Evolutionary Human Sciences最新文献_第3页

Methods in causal inference. Part 3: measurement error and external validity threats. 因果推断方法。第 3 部分：测量误差和外部有效性威胁。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.33

Joseph A Bulbulia

{"title":"Methods in causal inference. Part 3: measurement error and external validity threats.","authors":"Joseph A Bulbulia","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2024.33","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2024.33","url":null,"abstract":"The human sciences should seek generalisations wherever possible. For ethical and scientific reasons, it is desirable to sample more broadly than 'Western, educated, industrialised, rich, and democratic' (WEIRD) societies. However, restricting the target population is sometimes necessary; for example, young children should not be recruited for studies on elderly care. Under which conditions is unrestricted sampling desirable or undesirable? Here, we use causal diagrams to clarify the structural features of measurement error bias and target population restriction bias (or 'selection restriction'), focusing on threats to valid causal inference that arise in comparative cultural research. We define any study exhibiting such biases, or confounding biases, as weird (wrongly estimated inferences owing to inappropriate restriction and distortion). We explain why statistical tests such as configural, metric and scalar invariance cannot address the structural biases of weird studies. Overall, we examine how the workflows for causal inference provide the necessary preflight checklists for ambitious, effective and safe comparative cultural research.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"e42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11588564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expanding the causal menu: An interventionist perspective on explaining human behavioural evolution. 扩大因果菜单：解释人类行为进化的干预主义视角。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.27

Ronald J Planer, Ross Pain

引用次数: 0

Methods in causal inference. Part 4: confounding in experiments. 因果推理的方法。第四部分：实验中的混淆。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-27 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.34

Joseph A Bulbulia

引用次数: 0

Methods in causal inference. Part 1: causal diagrams and confounding. 因果推断方法。第 1 部分：因果图和混杂。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-27 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.35

Joseph A Bulbulia

引用次数: 0

Kin selection as a modulator of human handedness: sex-specific, parental and parent-of-origin effects. 亲属选择是人类手性的调节器：性别特异性、父母和原生父母的影响。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-08-27 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.24

Bing Dong, Silvia Paracchini, Andy Gardner

{"title":"Kin selection as a modulator of human handedness: sex-specific, parental and parent-of-origin effects.","authors":"Bing Dong, Silvia Paracchini, Andy Gardner","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2024.24","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2024.24","url":null,"abstract":"The frequency of left-handedness in humans is ~10% worldwide and slightly higher in males than females. Twin and family studies estimate the heritability of human handedness at around 25%. The low but substantial frequency of left-handedness has been suggested to imply negative frequency-dependent selection, e.g. owing to a 'surprise' advantage of left-handers in combat against opponents more used to fighting right-handers. Because such game-theoretic hypotheses involve social interaction, here we perform an analysis of the evolution of handedness based on kin-selection, which is understood to play a major role in the evolution of social behaviour generally. We show that: (1) relatedness modulates the balance of right-handedness vs. left-handedness, according to whether left-handedness is marginally selfish vs. marginally altruistic; (2) sex differences in relatedness to social partners may drive sex differences in handedness; (3) differential relatedness of parents and offspring may generate parent-offspring conflict and sexual conflict leading to the evolution of maternal and paternal genetic effects in relation to handedness; and (4) differential relatedness of maternal-origin vs. paternal-origin genes may generate intragenomic conflict leading to the evolution of parent-of-origin-specific gene effects - such as 'genomic imprinting' - and associated maladaptation.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"e32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of mating effort and co-residence history in step-grandparental investment. 交配努力和共同居住历史在继祖父母投资中的作用。

IF 2.6

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-16 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.17

Jenni E Pettay, David A Coall, Mirkka Danielsbacka, Antti O Tanskanen

{"title":"The role of mating effort and co-residence history in step-grandparental investment.","authors":"Jenni E Pettay, David A Coall, Mirkka Danielsbacka, Antti O Tanskanen","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2024.17","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2024.17","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of divorce in both parental and grandparental generations has led to a rise in the number of children who now have families that include both biological and step-grandparents. Despite the thorough examination of biological grandparents' contributions in the recent literature, there remains a scarcity of studies focusing on the investment of step-grandparents. Using population-based data from a sample of 2494 parents in Germany, we assessed grandparental investment through financial support and assistance with childcare of grandparents (N = 4238) and step-grandparents (N = 486). The study revealed that step-grandparents provided lower levels of investment in their grandchildren compared with biological grandparents. Furthermore, the study identified that a longer duration of co-residence between step-grandparents and parents earlier in life did not correspond to an increase or decrease in step-grandparental investment. However, investment by separated biological grandparents increased with the increasing length of co-residence with parents. In line with the scarce literature on step-grandparental investment, these findings indicate that mating effort may be the most important motivation for step-grandparental investment.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"e27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11106544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141076951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The floating duck syndrome: biased social learning leads to effort-reward imbalances. 浮鸭综合症：偏颇的社会学习导致努力-回报失衡。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-29 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.20

Erol Akçay, Ryotaro Ohashi

{"title":"The floating duck syndrome: biased social learning leads to effort-reward imbalances.","authors":"Erol Akçay, Ryotaro Ohashi","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2024.20","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2024.20","url":null,"abstract":"An increasingly common phenomenon in modern work and school settings is individuals taking on too many tasks and spending effort without commensurate rewards. Such an imbalance of efforts and rewards leads to myriad negative consequences, such as burnout, anxiety and disease. Here, we develop a model to explain how such effort-reward imbalances can come about as a result of biased social learning dynamics. Our model is based on a phenomenon that on some US college campuses is called 'the floating duck syndrome'. This phrase refers to the social pressure on individuals to advertise their successes but hide the struggles and the effort put in to achieve them. We show that a bias against revealing the true effort results in social learning dynamics that lead others to underestimate the difficulty of the world. This in turn leads individuals to both invest too much total effort and spread this effort over too many activities, reducing the success rate from each activity and creating effort-reward imbalances. We also consider potential ways to counteract the floating duck effect: we find that solutions other than addressing the root cause, biased observation of effort, are unlikely to work.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"e30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11362996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142113002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dyadic inter-group cooperation in shotgun hunting activities in a Congo Basin village. 刚果盆地村庄猎枪狩猎活动中的群体间合作。

IF 2.6

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-01 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.14

Vidrige H Kandza, Haneul Jang, Francy Kiabiya Ntamboudila, Sheina Lew-Levy, Adam H Boyette

{"title":"Dyadic inter-group cooperation in shotgun hunting activities in a Congo Basin village.","authors":"Vidrige H Kandza, Haneul Jang, Francy Kiabiya Ntamboudila, Sheina Lew-Levy, Adam H Boyette","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2024.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ehs.2024.14","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the dynamics of inter-group cooperation in human adaptation has been the subject of recent empirical and theoretical studies in evolutionary anthropology, beginning to fill gaps in our knowledge of how interactions across political, economic and social domains can - and often do - lead to stable, large-scale cooperation. Here we investigate dyadic intergroup cooperation in shotgun hunting in the Republic of the Congo. In the Congo Basin, inter-group cooperation between foragers and farmers is at the centre of an exchange system maintained by traditional norms and institutions such as fictive kinship. Here, we focused on what factors predict cooperative shotgun hunting exchanges between BaYaka and Yambe. We conducted structured interviews with 48 BaYaka hunters and 18 Yambe men who organise hunts in a village along the Motaba River. We used Bayesian multilevel regression models to investigate the influence of Yambe and BaYaka attributes on probability of dyadic cooperation. We found that BaYaka men's reputations as skilled hunters and their family size each predicted cooperation in shotgun hunting, whereas there was no effect of Yambe attributes (status, wealth, family size). We discuss the results in terms of evolutionary models of men as hunters and inter-group cooperation, as well as biodiversity conservation implications.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"e22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11058523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140867637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-cousin marriage among Tsimane forager-horticulturalists during demographic transition and market integration. 人口结构转型和市场一体化期间齐马内狩猎园艺家的跨堂兄妹婚姻。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-26 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.11

Arianna Dalzero, Bret A Beheim, Hillard Kaplan, Jonathan Stieglitz, Paul L Hooper, Cody T Ross, Michael Gurven, Dieter Lukas

{"title":"Cross-cousin marriage among Tsimane forager-horticulturalists during demographic transition and market integration.","authors":"Arianna Dalzero, Bret A Beheim, Hillard Kaplan, Jonathan Stieglitz, Paul L Hooper, Cody T Ross, Michael Gurven, Dieter Lukas","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2024.11","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2024.11","url":null,"abstract":"Although still prevalent in many human societies, the practice of cousin marriage has precipitously declined in populations undergoing rapid demographic and socioeconomic change. However, it is still unclear whether changes in the structure of the marriage pool or changes in the fitness-relevant consequences of cousin marriage more strongly influence the frequency of cousin marriage. Here, we use genealogical data collected by the Tsimane Health and Life History Project to show that there is a small but measurable decline in the frequency of first cross-cousin marriage since the mid-twentieth century. Such changes are linked to concomitant changes in the pool of potential spouses in recent decades. We find only very modest differences in fitness-relevant demographic measures between first cousin and non-cousin marriages. These differences have been diminishing as the Tsimane have become more market integrated. The factors that influence preferences for cousin marriage appear to be less prevalent now than in the past, but cultural inertia might slow the pace of change in marriage norms. Overall, our findings suggest that cultural changes in marriage practices reflect underlying societal changes that shape the pool of potential spouses.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"e18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10988167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140858351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Why cultural distance can promote - or impede - group-beneficial outcomes. 为什么文化距离会促进或阻碍对群体有益的结果？

IF 2.6

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-03-11 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.8

Bret Alexander Beheim, Adrian Viliami Bell

{"title":"Why cultural distance can promote - or impede - group-beneficial outcomes.","authors":"Bret Alexander Beheim, Adrian Viliami Bell","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2024.8","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2024.8","url":null,"abstract":"Quantifying the distance between cultural groups has received substantial recent interest. A key innovation, borrowed from population genetics, is the calculation of cultural FST (CFST) statistics on datasets of human culture. Measuring the variance between groups as a fraction of total variance, FST is theoretically important in additive models of cooperation. Consistent with this, recent empirical work has confirmed that high values of pairwise CFST (measuring cultural distance) strongly predict unwillingness to cooperate with strangers in coordination vignettes. As applications for CFST increase, however, there is greater need to understand its meaning in naturalistic situations beyond additive cooperation. Focusing on games with both positive and negative frequency dependence and high-diversity, mixed equilibria, we derive a simple relationship between FST and the evolution of group-beneficial traits across a broad spectrum of social interactions. Contrary to standard assumptions, this model shows why FST can have both positive and negative marginal effects on the spread of group-beneficial traits under certain realistic conditions. These results provide broader theoretical direction for empirical applications of CFST in the evolutionary study of culture.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"e14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10955364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140185899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0