Journal of Hydrology最新文献_第8页

A review of gully erosion in Africa in the 21st century 21世纪非洲沟壑侵蚀研究综述

IF 6.3 1区地球科学

Journal of Hydrology Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134037

Fekadu Fanjana Falta , Gang Liu , Qiong Zhang , Chengbo Shu

{"title":"A review of gully erosion in Africa in the 21st century","authors":"Fekadu Fanjana Falta , Gang Liu , Qiong Zhang , Chengbo Shu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite recent research on factors influencing gully development and the various methods to forecast spatial and temporal effects of gully erosion, there is a scarcity of work on gully erosion in Africa. Therefore, this synthesis offers a comprehensive understanding of the complex factors responsible for gully initiation and development, methods used in gully erosion studies, aspects that aid in developing gullies, and their role in soil loss. The factors responsible for gully initiation are complex and involve i) high temperatures, ii) short-duration erosive rainfall events that interact with regional topographies and soils, and iii) specific responses of gullies to soil loss. Ninety-two papers from 36 journals in the past 33 years were used. The results demonstrated that anthropogenic (land mismanagement, excessive grazing, and deforestation) and natural (climate and topography) factors were important. The assessment and quantification of gully erosion have been done through field surveys, integrating satellite images with surveys, soil erosion models, machine learning methods, and modeling. Nineteen research studies were particularly pertinent and showed that the least and most soil loss caused by gully erosion was 2.30 and 566 t ha<sup>−1</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The gully erosion rate was positively correlated with mean annual rainfall and slope. This synthesis helps to understand the gully erosion in Africa deeply and provides suggestions for further research that should be done with the help of new methods and technologies, considering erratic climate, soil, topography, and anthropogenic factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"662 ","pages":"Article 134037"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144900075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relevance of the net natural inflow for investigating long-term hydrological changes in a managed lake catchment 净自然流入与调查管理湖泊集水区长期水文变化的相关性

IF 6.3 1区地球科学

Journal of Hydrology Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133925

Aldo Fiori , Antonio Zarlenga , Elena Volpi , Irene Pomarico , Stefania Passaretti , Anna Varriale , Claudio Mineo

{"title":"Relevance of the net natural inflow for investigating long-term hydrological changes in a managed lake catchment","authors":"Aldo Fiori , Antonio Zarlenga , Elena Volpi , Irene Pomarico , Stefania Passaretti , Anna Varriale , Claudio Mineo","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The net natural inflow to a lake is an important quantity for developing lake management strategies and assessing hydrological change. The net natural inflow embeds the relevant hydrological processes governing the lake levels and it determines the lake levels and the emissary discharge under natural conditions, i.e. without withdrawals. The net natural inflow can be calculated by using an inverse procedure that reduces some of the sources of uncertainty that characterize the hydrological balance. In this paper we use the inverse procedure to analyze the net natural inflow of an Italian lake (Lake Bracciano) for which over a century of data are available. The behavior of the net natural inflow to the lake is analyzed, highlighting the high inter-annual variability and the consequent exposure of the lake to extreme events, in particular droughts. Evidence of hydrological change is discussed, as well as the importance of the availability of long time series for meaningful lake analysis and management. The analysis demonstrates the advantages of using the net natural inflow for lake hydrological analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"662 ","pages":"Article 133925"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Escherichia coli drivers in surface waters of arid and semiarid regions: a case study in Arizona 在干旱和半干旱地区的地表水大肠杆菌驱动：在亚利桑那州的案例研究

IF 6.3 1区地球科学

Journal of Hydrology Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134102

María Menchú-Maldonado , Kerry A. Hamilton , Enrique R. Vivoni , Rebecca Logsdon Muenich

{"title":"Escherichia coli drivers in surface waters of arid and semiarid regions: a case study in Arizona","authors":"María Menchú-Maldonado , Kerry A. Hamilton , Enrique R. Vivoni , Rebecca Logsdon Muenich","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Freshwater is threatened by climate change and pollution, straining water resources, especially in regions already facing water stress. One of the most recurrent impairments of surface water is fecal contamination, as it could contain pathogens that can cause illness or death in human populations. In Arizona, water scarcity and fecal contamination are primary concerns. While existing studies examine the drivers of fecal contamination, these have primarily been completed in temperate and humid regions, with few studies focused on arid and semiarid regions. We cleaned and synthesized observations of <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>) concentrations in surface water from the Arizona Water Quality Database and completed two different statistical analyses to evaluate relationships to point and non-point sources, climatic and terrain conditions, land cover, and stream networks using 4,558 <em>E. coli</em> concentration records from 610 sites in the period 2010 to 2019. The statistical analysis revealed significant differences between median <em>E. coli</em> concentration distributions sampled from different stream types (17.5 CFU/100 mL in artificial paths, 25.9 CFU/100 mL in perennial streams, and 42.6 CFU/100 mL in intermittent + ephemeral streams), and across antecedent rainfall conditions. At the watershed level, five of the 128 studied characteristics had the most significant relationship with <em>E. coli</em> concentration values and were primarily related to livestock production, land use, and antecedent rainfall conditions. The outcomes of this work can help identify sources and patterns in <em>E. coli</em> occurrence in arid and semi-arid areas, particularly when paired with source tracking or modeling approaches, for environmental management and human health management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"662 ","pages":"Article 134102"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144907150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of land surface model resolution on soil moisture and wildfire simulations using Community Land Model version 5 – Biogeochemistry 使用社区土地模型第5版-生物地球化学，地表模型分辨率对土壤湿度和野火模拟的影响

IF 6.3 1区地球科学

Journal of Hydrology Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134085

Hocheol Seo , Eunjee Lee , JiHyun Kim , Suyeon Choi , Jana Kolassa , Yeonjoo Kim

{"title":"Effects of land surface model resolution on soil moisture and wildfire simulations using Community Land Model version 5 – Biogeochemistry","authors":"Hocheol Seo , Eunjee Lee , JiHyun Kim , Suyeon Choi , Jana Kolassa , Yeonjoo Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to advances in sensor technology and data analysis, land surface models have become more accurate in their simulation of processes on the Earth’s surface and their interactions on regional and global scales, leading to higher-quality climate studies, hydrological analysis, and environmental monitoring. Though simulations can now be conducted at relatively high spatial resolutions (e.g., 1 km), only a few studies have investigated the effect of spatial resolution on the simulation of soil moisture and fire using land surface models. In this study, we use the NCAR Community Land Model version 5 (CLM 5)–Biogeochemistry (BGC) to simulate global-scale water and carbon fluxes with various combinations of land surface and soil input parameters resolutions (0.25°, 0.5°, 1°, and 2°). Our results show that changes in the land surface resolution affect simulations of the top soil moisture, especially in eastern Siberia and Northern America. In particular, a finer resolution for the organic matter density reduces soil moisture levels, which in turn leads to an increase in burned areas at higher latitudes due to changes in the top soil moisture, which is an influential factor in CLM5 wildfire simulations. This study thus emphasizes the need for careful consideration of unintended consequences when switching between model resolutions and suggests that the soil matrix potential equation associated with organic matter density be revisited to ensure that the total soil water does not depend so strongly on the spatial resolution of the model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"663 ","pages":"Article 134085"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predicting synthetic rating curve adjustment factors with explainable machine learning for enhancing the United States operational flood inundation mapping framework 利用可解释的机器学习预测综合评级曲线调整因子，以增强美国的操作洪水淹没地图框架

IF 6.3 1区地球科学

Journal of Hydrology Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134086

Anupal Baruah , Ryan Spies , Dipsikha Devi , Sagy Cohen , Fernando Aristizabal , Parvaneh Nikrou , Dan Tian , Carson Pruitt

{"title":"Predicting synthetic rating curve adjustment factors with explainable machine learning for enhancing the United States operational flood inundation mapping framework","authors":"Anupal Baruah , Ryan Spies , Dipsikha Devi , Sagy Cohen , Fernando Aristizabal , Parvaneh Nikrou , Dan Tian , Carson Pruitt","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasing threats of global flood risk mandate rapid and accurate high-resolution flood modeling strategies over large scales. In the United States, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Office of Water Prediction (OWP) has operationalised a Flood Inundation Mapping (FIM) framework utilising the Height Above Nearest Drainage (HAND)-Synthetic Rating Curve (SRC) approach. It translates streamflow into stage and subsequently maps the inundation over the floodplain. It is a low-fidelity FIM framework, suitable for large-scale applications with much less computational effort. The SRCs are calculated for each river segment using Manning’s equation; however, uncertainty in Manning’s parameters and missing bathymetry impart bias in SRC calculation, and thus in FIM. An SRC adjustment factor (λ<sub>src</sub>), introduced by OWP, calibrates SRCs against USGS rating curves, HEC-RAS 1D rating curves, and National Weather Service (NWS)-Categorical Flood Inundation Mapping (CatFIM) locations. Adjusted SRCs improve the FIM predictions but are limited to locations with the above data sources. In this paper, we develop machine learning models to predict the λ<sub>src</sub> over the entire United States river network. Results show that the eXtreme Gradient Boosting model yielded the strongest predictability, with an R<sup>2</sup> of 0.70. The impact of λ<sub>src</sub> on FIM predictions is evaluated for Hurricane Matthew in North Carolina and synthetic flood events in 15 watersheds. For Hurricane Matthew flooding, the mean percentage improvements in Critical Success Index (CSI), Probability of Detection (POD), and F1 Score are 17.5%, 20% and 12.5%, while for synthetic events, the improvements are 2.59%, 4.93%, and 3.03%, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"662 ","pages":"Article 134086"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of cover geometry on evaporation suppression of partially covered water reservoirs 覆盖几何对部分覆盖水库蒸发抑制的影响

IF 6.3 1区地球科学

Journal of Hydrology Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134095

Mohammad Javad Rezaei Jajarm , Pooria Akbarzadeh , Mohammad Mohsen ShahMardan , Milad Aminzadeh , Amir Rezazadeh

{"title":"The impact of cover geometry on evaporation suppression of partially covered water reservoirs","authors":"Mohammad Javad Rezaei Jajarm , Pooria Akbarzadeh , Mohammad Mohsen ShahMardan , Milad Aminzadeh , Amir Rezazadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Suppressing evaporative losses from water reservoirs has long been a challenge. While various methods have been developed to reduce evaporation, physical covers, such as floating elements, offer an efficient measure for reducing evaporative losses from open water storages. Although the impact of floating covers on evaporation reduction is well-studied, the influence of cover geometry and associated opening attributes at the surface remains underexplored. This study investigates the effect of different cover geometries with identical surface coverage fraction on the evaporation suppression efficiency of partially covered reservoirs. The results show that openings with larger perimeters lead to higher evaporation rates and lower suppression efficiency. Rectangular, diamond, triangular, and circular opening geometries resulted in 33–69 %, 36–71 %, 46–73 %, and 48–75 % reduction in evaporation, respectively, under various surface flow and air boundary conditions. We observed that water surface flow and wind speed initially promote thermal mixing and reduce evaporation, but beyond a threshold, the increased heat transfer dominates, causing the evaporation rate to rise. To bridge laboratory findings with real-world environmental conditions, a mathematical model is developed using dimensionless analysis and nonlinear regression. The model shows good agreements with field measurements obtained from small reservoirs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"662 ","pages":"Article 134095"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144880174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Surrogate model of flooding loss to alleviate computational burden in reservoirs operation 减轻油藏运行计算负担的驱水损失代理模型

IF 6.3 1区地球科学

Journal of Hydrology Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134087

Yifan Bao , Pan Liu , Fanqi Lin , Xu Cheng , Yuzhu Li , Xiaojing Zhang

{"title":"Surrogate model of flooding loss to alleviate computational burden in reservoirs operation","authors":"Yifan Bao , Pan Liu , Fanqi Lin , Xu Cheng , Yuzhu Li , Xiaojing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Joint operation of reservoirs can effectively reduce flood loss. However, the traditional reservoir operation model considers downstream flood peak rather than flooding loss, due to the heavy computational burden of hydrodynamic simulation. To addressed this issue, the machine learning-based surrogate model, which can accelerate the hydrodynamic simulation, is used to reduce flooding loss by coupling with the reservoir operation model. The machine learning surrogate model can quickly simulate flooding loss, but leads to the reservoir operation model no longer meeting the Markov property. As a result, dynamic programming (DP) and its improved algorithms are unable to deal with this optimization problem. Thus, DP only generates an initial solution, which can be further refined by the pattern search algorithm to minimize flooding loss. The Centianhe and Shuangpai Reservoirs on Xiaoshui River Basin, Hunan Province, China were selected as the study area. Results showed that: (1) the surrogate model can shorten the flooding loss calculation time from the minute level of the hydrodynamic model to the millisecond level, while ensuring accuracy of average RMSE 0.629 m and the R<sup>2</sup> 0.83, and (2) the proposed reservoir operation model significantly reduces flooding loss. Compared with traditional models, the proposed model reduces flooding loss by 16.28 % and 13.74 % under the design floods of 3-year and 5-year return period, respectively. Even the proposed method can be improved in terms of model generalizability and accuracy, it provides a valuable model for high flood risk basins by shifting the reservoir operation objective from flood peak shaving to flooding loss reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"662 ","pages":"Article 134087"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sources, pathways, and impacts of phosphorus loss in geologically phosphorus-rich areas: A case study of Dianchi Lake, China 地质富磷区磷流失的来源、途径及影响——以滇池为例

IF 6.3 1区地球科学

Journal of Hydrology Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134098

Xue Wu , Weiming Deng , Yancai Wang , Ying Zhang , Jia He , Lei Dong

{"title":"Sources, pathways, and impacts of phosphorus loss in geologically phosphorus-rich areas: A case study of Dianchi Lake, China","authors":"Xue Wu , Weiming Deng , Yancai Wang , Ying Zhang , Jia He , Lei Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phosphorus migration and loss in geologically phosphorus-rich (GPR) areas significantly contribute to water eutrophication. This study comprehensively investigated phosphorus distribution across various environmental media (surface water, groundwater, atmospheric deposition, soils, and sediments) in the Gucheng River watershed and Dianchi Lake, Yunnan Province, China. It also analyzed phosphorus speciation in phosphate-containing solids (raw soil, waste soil, phosphate ore, and phosphogypsum), and quantified the phosphorus release characteristics of phosphate ore and phosphogypsum under simulated conditions. Results indicated that total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in surface water and atmospheric deposition flux in the upstream phosphate processing area were significantly higher (>1.5-fold) than in phosphate mining and agricultural areas. Conversely, TP in groundwater and soil were highest in agricultural areas. Sediment TP in the Gucheng River was 3.43 times higher than in Dianchi Lake, with sediment phosphorus in Dianchi Lake predominantly existed in calcium-bound forms, accounting for 46.64 %, similar to that of Gucheng River. Phosphogypsum contained 45.21 % weakly adsorbed phosphorus and showed over 15 times higher potential phosphorus release than other solids. During simulated rainstorms, phosphorus from phosphate ore was predominantly lost via runoff, while phosphorus from phosphogypsum was released primarily via leaching. Runoff and leachate from improperly managed phosphogypsum during rainfall were significant phosphorus sources to Dianchi Lake, and a soil cover reduced TP in runoff and leachate by 65 %. This study highlights a greater and more persistent eutrophication risk of phosphate processing activities compared to mining, providing valuable insights for risk management in GPR areas globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"662 ","pages":"Article 134098"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144880243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of local influx on non-local tracer transport in a variably saturated system 变饱和系统中局部内流对非局部示踪剂输运的影响

IF 6.3 1区地球科学

Journal of Hydrology Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134099

Doron Kalisman, Ilan Ben-Noah , Ishai Dror, Brian Berkowitz

{"title":"Influence of local influx on non-local tracer transport in a variably saturated system","authors":"Doron Kalisman, Ilan Ben-Noah , Ishai Dror, Brian Berkowitz","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines how different water and tracer influx magnitudes affect non-local transport behavior in porous media, spanning from surface infiltration through a partially saturated zone to a fully saturated region. Two discharge scenarios were tested in a laboratory flow cell to understand how short-term infiltration events, occurring on centimeter-hour scales, influence transport dynamics over decimeter-day scales. The results showed that lower influx rates led to shorter breakthrough times and sharper concentration peaks at the cell-outflow as the tracer plume reached deeper, faster-flowing regions. In contrast, higher influx rates produced slower, more dispersed breakthroughs in the outflow due to the confinement of the plume to the near-surface, lower-velocity zones. Numerical modeling using the Richards and advection–dispersion equations captured the transport behavior of the higher discharge case but were unable to reproduce the breakthrough pattern observed at the outflow for the lower discharge case, suggesting a misrepresentation of the local scale plume distribution in the model simulations. Alternatively, the infiltration of the tracer solution and the system-scale tracer transport were split into two different processes. Setting hypothesized bounding cases for the distribution of the infiltrated tracer as initial conditions for a particle tracking model at the system-scale better captured the eventual tracer breakthrough for both discharge scenarios. The findings highlight the significance of local influx dynamics in shaping non-local, larger-scale transport processes and underscore the challenges of accurately modeling transport phenomena across scales in porous media systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"662 ","pages":"Article 134099"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144880172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deep groundwater in the Kumamoto area affected by nitrate nitrogen with source origin by sterols 熊本地区深层地下水硝酸盐氮的影响，其来源为甾醇

IF 6.3 1区地球科学

Journal of Hydrology Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134101

Kei Nakagawa , Zhuolin Li , Takahiro Hosono , Yuji Takao , Ronny Berndtsson

{"title":"Deep groundwater in the Kumamoto area affected by nitrate nitrogen with source origin by sterols","authors":"Kei Nakagawa , Zhuolin Li , Takahiro Hosono , Yuji Takao , Ronny Berndtsson","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrate nitrogen contamination of groundwater is often related to agricultural production and is a common problem in many parts of the world, particularly in regions that depend on groundwater for water supply. Nitrate nitrogen concentrations in groundwater in the Kumamoto area have increased in recent years, and countermeasures are urgently needed. Identifying the causes and sources of contamination is important for counteracting such contamination. For this purpose, continuous groundwater monitoring was conducted over a period of more than one year, and nitrate nitrogen concentrations and sterol compounds were analyzed as indicators. Nitrate nitrogen concentrations ranged from 0.07 to 4.86 mg L<sup>−1</sup>, with most sites remaining below the natural background threshold of 3 mg L<sup>−1</sup>. Sterol ratios generally remained below the fecal contamination threshold of 0.3, except for 0.354, which was observed in February 2023. Principal component analysis was applied to characterize the variation patterns in sterol composition, revealing that β-sitosterol and cholesterol contributed most strongly to the first principal component, whereas coprostanol and cholestanol dominated the second principal component. Hierarchical cluster analysis further classified the samples into five clusters, identifying beef and dairy cattle manure as the primary sources of groundwater pollution. Although measuring sterols is useful for estimating the origin of nitrate nitrogen pollution and as an indicator of fecal contamination, observations must be continuous and not intermittent because of hydrophobicity and high adsorption rates in the solid phase. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously collect and measure water samples for longer periods, probably for at least one year.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"662 ","pages":"Article 134101"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144893117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0