Clinical Nutrition Open Science最新文献

{"title":"Erratum regarding missing conflict of interests/consent statements in previously published articles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Page 21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143162237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy drinks exacerbate high-fat diet-induced metabolic and hepatic dysfunction in male and female Wistar rats","authors":"Worship Odosa Agbonifo ,&nbsp;Joseph Chimezie ,&nbsp;Mercy Oluwaseun Awoleye ,&nbsp;Hope Oluwabukola Francis ,&nbsp;Temitope Gabriel Adedeji","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global increase in non-communicable diseases, particularly those linked to obesity and metabolic disorders, is increasingly associated with high-fat diets (HFD) and the rising consumption of energy drinks (ED). This study examines the combined effects of these dietary factors on metabolic health and liver function using male and female Wistar rats. Sixty-four rats (32 males and 32 females) were divided into four dietary groups-control, control + ED, HFD, and HFD + ED, and observed over 12 weeks. At the end of the treatment period, various parameters were assessed, including body anthroprometrics, lipid profile, antioxidant activity, liver function, glucose and insulin levels, leptin levels, intraperitoneal glucose tolerance, and liver histology.</div><div>The results indicated that female rats in the HFD + ED group experienced increased BMI and elevated leptin levels, suggesting enhanced adiposity and potential leptin resistance. Male rats showed muscle mass gains without corresponding increases in BMI, indicating a different metabolic response to caloric intake. Significant increases in serum SOD and CAT levels were observed in female rats, alongside elevated CAT levels in male rats, pointing to a compensatory response to oxidative stress. Additionally, increases in liver function parameters ALT and ALP, particularly in female rats, indicated liver damage. Total protein levels were also decreased in female Wistar rats, suggesting reduced protein synthesis. Histological analysis confirmed hepatic injury, which was exacerbated by the combined intake of HFD and ED. These findings demonstrate that the combined intake of a high-fat diet and energy drinks leads to significant metabolic disruptions and liver damage in Wistar rats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 111-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A genome-wide study of the effect of alcohol consumption on the risk of type 2 diabetes","authors":"Ariane Belzile ,&nbsp;Sam Pedro Galilée Ayivi ,&nbsp;Géraldine Asselin ,&nbsp;Sylvie Provost ,&nbsp;Louis-Philippe Lemieux Perreault ,&nbsp;Marie-Christyne Cyr ,&nbsp;Marie-Pierre Dubé","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><div>The relationship between alcohol consumption and type 2 diabetes risk is often described as a J- or U-shaped curve, with moderate drinkers having a lower risk compared to non-drinkers and heavy drinkers. However, this protective effect appears to be more pronounced in women than in men, suggesting a potential interaction between sex-specific factors and alcohol metabolism.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted an interaction genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify genetic variants that modify the relationship between alcohol consumption and type 2 diabetes risk in a sex-specific manner. We utilized data from the UK Biobank in a case-control approach including 309,568 individuals to investigate the three-way interaction between genetic variants, alcohol consumption, and sex on type 2 diabetes risk.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified genetic variant rs78681203, located between the <em>FOXO6</em> and <em>EDN2</em> genes, with a significant sex-specific interaction with alcohol consumption (interaction p = 2.85 × 10⁻⁸). The T allele of rs78681203 was associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in women consuming 0 to &lt;4 UK units/week (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.07–1.34) but had a protective effect in women consuming 4 to &lt;28 UK units/week (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.69–0.95). Conversely, in men, the T allele was associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes in the 4 to &lt;28 UK units/week group (OR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.08–1.32) and had a protective effect in the 0 to &lt;4 UK units/week group (OR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74–0.99).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings suggest that genetic variation may play a role in the differential effects of alcohol consumption on type 2 diabetes risk between men and women. Further replication and mechanistic studies are needed to confirm and clarify the role of the identified genetic variant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 78-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of Mediterranean diet and high-intensity interval training on inflammatory markers in obese and overweight premenopausal women: A controlled trial","authors":"Mohammadreza Rabiee ,&nbsp;Razieh Hosseini ,&nbsp;Raziye Tahmasebi ,&nbsp;Maryam Koushkie Jahromi ,&nbsp;Sasan Amanat","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>We aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on inflammatory markers in obese and overweight premenopausal women.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this trial, 47 overweight and obese women were randomly divided into 4 groups: MedDiet group without calorie restriction (n = 14), HIIT group (n = 12), MedDiet + HIIT group (n = 12), and control group (n = 9). HIIT training sessions were carried out for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week. In HIIT group, participants were instructed to maintain their usual diet. The participants in MedDiet program and Med Diet + HIIT groups were instructed to follow the principal aspects of MedDiet without caloric restriction. The serum level of IL-6 and adiponectin were measured using ELISA kits and serum CRP concentrations were determined by Turbidometery.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed that HIIT had no effect on the studied indices. Furthermore, MedDiet and HIIT together significantly increased the serum level of interleukin-6 (<em>P</em> = 0.00). While there were no significant changes in CRP (<em>P</em> = 0.72) and adiponectin (<em>P</em> = 0.16) between the groups at the end of the study.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Taken together, the results of this study demonstrated that a combination of the MedDiet and HIIT can be associated with a significant increase in IL-6. However, the current findings did not support alteration in adiponectin and CRP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 155-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-calorie low-protein dietary pattern among overweight and obese pregnant women in Tanzania","authors":"Jacktan J. Ruhighira ,&nbsp;Ikunda Dionis ,&nbsp;Mariam Munyogwa ,&nbsp;Alexander M. Tungu ,&nbsp;Fredirick L. Mashili","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><div>Traditionally, addressing underweight during pregnancy has been a priority in low-middle-income countries, including Tanzania. However, due to ongoing lifestyle and socioeconomic transitions, increasing rates of overweight and obesity have created a double burden of malnutrition (undernutrition and overnutrition). As a result of this transition, pregnancy-related weight gain tends to be excessive among women who are overweight or obese and does not adequately reverse after childbirth. This study aimed to explore the dietary patterns and macronutrient intakes of pregnant women with pre-pregnancy overweight or obesity and compare them with their normal-weight counterparts.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We consecutively recruited 242 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in Dodoma, Tanzania. Dietary intake and patterns were assessed using 179-item food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). The Tanzanian food composition tables were then used to calculate nutrient and energy intake. We used principal component analysis (PCA) to identify dietary patterns. Energy and nutrient intake comparisons were made using the Mann–Whitney U test for independent analysis of medians and the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test. Proportions were used to categorise protein, carbohydrate, and fat intakes below, within, or beyond recommendations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified six dietary patterns that accounted for 63% of the total variance in descending order of contribution as follows: nuts-cereals-legumes (24%); roots–plantains–fruits (10%); poultry–milky–meat (9%); fats-alcohol-eggs (8%); soda–sweets–meat (7%); vegetables–fish–legumes (6%). Energy intake was higher than recommended (z = 6, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), with % carbohydrate contribution higher than recommended among most participants (81%, n = 197). Although patterns rich in poultry, dairy, and meat were relatively more common among overweight and obese than normal–weight women, about 28% of them had a protein intake below the recommended.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Overweight and obese participants had a higher caloric intake with a greater % of carbohydrate contribution than recommended, and others consumed alcohol during pregnancy. A substantial proportion had a protein intake below the recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"60 ","pages":"Pages 89-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a food-related quality of life questionnaire (CANUT-QVA) for cancer patients","authors":"Kenza Drareni ,&nbsp;Catherine Mercier ,&nbsp;Reisya Rizki Riantiningtyas ,&nbsp;Anestis Dougkas ,&nbsp;Benjamin Riche ,&nbsp;Pascale Roux ,&nbsp;Chantal Fingal ,&nbsp;Hélène Labrosse ,&nbsp;Fadila Farsi ,&nbsp;David Dayde ,&nbsp;Mélanie Roche ,&nbsp;Julie Anne Nazare ,&nbsp;Arnaud Fournel ,&nbsp;Delphine Maucort-Boulch ,&nbsp;Moustafa Bensafi ,&nbsp;Véronique Mourier ,&nbsp;Amandine Bruyas ,&nbsp;Agnès Giboreau","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Monitoring the psychosocial, emotional, and hedonic aspects of food behaviour is important for understanding cancer patients' distress and reducing the risk of malnutrition. However, there is no specific tool to measure food-related quality of life of cancer patients. This study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire that assesses food-related quality of life in cancer patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Relevant items from existing food-related quality of life assessment tools were selected to compose the present 46-item questionnaire. The questionnaire was validated in 276 healthy controls and 173 cancer patients. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and multiple correspondence analysis were performed for both groups to determine construct and discriminant validity. Analysis of test-retest reliability was also performed to evaluate reproducibility.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of the 46 items, 39 items showed significant differences between patients and healthy controls. The EFA allowed the identification of 9 factors in the food-related quality of life: 1. Cooking enjoyment/COOK; 2. Attention to nutrition/NUTRI; 3. Attention to meal quality and variety/QUAL; 4. Adaptive dietary practices/ADAPT; 5. Hedonic appreciation/HEDO; 6. Sensory alteration/ALT-SENS; 7. Meal experience/ALT-MEAL; 8. Altered digestion/ALT-DIGE; and 9. Dining &amp; commensality/SOCIO. Four subscores (ADAPT, ALT-SENS, ALT-MEAL, ALT-DIGE) exhibited significant discriminant validity across controls and patients. ALT-SENS (<em>p=</em>0.016), ALT-MEAL (<em>p=</em>0.04), and ALT-DIGE (<em>p=</em>0.009) were higher in patients undergoing chemotherapy compared to patients not undergoing chemotherapy. The questionnaire showed good test-retest reliability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This questionnaire offers valuable insights for clinical research on the impact of cancer on patients' relationships with food.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 143-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“What women want”: Focus group discussions to inform the design of nutrition resources for women impacted by menopause following cancer treatment","authors":"Samantha J. Cushen ,&nbsp;Micheala Murphy ,&nbsp;Katie E. Johnston","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>Menopause, as a direct result of cancer treatment, is a significant issue facing many female survivors. Uncertainty related to dietary choices to manage menopausal symptoms can be distressing for female cancer survivors, potentially increasing the risk of developing comorbid conditions and reducing quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess the burden of menopausal symptoms, explore the nutritional information needs of cancer survivors and their preferences for the mode of delivery to inform future interventions on nutrition.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A qualitative study using focus groups (n=3) was conducted with female cancer survivors (aged ≥18 years). Cancer survivors were defined as women diagnosed with cancer at any stage, including those undergoing active treatment or with a past cancer history, who were experiencing menopausal symptoms as a result of their cancer treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants (n=16) were survivors of breast (n=14), ovarian (n=1) and endometrial (n=1) cancer. Mean age was 50.4 years (SD= 6.4). Four major themes emerged: (i) desire for control (ii) menopausal symptom management (iii) participants feeling lost during survivorship and (iv) the need for accessible, and tailored nutrition resources.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Managing menopausal symptoms post-treatment can be difficult and burdensome for cancer survivors, affecting their quality of life. These women report feeling lost with significant needs for information on nutrition and supplementation related to recovery and symptom management. These women desire a menopause specific nutrition resource that is evidence-based and tailored to the needs of cancer survivors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 189-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence, tolerance, and patterns of use of an oral adapted texture nutritional formula in malnourished patients with dysphagia","authors":"José Manuel García-Almeida ,&nbsp;Raquel Cutillas Ruiz ,&nbsp;Isabel María Vegas Aguilar ,&nbsp;Isabel María Cornejo Pareja ,&nbsp;Pilar Lucía López Alarcón","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Adherence to nutritional medical treatments is essential for attaining clinical benefits. Yet, the evidence regarding the impact of various factors on adherence to these treatments is limited, highlighting the need for strategies that facilitate early identification of prognostic adherence factors.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aims to identify factors that may influence adherence to nutritional medical treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted using a validated 25-item questionnaire targeted at specialists in Endocrinology, Nutrition, Rehabilitation, and Dysphagia.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 296 health professionals participated, providing pertinent data for 614 patients with dysphagia and malnutrition during routine clinical practice in public hospitals. Several factors potentially impairing adherence were identified, such as a patient's lack of appetite, satiety, disinterest and fatigue. Texture was recognized as a facilitating factor in 96% of cases. A statistically significant correlation was found between the value patients place on the intake of oral nutrition supplements in their recovery process and their compliance with the prescribed doses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results emphasize the importance of communicating with patients and caregivers about the necessity of complying with the prescribed nutritional regimen and its potential benefits. The analysis of habits also underlined the need to offer flexible, patient-tailored nutritional solutions to enhance treatment adherence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and its variation with different gestational age systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Samuel Sahile Kebede ,&nbsp;Daniel Asmelash ,&nbsp;Tadesse Duguma ,&nbsp;Desalewu Wudineh ,&nbsp;Ermiyas Alemayehu ,&nbsp;Alemu Gedefie ,&nbsp;Getachew Mesfin","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Iron deficiency anemia is the most common form of microcytic hypochromic anemia, which predominantly affects pregnant women globally. Even though it is a public health problem, there is limited information on the pooled burden.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the global prevalence of iron deficiency among pregnant women and its variation with different gestational ages.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To conduct this study, we followed the criteria on guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and meta-analysis. We registered the study protocol on PROSPERO with the reference number CRD42024499368 and Relevant information was found by searching scientific databases such as Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Springer, Web of Science, Wiley online library, Google Scholar, scientific information database, biomedical journal database, and the global medical article library. All population-based studies and national surveys with data on the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women globally that were published up to June 28, 2023, were included in the study. The inclusion criteria were applied to all relevant articles. STATA software (Ver. 11.1) was used to analyze the data using a random effect model. I² test statistics were employed to ascertain the degree of heterogeneity. The Egger-weighted regression test and funnel plot analysis were employed to identify publication bias.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The thirty-nine articles with a sample size of 33869 were included in this study. The pooled prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among pregnant women was 18.98% (CI: 95%; 18.15–19.81%) with highest magnitude in North Africa region (36.68% (95% CI 35.76, 37.60). The burden was highest during the second trimester (27.8%) followed by the third (5.44%) and the first trimesters (2.34%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and recommendation</h3><div>Iron deficiency anemia is a public health problem among pregnant women especially North African region, even though its magnitude is decreased years after 2015. As a result, every stakeholder should implement preventative measures, and intervention strategies like iron supplementation and nutritional support, particularly during the second trimester.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 68-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of relative energy deficiency in sport and malnutrition prevalence in female endurance runners by energy availability questionnaire, bioelectrical impedance analysis and relationship with ovulation status","authors":"Samantha Sharp ,&nbsp;Roni Mashiach-Fransis ,&nbsp;Nicola Keay,&nbsp;Adrian Slee","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background and Aims&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Low energy availability (LEA) underpins Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) - a multisystemic syndrome impacting athletic performance and overall health. Despite its prevalence, research examining clinical REDs indicators in female runners is limited. This study investigated the relationship between REDs screening, BIA assessment of malnutrition and ovulatory status in female endurance runners using an Energy Availability Questionnaire, Bioelectrical Impedance Assessment (BIA) and female reproductive sex hormone levels.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;70 female runners from London, UK running clubs participated in this study. The median age of the participants was 32 years old (range 18–55 years old), with mean ± SD BMI 21.2±2.4 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. Participants ≥35 years were classified as master's athletes (MA), and those &lt;35 years were classified as younger athletes (YA). All participants answered the Energy Availability Questionnaire, and a scoring system was used to assess REDs risk. 56 from this group underwent anthropometric measurements using multifrequency BIA, and 20 subsequently underwent finger prick capillary blood test to evaluate oestrogen, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone, and testosterone levels 7 days before their predicted period. Two-way t-test compared REDs-RS of different fat-free mass index (FFMI) percentiles. Linear regression examined associations between BIA anthropometric measurements, hormones, and REDs scores. One-tailed and two-tailed t-tests compared REDs scores and BIA metrics between ovulatory vs. anovulatory participants, respectively.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;64% of YA and 29% of MA were identified as being at significant risk of REDs (REDs-RS ≤ 0). BIA measurements indicated that 19% of YA and 50% of MA had FFMI below the ESPEN clinical malnutrition cut-off point of 15 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; with a mean FFMI of 15.5± 1.38 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; for YA and MA. Overall, 82% of the participants had FFMI below the suggested 20&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; percentile for female athletes in weight-sensitive sports. In YA, REDs risk was significantly increased in FFMI ≤5th percentile and associated with lower fat mass index (5.16±1.57 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;). BIA phase angle (PA) was not significantly different between YA (6.4±0.6°) and MA (6.3±0.6°). Examination of ovulation status revealed that REDs-RS values were significantly greater, thus implicating lower REDs risk, in ovulatory (3.5 ± 3.9) vs anovulatory (-0.7 ± 5.1) participants.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;REDs is prevalent in female runners, regardless of age. BIA indicators of malnutrition, including FFMI, FMI, PA, may function as useful and novel clinical indicators of REDs in female runners. Low FFMI was highly prevalent in MA runners. REDs risk in female runners is closely related to ovulation status and may be quantified using the Dancers Energy Availability Questionnaire (DEAQ) fra","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"59 ","pages":"Pages 171-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143095251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}