{"title":"The Musical Representation of Sri Lankan Kaffirs","authors":"Geethika Abeyesekara, Chinthaka Prageeth Meddegoda","doi":"10.30819/aemr.12-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30819/aemr.12-6","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study presents a very small community within the Sinhalese context of Sri Lanka in light of academic interest: the Kaffirs. Their communal history reaches far back into colonial times, and they did not distinguish clearly from which territories in Africa these Kaffirs, an expression introduced by Portuguese rulers for slaves and servants brought to Sri Lanka from African shores, came and how they identify. Currently, Kaffirs are seen through the gaze of public writings and common biases. They are believed to have their performance styles and their strong association with the drum, dance, and vocal genres integrated into the canon of Sinhalese traditions. \u0000One specific vocal expression is the singing of manja songs, which are introduced and roughly analysed in this short paper. Manja songs are not so widely known to all people living in Sri Lanka. A specific study of these songs has not yet taken place. The main methods used are microanalysis, literature studies, and open interviews with those who are connected to Kaffirs, either as members of the group or as people related to their studies and performing arts. Beyond presenting the exciting text repertoire, it is to connect the musical skills that come with this way of singing with related arts such as dancing and drumming. The Kaffirs’ performance potentials are widely underestimated, as many Kaffirs have integrated, through marriage and social subordination, into the current society. Yet, it is important to focus on the snippets in the history of developing performance skills and their relatedness to another continent in order to help understand global issues and their future.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":36147,"journal":{"name":"Asian-European Music Research Journal","volume":"69 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139004633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wu Man, the Pipa and Chinese Tradition in a Contemporary Global Context?","authors":"Ma Ming-hui","doi":"10.30819/aemr.11-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30819/aemr.11-2","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In contrast to the idea that the modernization of playing styles has unleashed the expressive potential of the pipa,\u0000this article suggests, through the individual case study of Wu Man, that traditional styles are essential to the\u0000numerous successful premieres of pipa concertos globally. It offers the experiences of diasporic pipa player Wu\u0000Man as an insider’s viewpoint, arguing that the demonstration and emphasis of traditional pipa playing techniques\u0000and styles are important to a successful contemporary performance. This article is the first to disclose Wu Man’s\u0000experience in how she applies traditional pipa music to the numerous successful premieres of pipa concertos,\u0000framing the pipa concerto as just one example of a much wider trend in the musical worldthat of the\u0000commissioning and performance of new music for cross-cultural instrumental groups. There are two essential\u0000elements to the upkeep of traditional pipa playing: one lies with the composer’s understanding of pipa music in\u0000their newly composed pieces and the other lies with the pipa player’s abilities (their mastery of playing techniques,\u0000broader experience in various traditional music genres, creativity, and taking on a leading role in playing). Thus,\u0000in this article, I will analyze these elements to reveal how a globally successful pipa musician has interpreted and\u0000translated the traditional aspects of pipa music in a global world.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":36147,"journal":{"name":"Asian-European Music Research Journal","volume":"351 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82595306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Keeping the Tradition Alive: Analysing the Work of C. De S. Kulatillake","authors":"K. Samarasinghe","doi":"10.30819/aemr.11-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30819/aemr.11-3","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The present review focuses on the vision, philosophy, and methodology of C. de S. Kulatillake’s exemplary\u0000contribution to the subject. The methodology of this study is based on a qualitative approach narrative method,\u0000and information was collected through interviews, records, autobiographies, and various reports and books\u0000written by Kulatillake. Seven in-depth semistructured interviews were carried out at the University of the Visual\u0000and Performing Arts, Colombo 07, Sri Lanka, in September and November 2022. The participants were senior\u0000academic members and a scientific officer at C. de S. Kulatillake Research Centre. As a sampling method,\u0000nonprobability purposive sampling was used. The data were evaluated using content analysis. Kulatillake has\u0000always approached folk music from a scientific standpoint, linking it to ethnomusicology. He discovered 36\u0000indigenous singing styles unique to Sri Lanka. According to Kulatillake, the Sri Lankan double-read instrument\u0000horanewa is a West Asian migrant. The individuality of Sinhala drum music, its peculiar rhythms that do not\u0000match the Indian “tal” systems, and Sinhala drum music is an incredibly remarkable performance style\u0000incomplete sentence. He discovered that the strange aspect of the visama nadi (irregular pulse) movement in Sri\u0000Lankan drum music is a unique style and should be accepted as a great feature inherited from the folk music of\u0000this country. Kulatillake traced cultural identity and pride; documented, taught, and presented it to national and\u0000international audiences; and preserved it for future generations, according to the study. A separate study focusing\u0000on trailblazers who used music education as a safeguarding measure would be a worthwhile investigation that\u0000would both enrich and broaden the findings of this study.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":36147,"journal":{"name":"Asian-European Music Research Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88434160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Amy Wilkinson and the Chinese Blind Boys Band","authors":"Keith Robinson, Wang Lingli","doi":"10.30819/aemr.11-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30819/aemr.11-6","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 One aspect of the work that the missionaries did in China that has received little attention is the teaching of the\u0000blind to read, in particular to read music. Amy Wilkinson is particularly interesting because in 1922, she brought\u0000her Chinese Blind Boys Band to England and they toured all over the country giving concerts. The concerts were\u0000widely reported in the local press, and so we have quite detailed positive accounts of how well the band played.\u0000Any scepticism about what the standard of performance might have been like can be quelled by reading these\u0000accounts. What this book attempts to do is understand how these early pioneers developed systems to enable the\u0000blind Chinese to read in Chinese, with first the use of embossed letters and then Braille. They then went on to\u0000teach music notation with embossed systems and then later Braille music notation. There are considerable technical\u0000difficulties for blind people to read Braille music notation, and these must have been made more challenging\u0000teaching blind Chinese boys Western instruments and music that required an understanding of Western harmony\u0000and rhythm. Amy Wilkinson’s achievements in this field deserve wider recognition than they have so far received.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":36147,"journal":{"name":"Asian-European Music Research Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73301887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Lived Experiences of Independent Western Classical Chamber Musicians in the United Arab Emirates: A Narrative Inquiry","authors":"Mia Martens, C. Wentink","doi":"10.30819/aemr.11-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30819/aemr.11-5","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The research concerns the relationship between Western classical music and Arabian cultures in the United Arab\u0000Emirates (UAE) as experienced by independent classical chamber musicians. The main research question was:\u0000what stories do independent Western classical chamber musicians tell about their lived experiences of practicing\u0000and performing Western classical music in the UAE?\u0000The real-life problem guiding this research has two parts:\u0000i. the problem that Western classical music is not a sustainable profession for performers in the UAE and\u0000ii. the gap in the literature on Western classical music in the UAE.\u0000The real-life problem the first author experienced in the UAE as a Western musician had the following challenges:\u0000practical obstacles related to sourcing fellow musicians who uphold the same standards and music ideals, finding\u0000rehearsal venues and creating performance opportunities. These challenges lead to the formation of the research\u0000problem.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":36147,"journal":{"name":"Asian-European Music Research Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88791261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Traces of Greek Mythology in the Folk Music and Oral Literature of Bushehr","authors":"Seyed Mohammadreza Beladi Beladi","doi":"10.30819/aemr.11-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30819/aemr.11-4","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article examines parts of the oral literature and music of Bushehr, a port city in southern Iran. There is a song\u0000in Bushehr's music that uses words like helleh (heːlle̞) and heliosa (heːlijosa), that have no meaning for the people\u0000of Bushehr. This paper suggests that the origin of these words goes back to Greek mythology and that they are the\u0000remains of hymns or spells recited in praise of Helios and other ancient gods. To this end, in addition to qualitative\u0000and field research, extensive historical studies were carried out, focusing on the Hellenistic period after the\u0000conquest of Iran by Alexander the Great. I suggest that although the evolution of music in Bushehr was influenced\u0000by the military domination of Greece through acculturation, the cultural background of Bushehr was not ineffective\u0000in accepting this. As a result, assimilation occurred, and some mythical elements of Greece were localised in\u0000Bushehr.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":36147,"journal":{"name":"Asian-European Music Research Journal","volume":"196 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72892852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review Essay of the 24th Symposium of the ICTM Study Group on Musical Instruments","authors":"Lin Zhi","doi":"10.30819/aemr.11-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30819/aemr.11-9","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This short review essay is dedicated to the 24th Symposium of the ICTM Study Group on Musical Instruments.\u0000This symposium took place from March 29 to April 1, 2023. It was hosted by the Music Faculty of the University\u0000of the Visual and Performing Arts, Colombo, in Sri Lanka.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":36147,"journal":{"name":"Asian-European Music Research Journal","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75377381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Short Fieldwork Report on the Nuba Mountains","authors":"Timkehet Teffera Mekonnen","doi":"10.30819/aemr.11-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30819/aemr.11-10","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This is a review on a fieldwork undertaken among the Nymang ethnic community residing on the legendary Nuba\u0000Mountains of southern Kordofan, Sudan, in 2005. It is a result of participatory observation, and the view taken on\u0000it is retrospective. The author was able to study the social and cultural life, rituals, taboos, musical traditions, and\u0000many more, which are discussed in detail in a later book, thanks to her Sudanese hosts. The description carried\u0000out in the writing reflects personal perspectives as a human being, a woman, and a complete stranger entering an\u0000unknown and distant world. Indeed, it must have been one of the best experiences the author had in her nearly 3\u0000decades of scholarly experience.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":36147,"journal":{"name":"Asian-European Music Research Journal","volume":"188 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75581536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Impact of Hinduism and Buddhism on the Music of Indonesia","authors":"Sunarto","doi":"10.30819/aemr.11-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30819/aemr.11-1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The incorporation of Hinduism and Buddhism in Indonesia has given a unique characteristic to the Indonesian\u0000cultural reality. Since the Kalinga–Bali Yatra (from 320 BC to the establishment of Kalinga kingdom in Central\u0000Java around 500 AD), that is, the yearly ancient naval expedition of sailors from Orissa (Kalinga in India) to the\u0000Swarnadwipa Islands (Malacca, Sumatera, Java, Borneo, and Bali), the culture of Hinduism and Buddhism has\u0000been slowly introduced and acknowledged by the people of Indonesia. The earliest interaction between\u0000Hinduism/Buddhism and the locals could be tracked since the period of Kalinga kingdom in the central part of Java\u0000island. The influence of Hinduism and Buddhism in Indonesian traditional culture has penetrated to the people’s\u0000musical tradition in Java and Bali. On top of that, the story of Ramayana and Mahabharata has been adopted into\u0000Wayang Kulit tradition in Java. Among other Hindu–Buddhist influences in Indonesia comprise Indian drama–\u0000dance, Rasa esthetic theory, Mahayana Buddhist influence in Bedoyo, Slendro pathet (Javanese gamelan musical\u0000organization system), and Hinayana Buddhist concept of removal of nine consciousness of human beings.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":36147,"journal":{"name":"Asian-European Music Research Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90588886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Role of Media in Promoting Hindustani Classical Music","authors":"Smriti Bhardwaj","doi":"10.30819/aemr.11-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30819/aemr.11-7","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Media has been pivotal in preservation of art for ages. The traditions and cultures have been travelling across\u0000generations via media through centuries. And as the media experienced technological advancement, it became\u0000more potent and started playing even more crucial role. The ability of the media contents to reach to masses and\u0000the preservation of the content has allowed preservation and subsequent promotion of various art forms. This paper\u0000concerns with the Indian classical music and the role media played in promoting it. Cinema has been the prime\u0000carrier of the art form but other mediums too have played a significant role. The related literature suggests the\u0000same and provides evidence for the same. The literature however mostly relates to art in general with very little\u0000reference to Indian Classical Music. The objective of this paper is to study the perceived role of media in promoting\u0000Indian Classical Music. The study was conducted using survey method on 246 (N) respondents. The data was\u0000analysed using statistical analysis including ANOVA and T-Test to find the difference in opinions of the\u0000respondents categorised on various basis. The findings suggest that people strongly believe that media has been\u0000instrumental in promoting Indian Classical Music. The feeling however is not the same for all mediums but for\u0000some mediums like Radio and Cinema. People also believe that reality shows have brought Indian classical music\u0000to the fore though it still has not translated into the creation of greater opportunities leading to more financial\u0000freedom amongst the classical musicians.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":36147,"journal":{"name":"Asian-European Music Research Journal","volume":"114 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79373736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}