Journal of Hydrology最新文献

{"title":"Nitrogen cycle pattern variations during seawater-groundwater-river interactions enhance the nitrogen availability in the coastal earth critical zone","authors":"Guiyao Xiong ,&nbsp;Xiaobin Zhu ,&nbsp;Mengwen Liu ,&nbsp;Yun Yang ,&nbsp;Guangquan Chen ,&nbsp;Tengfei Fu ,&nbsp;Runtian Ding ,&nbsp;Xingyong Xu ,&nbsp;Jichun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hydrological interaction in highly vital and productive coastal earth critical zone (CECZ) significantly impacts the nitrogen cycle and availability, which is the essential foundation for agricultural production. The results of isotopes and microbial sequencing showed that nitrogen fixation and nitrite oxidation are enhanced in the palaeo-saltwater intrusion process. The weakening <em>AmoCAB</em> and <em>Hao</em> impedes the normal nitrogen cycling pathway, promoting the input of organic nitrogen, thus increasing nitrogen availability flux. In the river into the sea, nitrogen fixation is enhanced, while nitrite oxidation, denitrification, and DNRA are weakened. The whole intensity of the nitrogen cycle decreases. In addition, the oxidation of NH₄-N to NO₂-N in this process is inaccessible, which means that the nitrogen cycle flux is substantially reduced. In the river recharge to groundwater, nitrite oxidation, nitrogen fixation, and ammonia oxidation are enhanced. In the submarine groundwater discharge, the whole intensity of the nitrogen cycle gradually weakens and the nitrogen cycle flux greatly reduces. As the final pool of coastal groundwater and surface water, the significant reduction of the nitrogen cycle intensity and the absence of the pathway link allows nitrogen in seawater to flow out of the inorganic nitrogen cycle by the conversion to organic nitrogen, thus the net flux of nitrogen availability trapped in the hydrological systems increases. The hydrological interaction enhances the breadth of nitrogen sources, the diversity of pathways, and the flux of nitrogen in CECZ, thereby promoting more nitrogen being trapped in system and increasing nitrogen availability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"624 ","pages":"Article 129932"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3459189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrate attenuation with rising groundwater levels: An integrated assessment using isotope tracers and microbial signatures","authors":"Jie Li ,&nbsp;Yulian Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Dai ,&nbsp;Jian Li ,&nbsp;Pingheng Yang ,&nbsp;Lijun Tian ,&nbsp;Shihang Yu ,&nbsp;Rui Zuo ,&nbsp;Yuanzheng Zhai ,&nbsp;Wei Song ,&nbsp;Fan Yang ,&nbsp;Ruijing Zhou ,&nbsp;Shufang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nitrate contamination of groundwater has long been a source of concern. Most field studies conducted in areas with rising groundwater levels have found an increase in nitrate concentration owing to nitrate leaching, but they have not investigated the possible biogeochemical processes. In this study, dual nitrate isotopes and microbial signatures were combined to assess and quantify nitrate attenuation in the North China Plain with an apparent groundwater-level recovery trend over the past decade. Significant denitrification was revealed using the dual nitrate isotopes on the temporal scale. High-throughput sequencing provided microbial functional and taxonomic evidence, showing the relative abundances of denitrification-related functional genes negatively related to the nitrate concentration. Nitrate attenuation was strengthened in the aquifer as the groundwater levels rose, with a larger temporal enrichment factor (ε) value of −25‰ compared with the spatial ε value of −5‰. This study is the first to reveal the mechanisms of nitrate attenuation in aquifers undergoing groundwater-level recovery with an integrated assessment using nitrate isotope tracers and microbial signatures. In identifying the main nitrate attenuation processes, it is important to consider the scale and domain of interest and to conduct sufficient spatial and temporal monitoring to capture transient conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"624 ","pages":"Article 129911"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3142861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracing surface water pollution in China’s supply chain","authors":"Siao Sun ,&nbsp;Megan Konar ,&nbsp;Qiuhong Tang ,&nbsp;Guangtao Fu ,&nbsp;Chuanglin Fang ,&nbsp;Jing Wang ,&nbsp;Yong Ni ,&nbsp;Ting Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Decades of economic growth in China were enabled by rapid industrialization with insufficient water quality controls. Previous studies have traced water pollution discharges or grey water footprint using the multi-regional input–output (MRIO) model. However, there is a research gap in understanding the relation between surface water pollutant concentrations and final consumption of local and external basins. Here, we present the first national analysis to map surface water quality degradation in watersheds embedded in China’s supply chains. To do this, we developed a basin-specific relationship between surface water pollution concentration and discharge, and combined it with the MRIO model to trace the water pollution of different basins through the trade of products and services. We find that ∼50% chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ∼46% ammonium nitrogen (<span><math><msubsup><mtext>NH</mtext><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup></math></span>-N) discharges from production processes can be traced to consumer demands beyond the basin where the pollution was initially released. 0.3–2.2 mg/L COD and 0.03–0.31 mg/L <span><math><msubsup><mtext>NH</mtext><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup></math></span>-N water quality degradation (the range indicates pollution concentration in different basins) can be attributed to final consumption of commodities from other basins in China. International consumers contributed to increased degradation of water quality (0.43 mg/L COD in Huai River Basin and 0.07 mg/L <span><math><msubsup><mtext>NH</mtext><mn>4</mn><mo>+</mo></msubsup></math></span>-N in Hai River Basin). High pollution concentrations were often concentrated in dry North China, because water scarce basins in this region are more susceptible to human pollution loadings. Basins outsourcing water pollution were mainly developed economies that outsourced production and subsequent water quality impairments to other basins. This study highlights the interactions between water quality and supply chains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"624 ","pages":"Article 129960"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3143621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating soil water retention curves from thermal conductivity measurements: A percolation-based effective-medium approximation","authors":"Yongwei Fu ,&nbsp;Lin Liu ,&nbsp;Yili Lu ,&nbsp;Robert Horton ,&nbsp;Tusheng Ren ,&nbsp;Joshua Heitman","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A soil water retention curve (SWRC) describes the relationship between soil water content (θ) and suction (<em>h</em>, also the absolute value of pressure head). Earlier work indicated that correlations existed between the percolation-based effective medium approximation (P-EMA) thermal conductivity (λ) model parameters and soil hydraulic properties. In this study, the critical water content (θ_c) of the P-EMA model was related to the pore size distribution parameter (<em>m</em>) of the van Genuchten model, water content at the inflection point of a SWRC (θ_i) and hydraulic continuity water content (θ_hc). And a pedo-transfer function was established to estimate the van Genuchten model parameter α from soil properties and P-EMA parameters. Based on these relationships, three approaches were developed to estimate the van Genuchten models parameters from λ(θ) measurements, porosity, sand and clay contents. The three approaches were then validated on six independent soils, and results showed that all of the approaches estimated θ well at selected <em>h</em> values, with the average root mean square errors from 0.025 to 0.029 cm³ cm⁻³, the average mean relative absolute errors ranging from 0.111 to 0.157, and the average Akaike Information Criterion from −18.3 to −16.2. Two new approaches outperformed the original Fu et al approach but with fewer input parameters (no need for organic carbon content), thus also facilitating their broader application.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"624 ","pages":"Article 129898"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3400789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroforecasting of daily streamflows in the UK for short- and medium-term horizons: A novel insight","authors":"Francesco Granata,&nbsp;Fabio Di Nunno","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Predicting streamflows, which is crucial for flood defence and optimal management of water resources for drinking, irrigation, hydropower generation and ecosystem conservation, is a challenging task in most practical cases. The limitations of physically based models and the increasing availability of time series data on flow rates and other weather and climate variables of interest are increasingly driving the use of models based on Machine Learning algorithms. Of these, neural networks have proven to be among the best-performing prediction tools.</p><p>In this study, four types of neural networks, Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBF-NN), Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM), and Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory Network (Bi-LSTM), were compared in the prediction of short-term (1–3 days ahead) and medium-term (7–15 days ahead) daily flow rates of six different rivers in the United Kingdom. The predictors consisted only of the lagged values of flow rates and daily cumulative precipitation. The optimal number of these and the hyperparameters of the different algorithms were selected according to a Bayesian optimization procedure.</p><p>The various algorithms demonstrated comparable and strong short-term forecasting abilities, with a slight inclination to underestimate the maximum flood flows. In particular, the coefficient of determination (R²) for 1-day ahead forecasts ranged from 0.909 to 0.986, and the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) ranged from 3.36% to 13.94%. However, as the forecast horizon extended, a reduction in forecasting accuracy was identified, despite all models being able to predict the overall flow pattern, even up to 7–15 days ahead. Compared to LSTM- and Bi-LSTM-based models, RBF-NN-based models showed less of a tendency to underestimate flood peaks and overestimate low flows and could predict both with good accuracy. Additionally, the relative error distribution exhibited a general skew in all models. The findings of this study suggest that RBF-NNs are a powerful tool for obtaining accurate forecasts in both the short- and medium-term while requiring a limited number of parameters to be optimized, thus reducing the calculation time required.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"624 ","pages":"Article 129888"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3402446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogeochemical characterisation of the groundwater in the crystalline basement of Forsmark, the selected area for the geological nuclear repositories in Sweden","authors":"Maria J. Gimeno ,&nbsp;Eva-Lena Tullborg ,&nbsp;Ann-Chatrin Nilsson ,&nbsp;Luis F. Auqué ,&nbsp;Lino Nilsson","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129818","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Numerous groundwater analyses from the crystalline bedrock in the Forsmark area have been performed between 2002 and 2019, together with thorough geological, geophysical, and hydrogeological studies, within the site investigations carried out by the Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company. The groundwater samples have been taken from boreholes down to ≈ 1000 m and the analysis include major- and trace-elements, stable and radiogenic isotopes, gases and microbes. The chemical and isotopic composition of these groundwaters evidences the presence of non-marine brackish to saline groundwaters with very long residence times (many hundreds of thousands of years) and a series of complex mixing events resulting from the recharge of different waters over time: glacial meltwaters, probably from different glaciations of which the latest culminated some 20,000 years ago, and marine waters from the Baltic starting some 7000 years ago. Later, meteoric water and present Baltic Sea water have recharged in different parts of the upper 100 m. These mixing events have also triggered chemical and microbial reactions that have conditioned some of the important groundwater parameters and, together with the structural complexity of the area, they have promoted a heterogeneous distribution of groundwater compositions in the bedrock. Due to these evident differences in chemistry, residence time and origin of the groundwater, several groundwater types were defined in order to facilitate the visualisation and communication. The differentiation (linked to the paleohydrological history of the area) was based on Cl concentration, Cl/Mg ratio (marine component), and δ¹⁸O value (glacial component).</p><p>The work presented in this paper increases the understanding of the groundwater evolution in fractured and compartmentalised aquifers where mixing processes are the most important mechanisms. The model proposed to characterise the present groundwater system of the Forsmark area will also help to predict the future hydrogeochemical behaviour of the groundwater system after the construction of the repositories for the nuclear wastes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"624 ","pages":"Article 129818"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3456956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aeolian-fluvial interactions in the Yellow River Basin, China: Insights from sedimentary characteristics and provenance of the sedimentary sequences","authors":"Weiqing Li ,&nbsp;Hui Qian ,&nbsp;Panpan Xu ,&nbsp;Kai Hou ,&nbsp;Qiying Zhang ,&nbsp;Wengang Qu ,&nbsp;Wenhao Ren ,&nbsp;Yao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding environmental changes requires the characterization of potential interactions between aeolian and fluvial systems. This study aimed to identify the sedimentary characteristics, provenance, and transport of sediments of the Yellow River Basin, as well as the processes and geomorphological effects of aeolian-fluvial interactions using end-member modelling analysis (EMMA), multidimensional scaling (MDS), and principal component analysis (PCA). Samples (n = 107) collected from sedimentary sequences in the source area, upper, middle, and lower reaches were analyzed for grain size and major element contents. The results showed that sediments in the source area of the Yellow River mainly originated from the Tibetan Plateau, whereas the input of materials from the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) gradually increased from the upper to lower reaches. The sediment transport was jointly controlled by simultaneous or alternating aeolian and fluvial processes. Asynchronism in aeolian activity and rainfall and the non-uniformity of runoff and sediment sources resulted in a concentration of aeolian-fluvial interactions in the river reaches traversing through the deserts and CLP. Fluvial sediments in the upper reaches consisted of wash loads deposited in slow-moving water, whereas rapid replenishment of sediment from the CLP in the middle reaches increased sediment transport capacity, thereby enhancing the uniformity of sedimentary characteristics from the upper to lower reaches. Moreover, numerous gullies in the CLP resulted in increased intensities of aeolian-fluvial interactions, thereby accelerating severe sedimentation in the lower reaches. This study can act as a reference for paleoclimatic reconstruction and for soil and water conservation in large-scale watersheds across a range of climatic zones.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"624 ","pages":"Article 129903"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"3456962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A complex interplay among agricultural land uses, urbanization, and landscape attributes shapes the concentration-discharge relationships in Ontario, Canada","authors":"M. Georgina Kaltenecker ,&nbsp;Carl P.J. Mitchell ,&nbsp;E. Todd Howell ,&nbsp;George Arhonditsis","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>The shape of a concentration-discharge (C-Q) relationship and its evolution in space and time can be used to elucidate the predominant hydrological pathways and residence time of a chemical of interest, to determine the rate and timing of biogeochemical production and uptake, and to evaluate how catchment characteristics (topography, land cover/soil vegetation, anthropogenic activities) modulate export dynamics. Being a powerful tool to address ecohydrology’s fundamental questions, the investigation of C–Q relationships for multiple elements at multiple spatial and temporal scales has been instrumental in the context of water-quality management. In this study, we use a statistical (Segmented, Classification and Regression Trees) modelling framework to establish linkages among watershed morphological attributes, weather variability, land-use patterns, and biogeochemical “hot spots” across Ontario, Canada. Our analysis signifies the presence of enriching behavior, either across the entire streamflow<span> domain or at high flow regimes, for several water quality constituents, such as total phosphorus, suspended solids, nitrate, calcium, and dissolved organic carbon<span>. Alkalinity, calcium, and dissolved inorganic carbon consistently displayed negative slopes at higher flows, indicative of source limitation for these constituents. Similarly, although many of our study watersheds are influenced by </span></span></span>anthropogenic activities<span>, the predominant C-Q relationship for chloride was suggestive of either a monotonically diluting pattern or a diluting one followed by a chemostatic response to increasing streamflows. Our results offer novel insights into the interplay between anthropogenic stressors and biogeochemical processes that shapes the severity of nonpoint-source pollution, as hydrological and nutrient cycles will be increasingly subjected to major disturbances by food-production systems and urbanization.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"624 ","pages":"Article 129933"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2820737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-stationarity in extreme rainfalls across Australia","authors":"Lalani Jayaweera ,&nbsp;Conrad Wasko ,&nbsp;Rory Nathan ,&nbsp;Fiona Johnson","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129872","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Future flooding is likely to exceed current design flood levels which are based on historical extreme rainfall characteristics. The Clausius-Clapeyron relationship explains the intensification of extreme rainfalls as approximately 7% per one degree warming as atmospheric water holding capacity increases with temperature. Therefore, to prepare for a future warmer climate, we need to develop methodologies to project future rainfall intensities across the range of durations and exceedance probabilities used in engineering design. However, the studies that have investigated changes in extreme rainfalls across Australia have had disparate results and are not spatially or temporally comprehensive – hampering our understanding of changes in extreme rainfalls across different durations and exceedance probabilities.</p><p>This study investigates the impact of climate change on rainfalls from the annual maximum to the 1 in 100-year rainfall across a range of storm durations for the continent of Australia. We find increases in short duration (&lt;1 h) annual maximum rainfall are greater than increases in long duration (&gt;1 h) annual maxima across Australia from 1967 to 2021. These results are consistent regardless of the data period or data set chosen for analysis. We estimate events rarer than the annual maxima through fitting non-stationary Generalize Extreme Value models. We find that events of rarer severity have increased more than frequent events. Further, we identify the parameterisation of a model with non-stationary location and scale parameters to capture the changes in historic design quantiles that are consistent with our physical understanding of rainfall intensification, empirical quantile changes, and historical trends. We conclude that trends in annual maxima are best represented by non-stationary models that incorporate changes in both location and scale parameters, not by solely varying either location or scale parameters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"624 ","pages":"Article 129872"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2820894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the snow- and ice-accounting routine (SIAR)","authors":"Denis Ruelland","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129867","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper evaluates the degrees of freedom and complexity warranted in temperature-index models to jointly simulate local snow measurements, remotely-sensed snow cover and runoff in mountainous areas. To address this issue, the snow- and ice-accounting routine (SIAR) on top of the GR4J model was developed on a dataset covering 17 mountainous catchments (45 to 3580 km²) in the French Alps and Pyrenees. Model calibration and control were based on streamflow series, fractional snow cover (FSC) computed from MODIS snow products and at least one chronicle of local measurements of snow water equivalent (SWE) acquired in each catchment for the period 2004–2016. SIAR was applied according to an adaptable number of elevation bands and different parametrizations ranging from 11 free parameters (precipitation orographic correction, temperature lapse rate, variation in the temperature lapse rate, snowfall adjustment, rainfall lapse rate, thermal inertia of the snow pack, constant and variable part of the degree-day snow melt factor, degree-day ice melt factor, 2-parameter hysteresis between SWE and FSC), to only fixed parameters. Results showed that the one-free-parameter SIAR is as efficient as more parametrized versions in simulating both local and distributed snow dynamics as well as runoff. Interestingly, using SIAR without any free parameters by fixing the snowfall adjustment to a median value of 60% only led to slight impairment of local SWE dynamics. Certain processes represented in SIAR (glacier-component, sublimation, simple energy balance, snowpack cold-content, variable melt factor) were then alternatively turned off to justify those retained in its final version. The modeling performances were also compared by applying SIAR with different distribution options ranging from full distribution according to 0.25 km² cells to lumped mode. A number of equal-area elevation bands according to the catchment hypsometry proved to be a good compromise as it allowed snow and runoff simulations of similar accuracy to the full distribution mode, while limiting computational time. Finally, SIAR was compared with the Cemaneige snow routine, which showed its modeling performance was better. These findings suggest that it is possible, and even advisable, to limit the number of free parameters in temperature-index models in order to reduce problems of over-parameterization and equifinality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"624 ","pages":"Article 129867"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"2820896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}