JMIR Aging最新文献

{"title":"Surveillance technology for people with dementia in nursing homes: a scoping review on the values of involved stakeholders.","authors":"Daniëlle van Gaans-Riteco, Annerieke Stoop, Eveline Wouters","doi":"10.2196/64074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/64074","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Due to the progressive nature of dementia, concerns about nursing home residents' safety are frequently raised. Surveillance technology, enabling visual and auditory monitoring, is often seen as a solution for ensuring safe and efficient care. However, tailoring surveillance technology to individual needs is challenging due to the complex and dynamic care environment involving multiple formal and informal stakeholders, each with unique perspectives.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the scientific literature on the perspectives and values of stakeholders involved in applying surveillance technology for people with dementia in nursing homes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a scoping review and systematically searched five scientific databases. We identified 31 articles published between 2005 and 2024. Stakeholder characteristics were extracted and synthesized according to Schwartz' theory of basic human values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve stakeholder groups were identified, with nursing staff, residents and informal caregivers being the most frequently mentioned. Among stakeholder groups close to residents, values related to benevolence, security, conformity and tradition were most commonly addressed. Further, values such as self-direction, power and achievement seemed important to most stakeholder groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Several stakeholder groups emphasized the importance of being and feeling involved in the application of surveillance technologies. Additionally, they acknowledged the necessity of paying attention to stakeholders' perspectives and values. Across these stakeholder groups, values related to benevolence, security, and self-direction were represented although various stakeholders assigned different meanings to these values. Awareness of stakeholders' perspectives demands a willingness to acknowledge each other's values and bridge differences.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrial: </strong></p>","PeriodicalId":36245,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Aging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of 3 Aging Metrics in Dual Declines to Capture All-Cause Dementia and Mortality Risk: Cohort Study.","authors":"Anying Bai, Shan He, Yu Jiang, Weihao Xu, Zhanyi Lin","doi":"10.2196/66104","DOIUrl":"10.2196/66104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The utility of aging metrics that incorporate cognitive and physical function is not fully understood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aim to compare the predictive capacities of 3 distinct aging metrics-motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR), physio-cognitive decline syndrome (PCDS), and cognitive frailty (CF)-for incident dementia and all-cause mortality among community-dwelling older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used longitudinal data from waves 10-15 of the Health and Retirement Study. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was employed to evaluate the effects of MCR, PCDS, and CF on incident all-cause dementia and mortality, controlling for socioeconomic and lifestyle factors, as well as medical comorbidities. Discrimination analysis was conducted to assess and compare the predictive accuracy of the 3 aging metrics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2367 older individuals aged 65 years and older, with no baseline prevalence of dementia or disability, were ultimately included. The prevalence rates of MCR, PCDS, and CF were 5.4%, 6.3%, and 1.3%, respectively. Over a decade-long follow-up period, 341 cases of dementia and 573 deaths were recorded. All 3 metrics were predictive of incident all-cause dementia and mortality when adjusting for multiple confounders, with variations in the strength of their associations (incident dementia: MCR odds ratio [OR] 1.90, 95% CI 1.30-2.78; CF 5.06, 95% CI 2.87-8.92; PCDS 3.35, 95% CI 2.44-4.58; mortality: MCR 1.60, 95% CI 1.17-2.19; CF 3.26, 95% CI 1.99-5.33; and PCDS 1.58, 95% CI 1.17-2.13). The C-index indicated that PCDS and MCR had the highest discriminatory accuracy for all-cause dementia and mortality, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite the inherent differences among the aging metrics that integrate cognitive and physical functions, they consistently identified risks of dementia and mortality. This underscores the importance of implementing targeted preventive strategies and intervention programs based on these metrics to enhance the overall quality of life and reduce premature deaths in aging populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":36245,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Aging","volume":"8 ","pages":"e66104"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11801771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Internet-Based Supportive Interventions for Family Caregivers of People With Dementia: Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Yanhong Xie, Shanshan Shen, Caixia Liu, Hong Hong, Huilan Guan, Jingmei Zhang, Wanqi Yu","doi":"10.2196/69493","DOIUrl":"10.2196/69493","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36245,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Aging","volume":"8 ","pages":"e69493"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11797074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143060834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison of Patient and Provider Perspectives on an Electronic Health Record-Based Discharge Communication Tool: Survey Study.","authors":"Dorothy Yingxuan Wang, Eliza Lai-Yi Wong, Annie Wai-Ling Cheung, Kam-Shing Tang, Eng-Kiong Yeoh","doi":"10.2196/60506","DOIUrl":"10.2196/60506","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Hospital discharge for older adult patients carries risks. Effective patient-provider communication is crucial for postacute care. Technology-based communication tools are promising in improving patient experience and outcomes. However, there is limited evidence comparing patient and provider user experiences on a large-scale basis, hindering the exploration of true patient-provider shared understanding.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to evaluate an electronic health record-based discharge communication tool by examining and comparing patient and provider perspectives.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study comprised a cross-sectional self-administered staff survey and a pre-post cross-sectional patient survey. Physicians, nurses, and older adult patients aged 65 years and older discharged from 4 public hospitals were included. Patient-provider comparison items focused on 3 aspects of the design quality of the tool (information clarity, adequacy, and usefulness) and overall satisfaction with the tool. In addition, patients' experience of discharge information and their medication-taking behaviors before and after the program implementation were compared based on a validated local patient experience survey instrument. Providers' perceived usefulness of this tool to their work and implementation intentions were measured based on the technology acceptance model to enhance understanding of their experiences by conducting structural equation modeling analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 1375 and 2353 valid responses were received from providers and patients, respectively. Patients' overall satisfaction with this communication tool is significantly higher than providers', and patients rated the information clarity and usefulness presented by this tool higher as well (P&lt;.001). However, patients rated information adequacy significantly lower than providers (P&lt;.001). Meanwhile, patients reported a significant improvement in their experience of discharge medication information, and fewer patients reported side effects encounters after the program implementation (126/1083, 11.6% vs 111/1235, 9%; P=.04). However, providers showed inconsistent implementation fidelity. Providers' perceived quality of the tool design (β coefficient=0.24, 95% CI 0.08-0.40) and perceived usefulness to their work (β coefficient=0.57, 95% CI 0.43-0.71) significantly impacted their satisfaction. Satisfaction can significantly impact implementation intentions (β coefficient=0.40, 95% CI 0.17-0.64), which further impacts implementation behaviors (β coefficient=0.16, 95% CI 0.10-0.23).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;A notable disparity exists between patients and health care providers. This may hinder the achievement of the tool's benefits. Future research should aim for a comprehensive overview of implementation barriers and corresponding strategies to enhance staff performance and facilitate patient-provider","PeriodicalId":36245,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Aging","volume":"8 ","pages":"e60506"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11796482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Feasibility of a 5-Week mHealth Intervention to Enhance Physical Activity and an Active, Healthy Lifestyle in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Mixed Methods Study.","authors":"Kim Daniels, Sharona Vonck, Jolien Robijns, Kirsten Quadflieg, Jochen Bergs, Annemie Spooren, Dominique Hansen, Bruno Bonnechère","doi":"10.2196/63348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/63348","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Advancements in mobile technology have paved the way for innovative interventions aimed at promoting physical activity (PA).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The main objective of this feasibility study was to assess the feasibility, usability, and acceptability of the More In Action (MIA) app, designed to promote PA among older adults. MIA offers 7 features: personalized tips, PA literacy, guided peer workouts, a community calendar, a personal activity diary, a progression monitor, and a chatbot.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Our study used a mixed methods approach to evaluate the MIA app's acceptability, feasibility, and usability. First, a think-aloud method was used to provide immediate feedback during initial app use. Participants then integrated the app into their daily activities for 5 weeks. Behavioral patterns such as user session duration, feature use frequency, and navigation paths were analyzed, focusing on engagement metrics and user interactions. User satisfaction was assessed using the System Usability Scale, Net Promoter Score, and Customer Satisfaction Score. Qualitative data from focus groups conducted after the 5-week intervention helped gather insights into user experiences. Participants were recruited using a combination of web-based and offline strategies, including social media outreach, newspaper advertisements, and presentations at older adult organizations and local community services. Our target group consisted of native Dutch-speaking older adults aged &gt;65 years who were not affected by severe illnesses. Initial assessments and focus groups were conducted in person, whereas the intervention itself was web based.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The study involved 30 participants with an average age of 70.3 (SD 4.8) years, of whom 57% (17/30) were female. The app received positive ratings, with a System Usability Scale score of 77.4 and a Customer Satisfaction Score of 86.6%. Analysis showed general satisfaction with the app's workout videos, which were used in 585 sessions with a median duration of 14 (IQR 0-34) minutes per day. The Net Promoter Score was 33.34, indicating a good level of customer loyalty. Qualitative feedback highlighted the need for improvements in navigation, content relevance, and social engagement features, with suggestions for better calendar visibility, workout customization, and enhanced social features. Overall, the app demonstrated high usability and satisfaction, with near-daily engagement from participants.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The MIA app shows significant potential for promoting PA among older adults, evidenced by its high usability and satisfaction scores. Participants engaged with the app nearly daily, particularly appreciating the workout videos and educational content. Future enhancements should focus on better calendar visibility, workout customization, and integrating social networking features to foster community and support. In addi","PeriodicalId":36245,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Aging","volume":"8 ","pages":"e63348"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wearable Smartphone-Based Multisensory Feedback System for Torso Posture Correction: Iterative Design and Within-Subjects Study.","authors":"Amanda Polin Pereira, Olibario Jose Machado Neto, Valeria Meirelles Carril Elui, Maria da Graca Campos Pimentel","doi":"10.2196/55455","DOIUrl":"10.2196/55455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of stroke is high in both males and females, and it rises with age. Stroke often leads to sensor and motor issues, such as hemiparesis affecting one side of the body. Poststroke patients require torso stabilization exercises, but maintaining proper posture can be challenging due to their condition.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our goal was to develop the Postural SmartVest, an affordable wearable technology that leverages a smartphone's built-in accelerometer to monitor sagittal and frontal plane changes while providing visual, tactile, and auditory feedback to guide patients in achieving their best-at-the-time posture during rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To design the Postural SmartVest, we conducted brainstorming sessions, therapist interviews, gathered requirements, and developed the first prototype. We used this initial prototype in a feasibility study with individuals without hemiparesis (n=40, average age 28.4). They used the prototype during 1-hour seated sessions. Their feedback led to a second prototype, which we used in a pilot study with a poststroke patient. After adjustments and a kinematic assessment using the Vicon Gait Plug-in system, the third version became the Postural SmartVest. We assessed the Postural SmartVest in a within-subject experiment with poststroke patients (n=40, average age 57.1) and therapists (n=20, average age 31.3) during rehabilitation sessions. Participants engaged in daily activities, including walking and upper limb exercises, without and with app feedback.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Postural SmartVest comprises a modified off-the-shelf athletic lightweight compression tank top with a transparent pocket designed to hold a smartphone running a customizable Android app securely. This app continuously monitors sagittal and frontal plane changes using the built-in accelerometer sensor, providing multisensory feedback through audio, vibration, and color changes. Patients reported high ratings for weight, comfort, dimensions, effectiveness, ease of use, stability, durability, and ease of adjustment. Therapists noted a positive impact on rehabilitation sessions and expressed their willingness to recommend it. A 2-tailed t-test showed a significant difference (P<.001) between the number of the best-at-the-time posture positions patients could maintain in 2 stages, without feedback (mean 13.1, SD 7.12) and with feedback (mean 4.2, SD 3.97), demonstrating the effectiveness of the solution in improving posture awareness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Postural SmartVest aids therapists during poststroke rehabilitation sessions and assists patients in improving their posture during these sessions.</p>","PeriodicalId":36245,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Aging","volume":"8 ","pages":"e55455"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11809616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of a Predictive Model Based on Serum Silent Information Regulator 6 Levels in Chinese Older Adult Patients: Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study.","authors":"Yuzi You, Wei Liang, Yajie Zhao","doi":"10.2196/64374","DOIUrl":"10.2196/64374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Serum levels of silent information regulator 6 (SIRT6), a key biomarker of aging, were identified as a predictor of coronary artery disease (CAD), but whether SIRT6 can distinguish severity of coronary artery lesions in older adult patients is unknown.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study developed a nomogram to demonstrate the functionality of SIRT6 in assessing severity of coronary artery atherosclerosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients aged 60 years and older with angina pectoris were screened for this single-center clinical study between October 1, 2022, and March 31, 2023. Serum specimens of eligible patients were collected for SIRT6 detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical data and putative predictors, including 29 physiological characteristics, biochemical parameters, carotid artery ultrasonographic results, and complete coronary angiography findings, were evaluated, with CAD diagnosis as the primary outcome. The nomogram was derived from the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model, with logistic regression for variable selection. Model performance was assessed by examining discrimination, calibration, and clinical use separately. A 10-fold cross-validation technique was used to compare all models. The models' performance was further evaluated on the internal validation set to ensure that the obtained results were not due to overoptimization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eligible patients (n=222) were divided into 2 cohorts: the development cohort (n=178) and the validation cohort (n=44). Serum SIRT6 levels were identified as both an independent risk factor and a predictor for CAD in older adults. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was 0.725 (95% CI 0.653-0.797). The optimal cutoff value of SIRT6 for predicting CAD was 546.384 pg/mL. Predictors included in this nomogram were serum SIRT6 levels, triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, and apolipoprotein B. The model achieved an AUROC of 0.956 (95% CI 0.928-0.983) in the development cohort. Similarly, in the internal validation cohort, the AUROC was 0.913 (95% CI 0.828-0.999). All models demonstrated satisfactory calibration, with predicted outcomes closely aligning with actual results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SIRT6 shows promise in predicting CAD, with enhanced predictive abilities when combined with the TyG index. In clinical settings, monitoring fluctuations in SIRT6 and TyG may offer valuable insights for early CAD detection. The nomogram for CAD outcome prediction in older adult patients with angina pectoris may aid in clinical trial design and personalized clinical decision-making, particularly in institutions where SIRT6 is being explored as a biomarker for aging or cardiovascular health.</p>","PeriodicalId":36245,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Aging","volume":"8 ","pages":"e64374"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143034521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Dance as a Therapeutic Approach for Parkinson Disease Through the Social Robotics for Active and Healthy Ageing (SI-Robotics): Results From a Technical Feasibility Study.","authors":"Roberta Bevilacqua, Elvira Maranesi, Marco Benadduci, Gabriella Cortellessa, Alessandro Umbrico, Francesca Fracasso, Giovanni Melone, Arianna Margaritini, Angela La Forgia, Pierpaolo Di Bitonto, Ada Potenza, Laura Fiorini, Carlo La Viola, Filippo Cavallo, Alessandro Leone, Andrea Caroppo, Gabriele Rescio, Mauro Marzorati, Amedeo Cesta, Giuseppe Pelliccioni, Giovanni Renato Riccardi, Lorena Rossi","doi":"10.2196/62930","DOIUrl":"10.2196/62930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor symptoms. Recently, dance has started to be considered an effective intervention for people with PD. Several findings in the literature emphasize the necessity for deeper exploration into the synergistic impacts of dance therapy and exergaming for PD management. Moreover, socially engaging robotic platforms equipped with advanced interaction and perception features offer potential for monitoring patients' posture and enhancing workout routines with tailored cues.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This paper presents the results of the Social Robotics for Active and Healthy Ageing (SI-Robotics) project, aimed at designing an innovative rehabilitation program targeted at seniors affected by (early-stage) PD. This study therefore aims to assess the usefulness of a dance-based rehabilitation program enriched by artificial intelligence-based exergames and contextual robotic assistance in improving motor function, balance, gait, and quality of life in patients with PD. The acceptability of the system is also investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study is designed as a technical feasibility pilot to test the SI-Robotics system. For this study, 20 patients with PD were recruited. A total of 16 Irish dance-based rehabilitation sessions of 50 minutes were conducted (2 sessions per week, for 8 wks), involving 2 patients at a time. The designed rehabilitation session involves three main actors: (1) a therapist, (2) a patient, and (3) a socially interacting robot. To stimulate engagement, sessions were organized in the shape of exergames where an avatar shows patients the movements they should perform to correctly carry out a dance-based rehabilitation exercise.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistical analysis reveals a significant difference on the Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment scale, both on balance and gait aspects, together with improvements in Short Physical Performance Battery, Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale-III, and Timed Up and Go test, underlying the usefulness of the rehabilitation intervention on the motor symptoms of PD. The analysis of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology subscales provided valuable insights into users' perceptions and interactions with the system.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This research underscores the promise of merging dance therapy with interactive exergaming on a robotic platform as an innovative strategy to enhance motor function, balance, gait, and overall quality of life for patients grappling with PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":36245,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Aging","volume":"8 ","pages":"e62930"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Physical Exercise on Telomere Length: Umbrella Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Juan Luis Sánchez-González, Juan Luis Sánchez-Rodríguez, Rogelio González-Sarmiento, Víctor Navarro-López, Raúl Juárez-Vela, Jesús Pérez, Javier Martín-Vallejo","doi":"10.2196/64539","DOIUrl":"10.2196/64539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Telomere length (TL) is a marker of cellular health and aging. Physical exercise has been associated with longer telomeres and, therefore, healthier aging. However, results supporting such effects vary across studies. Our aim was to synthesize existing evidence on the effect of different modalities and durations of physical exercise on TL.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to explore the needs and expectations of individuals with physical disabilities and their interventionists for the use of a virtual reality physical activity platform in a community organization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed an umbrella review and meta-analysis. Data sources included PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus. We selected systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized and nonrandomized controlled clinical trials evaluating the effect of physical exercise on TL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our literature search retrieved 12 eligible systematic reviews, 5 of which included meta-analyses. We identified 22 distinct primary studies to estimate the overall effect size of physical exercise on TL. The overall effect size was 0.28 (95% CI 0.118-0.439), with a heterogeneity test value Q of 43.08 (P=.003) and I² coefficient of 51%. The number of weeks of intervention explained part of this heterogeneity (Q_B=8.25; P=.004), with higher effect sizes found in studies with an intervention of less than 30 weeks. Exercise modality explained additional heterogeneity within this subgroup (Q_B=10.28, P=.02). The effect sizes were small for aerobic exercise and endurance training, and moderate for high-intensity interval training.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our umbrella review and meta-analysis detected a small-moderate positive effect of physical exercise on TL, which seems to be influenced by the duration and type of physical exercise. High quality studies looking into the impact of standardized, evidence-based physical exercise programs on TL are still warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":36245,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Aging","volume":"8 ","pages":"e64539"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11755188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing a Multimodal and Culturally Relevant Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementia Generative Artificial Intelligence Tool for Black American Informal Caregivers: Cognitive Walk-Through Usability Study.","authors":"Cristina Bosco, Ege Otenen, John Osorio Torres, Vivian Nguyen, Darshil Chheda, Xinran Peng, Nenette M Jessup, Anna K Himes, Bianca Cureton, Yvonne Lu, Carl V Hill, Hugh C Hendrie, Priscilla A Barnes, Patrick C Shih","doi":"10.2196/60566","DOIUrl":"10.2196/60566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many members of Black American communities, faced with the high prevalence of Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD) within their demographic, find themselves taking on the role of informal caregivers. Despite being the primary individuals responsible for the care of individuals with ADRD, these caregivers often lack sufficient knowledge about ADRD-related health literacy and feel ill-prepared for their caregiving responsibilities. Generative AI has become a new promising technological innovation in the health care domain, particularly for improving health literacy; however, some generative AI developments might lead to increased bias and potential harm toward Black American communities. Therefore, rigorous development of generative AI tools to support the Black American community is needed.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The goal of this study is to test Lola, a multimodal mobile app, which, by relying on generative AI, facilitates access to ADRD-related health information by enabling speech and text as inputs and providing auditory, textual, and visual outputs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To test our mobile app, we used the cognitive walk-through methodology, and we recruited 15 informal ADRD caregivers who were older than 50 years and part of the Black American community living within the region. We asked them to perform 3 tasks on the mobile app (ie, searching for an article on brain health, searching for local events, and finally, searching for opportunities to participate in scientific research in their area), then we recorded their opinions and impressions. The main aspects to be evaluated were the mobile app's usability, accessibility, cultural relevance, and adoption.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings highlight the users' need for a system that enables interaction with different modalities, the need for a system that can provide personalized and culturally and contextually relevant information, and the role of community and physical spaces in increasing the use of Lola.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study shows that, when designing for Black American older adults, a multimodal interaction with the generative AI system can allow individuals to choose their own interaction way and style based upon their interaction preferences and external constraints. This flexibility of interaction modes can guarantee an inclusive and engaging generative AI experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":36245,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Aging","volume":"8 ","pages":"e60566"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11754989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}