African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research最新文献

{"title":"Foreign Policy: Character of Nigeria’s President in Foreign Relationship (Case of Dr. Goodluck Ebele Jonathan)","authors":"Faruk Abdullahi","doi":"10.52589/ajsshr-zxs7dsen","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajsshr-zxs7dsen","url":null,"abstract":"This piece of write-up is aimed at examining whether or not Nigeria’s foreign policy under former President Goodluck Jonathan contributed to improving the image of Nigeria globally. The study reveals that Nigeria’s foreign policy over the years has been greatly sabotaged by inconsistencies and ambiguities. The study also shows that more than external challenges, it is the internal challenges that are dampening Nigeria’s attainment of positive international image and national transformation. Some of those challenges include leadership crisis, corruption, insurgency and terrorism amongst others. It is therefore recommended that major reorganization of the foreign services, such that positions in the diplomatic corps and other key positions will no longer be politicized and the government should integrate professional international public relations practitioners in its interactions with the international community at large, in order to effectively boost the global image of Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":363531,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122831519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Referral Counselling Method and Financial Counselling Method","authors":"O. Oyeyipo","doi":"10.52589/ajsshr-cj2a8h0o","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajsshr-cj2a8h0o","url":null,"abstract":"This study sought to reappraise the study Referral counselling method and financial counselling method among mothers in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study was purely a sampling and purposive sampling technique. The questionnaire called (SMCQ) was the instrument used for data collection. The instrument was subjected to face validity by one expert in Guidance and Counselling and two experts in measurement and evaluation in the Faculty of Education, University of Calabar. The reliability estimate of the instrument was established through the Cronbach Alfa reliability method. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was the statistical analysis technique adopted to test the hypotheses under study. All hypotheses were subjected to testing at a .05 level of significance. The study showed that women whose referral counselling method were low were significantly different in their safe motherhood practices among women of reproductive age from those whose referral counselling method was either moderate or high. Also, women whose referral counselling method was moderate were significantly different from those who were high in safe motherhood practices among women of reproductive age. From the data analysis, the researcher found that: referral counselling methods and financial counselling methods significantly influence safe motherhood practices among women of reproductive age. The financial counselling method had a significant influence on safe motherhood practices among women of reproductive age, a post hoc analysis was employed using Fishers’ Least Significant Difference (LSD) multiple comparison analysis. Based on the findings of the study the researcher recommended among others that disrespectful treatment of mother would discourage them from taking counselling classes and practising safe motherhood and the researcher suggest that perhaps maternal referral counselling usage is low because of the delays mothers encounter in the facilities in the facilities they are referred.","PeriodicalId":363531,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132693551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnic Diversity and Democratic Governance in Nigeria: A Consociational Perspective","authors":"Samuel B.K., Deinibiteim M.H.","doi":"10.52589/ajsshr-2h3f3ph3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajsshr-2h3f3ph3","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored the relationship between ethnic diversity/plurality and democratic governance in Nigeria. Nigeria has over 300 different ethnic groups, with diverse beliefs, customs, traditions and norms. These diversities have threatened the unity of the country and the system of governance. Political rivalry among the different ethnic groups substantially hampers the institutionalization of democratic governance in the country. Efforts at accommodating the ethnic groups in governance processes by successive administrations have not yielded significant results, hence threat of secession by some ethnic groups. The result of these threats in the country is the lack of harmony and/or cohesion in the polity, particularly in the areas of national identity and unity of purpose. Therefore, the main objective of the paper is to demonstrate that ethnic plurality does not necessarily negate democratic governance in a society. The study adopted the Consociational Democratic Theory to analyze the imperative for national unity cohesion, peace and harmony among the different ethnic nationalities under a democratic system of governance. The study used mainly secondary data, related to ethnic diversity/plurality, democratic governance and the politics of accommodation for harmonious national development. The study revealed that tension in the polity is attributable to the different ethnic groups struggle to capture and/or maintain state power for the benefit of mainly people from the leader’s ethnic group and/or region. This has increasingly made people of the different ethnic extractions clamour for “one of their own” to occupy the seat of power at federal, state and/or local government levels. The paper concluded that for Nigeria to make progress and achieve oneness of purpose under a democratic administration, there must be sincere accommodation of all ethnic groups in the governance process. The paper recommended, among other things, that leaders should live above ethnic biases in the discharge of their duties and responsibilities; there is a need to create sustainable national consciousness and identity among Nigerians in order to reduce ethnic rivalry in the country to the barest minimum.","PeriodicalId":363531,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115223861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electoral Violence and Political Instability in Nigeria: Implication for National Cohesion","authors":"Deinibiteim M.H., Samuel B.K.","doi":"10.52589/ajsshr-glpefe3g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajsshr-glpefe3g","url":null,"abstract":"Nigeria had her first election in 1922 under the Clifford’s Constitution. Since then, under different dispensations, elections are held to fill various positions in both the legislative and executive arms of government. Elections in Nigeria are largely characterized with violence leading to loss of lives and wanton destruction of properties. Also, political parties are adorned with ethnic and regional colouration. Consequently, voters are largely ethnically and regionally biased in an attempt to put into office “one of their own.” This is the principal basis for the widespread electoral violence witnessed since independence in 1960. Successive governments have made frantic efforts to de-ethnicize and de-regionalize political contests and consequently achieve violence free and credible elections, particularly since the commencement of the Fourth Republic. These efforts have not achieved much in terms of stemming the occurrence of electoral violence. The corollary is fragmentation of the polity along ethno-religious and regional lines, thereby creating political instability and attendant inhibition of national cohesion since independence, six decades ago. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to show that electoral violence and the resultant political instability negatively affect national cohesion. The study adopted the State Compromise Paradigm to explain the need for sincerity among the political leaders of the different ethnic groups in the discharge of their duties and responsibilities in order to achieve national cohesion. The study relied mainly on secondary data focusing on political instability and weak national cohesion in the country. The study revealed that efforts at de-ethnicizing and de-regionalizing political contests as well as discouragement of violence in political contestation with ethno-religious bias had not yielded much positive results in the country. The paper concludes that unless and until electoral contestation in Nigeria is violence free, enduring political stability and national cohesion may remain unattainable. The study recommends, among other things, that state institutions should function for the benefit of all citizens, political leaders should avoid fanning the embers of ethnicity during elections and government should put in motion a sincere policy and programme for national cohesion.","PeriodicalId":363531,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research","volume":"281 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129988464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure, Perception and Response to Ketogenic Diet Information among Working Class Adults Female in Anambra State","authors":"Obi E.C., C. A.C., Okoli O.","doi":"10.52589/ajsshr-isez7a77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajsshr-isez7a77","url":null,"abstract":"Ketogenic diet is used in weight control. This study aimed at finding out exposure, perception and working-class adult females’ response to Ketogenic diet information. The specific objectives are: To examine the exposure level of the working-class adults in Awka Anambra state to ketogenic diet information, to determine how they perceive the ketogenic diet information, and finally, to examine how the working-class adult females respond to Ketogenic diet information. This study was designed as a survey. Using an online sample size calculator, a sample of 384 civil servants was drawn from 21 Ministries in Anambra State. The study was anchored on the health belief model and uses and gratification theory. Findings from the survey indicate that a greater number of working-class adult female in Awka Anambra are exposed to ketogenic-diet information through the social media and interpersonal communication. It was also discovered that majority of the working-class adult females in Awka Anambra State sees the ketogenic – diet information in a good light but respond to it minimally due to some challenges mention in this work. The study recommended that the influencers of the ketogenic diet on the internet should be properly informed on the benefits and effects of this diet while disseminating necessary information. And as well let the dieters know beforehand that in as much as there are benefits of engaging in the diet plan there are also some unpleasant experiences they might encounter. It has been established in this study that ketogenic information helps the respondents make informed decision concerning their health. This study however also recommends that Ketogenic diet ingredients should be made available and affordable at all time.","PeriodicalId":363531,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134097799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Government in Promoting Real Sector Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Nigerian Experience","authors":"Thankgod M., V. O.","doi":"10.52589/ajsshr-y4estviu","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajsshr-y4estviu","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigated the role of government in promoting real sector development in sub-Saharan Africa with a focus on the Nigerian economy. The government’s role was measured using fiscal and monetary policy variables such as total government expenditure, broad money supply and interest rate, while the ratio of manufacturing value added to GDP formed the basis for measuring real sector development. Time series data on the variables were sourced from the Central Bank of Nigeria Statistical Bulletin and analysed using econometrics tools of error correction mechanism (ECM) and Granger causality test. The unit root test results revealed that all the variables are first difference stationary. It was also found from the cointegration test that variables have a long-run relationship. It was found from the parsimonious ECM that broad money supply and rate of interest are statistically insignificant in influencing manufacturing output. The results further reveal that the second and third leg of the government expenditure ratio to GDP significantly impacts manufacturing output. 1 percent increase in the first leg of government expenditure increases manufacturing output by 5.962 percent. Similarly, with a percentage in the second lag of government expenditure, manufacturing output increases by 3.182 percent. Additionally, the pairwise Granger causality test results reveal that unidirectional causality flows from the ratio of government expenditure to manufacturing output. Overall, the results indicate that fiscal policy, especially government expenditure, can be relied upon in predicting changes in manufacturing output. Thus, it is recommended for proper monitoring of fiscal policy measures, especially public expenditures, to ensure they are accounted for holistically and effectively utilised in fostering real sector development.","PeriodicalId":363531,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122413966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) and The Conduct of 2023 Presidential and National Assembly Elections in Nigeria: A Paradigm Shift","authors":"Rebecca Oluwatosin Banjo","doi":"10.52589/ajsshr-iuux1yvn","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajsshr-iuux1yvn","url":null,"abstract":"It is an established fact that Nigeria’s electoral process has always been marred with irregularities over the years. The 2023 Presidential and National Assembly elections are a paradigm shift in the history of electioneering in the country. Though some challenges were encountered in the conduct of the elections, the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) was given a pass mark by many local and international observers and thus made the general election a watershed. This makes it imperative in this paper to examine the conduct of the 2023 Presidential and National Assembly elections in Nigeria. The paper infers that if the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) can continue to discharge its functions out of political influence and move away from the status quo where a political party dominates the constitution of drivers of INEC, there is every tendency that there will be continuous better conduct of election in the future. The paper taps various means of getting relevant materials to put this study together for onward academic utilisation and to reshape the conduct of Nigeria’s subsequent general elections like the maintenance of established punishment for electoral offenders, strengthened voter education, and establishment of training institutes for prospective politicians.","PeriodicalId":363531,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131443213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Youths and Economic Development in Nigeria","authors":"Minini R., Deeebari G.K.","doi":"10.52589/ajsshr-c67jpq8w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajsshr-c67jpq8w","url":null,"abstract":"No country seeking economic development which is the good and better life can afford to neglect the youth or abandon them to constitute a major social problem. This is because the youths are the engine of growth and development. Their action and inaction can develop or destroy the fabrics of their country. In other words, they determine the future of the country. It is on this backdrop that this paper is out to address the importance of preparation and training of the youths in order to achieve sustainable economic development. It adopted a theoretical approach as its methodology and found that there is indisputable evidence of poor economic development due to lack of preparation and training on the part of the youths. The paper therefore recommended that the government should adequately fund the educational sector and should also have the farmer’s mentality and do away with the hunter's mentality.","PeriodicalId":363531,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128382517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Students’ Knowledge of Political Education Concepts in Social Studies Curriculum as a Determinant of their Attitude Towards Political Participation in Edo State","authors":"Uzamere Rasak Okunzuwa","doi":"10.52589/ajsshr-yu9zfcgo","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajsshr-yu9zfcgo","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the knowledge of concepts of political education in the Social Studies curriculum on students’ knowledge and attitude to political participation in Edo State. Over time, there has been expressed dissatisfaction by the Edo people that the government officials and representatives do not reflect public choice. There are also situations where individuals show up for voters’ registration and still fail to vote when the time comes. Nigeria has continuously been plagued by election malpractices and a whole lot of electoral misconducts which gives the impression that Social Studies education has not made a remarkable impact. The purpose of this study is to examine if the knowledge of the concepts of political education in the Social Studies curriculum can influence students’ knowledge and attitude to political participation in Edo State. Four research questions were raised to guide the study and two hypotheses were formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design while the population comprised all JSS I-III students from the public Junior Secondary Schools in the seven (7) local government areas in Edo South senatorial district. The Edo South senatorial district has a total of one hundred and thirty-eight (138) public Junior Secondary Schools with a population of seventy-four thousand, four hundred and forty (74,440) Junior Secondary School students. The multi-stage sampling procedure was used to draw a sample size of eight hundred and forty (840) students used for the study. The instrument for data collection was an achievement test titled, “Knowledge of Political Education Test (KPET). Its reliability was ascertained using the Kuder- Richardson 20 and it gave a value of 0.95. The data obtained were analyzed using Mean and Standard Deviation. The findings from the study indicated that political education has the capacity of influencing students’ attitude toward voters’ registration and the voting exercises. It also revealed that political education can significantly influence the attitude of students towards the rule of law, electoral process and political participation. Based on the above findings, it was recommended that Social Studies curriculum content be broadened to address the issues of political education.","PeriodicalId":363531,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115293746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leadership and the Success of African Integration and Development Agenda: Juxtaposing the African Continental Free Trade Area - AFCFTA and Agenda 2063","authors":"Chimaobi O., Okon B.B., Udoh E., Eme E.O.","doi":"10.52589/ajsshr-qboebigd","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52589/ajsshr-qboebigd","url":null,"abstract":"After achieving independence from slavery and colonialism, African countries implemented various developmental policies, including import substitution, industrialization, and structural adjustment programs, among others. However, political instability, civil wars, poverty, bad governance, and environmental degradation hindered the continent's progress. This paper focuses on how leadership impacts the success of African regional integration and development, specifically the African Continental Free Trade Area (AFCFTA) and Agenda 2063. The study uses content analysis and secondary sources to analyze leadership's role in achieving integration and development. The paper finds that visionary, competent, selfless leaders are crucial for achieving sustainable integration and development. These leaders should be committed to disentangling from neocolonial dependence and promoting mutual cooperation. The paper supports its findings with good governance theory and regional integration theories. Furthermore, the paper highlights the need for African leaders to unite, be disciplined, and pursue integration with integrity and transparency. This requires leaders to prioritize the continent's interests over their personal gains and reduce their reliance on foreign aid. Ultimately, the paper concludes that the success of African integration and development depends on the quality of leadership, which must be accountable, transparent, and committed to promoting the welfare of African citizens.","PeriodicalId":363531,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131342842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}