Evolutionary Human Sciences最新文献_第3页

Norm reinforcement, not conformity or environmental factors, is predicted to sustain cultural variation. 规范强化，而不是从众或环境因素，被预测维持文化差异。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-12-03 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.23

Mason L Manning, Bill Thompson, Thomas J H Morgan

{"title":"Norm reinforcement, not conformity or environmental factors, is predicted to sustain cultural variation.","authors":"Mason L Manning, Bill Thompson, Thomas J H Morgan","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2024.23","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2024.23","url":null,"abstract":"The maintenance of cross-cultural variation and arbitrary traditions in human populations is a key question in cultural evolution. Conformist transmission, the tendency to follow the majority, was previously considered central to this phenomenon. However, recent theory indicates that cognitive biases can greatly reduce its ability to maintain traditions. Therefore, we expanded prior models to investigate two other ways that cultural variation can be sustained: payoff-biased transmission and norm reinforcement. Our findings predict that both payoff-biased transmission and reinforcement can enhance conformist transmission's ability to maintain traditions. However, payoff-biased transmission can only sustain cultural variation if it is functionally related to environmental factors. In contrast, norm reinforcement readily generates and maintains arbitrary cultural variation. Furthermore, reinforcement results in path-dependent cultural dynamics, meaning that historical traditions influence current practices, even though group behaviours have changed. We conclude that environmental variation probably plays a role in functional cultural traditions, but arbitrary cultural variation is more plausibly due to the reinforcement of norm compliance.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"e49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11658947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Group-level signatures in bonobo sociality. 倭黑猩猩社会中的群体特征。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-21 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.44

Edwin J C van Leeuwen, Nicky Staes, Marcel Eens, Jeroen M G Stevens

{"title":"Group-level signatures in bonobo sociality.","authors":"Edwin J C van Leeuwen, Nicky Staes, Marcel Eens, Jeroen M G Stevens","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2024.44","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2024.44","url":null,"abstract":"Humans show remarkable differences in social behaviour between families, groups, communities and cultures, whereas such group-level within-species variation in socio-behavioural propensities is typically overlooked in other species. Studies on intraspecific variation in animal social structures are needed to inform an evolutionary account of human sociality. Here, we study multiple independent bonobo populations (n = 6) in zoological settings to investigate if and how bonobos (n = 70) show group-specific signatures in sociality. By applying tailored Bayesian statistical methods, we find that beyond individual and dyadic variation, the groups substantially differ from each other in core dimensions of great ape sociality: social proximity, grooming and play. Moreover, the groups' network structures are distinct regarding cohesiveness and clustering, with some groups forming cohesive wholes, while others showcasing high levels of sub-grouping. Overall, while there is consistent evidence of differences in sociality between the groups, the patterns of cohesiveness and clustering are not consistent across the networks. This suggests that rather than groups having different levels of sociality, different patterns of sociality exist in each group. These findings warrant caution with characterising bonobos' behavioural phenotype at the species level, and identify an essential source of variation that needs to be integrated in phylogenetic analyses.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"e48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11660378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evidence that cultural groups differ in their abilities to detect fake accents. 有证据表明，不同文化群体识别假口音的能力各不相同。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-20 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.36

Jonathan R Goodman, Enrico Crema, Francis Nolan, Emma Cohen, Robert A Foley

引用次数: 0

Alcohol consumption, life history and extinction risk among Raute hunter-gatherers from Nepal. 尼泊尔劳特狩猎采集者的饮酒、生活史和灭绝风险

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-11 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.42

Inez Derkx, Gina Menn, Sudarshan Subedi, Nagendra Upadhyaya, Prajwal Rajbhandari, Anita Gyawali, Ruth Mace, Jaume Bertranpetit, Lucio Vinicius, Andrea Bamberg Migliano

{"title":"Alcohol consumption, life history and extinction risk among Raute hunter-gatherers from Nepal.","authors":"Inez Derkx, Gina Menn, Sudarshan Subedi, Nagendra Upadhyaya, Prajwal Rajbhandari, Anita Gyawali, Ruth Mace, Jaume Bertranpetit, Lucio Vinicius, Andrea Bamberg Migliano","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2024.42","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2024.42","url":null,"abstract":"Hunter-gatherer populations underwent a mass extinction in the Neolithic, and in present times face challenges such as explicit sedentarisation policies. An exception is in Nepal, where the nomadic Raute people receive monthly governmental individual payments. One consequence of the money transfers has been a significant increase in alcohol consumption, with nearly all individuals drinking industrially produced alcohol. Here we investigate the Raute demography based on a full census of 144 individuals. We show that the Raute exhibit the short life expectancies typical of other hunter-gatherer populations from Africa, Asia and America. Bayesian survival trajectory analysis demonstrated that heavy drinking by either parent substantially reduces offspring survival to age 15. Bayesian regressions revealed a significant effect of heavy drinking on maternal fertility by decreasing the number of living children and reducing the proportion of live children at the end of maternal reproductive life. Although the absence of data prior to monetary support precludes a direct assessment of long-term demographic trends, relatively stable population sizes over the last decades and a fertility rate close to the replacement rate rule out an imminent population crash. Further studies are required to elucidate the Rautes' origins and relationship with other nomadic people in the region.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"e45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11658931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Millets, dogs, pigs and permanent settlement: productivity transitions in Neolithic northern China. 黍、狗、猪与永久定居：新石器时代华北地区的生产力转型。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-11 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.31

Chris J Stevens, Yijie Zhuang, Dorian Q Fuller

{"title":"Millets, dogs, pigs and permanent settlement: productivity transitions in Neolithic northern China.","authors":"Chris J Stevens, Yijie Zhuang, Dorian Q Fuller","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2024.31","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2024.31","url":null,"abstract":"The transition to sedentary agricultural societies in northern China fuelled considerable demographic growth from 5000 to 2000 BC. In this article, we draw together archaeobotanical, zooarchaeological and bioarchaeological data and explore the relationship between several aspects of this transition, with an emphasis on the millet-farming productivity during the Yangshao period and how it facilitated changes in animal husbandry and consolidation of sedentism. We place the period of domestication (the evolution of non-shattering, initial grain size increase and panicle development) between 8300 and 4300 BC. The domestication and post-domestication of foxtail (Setaria italica) and broomcorn (Panicum miliaceum) millet increased their productivity substantially, with much greater rate of change than for rice (Oryza sativa). However, millets are significantly less productive per hectare than wet rice farming, a point reflected in the greater geographical expanse of northern Neolithic millet cultures (5000-3000 BC) in comparison with their Yangtze rice-growing counterparts. The domestication of pigs in the Yellow River region is evidenced by changes in their morphology after 6000 BC, and a transition to a millet-based diet c. 4500-3500 BC. Genetic data and isotopic data from dogs indicate a similar dietary transition from 6000 to 4000 BC, leading to new starch-consuming dog breeds. Significant population increase associated with agricultural transitions arose predominately from the improvement of these crops and animals following domestication, leading to the formation of the first proto-urban centres and the demic-diffusion of millet agriculture beyond central northern China between 4300-2000 BC.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"e44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11658956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A gene-culture co-evolutionary perspective on the puzzle of human twinship. 从基因-文化共同进化的角度看人类双胞胎之谜。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-11-11 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.30

Augusto Dalla Ragione, Cody T Ross, Daniel Redhead

{"title":"A gene-culture co-evolutionary perspective on the puzzle of human twinship.","authors":"Augusto Dalla Ragione, Cody T Ross, Daniel Redhead","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2024.30","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2024.30","url":null,"abstract":"Natural selection should favour litter sizes that optimise trade-offs between brood-size and offspring viability. Across the primate order, the modal litter size is one, suggesting a deep history of selection favouring minimal litters in primates. Humans, however - despite having the longest juvenile period and slowest life-history of all primates - still produce twin births at appreciable rates, even though such births are costly. This presents an evolutionary puzzle. Why is twinning still expressed in humans despite its cost? More puzzling still is the discordance between the principal explanations for human twinning and extant empirical data. Such explanations propose that twinning is regulated by phenotypic plasticity in polyovulation, permitting the production of larger sib sets if and when resources are abundant. However, comparative data suggest that twinning rates are actually highest in poorer economies and lowest in richer, more developed economies. We propose that a historical dynamic of gene-culture co-evolution might better explain this geographic patterning. Our explanation distinguishes geminophilous and geminophobic cultural contexts, as those celebrating twins (e.g. through material support) and those hostile to twins (e.g. through sanction of twin-infanticide). Geminophilous institutions, in particular, may buffer the fitness cost associated with twinning, potentially reducing selection pressures against polyovulation. We conclude by synthesising a mathematical and empirical research programme that might test our ideas.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"e47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11588562/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Infant-carrying mechanisms in a natural environment: the case of Qashqai nomad. 自然环境中的婴儿携带机制：卡什卡伊游牧民的案例。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-30 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.25

Zohreh Anvari, Gilles Berillon, Kristiaan D'Août, Dominique Grimaud-Hervé, Mahtab Rezaei

{"title":"Infant-carrying mechanisms in a natural environment: the case of Qashqai nomad.","authors":"Zohreh Anvari, Gilles Berillon, Kristiaan D'Août, Dominique Grimaud-Hervé, Mahtab Rezaei","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2024.25","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2024.25","url":null,"abstract":"Infant carrying and more generally load carrying may impact bipedal locomotion and thus the energy cost of the daily activities, in living people but also in our ancestors. In order to improve our knowledge of infant carrying strategies we investigate the biomechanics of infant carrying in a non-mechanised group. The Qashqai are nomadic people who still carry loads and infants habitually without any daily assistance in varied natural environments. Our analysis focuses on the sagittal kinematics using a high-speed camera (joint angles, speed, position of the centre of mass) and kinetics (ground reaction forces and displacement of the centre of mass) using a six-degree of freedom force plate. We assessed the unloaded and loaded (infant) walking of 26 Qashqai women, living in the Fars province (Iran). The results demonstrate that different mechanisms of walking exist that are related to the mode of carrying and the weight of the infant, by which step length, walking speed and the lower limb angles are not affected. The displacement of the total centre of mass remains unchanged. This supports the hypothesis that the Qashqai have developed mechanisms of load carrying that limit the increase in energy consumption. This could be related to the usual high level of daily activity.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"e36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11588558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reputation-surveillance model of mate guarding: community size and religious veiling. 配偶保护的声誉监督模型：社区规模和宗教面纱。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-30 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.40

Farid Pazhoohi

{"title":"Reputation-surveillance model of mate guarding: community size and religious veiling.","authors":"Farid Pazhoohi","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2024.40","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2024.40","url":null,"abstract":"The mate guarding theory of conservative clothing posits that veiling reduces women's physical allure and sexual attractiveness, thereby diminishing men's attraction towards them and deterring potential rivals for a woman's partner. This theory argues that the importance of veiling is influenced by ecological factors in a way that it is of higher importance to control women's sexuality in harsher environments to secure paternal investment. A prediction of this theory is that the importance of veiling should be influenced by community size, where individuals' reputations, specifically men's, might have different weightings, and their perceived sense of controlling a partner's activity may differ. Using pre-existing data from seven countries encompassing over 9000 individuals, the current study explored the association of town size and importance of veiling for women. Results showed a U-shaped relationship where in small towns and large cities, individuals, specifically men, give more importance to the veiling of women. This finding not only has multiple implications in terms of the effect of community size on male policing behaviours of women and sexual restrictions, but it also might point to a wider relationship regarding the association of community size and moral values.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"e37"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11588552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142733279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Socioeconomic status and sex ratio in the contemporary Hungarian population. 当代匈牙利人口的社会经济地位和性别比例。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-30 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.39

Fanni Sarkadi, Eszter Szász, Balázs Rosivall

{"title":"Socioeconomic status and sex ratio in the contemporary Hungarian population.","authors":"Fanni Sarkadi, Eszter Szász, Balázs Rosivall","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2024.39","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2024.39","url":null,"abstract":"According to the Trivers-Willard hypothesis (TWH), when the mother's condition around conception influences the future reproductive success of male and female offspring differently, the adjustment of offspring sex ratio (SR) to maternal condition will increase the parents' fitness. The TWH has been tested in several taxa, including humans where socioeconomic status as an index of condition has been widely used. The results are inconsistent, possibly because the preconditions of the TWH are not always met. To investigate the preconditions and prediction of the TWH in the contemporary Hungarian population, we collected data by an online questionnaire on self-perceived childhood living standard, the number of children and the sex of the respondents' siblings. We found no sex-specific relationship between reproductive success and childhood living standards, thus the precondition of the TWH was not met. We found no relationship between socioeconomic status and offspring SR when data from the whole country was used, but there was a tendency in the predicted direction when we used data from Budapest and considered the SR of only those family members who were born under similar conditions. Similar approaches should be preferred in the future to avoid noise caused by changing status during the reproductive lifespan.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"e38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11658934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coevolution of norm psychology and cooperation through exapted conformity. 规范心理的共同进化和通过外显一致性进行的合作。

IF 2.2

Evolutionary Human Sciences Pub Date : 2024-10-24 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1017/ehs.2024.37

Yuta Kido, Masanori Takezawa

{"title":"Coevolution of norm psychology and cooperation through exapted conformity.","authors":"Yuta Kido, Masanori Takezawa","doi":"10.1017/ehs.2024.37","DOIUrl":"10.1017/ehs.2024.37","url":null,"abstract":"People willingly follow norms and values, often incurring material costs. This behaviour supposedly stems from evolved norm psychology, contributing to large-scale cooperation among humans. It has been argued that cooperation is influenced by two types of norms: injunctive and descriptive. This study theoretically explores the socialisation of humans under these norms. Our agent-based model simulates scenarios where diverse agents with heterogeneous norm psychologies engage in collective action to maximise their utility functions that capture three motives: gaining material payoff, following injunctive and descriptive norms. Multilevel selective pressure drives the evolution of norm psychology that affects the utility function. Further, we develop a model with exapted conformity, assuming selective advantage for descriptive norm psychology. We show that norm psychology can evolve via cultural group selection. We then identify two normative conditions that favour the evolution of norm psychology, and therefore cooperation: injunctive norms promoting punitive behaviour and descriptive norms. Furthermore, we delineate different characteristics of cooperative societies under these two conditions and explore the potential for a macro transition between them. Together, our results validate the emergence of large-scale cooperative societies through social norms and suggest complementary roles that conformity and punishment play in human prosociality.","PeriodicalId":36414,"journal":{"name":"Evolutionary Human Sciences","volume":"6 ","pages":"e35"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11503932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142509686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0