Automotive Innovation最新文献_第3页

A New Method for Estimating Lithium-Ion Battery State-of-Energy Based on Multi-timescale Filter 基于多时间尺度滤波的锂离子电池能量状态估计新方法

IF 6.1 1区工程技术

Automotive Innovation Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1007/s42154-023-00271-y

Guangming Zhao, Wei Xu, Yifan Wang

引用次数: 0

Fault Diagnosis of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Based on Nonlinear Impedance Spectrum 基于非线性阻抗谱的质子交换膜燃料电池故障诊断

IF 6.1 1区工程技术

Automotive Innovation Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1007/s42154-023-00253-0

Hao Yuan, Shaozhe Zhang, Xuezhe Wei, Haifeng Dai

{"title":"Fault Diagnosis of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Based on Nonlinear Impedance Spectrum","authors":"Hao Yuan, Shaozhe Zhang, Xuezhe Wei, Haifeng Dai","doi":"10.1007/s42154-023-00253-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42154-023-00253-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) contributes to developing the fault diagnosis tools for fuel cells, which is of great significance in improving service life. The conventional impedance measurement techniques are limited to linear responses, failing to capture high-order harmonic responses. However, nonlinear electrochemical impedance analysis incorporates additional nonlinear information, enabling the resolution of such responses. This study proposes a novel multi-stage fault diagnosis method based on the nonlinear electrochemical impedance spectrum (NEIS). First, the impact of alternating current excitation amplitude on NEIS is analyzed. Then, a series of experiments are conducted to obtain NEIS data under various fault conditions, encompassing recoverable faults like flooding, drying, starvation, and their mixed faults, spanning different degrees of fault severity. Based on these experiments, both EIS and NEIS datasets are established, and principal component analysis is utilized to extract the main features, thereby reducing the dimensionality of the original data. Finally, a fault diagnosis model is constructed with the support vector machine (SVM) and random forest algorithms, with model hyperparameters optimized by a hybrid genetic particle swarm optimization (HGAPSO) algorithm. The results show that the diagnostic accuracy of NEIS is higher than that of traditional EIS, with the HGAPSO-SVM model achieving a 100% accurate diagnosis under the NEIS dateset and self-defined fault labels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36310,"journal":{"name":"Automotive Innovation","volume":"6 4","pages":"597 - 610"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136018977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

European Research Project’s Contributions to a Safer Automated Road Traffic 欧洲研究项目对更安全的自动化道路交通的贡献

IF 6.1 1区工程技术

Automotive Innovation Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1007/s42154-023-00250-3

Felix Fahrenkrog, Susanne Reithinger, Burak Gülsen, Florian Raisch

{"title":"European Research Project’s Contributions to a Safer Automated Road Traffic","authors":"Felix Fahrenkrog, Susanne Reithinger, Burak Gülsen, Florian Raisch","doi":"10.1007/s42154-023-00250-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42154-023-00250-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Automated driving is poised to become a pivotal technology in the future automotive transportation. However, it is evident that the implementation of automated driving presents significant technical challenges. To accelerate the development and deployment of automated driving the European Commission initiated the research project L3Pilot in 2017. With a budget of 65 million Euros and the involvement of 13 car manufacturers, L3Pilot stands as the largest European project on automated driving (AD). This paper serves as a comprehensive account of BMW’s main activities in the L3Pilot project that ended in 2021. The research questions addressed in this project are related to the following topics: what are the guidelines for the development of AD? How do potential customers interact with AD? And what is the safety impact assessment of AD? The paper presents the findings related to all three research questions to contribute to the further development of automated driving. For this purpose together with other partners the Code of Practice of AD was defined as a guideline for the development of future AD systems. Related to the second question, BMW conducted tests with AD systems on motorways and in parking scenarios, with over 100 test subjects experiencing AD. The studies provide input and considerations for future AD systems. Finally, in the safety impact assessment, BMW investigated with other project partners the potential safety benefits of AD through simulation. The results show a potential to improve road safety. In conclusion, the exploration of all three research questions has led to a deeper understanding of SAE Level 3 AD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36310,"journal":{"name":"Automotive Innovation","volume":"6 4","pages":"521 - 530"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135569215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Trajectory Planning Method of Automatic Lane Change Based on Dynamic Safety Domain 基于动态安全域的自动变道轨迹规划方法

IF 6.1 1区工程技术

Automotive Innovation Pub Date : 2023-09-09 DOI: 10.1007/s42154-023-00224-5

Yangyang Wang, Xiaolang Cao, Yulun Hu

引用次数: 0

Soft Sensors for Property-Controlled Multi-Stage Press Hardening of 22MnB5 22MnB5性能控制多级冲压硬化软传感器

IF 6.1 1区工程技术

Automotive Innovation Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.1007/s42154-023-00238-z

Juri Martschin, Malte Wrobel, Joshua Grodotzki, Thomas Meurer, A. Erman Tekkaya

{"title":"Soft Sensors for Property-Controlled Multi-Stage Press Hardening of 22MnB5","authors":"Juri Martschin, Malte Wrobel, Joshua Grodotzki, Thomas Meurer, A. Erman Tekkaya","doi":"10.1007/s42154-023-00238-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42154-023-00238-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In multi-stage press hardening, the product properties are determined by the thermo-mechanical history during the sequence of heat treatment and forming steps. To measure these properties and finally to control them by feedback, two soft sensors are developed in this work. The press hardening of 22MnB5 sheet material in a progressive die, where the material is first rapidly austenitized, then pre-cooled, stretch-formed, and finally die bent, serves as the framework for the development of these sensors. To provide feedback on the temporal and spatial temperature distribution, a soft sensor based on a model derived from the Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) is presented. The model is extended to a parametric DMD and combined with a Kalman filter to estimate the temperature (-distribution) as a function of all process-relevant control variables. The soft sensor can estimate the temperature distribution based on local thermocouple measurements with an error of less than 10 °C during the process-relevant time steps. For the online prediction of the final microstructure, an artificial neural network (ANN)-based microstructure soft sensor is developed. As part of this, a transferable framework for deriving input parameters for the ANN based on the process route in multi-stage press hardening is presented, along with a method for developing a training database using a 1-element model implemented with LS-Dyna and utilizing the material model Mat248 (PHS_BMW). The developed ANN-based microstructure soft sensor can predict the final microstructure for specific regions of the formed and hardened sheet in a time span of far less than 1 s with a maximum deviation of a phase fraction of 1.8 % to a reference simulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36310,"journal":{"name":"Automotive Innovation","volume":"6 3","pages":"352 - 363"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42154-023-00238-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50015275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Non-associated and Non-quadratic Characteristics in Plastic Anisotropy of Automotive Lightweight Sheet Metals 汽车轻量化板材塑性各向异性的非关联和非二次特性

IF 6.1 1区工程技术

Automotive Innovation Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.1007/s42154-023-00232-5

Yong Hou, Junying Min, Myoung-Gyu Lee

{"title":"Non-associated and Non-quadratic Characteristics in Plastic Anisotropy of Automotive Lightweight Sheet Metals","authors":"Yong Hou, Junying Min, Myoung-Gyu Lee","doi":"10.1007/s42154-023-00232-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42154-023-00232-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Lightweight sheet metals are highly desirable for automotive applications due to their exceptional strength-to-density ratio. An accurate description of the pronounced plastic anisotropy exhibited by these materials in finite element analysis requires advanced plasticity models. In recent years, significant efforts have been devoted to developing plasticity models and numerical analysis methods based on the non-associated flow rule (non-AFR). In this work, a newly proposed coupled quadratic and non-quadratic model under non-AFR is utilized to comprehensively investigate the non-associated and non-quadratic characteristics during the yielding of three lightweight sheet metals, i.e., dual-phase steel DP980, TRIP-assisted steel QP980, and aluminum alloy AA5754-O. These materials are subjected to various proportional loading paths, including uniaxial tensile tests with a 15° increment, uniaxial compressive tests with a 45° increment, in-plane torsion tests, and biaxial tensile tests using laser-deposited arm-strengthened cruciform specimens. Results show that the non-AFR approach provides an effective means for accurately modeling the yield behavior, including yield stresses and the direction of plastic strain rates, simultaneously, utilizing two separate functions and a simple calibration procedure. The introduction of the non-quadratic plastic potential reduces the average errors in angle when predicting plastic strain directions by the quadratic plastic potential function. Specifically, for DP980, the average error is reduced from 3.1° to 0.9°, for QP980 it is reduced from 6.1° to 3.9°, and for AA5754-O it is reduced from 7.0° to 0.2°. This highlights the importance of considering the non-quadratic characteristic in plasticity modeling, especially for aluminum alloys such as AA5754-O.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36310,"journal":{"name":"Automotive Innovation","volume":"6 3","pages":"364 - 378"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42154-023-00232-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50015580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Preface for Feature Topic on Environmentally Benign Automotive Lightweighting 环保汽车轻量化专题前言

IF 6.1 1区工程技术

Automotive Innovation Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.1007/s42154-023-00236-1

Junying Min, A. Erman Tekkaya, Yongbing Li, Yannis P. Korkolis, Ying Zhao

引用次数: 0

Hybrid Additive Manufacturing of Forming Tools 成形工具的混合增材制造

IF 6.1 1区工程技术

Automotive Innovation Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.1007/s42154-023-00239-y

Hamed Dardaei Joghan, Ramona Hölker-Jäger, Anna Komodromos, A. Erman Tekkaya

{"title":"Hybrid Additive Manufacturing of Forming Tools","authors":"Hamed Dardaei Joghan, Ramona Hölker-Jäger, Anna Komodromos, A. Erman Tekkaya","doi":"10.1007/s42154-023-00239-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42154-023-00239-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Additive manufacturing (AM) is widely used in the automotive industry and has been expanded to include aerospace, marine, and rail. High flexibility and the possibility of manufacturing complex parts in AM motivate the integration of additive manufacturing with classical forming technologies, which can improve tooling concepts and reduce costs. This study presents three applications of this integration. First, the possibility of successful utilization of selective laser melting for manufacturing extrusion tools with complex cooling channels and paths for thermocouples is reported, leading to significantly reduced inner die temperatures during the extrusion process. Second, sheet lamination is integrated with laser metal deposition (LMD) to manufacture deep-drawing dies. Promising results are achieved in reducing the stair step effect, which is the main challenge in sheet lamination, by LMD and following post-processing such as milling, ball burnishing, and laser polishing. The new manufacturing route shows that LMD can economically and efficiently reduce the stair step effect and omit the hardening step from the conventional manufacturing process route. Finally, LMD is used to manufacture a hot stamping punch with improved surface roughness by ball burnishing and near-surface complex cooling channels. The experimental results show that the manufactured punch has lower temperatures during hot stamping compared with the conventionally manufactured punch. This study shows the successful integration of AM processes with classical forming processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36310,"journal":{"name":"Automotive Innovation","volume":"6 3","pages":"311 - 323"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42154-023-00239-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50015451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

On-Ramp Merging for Highway Autonomous Driving: An Application of a New Safety Indicator in Deep Reinforcement Learning 高速公路自动驾驶入匝道合流:一种新的安全指标在深度强化学习中的应用

IF 6.1 1区工程技术

Automotive Innovation Pub Date : 2023-09-02 DOI: 10.1007/s42154-023-00235-2

Guofa Li, Weiyan Zhou, Siyan Lin, Shen Li, Xingda Qu

{"title":"On-Ramp Merging for Highway Autonomous Driving: An Application of a New Safety Indicator in Deep Reinforcement Learning","authors":"Guofa Li, Weiyan Zhou, Siyan Lin, Shen Li, Xingda Qu","doi":"10.1007/s42154-023-00235-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42154-023-00235-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper proposes an improved decision-making method based on deep reinforcement learning to address on-ramp merging challenges in highway autonomous driving. A novel safety indicator, time difference to merging (TDTM), is introduced, which is used in conjunction with the classic time to collision (TTC) indicator to evaluate driving safety and assist the merging vehicle in finding a suitable gap in traffic, thereby enhancing driving safety. The training of an autonomous driving agent is performed using the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) algorithm. An action-masking mechanism is deployed to prevent unsafe actions during the policy exploration phase. The proposed DDPG + TDTM + TTC solution is tested in on-ramp merging scenarios with different driving speeds in SUMO and achieves a success rate of 99.96% without significantly impacting traffic efficiency on the main road. The results demonstrate that DDPG + TDTM + TTC achieved a higher on-ramp merging success rate of 99.96% compared to DDPG + TTC and DDPG.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36310,"journal":{"name":"Automotive Innovation","volume":"6 3","pages":"453 - 465"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42154-023-00235-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50004418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Review of Crashworthiness Studies on Cellular Structures 细胞结构耐撞性研究综述

IF 6.1 1区工程技术

Automotive Innovation Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s42154-023-00237-0

Hongyu Liang, Ying Zhao, Shixian Chen, Fangwu Ma, Dengfeng Wang

{"title":"Review of Crashworthiness Studies on Cellular Structures","authors":"Hongyu Liang, Ying Zhao, Shixian Chen, Fangwu Ma, Dengfeng Wang","doi":"10.1007/s42154-023-00237-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42154-023-00237-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The application of lightweight structures with excellent energy absorption performance is crucial for enhancing vehicle safety and energy efficiency. Cellular structures, inspired by the characteristics observed in natural organisms, have exhibited exceptional structural utilization in terms of energy absorption compared with traditional structures. In recent years, various innovative cellular structures have been proposed to meet different engineering needs, resulting in significant performance improvements. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of novel cellular structures for energy absorption applications. In particular, it outlines the application forms and design concepts of cellular structures under typical loading conditions in vehicle collisions, including axial loading, oblique loading, bending loading, and blast loading. Cellular structures have evolved to meet the demands of complex loading conditions and diverse research methods, focusing on achieving high-performance characteristics across multiple load cases. Moreover, this review discusses manufacturing techniques and strategies for enhancing the manufacturing performance of cellular structures. Finally, current key challenges and future research directions for cellular structures are discussed. The aim of this study is to provide valuable guidelines for researchers and engineers in the development of next-generation lightweight cellular structures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36310,"journal":{"name":"Automotive Innovation","volume":"6 3","pages":"379 - 403"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42154-023-00237-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50001168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1