JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting最新文献

{"title":"Caring for a Child With Cerebral Palsy: Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Anwar B Almutairi, Zainab Jasem, Amneh Sadeq, Maraheb Alkhalidi","doi":"10.2196/89774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/89774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Caregivers of children with cerebral palsy (CP) encounter unique challenges that are not common in typical families. The distress of these families starts in the diagnosis period, which is marked by a \"wait and see\" approach, and continues because of the lack of a clear prognosis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to identify the level of perceived ease of care faced by families of children with CP in Kuwait and its effect on their satisfaction with daily activities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study recruited caregivers of children with CP aged 5 to 16 years. The Ease of Caregiving for Children (ECC) scale, the self-care domain of the Child Engagement in Daily Life Measure (CEDLM), and the Satisfaction with Daily Occupations (SDO) questionnaire were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-three caregivers participated (mean age 39.77, SD 7.56 years; children's mean age 8.04, SD 2.57 years; Gross Motor Function Classification System: level I, n=18; level II, n=10; level III, n=13; level IV, n=5; and level V, n=7). ECC score was significantly correlated with SDO score (<i>P</i>=.03) and the participation score in the self-care scale of the CEDLM (<i>P</i>=.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Challenges of caring for a child with CP are positively correlated with caregivers' satisfaction with daily activities and the child's self-care abilities. Regular check-ins with caregivers and the establishment of support groups for caregivers would help with providing help sooner. Qualitative assessment is needed to explore these challenges in this region.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"9 ","pages":"e89774"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13492187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expectant and New Mothers' Use of Facebook Private Groups to Learn About Infant Sleep and Feeding Practices: Descriptive Qualitative Study.","authors":"Rebecca F Carlin, Rachel Y Moon, Fern R Hauck, Margaret G Parker, Emma Forbes, Katherine Boguszewski, Ann Kellams, Eve R Colson","doi":"10.2196/85640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2196/85640","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sudden and unexpected infant death is a leading cause of postneonatal death in the United States. Following recommended infant care practices such as safe sleep and breastfeeding reduces the risk of sudden and unexpected infant death. Parents use social media to help them make decisions about infant care practices.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of our qualitative study was to explore mothers' perspectives on the acceptability of Facebook private groups for providing education on infant care practices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a descriptive qualitative study that recruited a purposeful sample of pregnant persons and mothers who recently gave birth; all were clients of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children in 1 of 2 states. We conducted in-depth interviews that were analyzed inductively through a systematic, iterative process using an interview guide. We asked participants about their perspectives regarding the use of Facebook private groups for learning about infant care practices, including sleep practices and breastfeeding. Data were collected until data sufficiency was reached.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 22 participants, 13 (59.1%) were Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children clients from Rhode Island, and 9 (40.9%) were from Virginia. While participants' use of Facebook in general varied, all either used Facebook private groups to obtain infant care practice guidance about safe sleep and breastfeeding or liked the idea of using specifically Facebook private groups to disseminate this information to pregnant persons and new parents. Participants reported using Facebook private groups for three main purposes: (1) information seeking, (2) the experience of engaging with Facebook private groups, and (3) social connectedness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Facebook private groups were endorsed by the participants for providing mothers with information about infant care practices. Participants outlined their reasons for and experience with the use of Facebook private groups, which can inform effective use of the platform for educational interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"9 ","pages":"e85640"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13492726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescents' Preferences, Experiences, and Views of 2 Online Programs for Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms: Qualitative Interview Study.","authors":"Paula Kuberka, Madeleine Chilton, Katharine Pike, Roz Shafran, Lucy Yardley","doi":"10.2196/84384","DOIUrl":"10.2196/84384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anxiety and depression are among the most prevalent mental health problems affecting adolescents. Digital mental health interventions have emerged as promising means of addressing these challenges. Understanding adolescents' experiences and perspectives, and incorporating them into intervention design, can enhance their relevance, engagement, and effectiveness, ensuring interventions meet young people's needs.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This qualitative study aimed to identify how adolescents aged 16-19 years engaged with 2 distinct interventions (Bite Back [Black Dog Institute] and Project YES [Youth Empowerment & Support; Lab for Scalable Mental Health and Koko]). It explored (1) barriers and facilitators to engagement, (2) young people's preferred design features and content, and (3) perceptions of their potential usefulness and helpfulness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adolescents aged 16-19 years living in the United Kingdom were eligible to take part and were recruited through a university and a charity using convenience sampling. The final sample comprised 22 participants aged 18-19 years. They were asked to use Bite Back and Project YES for 30 minutes each over a 2-week period. Following this, 1-hour semistructured online interviews were conducted between January and March 2025. Anonymized transcripts were managed in NVivo (version 14; Lumivero) and analyzed using a pragmatic, inductive thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven themes were identified that captured young people's views on factors influencing engagement, preferred design features and content, and the perceived usefulness of digital mental health interventions. Participants' views were shaped by whether the content felt age-appropriate, culturally relevant, and relatable, and by how clear and transparent the interventions were. Interactive, visually appealing, and tailored features were generally preferred. Although most participants found Bite Back helpful, useful elements were identified in both interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study contributes to the growing understanding of how young people engage with digital mental health interventions by identifying a set of interconnected factors that influence young people's experiences. It highlights the importance of designing interventions that align with young people's stage of life, culture, and experiences. Even small age differences appeared to influence how relevant the interventions felt to the individual. Furthermore, involving young people in co-design and ensuring clear, accessible communication may support trust and engagement, ultimately enhancing the benefits of such interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"9 ","pages":"e84384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13484819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148799016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurobiosensory and Visual Patterns of Attentional and Emotional Functioning in Children Using Machine Learning: Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ana Paula Azevedo, Andreia Sousa, Marta Evangelista, Ana Veloso, M Graça Pereira","doi":"10.2196/90041","DOIUrl":"10.2196/90041","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Attentional functioning in childhood emerges from the interaction between cognitive, behavioral, and emotional processes. Children with these vulnerabilities frequently exhibit executive function deficits, including working memory, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and processing speed, which compromise the ability to regulate attention, plan, and organize tasks, and modulate emotional responses, highlighting the need for screening approaches that integrate multiple dimensions of child functioning.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to develop and evaluate an automated, real-time, and simultaneous multimodal screening approach capable of identifying individualized cognitive-emotional-attentional profiles and behavior patterns in children through the integration of oculomotor, emotional, and neuropsychological measures, supporting earlier detection and personalized interventions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A cross-sectional design was used to assess a sample of 260 children aged 7-15 years through a multimodal approach integrating neuropsychological tests (2- and 3-symbol cancellation tasks from the Coimbra Neuropsychological Assessment Battery; Trail Making Test Parts A and B), eye-tracking metrics, and automated facial emotion recognition during rapid naming and emotion recognition tasks. Oculomotor, emotional, and cognitive data were captured simultaneously and in real time, enabling dynamic characterization of cognitive-emotional interactions at millisecond resolution during task performance. A machine learning pipeline based on a random forest classifier, with a gradient boosting surrogate model used for Shapley additive explanations interpretability analyses, analyzed these data to differentiate children with lower attentional performance from children with normative attentional performance.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The random forest classifier achieved the best performance in the exploratory 80/20 hold-out evaluation (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve=0.9527; F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-score=0.9055; accuracy=94.2%; sensitivity=88.5%; specificity=100%). To validate the absence of test-set selection bias, a nested 5×5 stratified cross-validation was conducted with model selection based exclusively on inner-fold F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-scores. The negligible difference between nested cross-validated area under the curve (AUC; mean 0.9506, SD 0.0378) and the hold-out AUC (ΔAUC=0.0021) confirmed that the original result was not inflated. Children with lower attentional performance showed increased emotional reactivity, greater gaze instability, fragmented visual exploration patterns, higher variability in fixation behavior, and more frequent impulsive saccadic movements during emotionally salient tasks. Anger and fear stimuli showed stronger discriminative value across attentional performance levels, suggesting that emotional processing modulates attentional allocation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;st","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":" ","pages":"e90041"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13504248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148438275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and Acceptability of a Digital Indoor Air Quality Monitor Among Children with Asthma.","authors":"Olivia Orr, Kyle Honegger, Lizbeth Sanchez, Kiran Bhat, Sai Nimmagadda, Kristin Kan","doi":"10.2196/92070","DOIUrl":"10.2196/92070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Unlabelled: </strong>This pilot study examined the feasibility and acceptability of implementing a digital in-home air quality monitor among families with children with asthma (N=20). Interview and survey data indicated that the use of this tool was both feasible and acceptable, while highlighting affordability as an important concern for use in future clinical practice for asthma management.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"9 ","pages":"e92070"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13450806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148689868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Digital Storytelling and Immersive Technology Interventions in Reducing Preoperative Anxiety Among Children: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Fatimah Abdulaziz Almuqad, Ghaida Talea Alsaedi, Taif Abdulwahab Alahmadi, Sulafah Ibrahim Alalawi, Redwan Mohammed Mulla, Renad Marzouq Almohammadi, Maher Abulfaraj","doi":"10.2196/92880","DOIUrl":"10.2196/92880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preoperative anxiety affects an estimated 50% to 70% of children undergoing surgery and is associated with poorer perioperative cooperation, increased postoperative distress, and delayed recovery. Digital storytelling and immersive technologies, including virtual reality and augmented reality, have emerged as child-centered preparation tools to improve the preoperative experience.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize and critically appraise the available evidence on the effects of these interventions in reducing preoperative anxiety among pediatric patients undergoing elective surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library for studies published between January 2015 and June 2025. Randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies evaluating digital storytelling (eg, narrative-based apps or videos) or immersive technologies (eg, virtual reality or augmented reality) were included. Preoperative anxiety was assessed using validated measures such as the Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, or Visual Analog Scale. Further, 2 reviewers independently screened studies and extracted data. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool version 2. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed in R using standardized mean differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 379 records were identified, and 13 studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies reported lower preoperative anxiety in intervention groups compared with standard care or conventional preparation. Further, 9 studies provided sufficient comparable data for meta-analysis, showing a significant pooled reduction in anxiety favoring digital interventions (standardized mean difference=-0.67, 95% CI -0.93 to -0.41), with substantial heterogeneity (I²=79.3%, P<.001). Overall risk of bias was high in most trials, primarily due to deviations from intended interventions and limitations in blinding.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review suggests a trend toward reduced preoperative anxiety among pediatric patients receiving digital storytelling and immersive technology-based interventions. However, the certainty of evidence is limited by substantial heterogeneity, the small number of studies included in the meta-analysis, variability in outcome measures, and overall study quality. Therefore, the pooled estimate should be interpreted with caution. Further high-quality studies using standardized outcomes and robust methodology are needed, including evaluation of parental anxiety and longer-term postoperative effects.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>PROSPERO CRD420251111293; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251111293.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":" ","pages":"e92880"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of a German High-Frequency Neonatal and Pediatric Intensive Care Dataset (AIx-Neo-Guard Dataset): Secondary Data Cohort Study.","authors":"Lena Sophie Olivier, Camelia Lauterbach Oprea, André Stollenwerk, Thorsten Orlikowsky, Mark Schoberer","doi":"10.2196/94280","DOIUrl":"10.2196/94280","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Available information about existing neonatal and pediatric intensive care datasets is scarce.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective was to evaluate the feasibility of a monocentric high-frequency dataset of neonatal and pediatric intensive care patients in a cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included patients treated in the neonatal and pediatric tertiary care intensive care unit at Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Germany. The dataset comprised high-frequency data on bedside monitoring and ventilation, CO₂ monitoring, laboratory results, important diagnoses and interventions, patient characteristics, and manual annotations (including procedures, eg, intubation and X-rays; and states and illnesses, such as episodes of apnea of prematurity and patient-ventilator asynchronies).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 400 admissions (227 neonatal and 173 pediatric) from 359 patients were included between September 2024 and January 2026. Of these, 28 neonates were extremely preterm, 34 were very preterm, 68 were moderate to late preterm, and 97 were term infants, with an overall median gestational age of 35 (IQR 31-38) weeks and a median birth weight of 1805 (IQR 1446-3251) g. The pediatric population comprised 34 infants aged younger than 1 year, 45 toddlers aged 1 to 5 years, 43 children aged 6 to 12 years, and 51 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years, with a median age of 10.6 (IQR 1.2-13.0) years and a median admission weight of 22 (IQR 11-50) kg. Overall, 77% (400/517) of all eligible patients were enrolled in the study. The dataset comprised 3600 patient days with more than 20,000 manual annotations (approximately 3 TB) and has been used for multiple use cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The high temporal resolution allows for detailed characterization of patient states. To our knowledge, there are no published descriptions of comparable European high-frequency neonatal or pediatric intensive care datasets. We share information about our dataset to encourage cross-institutional cooperation. The multicenter pooling of data or federated learning increases possible use cases by enabling new research questions or the development of more robust algorithms.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"9 ","pages":"e94280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13476729/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148631902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a Music-Based Mobile Health Intervention for Parents and Staff in Neonatal Care and Beyond: Online Focus Group Study.","authors":"Julia Seinsche, Bettina Schwind, Jörg Haslbeck, Rosa Ms Visscher, Dirk Bassler, Friederike B Haslbeck","doi":"10.2196/85344","DOIUrl":"10.2196/85344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Creative music therapy (CMT) in preterm infants has been associated with improved health outcomes in both parents and infants while promoting parent-infant bonding. However, access to CMT is limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the needs and preferences of parents of preterm infants and health care professionals as a first step in developing a CMT-based mobile health (mHealth) intervention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An iterative qualitative study combining multistakeholder online focus groups with mind mapping. Map contributions were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 20 participants (7 parents, 1 grandparent, and 12 health care professionals) contributed to creating the mind map, offering insights into the identified five themes: (1) aims of the mHealth intervention, (2) desired functions and design, (3) content, (4) important factors for acceptability, and (5) usability beyond the neonatal intensive care unit.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study highlights critical considerations for designing a CMT-based mHealth intervention. The in-depth user insights gathered will inform iterative development and refinement of the intervention, which will be evaluated in future usability, feasibility, and effectiveness studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"9 ","pages":"e85344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13469829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148608263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Picterus Jaundice Pro App for Neonatal Jaundice Screening by Parents: Prospective Mixed Methods Study.","authors":"Frouke J Terpstra, Ariela Hazan, Elkana Kohn, Matitiahu Berkovitch, Tjalling W de Vries, Jasper V Been, Peter H Dijk, Christian V Hulzebos","doi":"10.2196/83077","DOIUrl":"10.2196/83077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neonatal jaundice is a very common condition in the first week of life requiring timely recognition of the small subset of neonates at risk of developing severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (SNH). Total serum bilirubin, as quantified through blood testing, remains the gold standard for diagnosis, whereas screening based on visual inspection has been proven unreliable in identifying which jaundiced neonates require total serum bilirubin. Picterus Jaundice Pro (JP) is a mobile health app developed for use by health care professionals and parents to screen for imminent SNH. However, parental user experiences with Picterus JP remain largely unexplored.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the usability and user-friendliness of Picterus JP when used and evaluated by parents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between August 2023 and January 2025, we conducted a prospective mixed methods study at 3 maternity care settings: the maternity wards of 2 hospitals in the Netherlands and 1 hospital in Israel. Parents were invited to participate if their infant was near term born (gestational age of ≥35 weeks) and at least 12 hours old but still in the first week of life. Parents used Picterus JP once according to the manufacturer's instructions. Immediately afterward, usability was evaluated using the validated mHealth App Usability Questionnaire, an instrument measured on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (\"strongly disagree\") to 7 (\"strongly agree\"), and open-ended questions. A subset of parents and nurses participated in semistructured interviews and focus groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 123 parents completed the questionnaire. The median mHealth App Usability Questionnaire score was 6 (IQR 5-7) out of 7. A total of 87.7% (100/114) of the parents indicated that they would use Picterus JP at home. Parents reported that they found the app easy, quick, and convenient, although 55.8% (67/120) reported a failure on the first try. Some parents struggled to find or interpret the instructions, but most of those who tried again (79/105, 75.2%) obtained a bilirubin estimate. Additionally, 12 nurses from 2 participating maternity wards provided their observations on parents' use of Picterus JP in 2 focus groups. Thematic analysis of all combined data identified 3 themes that were considered important for the usability of Picterus JP: intention to use Picterus JP, infant well-being, and instruction and guidance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Parents rated Picterus JP highly in terms of usability despite encountering difficulties during initial use. Technical improvements and more proactive guidance seem important to support successful parental use. Nonetheless, both parents and nurses were positive about the potential of Picterus JP for home screening for SNH.</p>","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"9 ","pages":"e83077"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458348/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148608294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI and Chatbot-Supported Interventions for Physical Activity and Obesity-Related Lifestyle Behaviors: Scoping Review With Attention to Family Involvement.","authors":"Qianxia Jiang, Xiayu Summer Chen, Dev Patel, Keith Brazendale, Sualba Alejandro","doi":"10.2196/98889","DOIUrl":"10.2196/98889","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;AI-enabled chatbots and related conversational systems can facilitate human-computer interaction through natural language, personalization, and automated support. In pediatric health promotion, these tools have the potential to provide scalable and flexible approaches to support physical activity (PA) and related lifestyle behavior change within family contexts. However, evidence regarding AI and chatbot-supported interventions for PA and obesity-related lifestyle behaviors among children and adolescents remains limited, and the extent to which these interventions involve parents, caregivers, or families has not been clearly characterized.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This scoping review aimed to provide an up-to-date overview of how AI and chatbot-supported interventions are designed, delivered, and evaluated for PA and obesity-related lifestyle behaviors among children and adolescents, with attention to technology characteristics, family involvement, delivery platforms, outcomes, and research gaps.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In accordance with PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guideline, 7 databases (PubMed, Web of Science, APA PsycINFO, Academic Search Complete, CINAHL Ultimate, IEEE Xplore, and Scopus) were searched through February 2026. Two reviewers independently conducted title and abstract screening, followed by full-text screening in Rayyan (Qatar Computing Research Institute). Eligible studies involved children, adolescents, or families; evaluated an AI-enabled chatbot, conversational agent, or related digital system; and addressed PA, exercise, sedentary behavior, screen time, obesity, overweight, or weight management. Diet, sleep, and other lifestyle outcomes were extracted when reported within otherwise eligible studies. Data were extracted and synthesized narratively in accordance with research objectives.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Of 2730 records identified, 14 studies met inclusion criteria. Most were published in 2023 or later (n=12, 85.7%) and spanned 10 countries. Mobile app delivery was most common (n=9, 64.3%). AI approaches included rule-based chatbots, hybrid personalization systems, generative AI, and single studies using recommender systems or computer vision. A total of 10 studies (71.4%) included a specific parent, caregiver, or family component. Common intervention features were personalized feedback (n=10, 71.4%), self-monitoring (n=9, 64.3%), and education (n=9, 64.3%). PA was the most common target behavior, often within broader obesity or healthy lifestyle interventions. Among 8 studies reporting direct PA or fitness outcomes, 4 showed significant improvement, 2 found no significant change, and 2 reported mixed or indirect findings. Feasibility, acceptability, usability, and engagement findings were generally favorable across studies, but cultural tailoring was reported in only one study.&lt;/p&gt;","PeriodicalId":36223,"journal":{"name":"JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting","volume":"9 ","pages":"e98889"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13399406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148585259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}