Journal of Hydrology最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic resilience quantification of urban drainage networks","authors":"Ahmed Abdelaal ,&nbsp;Sonia Hassini","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.134995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.134995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The resilience of urban drainage systems (UDS) is increasingly recognized as a critical component in sustainable urban infrastructure, particularly under accelerating urbanization and climate change. Existing resilience assessment methods often rely on static, system-wide overflow metrics, overlooking spatiotemporal variability and component-level performance. This can mask critical vulnerabilities such as pipe surcharging, a major contributor to basement flooding. This study introduces a novel Bottom-Up System Resilience Assessment (BUSRA) framework that quantifies dynamic resilience at the pipe level using hydraulic performance metrics, rather than system overflow alone. BUSRA computes time-resolved cumulative resilience trajectories for each pipe and aggregates them into minimum, final, and system-level indicators, linking local behaviour to network-scale performance. BUSRA is applicable to single-event and continuous rainfall scenarios and to separate or combined sewer systems. The framework was applied to an urban drainage system in Kitchener, Ontario, Canada. Its system-level indicators were benchmarked against the Global Resilience Analysis method for consistency, while BUSRA provides additional component-level and temporal insights beyond what global metrics capture. Key findings include: (1) resilience should be treated as dynamic, as temporally aggregated metrics overestimate system performance; (2) spatial aggregation obscures localized vulnerabilities, whereas BUSRA reveals component-specific weaknesses; and (3) absence of surface flooding does not guarantee resilience, as internal surcharging can still cause significant damage. By delivering time-series and map-based diagnostics at multiple scales, BUSRA enables targeted practical interventions, such as pipe upsizing, storage, and Low Impact Development deployment, and supports adaptive, risk-informed infrastructure planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"668 ","pages":"Article 134995"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146015017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial N2O production and the functional communities regulated by groundwater flow regime","authors":"Yaqi Wang ,&nbsp;Helin Wang ,&nbsp;Lin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu Han ,&nbsp;Ping Li ,&nbsp;Yanxin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Groundwater represents a potentially important source of nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions due to its active nitrogen processes along with groundwater extraction and natural discharge. However, the mechanism regulating N₂O production in response to groundwater flow regimes remains poorly understood. This study integrated ¹⁵N isotope tracing, metagenomic analysis, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and microbial cultivation to investigate the pathways of N₂O production and the functional microbial communities in the groundwater system of the Jianghan Plain, China. In the recharge zone, ammonia oxidation, predominantly mediated by ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), was the dominant source of N₂O, with ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) contributing 66% of the total. In the discharge zone, heterotrophic denitrification was the dominant pathway, and nitrate nitrogen (NO₃⁻-N) accounted for 92% of N₂O production. Metagenomic analysis confirmed the differential distribution of key functional genes (<em>amoA, nir, norB</em>) and revealed a general lack of <em>norB</em> genes among nitrifying microorganisms, indicating their limited capacity to produce N₂O via nitrifier denitrification. The high N₂O concentrations and production rates observed in the discharge zone further identified the area as a hotspot for N₂O production, with high potential for subsequent emission. This study demonstrated that the microbial N₂O production and related functional communities were regulated by biogeochemical gradients driven by groundwater flow. These findings improve our understanding of subsurface N₂O production, and highlight the importance of groundwater system in regional and global N₂O budgets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"669 ","pages":"Article 135116"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146153063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional average velocity predictions for double-layered vegetated open channels incorporating vegetation sheltering and blockage effects","authors":"Yecong Liu,&nbsp;Mengyang Liu,&nbsp;Wenxin Huai,&nbsp;Yidan Ai,&nbsp;Liu Yang,&nbsp;Zhonghua Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Investigating the cross-sectional average velocity in open channel flows with double-layered vegetation is pivotal for evaluating flood discharge capacity in real river engineering. Utilizing genetic programming (GP), a machine learning technique, and building upon the Chezy formula structure, this study innovatively incorporates parameters characterizing vegetation sheltering and blockage effects to develop a cross-sectional average velocity predictive model balancing accuracy and computational efficiency. Analysis of the influence of vegetation-related model parameters on the Chezy coefficient <em>C</em> confirmed the model’s physical soundness. Comparative assessment against existing analytical velocity distribution models demonstrated the superior performance of the proposed GP model across multiple evaluation metrics. Furthermore, the study explores potential limitations in traditional velocity distribution models, highlighting the advantages of the GP approach. Specifically, the GP model establishes a robust mapping between hydraulic and geometric parameters to cross-sectional average velocity without relying on empirical vegetation drag coefficients, while effectively capturing vegetation-induced sheltering and blockage effects. In conclusion, this research provides an effective tool for predicting average velocity in rivers with complex vegetation, offering practical guidance for assessing flood discharge capacity in ecological river engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"669 ","pages":"Article 135076"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146110450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated evaluation of snow density reanalysis products in the Northern Hemisphere","authors":"Yizhuo Li ,&nbsp;Xin Miao ,&nbsp;Xinyun Hu ,&nbsp;Le Wang ,&nbsp;Xueliang Zhang ,&nbsp;Pengfeng Xiao ,&nbsp;Weidong Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Snow density, as a key snow element, not only reflects the physical characteristics of snow cover but also plays a vital role in data assimilation, climate modeling, and hydrological cycle studies. However, systematic evaluations of snow density in reanalysis datasets are still lacking. In this study, we use 4,319 snow stations across major snow-covered regions in the Northern Hemisphere, to assess the applicability of snow density data from five widely used reanalysis datasets (ERA5-Land, GLDAS-Noah, GLDAS-CLSM, GLDAS-VIC, and JRA-3Q) during water year 2001–2023. Our results indicate that ERA5-Land and GLDAS-Noah better capture the spatial patterns and temporal variability of snow density across the study regions. Using these two datasets and in-situ observations, we analyze long-term trends of snow density in Canada, Russia, and the Western U.S. We find that, reanalysis datasets fail to reproduce the observed interannual trends. Reanalysis products tend to underestimate observed interannual changes of snow density in early winter or shift them to late winter months. Moreover, the impact of snow density biases on snow depth biases in reanalysis datasets varies by region and dataset through offsetting or amplifying snow water equivalent biases. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of snow density accuracy in reanalysis datasets, and reveals the distinct spatiotemporal trends in snow density under global warming. Our results also highlight the divergent contribution of snow density biases to snow depth biases in reanalysis datasets across regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"669 ","pages":"Article 135071"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146110453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metagenomic insight reveals the microbial structure and function of nitrous oxide emission from agricultural ditches","authors":"Zhangmu Jing ,&nbsp;Qingqian Li ,&nbsp;Shengqiang Tu ,&nbsp;Yanjie Wei ,&nbsp;Peng Yuan ,&nbsp;Xiaoling Liu ,&nbsp;Hongjie Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrous oxide (N₂O) is a potent greenhouse gas, with agricultural activities representing its major source. However, the emission mechanism of nitrous oxide efficient by agricultural activities has not yet been fully studied. This study employs metagenomic analysis to elucidate the microbial community structure and functional potential associated with N₂O emissions in river and ditch systems of the Yangtze River Delta. The N₂O dissolved concentration in the rivers (0.08 ± 0.03 μmol N·L⁻¹) was significantly lower than that in the ditches (0.21 ± 0.14 μ mol N·L⁻¹) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). According to eight wind-based models, agricultural ditches emissions were 3.53–4.70 times higher than those of the rivers. All models significantly overestimated fluxes (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), revealing a systematic overestimation of EF values when using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) methodology. Particulate organic carbon supported microbial activity by providing energy and adhesion sites, while electrical conductivity (EC) served as an indicator of ion inputs from surrounding land use, serving as a critical abiotic driver of EF values in the ditches. The co-occurrence network showed that denitrification genes (<em>norB</em>, <em>nirS</em>, <em>nosZ</em>) formed a tightly clustered subnetwork exclusively in the ditches, indicating broader nitrification niches and stronger functional coupling among denitrifiers in these systems. Metagenomic evidence revealed that EF value correlated significantly with denitrification genes, notably <em>napAB</em>, <em>nirK</em>, <em>norBC</em> and <em>nirK</em>/<em>nosZ</em> (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), underscoring denitrification as the primary biotic driver of N₂O production. These findings demonstrate the value of metagenomic approaches in revealing microbial mechanisms behind N₂O emissions and support the development of more accurate, EF estimates for greenhouse gas inventories in agricultural landscapes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"669 ","pages":"Article 135085"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146110455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel deep learning coupled model for extracting flood control scheduling rules for reservoir groups","authors":"Ling Kang ,&nbsp;Xilong Wu ,&nbsp;Liwei Zhou ,&nbsp;Yunliang Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional rule curves designed for single reservoirs often underperform when multiple, hydrologically linked reservoirs must be coordinated during extreme events. We propose a coupled model—BiTCN-STA-SHAP—that integrates a bidirectional temporal convolutional network (BiTCN), a spatio-temporal attention (STA) module, and Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) for interpretability to extract flood-control scheduling rules for a reservoir group (i.e., multiple hydrologically or geographically connected reservoirs operated jointly). Using five reservoirs in the Yangtze River Basin as a case study, the model maps the previous T = 6 days of inflows, interval inflows, outflows, and water levels to the current-day outflow for each reservoir. Development data were partitioned by flood events into training and validation subsets; the 1998 historical flood was held out for independent testing, and the 100-year design flood was used as a stress test. Compared with LSTM and TCN baselines, BiTCN-STA-SHAP achieved strong development performance (reservoir-level NSE &gt; 0.90; group-mean NSE ≥ 0.94) and the best independent-test results (group-mean NSE = 0.97; MAPE = 7.75%). Under the 100-year stress test, it remained superior across most reservoirs, indicating robustness to extreme out-of-sample conditions. SHAP analyses reveal physically consistent patterns: previous-day inflow/outflow dominate, Jinping Level I–Ertan and Xiluodu–Xiangjiaba show strong linkages, and features related to the Three Gorges Reservoir are most influential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"669 ","pages":"Article 135083"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146110456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitivity and scale dependence of discretization and roughness in the hydrodynamic modeling of surface runoff caused by torrential rainfall","authors":"David Feldmann ,&nbsp;Patrick Laux ,&nbsp;Andreas Heckl ,&nbsp;Marinko Nujić ,&nbsp;Brian Böker ,&nbsp;Manfred Schindler ,&nbsp;Harald Kunstmann","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrodynamic surface runoff simulations are an effective method for assessing flash flood risks. In engineering, the lack of observations for model calibration poses a challenge. Therefore, understanding the sensitivity to specific model parameters is crucial for reliable flood protection planning. This study analyzes how surface discretization and roughness affect surface runoff generation and depression storage in a hydrodynamic 2D-model in a southern German alpine region.</div><div>We compare the runoff generation across five discretization methodologies at 211 selected locations within the model domain. These locations are associated with subcatchments ranging in size from 0.2 to 4 km².</div><div>The discretization methodologies comprise a one-meter grid refined with survey data, a two-meter grid, a high-resolution and low-resolution irregular mesh and a four-meter grid. These are combined with seven different depth-dependent and constant roughness parameterizations.</div><div>The sensitivity analysis shows that a higher depth-dependent roughness is needed to achieve comparable results to those of a coarse resolution model. Significant differences were observed with varying roughness parameterizations and meshing approaches. Modest alterations to surface resolution have the potential to yield deviations of up to 20% in maximum runoff. Coarser resolution models tend to create artificial depressions, leading to unrealistic water storage on hillsides.</div><div>These findings aid in identifying the sources of sensitivity in hydrodynamic surface runoff modeling, especially in ungauged basins and provide guidance on specific model setups. This is particularly relevant given the continued use of coarse-resolution models due to computational constraints and the availability of various roughness parameterizations, while calibration data are scarce.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"669 ","pages":"Article 135088"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146110458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sediment transport mechanisms in sediment-starved subaqueous deltas: insights from storm-induced gravity flows","authors":"Chunye Hu ,&nbsp;Fan Zhang ,&nbsp;Jin Li ,&nbsp;Xiaolei Liu ,&nbsp;Fei Xing ,&nbsp;Renzhi Li ,&nbsp;Hao Wu ,&nbsp;Heyu Yu ,&nbsp;Ya Ping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.134958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.134958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Subaqueous deltas worldwide are increasingly threatened by erosion, driven by the dual pressures of intensified storms and reduced fluvial sediment supply. An abandoned river delta, devoid of sediment input from its watershed, offers an ideal end-member case for investigating delta erosion processes. This study provides direct observational evidence of storm-driven sediment dynamics in such a sediment-starved delta, based on in situ measurements during both typical weather conditions and winter storms on the Abandoned Yellow River Delta, China. During storms, fluid mud layers, wave-induced seabed liquefaction, and gravity flows were directly observed. Fluid mud developed through two mechanisms: wave-induced liquefaction combined with strong bed shear stress; and suspended sediment settling during slack water under weak waves. To enable a more systematic assessment of gravity flow dynamics, we extended a previous analytical model by incorporating additional transport processes. Using this model, it was quantified that gravity flows contributed ∼ 49% of the total sediment transport exported from the subaqueous delta near the 10-m isobath, despite occurring during only ∼ 7% of the 18-day observation. These results highlight that storm-driven gravity flows can develop and play a pivotal role in controlling sediment balance even in sediment-starved subaqueous deltas. Our findings provide new insights into sediment dynamics of sediment-starved deltas under intensified storm forcing and offer a framework for understanding their long-term morphological evolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"668 ","pages":"Article 134958"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145957248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hidden contribution of canopy interception to afforestation-driven evapotranspiration enhancement","authors":"Zheng Li ,&nbsp;Panxing He ,&nbsp;Jianhua Xiao ,&nbsp;Zhiming Han ,&nbsp;Jun Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evapotranspiration (ET) and its components (plant transpiration, soil evaporation, and canopy interception) are central processes within regional and global water cycles. However, earlier research has examined how afforestation and deforestation influence total ET, systematic quantitative assessment of how these actions shift the relative contributions of ET components—especially under varying afforestation intensities—remains limited. In this study, we evaluated the changing patterns of ET and its components across multiple afforestation and deforestation scenarios using a global 30 m forest cover dataset and 500 m PML_V2 ET data. Our results indicate that, despite a clear trade-off between plant transpiration and soil evaporation, afforestation increased total ET by boosting both plant transpiration and canopy interception. This effect was particularly strong in tropical rainforests and temperate forests, where afforestation produced a more marked rise in ET. The increase mainly stemmed from shifts in leaf area and canopy structure, which enhanced precipitation interception and subsequent evaporation rather than soil infiltration, thereby lowering soil evaporation. Canopy interception played a crucial role under afforestation, especially when afforestation intensity was high, where its contribution to total ET grew substantially, becoming the primary driver of ET enhancement while compensating for the opposing tendencies of plant transpiration and soil evaporation. The response of ET components differs notably among forest types, with evergreen broadleaf forests showing the strongest shifts, whereas evergreen needleleaf and deciduous needleleaf forests exhibited more moderate changes. Through a global-scale assessment, this study is the first to quantify how afforestation intensity alters the components of ET, particularly canopy interception, offering useful guidance for ecological restoration and water resource strategies suited to different forest types.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"668 ","pages":"Article 135005"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146033577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imprints of terrestrial water fluxes on tropospheric stable water isotopes revealed by satellite observations and complex network analysis","authors":"Rohit Pradhan ,&nbsp;Raghavendra P. Singh ,&nbsp;Nimisha Singh ,&nbsp;Shard Chander ,&nbsp;Praveen K. Gupta ,&nbsp;Mihir K. Dash","doi":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the interaction between terrestrial and atmospheric water fluxes is critical for improving predictions of the hydrological cycle. In this study, we investigate the relationship between isotopic composition of atmospheric water vapor (δD₀₀₄) and the surface water balance (ET-P), using satellite-observed (AIRS) and model-based (isoGSM) datasets. Results show strong positive correlations (r &gt; 0.7) between δD₀₀₄ and ET–P over tropical forested regions, especially the Amazon, Congo Basin, and Southeast Asia. Nudged isoGSM demonstrated superior overall performance compared to free-running isoGSM, while AIRS satellite data proved more effective in the tropics. We construct a complex network between ET–P and δD₀₀₄ using time-lagged correlation across a 31-year period, identifying nearly 1.4 million significant links (p &lt; 0.001). The resulting network reveals both short- and long-range teleconnections, with a bimodal distribution of link lengths and dominant zero-lag interactions. High node connectivity was concentrated over the equatorial Pacific, eastern Indian Ocean, and tropical forests, showcasing the intertwined roles of vegetation and large-scale ocean–atmosphere dynamics. Regional case studies over the Amazon, Congo, and Northeast India highlighted distinct teleconnection patterns mediated by SST anomalies, Walker circulation, and moisture recycling. Our results demonstrate the utility of water vapor isotopes in constructing climate networks and offer a novel diagnostic tool for evaluating the performance of isotope-enabled climate and hydrological models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":362,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hydrology","volume":"669 ","pages":"Article 135087"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}