistic assumption linking religious ritual with cooperation. We find that parents who practice religious rituals more frequently receive greater alloparental support from co-religionists. This effect is moderated by parent gender, as well as variation in the visibility of religious rituals. Women's private practices positively affect only those alloparents with whom they share a household, whereas men's public practices positively affect alloparents more broadly.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"e5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12895441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146203111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Infant's thermal balance and the evolution of the human breast - a proof-of-concept study. 婴儿的热平衡和人类乳房的进化——一项概念验证研究。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2025-12-11 eCollection Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2025.10024

Tiina Kuvaja, Tiina Väre, Sirkka Rissanen, Hannu Rintamäki, Petri Lehenkari, Juho-Antti Junno

{"title":"Infant's thermal balance and the evolution of the human breast - a proof-of-concept study.","authors":"Tiina Kuvaja, Tiina Väre, Sirkka Rissanen, Hannu Rintamäki, Petri Lehenkari, Juho-Antti Junno","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2025.10024","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2025.10024","url":null,"abstract":"The distinct size and shape of breasts in women is a uniquely human trait. This trait has no conclusive explanation as it is not a requirement for milk production. Additionally, breasts are already enlarged at puberty, which is usually long before the first pregnancy. We hypothesized that the perennially enlarged human breasts were potentially developed to support infant's thermal balance by providing increased warming surface in skin-to-skin contact. To test the hypothesis, we measured breast surface temperature to explore their heating capacity and resilience to temperature changes in an environmental conditions laboratory. Volunteers, divided in groups of nursing women, non-nursing women, and men, were exposed to three temperatures: 32°C, 27°C, and 18°C. The exposure time in each temperature was 20 min. The changes in breast surface temperature were recorded by thermal imaging camera. Data were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis tests. Breastfeeding women had overall higher mammary surface temperature compared to other groups. Furthermore, nursing women had distinct resilience against cooling environment: they lost the average of 2.5°C of their mammary surface temperature, whereas other study groups lost 4.3°C and 4.7°C of surface temperature, respectively. This proof-of -concept study clearly indicated the potential of the nursing women's breasts to support infant's thermal balance.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"8 ","pages":"e3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12895438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146203132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do ostensive verbal signals have a unique importance when communicating with dogs? 在与狗狗交流时，明示性语言信号是否具有独特的重要性？

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2025-12-02 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2025.10031

Petra Dobos, Csenge Anna Lugosi, Péter Pongrácz

{"title":"Do ostensive verbal signals have a unique importance when communicating with dogs?","authors":"Petra Dobos, Csenge Anna Lugosi, Péter Pongrácz","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2025.10031","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2025.10031","url":null,"abstract":"Just like in human infants, ostensive verbal utterances can transform human actions into a natural teaching scenario for dogs. However, functional selection created 'independent' and 'cooperative' dog breeds with different dependence on human signals. We hypothesize that this could affect dogs' sensitivity towards verbal communication. We tested independent and cooperative breeds in the two-choice 'A-not-B paradigm'. The experimenter used either ostensive or neutral intonation speech while hiding the target. Based on the target's position, the trial order was A-A-B-B-A. Perseverative 'A-not-B' errors in Trial 3 are interpreted as learning the rule to look for the reward at location 'A'. From the near 100% success rate in Trials 1 and 2, each groups' performance dropped to chance level in Trial 3, except for cooperative dogs in the neutral speech condition. Independent dogs in the neutral speech condition paid the least attention to the experimenter. We conclude that perseverative errors can be either the consequence of rule-learning elicited by ostensive intonation or reverting to the 'win-stay' strategy, when independent dogs lost interest in watching where the experimenter exactly hid the reward. Functional selection could influence dogs' general attentiveness towards human communication; thus, neutral speech may have an underestimated relevance for cooperative dogs.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"7 ","pages":"e44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12722044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145828677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Erratum: Impediments to countering racist pseudoscience - CORRIGENDUM. 勘误：打击种族主义伪科学的障碍-勘误。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2025-11-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2025.10028

Kevin N Lala, Gillian Brown, Kalyani Twyman, Marcus W Feldman

引用次数: 0

Three evolutionary radiations shaped the evolution of global religious diversity. 三种进化辐射形成了全球宗教多样性的演变。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2025-11-17 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2025.10027

Anastasia Ejova, Oliver Sheehan, Remco Bouckaert, Simon J Greenhill, Jan Krátký, Silvie Kotherová, Jakub Cigán, Eva Kundtová Klocová, Radek Kundt, Joseph Watts, Joseph Bulbulia, Quentin D Atkinson, Russell D Gray

{"title":"Three evolutionary radiations shaped the evolution of global religious diversity.","authors":"Anastasia Ejova, Oliver Sheehan, Remco Bouckaert, Simon J Greenhill, Jan Krátký, Silvie Kotherová, Jakub Cigán, Eva Kundtová Klocová, Radek Kundt, Joseph Watts, Joseph Bulbulia, Quentin D Atkinson, Russell D Gray","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2025.10027","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2025.10027","url":null,"abstract":"Religious diversity has had profound consequences in human history, but the dynamics of how it evolves remain unclear. One unresolved question is the extent to which religious denominations accumulate gradually or are generated in rapid bursts associated with specific historical events. Anecdotal evidence tends to favour the second view, but quantitative evidence on a global scale is lacking. Phylogenetic methods that treat religious denominations as evolving lineages can help to resolve this question. Here we apply computational phylogenetic methods to a purpose-built data set documenting 291 religious denominations and their genealogical relationships to derive dated phylogenies of three families of world religions - Indo-Iranian, Islamic, and Judeo-Christian. We model the birth of new denominations along the branches of these phylogenies, test for shifts in the birth rate, and draw tentative links between the shifts we find and religious history. We find evidence for birth rate shifts in the Islamic and Judeo-Christian families, corresponding to at least three separate events that have shaped global religious diversity.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"7 ","pages":"e43"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12722058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145828695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A systematic review of the association between women's morphological traits and fertility. 女性形态特征与生育能力之间关系的系统综述。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2025-11-03 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2025.10026

Linda H Lidborg, Lynda G Boothroyd

{"title":"A systematic review of the association between women's morphological traits and fertility.","authors":"Linda H Lidborg, Lynda G Boothroyd","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2025.10026","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2025.10026","url":null,"abstract":"Typically feminine morphological traits in women include a neotenous facial structure with large eyes, full lips, and an oval face shape, and a curvaceous body with large breasts, a narrow waist, and full hips and buttocks. Compared to men, women also show higher second-to-fourth finger (2D:4D) ratios as well as less muscle mass, lower physical strength, and a higher voice pitch. Due to a putative association with oestrogen levels, feminine traits are often claimed to cue women's reproductive potential. However, the evidence for this is scarce and inconsistent, typically measuring proxies rather than actual fertility outcomes. Here, we report a systematic review of direct fertility measures as a function of morphological traits in women, including breast size, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), voice pitch, strength, and 2D:4D; no articles were found measuring facial femininity. The review included 19 articles comprising 68 effect sizes (31 samples from 16 countries; total N = 125,062). Our review showed that a less feminine WHR may cue past fertility, and a more feminine 2D:4D may be, at best, weakly associated with fertility. Overall, we conclude that the current evidence base is too weak to support the claim that women's feminine morphological traits are associated with reproductive potential.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"7 ","pages":"e42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12722052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145828682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Art beyond cognition: reframing Neanderthal art through social connectivity and cultural transmission. 超越认知的艺术：通过社会联系和文化传播重构尼安德特人艺术。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2025-10-27 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2025.10023

Larissa Straffon, Claudio Tennie

{"title":"Art beyond cognition: reframing Neanderthal art through social connectivity and cultural transmission.","authors":"Larissa Straffon, Claudio Tennie","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2025.10023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ehs.2025.10023","url":null,"abstract":"Despite growing consensus that cognitive differences between Neanderthals and modern humans were not as significant as once assumed, visual art remains disproportionately associated with Homo sapiens. This paper explores why that is. Rather than appealing to underlying cognition, we argue that early art was pushed and pulled by social dynamics and demographic contexts on a larger scale and eventually formed through cultural transmission. Drawing on the archaeological record, we focus on pigment use, ornamentation, engravings and painting. We suggest that these practices initially remained ad hoc while still functioning as tools for social signalling and intergroup communication in the small-scale communities of Neanderthals and early modern humans. We argue that visual art moved beyond ad hoc practices under conditions of increased population density and interaction - first via the crystallization of art as a tradition and second, as cumulative cultural art. Lack of cognitive ability is not a well-supported explanation for the empirical low frequency of Neanderthal art. Instead, we propose effects of differences in social connectivity and population densities as an alternative. By reframing art as a flexible, context-dependent behaviour, we challenge essentialist models and advocate for a pluralistic view of cognitive and cultural expression across different hominin groups.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"7 ","pages":"e38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12645322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145640734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The fitness costs and benefits of hunter-gatherer locomotor engagement. 狩猎-采集者运动参与的健身成本和收益。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2025-10-27 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2025.10025

George Brill, Mark Dyble

{"title":"The fitness costs and benefits of hunter-gatherer locomotor engagement.","authors":"George Brill, Mark Dyble","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2025.10025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ehs.2025.10025","url":null,"abstract":"Bipedalism is a distinguishing feature of our species and, as such, there has been much interest in the energetic costs and foraging returns of walking and running, especially among hunter-gatherer societies. However, humans routinely exhibit extensive locomotor versatility, with hunter-gatherers consistently also swimming, diving, and climbing. Additionally, the fitness costs and benefits of locomotion extend well beyond energy income and expenditure. Here, we review evidence from over 900 ethnographic documents across a worldwide sample of more than 50 hunter-gatherer societies to examine the fitness costs and benefits of walking, running, climbing, swimming, and diving. We show that the fitness costs and benefits of locomotor engagement consistently extend well beyond energetics to include, for example, currencies of status, protection from hazards, and risks of injury or death. These fitness factors differ in significance between locomotor modalities, with implications for the comparison of bipedal and non-bipedal locomotion. For example, while energetic demands represent the major cost of most bipedal engagements, the fitness implications of potential fall injuries may outweigh those of energetics in tree climbing. These results inform existing debates relating to hominin locomotor evolution and hunter-gatherer behavioural ecology.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"7 ","pages":"e36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12645331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145640829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Object play in Tsimane children: implications for sex-specific division of labour. 提斯曼儿童的客体游戏：性别分工的含义。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2025-10-23 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2025.10022

Ava Moser, Michael D Gurven, Hillard Kaplan, Benjamin Trumble, Jonathan Stieglitz, Paul Hooper, Daniel Cummings, Adrian Jaeggi, Kathelijne Koops

{"title":"Object play in Tsimane children: implications for sex-specific division of labour.","authors":"Ava Moser, Michael D Gurven, Hillard Kaplan, Benjamin Trumble, Jonathan Stieglitz, Paul Hooper, Daniel Cummings, Adrian Jaeggi, Kathelijne Koops","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2025.10022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ehs.2025.10022","url":null,"abstract":"Sex-specific division of labour and the associated use of different subsistence techniques by males (e.g. hunting) and females (e.g. gathering) has played an important role in shaping human societies. Skills needed in adulthood are practiced in play during childhood and object play has been proposed to foster tool-use skills necessary for adult subsistence techniques. Here, we investigated sex differences in the ontogeny of object play in Tsimane children in Bolivia to understand its potential role in shaping gender-specific adult roles. We used observational data (>80,000 scan samples) from nine Tsimane communities collected between 2002 and 2007. We analysed age and sex differences in general play, object play, and object types. Our results show that both general play and object play peaked in early to middle childhood (3.5-7.5 years of age), with boys spending more time playing. Moreover, boys engaged more with objects related to male-specific roles (e.g. hunting tools), while girls played more with objects related to female-specific roles (e.g. cooking tools). Our findings suggest that object play serves as an adaptive, culturally embedded pathway to develop gender-specific adult skills. Studying developmental patterns of object play across human cultures enriches our understanding of the evolutionary contexts shaping divisions of labour.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"7 ","pages":"e37"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12645321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145640832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Major transitions in sociocultural evolution. 社会文化演变中的重大转变。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2025-10-10 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2025.10021

Arsham Nejad Kourki

引用次数: 0