Clinical Nutrition Open Science最新文献

{"title":"The influence of age on change in intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps is remarkable in older inpatients aged 85 and over","authors":"Naoki Akazawa ,&nbsp;Keita Funai ,&nbsp;Toshikazu Hino ,&nbsp;Wataru Tamura ,&nbsp;Kimiyuki Tamura ,&nbsp;Akemi Hioka ,&nbsp;Yasushi Uchiyama","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to examine the influence of age on change in intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps in older inpatients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective study included 191 older inpatients (aged ≥65 years). We divided the participants into the following three age groups: 65–74 years (n = 29), 75–84 years (n = 80), and ≥85-years (n = 82). Intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps was assessed based on quadriceps echo intensity. Greater intramuscular adipose tissue was indicated by higher echo intensity. The change in quadriceps echo intensity was calculated by subtracting this baseline value from the value at discharge. For comparing the changes in quadriceps echo intensity among the three groups, analysis of covariance adjusted for confounding factors was conducted. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine whether age was independently and significantly related to changes in quadriceps echo intensity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Change in quadriceps echo intensity of the aged ≥85-year group (−0.4 ± 12.1 [a.u.]) was significantly higher than that of the 65–74-year group (−6.4 ± 15.0 [a.u.]). Age was significantly and independently related to change in quadriceps echo intensity (β = 0.148, <em>P</em> = 0.036).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results of this study indicate that higher age in older inpatients may negatively affect the decrease of intramuscular adipose tissue of the quadriceps. Especially, this trend is observed in older inpatients aged 85 and over.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 271-281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could micronutrients influence levels of TNF-α expression? A nutrigenomics study through 8-WEEK dietary intervention","authors":"Isabelle Mello Schineider ,&nbsp;Natália Yumi Noronha ,&nbsp;Luzânia dos Santos Martins ,&nbsp;Vanessa Aparecida Batista Pereira ,&nbsp;Heitor Bernardes Pereira Delfino ,&nbsp;Rafael Fernandes Ferreira ,&nbsp;Lígia Moriguchi Watanabe ,&nbsp;Marcela Augusta de Souza Pinhel ,&nbsp;Guilherme da Silva Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Carla Barbosa Nonino","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Obesity is associated with low-grade inflammation, which contributes to the pathogenesis of comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Nutrient intake can increase anti-inflammatory mechanisms by modulation of immune response.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To assess the impact of a hypocaloric diet on the gene expression of inflammatory markers and correlate it with nutritional variables to identify important factors in the modulation of inflammation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>20 women were evaluated and divided into 2 groups: Intervention Group IG (n=10), with women with grade III obesity. They received a hypocaloric diet for 8 weeks. The Total Energy Intake (TEI) was determined by subtracting 30% of the participants' Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) calculated through inderect calorimetry for each patient. The distribution of macronutrients was 55%–60% of the TEI of carbohydrates, 20%–25% of the TEI of total fat, and 15%–20% of the TEI of proteins. The micronutrients intake was determined by the Dietary Reference Intake (DRIs) according to age and sex. Control Group CG (n=10), with non-obese women. Nutritional assessment consisted of anthropometric parameters, body composition measurements, biochemical markers, and food intake. Gene expression analysis was performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After the diet, the following variables decreased in IG: weight, BMI, fat mass, HDL-c, triglycerides, and <em>TNF-α</em> gene expression. Also, <em>TNF-α</em> gene expression was negatively correlated with omega-3, omega-6, iron, vitamin B1, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12 intake.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The hypocaloric diet over 8 weeks had a positive impact on anthropometric, biochemical, body composition, and gene expression parameters. Furthermore, the evaluated nutrients were correlated with the expression of <em>TNF-α</em>, showing the importance of diet in obesity treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 297-306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Nutrition in critical illness survivors: Why gaining a grip matters”","authors":"Elisabeth De Waele ,&nbsp;Zenzi Rosseel","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this viewpoint, we explore the challenges and opportunities in nutritional therapy for patients in the post-ICU recovery phase. The complexity of metabolic alterations and organ dysfunction in critical illness highlights the need for individualized nutritional strategies. Current approaches to protein and energy dosing remain generalized, indicating a lack of phenotyping and endotyping. The transition from critical illness to recovery is a gradual process, with patients often spending extended periods in hospital wards after ICU discharge. We identify this post-ICU period as a crucial anabolic window for muscle regeneration and rehabilitation. However, there is a lack of clear guidance and strong evidence for nutritional therapy in post-ICU patients. Large studies and RCT's that investigate nutritional adequacy and the necessary follow-up are lacking. We call for dedicated research to develop intelligent approaches to post-ICU nutrition, leveraging new technologies including artificial intelligence, wearables and collaborative tools. Multidisciplinary teams are a key component in the post ICU recovery while the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in addressing these challenges is clear. The incorporation of economic considerations in developing nutritional care strategies is important, as is the need for smart implementation strategies to improve nutritional care for ICU survivors. Enhanced care for ICU survivors could improve nutrition adequacy and with that decrease the incidence of malnutrition with lower readmissions and infections rates resulting in a lower economic burden. The focus in this article is the post ICU period but the rehabilitation period after discharge should not be overlooked. Finally, we conclude that through these efforts, we can significantly enhance the recovery and outcomes of patients transitioning from critical illness to rehabilitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 42-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An open-label clinical trial to investigate the safety and efficacy of a bone broth diet on weight loss in adults with obesity","authors":"Katarina M. Doma,&nbsp;Marc Moulin,&nbsp;Huda Al-Wahsh,&nbsp;Najla Guthrie,&nbsp;David C. Crowley,&nbsp;Erin D. Lewis","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.04.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.04.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Over 40% of North American adults are obese and with rates increasing, an already significant public health concern is expected to get worse. Modifiable risk factors such as poor dietary habits represent an opportunity for targeted change. The Bone Broth Diet (BBD) combines the consumption of bone broth, portion-controlled, low carbohydrate and high protein meals, intermittent fasting, and exercise.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This open-label, single-arm clinical trial investigated the safety and efficacy of the BBD on weight loss in adults with obesity between 35–65 years old. Participants (n = 100) completed two, 3-week periods of 5:2 intermittent fasting (BBD 1 and 2), while consuming bone broth, for which each period was followed by a one-week maintenance period. Body weight, body composition, anthropometrics, metabolic blood markers, satiety and hunger, quality of life, and safety were assessed over the study period.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were respective decreases of 4.8 kg and 2.6 kg in body weight after BBD 1 and 2 which corresponded to 5.0% and 2.7% (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), respectively. Both BBD phases were followed by periods of weight maintenance. These improvements corresponded with decreases in fasting blood glucose, waist circumference, and sagittal abdominal diameter (<em>P</em> ≤ 0.005). There were decreases in hunger and cravings (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) with no reduction in satisfaction after eating over the study period (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). The BBD was safe and tolerated in the studied population.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The BBD showed safe, statistically significant and clinically relevant weight loss with corresponding improvements in cardiometabolic and psychological health outcomes in a population of adults with obesity who were otherwise healthy. Findings suggest this lifestyle program may aid in addressing an important public health concern. However, future randomized controlled trials of longer duration are recommended to verify and understand the sustainability of results.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trial registration</h3><div>This study is registered at <span><span>clinicaltrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> (NCT05740670).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 282-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary patterns and depressive symptoms among menopausal women","authors":"Oiendrila Baroi,&nbsp;Md Monir Hossain Shimul,&nbsp;Mare- Cha,&nbsp;Salamat Khandker","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Backgrounds and aims</h3><div>Menopausal women experience physiological and psychological challenges, with depression being a prevalent concern. Dietary intake has been linked to mental health outcomes, yet evidence from low- and middle-income countries, including Bangladesh, remains limited. This study was carried out to find out the association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms among menopausal women from two distinct socioeconomic groups in Dhaka.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study of 310 menopausal women in Dhaka was conducted using systematic random sampling from July 2024 to October 2024. Data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire, the Major Depression Inventory (MDI) scale was used to assess depressive symptoms. Chi-square tests and confidence interval were performed to assess associations between variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant socioeconomic disparities were observed between selected groups (housing society and slum residents). Housing society residents had greater access to nutrient-rich foods, consuming fruits daily (94.83% vs. 0%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and milk weekly (46.45% vs. 1.93%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). In contrast, slum residents had a higher intake of leafy vegetables (77.41% vs. 54.19%, <em>P</em> = 0.011) and Pangus fish (69.03% vs. 27.74%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Meal skipping was more frequent among slum dwellers (49.02% vs. 20.64%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Severe depression was significantly higher in slum residents (47.74% vs. 36.12%, <em>P</em> = 0.038), and moderate depression followed a similar trend (39.35% vs. 29.03%, <em>P</em> = 0.025).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Socioeconomic status significantly influences dietary intake and depressive symptoms among menopausal women in Bangladesh. Nutritional education and mental health services may be initiated for slum dwellers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 231-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are ultra-processed plant-based meats better than the alternative?","authors":"Michael Greger","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies link high consumption of ultra-processed foods to increased risks of a variety of adverse health outcomes, including all-cause mortality. However, these associations appear to be driven largely by sweetened beverages and processed meats, raising the possibility that plant-based meats (PBM) could ironically offer a solution to the ultra-processed foods problem. Unlike other ultra-processed foods, PBM rated as healthier than the foods they are intended to substitute and similarly countervail other negative criteria typical of ultra-processed products. Compared with PBM, conventional meat has the inferior nutrient profile, higher calorie density, and more missing phytonutrients, and results in less satiety and more weight gain, gut dysbiosis, and oxidative stress. With PBM, insulin resistance and inflammation outcomes are similar or superior to meat, depending on the PBM tested, and heat-induced toxins and harmful additives depend on the chemicals in question. Other advantages of PBM include lower potential cancer risk and enhanced food safety. The lowering of LDL cholesterol from the partial replacement of meat with PBM could alone potentially save thousands of lives a year in the United States and billions of healthcare dollars. Whole plant foods fare even better, but PBM appear to be the rare ultra-processed exception in that they are preferable to the foods they were designed to replace.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 241-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urolithin A supplementation to improve endothelial and cerebrovascular function in middle-aged adults with obesity: Study protocol for a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized study","authors":"Ana Clara da C. Pinaffi-Langley ,&nbsp;Camila B. Pinto ,&nbsp;Zsofia Szarvas ,&nbsp;Anna Peterfi ,&nbsp;Zalan Kaposzta ,&nbsp;Peter Mukli ,&nbsp;Mihaly Muranyi ,&nbsp;Cameron D. Owens ,&nbsp;Cheryl Adams ,&nbsp;Ali Shahriari ,&nbsp;Henry Kinnard Jr. ,&nbsp;Bryan Ticer ,&nbsp;Leah Anderson ,&nbsp;Stefano Tarantini ,&nbsp;Yan Daniel Zhao ,&nbsp;Norman G. Hord ,&nbsp;Andriy Yabluchanskiy","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><div>Obesity-related mitochondrial dysfunction initiates and exacerbates endothelial dysfunction, which in turn contributes to the development of several diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and cognitive impairment. Urolithin A (UroA) is a polyphenol-derived microbial metabolite with mitophagy activator activity. Although the safety, pharmacokinetics, and effects of UroA supplementation on muscle health have been investigated in humans, its potential to mitigate endothelial dysfunction in obese adults remains unknown. Thus, this protocol details the procedures of a study designed to investigate the effect of 4 weeks of UroA supplementation on endothelial and cerebrovascular function in middle-aged adults with obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study is a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized, parallel interventional trial. Eligible participants are between 40–64 years old and have a BMI ≥30 kg/m². Enrolled participants are randomized to receive active (1,000 mg of UroA daily) or control (placebo) intervention for 4 weeks. Before and after the intervention, they undergo peripheral micro- and macrovascular endothelial function and cerebrovascular function assessments.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We expect that those who receive UroA supplementation will have a significant improvement in endothelial and cerebrovascular function compared with those who receive placebo.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results of this trial will provide important insights into the effect of UroA on endothelial dysfunction in adults with obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><div>This study was prospectively registered at <span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> on June 26, 2023 (NCT05921266).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 217-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional status and intestinal parasitism determinants of cognitive performance among secondary school students in South-East Nigeria","authors":"Uzochukwu G. Ekeleme,&nbsp;Uchechukwu M. Chukwuocha,&nbsp;Christopher Chike A. Okereke,&nbsp;Chidinma O. Akanazu,&nbsp;Queeneth C. Onuoha,&nbsp;Ijeoma G. Chukwuemeka,&nbsp;Chiamaka C. Ogujiuba,&nbsp;Chigozie C. Ukachukwu,&nbsp;Chinwendu L. Opara,&nbsp;Amarachi B. Nwokoro","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Adolescents represent a critical population in public health research because their well-being has significant implications for future societal outcomes. This study focuses on the nutritional status and intestinal parasitism determinants of cognitive performance among secondary school students in South-East Nigeria. A cross-sectional design was used involving 481 secondary school students in five states in southeastern Nigeria. The sample included both middle and upper secondary school students from different socioeconomic backgrounds and school types. Data collection included administration of a comprehensive questionnaire, taking anthropometric measurements, assessing nutritional status using WHO-recommended Z-scores, and assessing cognitive performance through continuous assessment tests. The parasites were identified by their morphology with reference to the Cheesbrough parasitological manual. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square tests and Quantitative Parasitological Software version 3.0. The results showed a prevalence rate of 46.4% for intestinal parasites, with Ascaris lumbricoides being the most common (50.5%). The association between intestinal parasites and cognitive performance was significant in students infected with &lt;em&gt;Ascaris lumbricoides&lt;/em&gt; (50.2), hookworm (52.5), &lt;em&gt;Hymenolepis nana&lt;/em&gt; (45.5) and co-infection with Ascaris hookworm (41.2) who had extremely low IQs. Assessment of nutritional status revealed that 21.2% of students were malnourished, and assessment of cognitive performance revealed a significant association between age (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.00164) and gender (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.000891) with IQ categories. Among the age groups, 16–18 year olds had the highest scores at 41.18% and fell under ∖“Extremely Low IQ∖”, the age group &gt; 19 was below ∖“Borderline∖” at 50%, a higher percentage of men were under ∖\" “Borderline IQ” (47.27%), while a larger proportion of women were classified as “extremely low” (29.91%). The students' eating habits showed that 75.5% reported regular daily food consumption, while 24.5% had irregular eating habits. Most students (67.5%) had normal nutritional status (−2 ≤ Z ≤+1), with males (65%) slightly outnumbering females (35%), and the highest prevalence among 16–18-year-olds (36%). Overweight students (+1 &lt; Z ≤ +2) comprised 15%, with a similar prevalence among males (22%) and females (15%), and the highest prevalence also in the 16–18-year age group (36%). The relationship between dietary habits and cognitive performance revealed that regular meals per day had a statistically significant association with cognitive performance (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.007), frequency of consumption of fruits (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.0378), fried foods (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.028) and of daily water intake (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.005) also showed significant relationships with cognitive output. These results provide valuable insights into the health and well-being of secondary school students in southeastern Nigeria ","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 200-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between dietary fiber, the gut microbiota, and health outcomes in breast cancer survivors: A scoping review","authors":"Elham Samami ,&nbsp;Angela Starkweather ,&nbsp;Debra E. Lyon ,&nbsp;Debra L. Kelly","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.03.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.03.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently identified malignancy in women and a major cause of female mortality. Its progression is influenced by a range of factors, including genetic, environmental, lifestyle, and hormonal elements. Recently, the gut microbiota (GM) has emerged as an important factor impacting BC. Dietary factors, particularly dietary fibers, may play a significant role in BC survivorship. These nondigestible carbohydrates serve as nutrients for gut microorganisms, promoting GM diversity and production of beneficial short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which possess anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties, influencing estrogen metabolism through the gut estrobolome, which modulates estrogen exposure and BC risk. This review synthesizes current literature on the effects of dietary fibers on GM in BC patients, exploring underlying mechanisms and clinical implications.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Studies from PubMed/Medline and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases were identified up to June 2024, including quantitative designs targeting BC cases with performed GM analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ten studies met the inclusion criteria, revealing that dietary fibers consistently correlate with beneficial changes in GM, such as increased diversity and beneficial bacterial abundance while reducing harmful bacteria linked to estrogen reabsorption. Dietary fibers influence GM by serving as fermentation substrates and producing SCFAs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The review highlights the necessity of standardizing microbiota analysis and dietary assessment methods and calls for long-term studies across diverse populations. Personalized nutritional interventions based on individual GM microbiota hold promise to improve BC outcomes and quality of life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 174-189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The nutritional status of people hospitalized for hyperemesis gravidarum","authors":"Larissa A.W. Jansen ,&nbsp;Lois M. van der Minnen ,&nbsp;Joris A.M. van der Post ,&nbsp;Joke M.J. Bais ,&nbsp;Carrie Ris-Stalpers ,&nbsp;Henk A. Bremer ,&nbsp;David P. van der Ham ,&nbsp;Wieteke M. Heidema ,&nbsp;Anjoke Huisjes ,&nbsp;Gunilla Kleiverda ,&nbsp;Hinke M. Kruizenga ,&nbsp;Simone M. Kuppens ,&nbsp;Judith O.E.H. van Laar ,&nbsp;Josje Langenveld ,&nbsp;Flip van der Made ,&nbsp;Dimitri Papatsonis ,&nbsp;Marie-José Pelinck ,&nbsp;Paula J. Pernet ,&nbsp;Leonie van Rheenen-Flach ,&nbsp;Robbert J. Rijnders ,&nbsp;Rebecca C. Painter","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.03.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is defined as severe nausea and vomiting in pregnancy. Persistent nausea and vomiting can lead to weight loss and depletion of maternal nutrients. The severity and persistence of maternal undernutrition secondary to HG, as expressed by energy, macro- and micronutrient intake, has not been extensively studied. The aim of our study was to prospectively investigate the nutritional intake of people with HG during the first twenty weeks of their pregnancy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>For this study, we included people admitted for HG, who participated in the Maternal and Offspring outcomes after Treatment of HyperEmesis by Refeeding randomized controlled trial (MOTHER RCT, NTR 4197). Individuals who refused randomization were studied in an observational cohort study. We included pregnant people between 5 and 20 weeks of gestation who had completed at least one dietary questionnaire from 19 hospitals in the Netherlands. This questionnaire was collected weekly, until 20 weeks of gestation or until symptoms abated, and registered symptom severity, maternal weight and dietary intake. We excluded participants who only had data available while on tube feeding, or within 2 days of tube cessation. A 24-hour intake was calculated for intake of energy, protein, carbohydrates, fat, saturated fat, iodine, iron, folate, omega3 fatty acids and thiamine.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between 2013–2016, we collected 601 dietary questionnaires from 160 participants (varying between 1 to 12 per person). The daily intake of energy, protein, carbohydrates and fat was sufficient (more than 75% of recommended amount) in respectively 27%, 38%, 73% and 27% of dietary questionnaires. The daily intake of energy, protein, carbohydrates and fat was less than 50% of the recommended amount in respectively 44%, 39%, 17% and 43% of dietary questionnaires. 23% of dietary questionnaires exceeded the maximum recommended amount of saturated fat a day. For iodine and iron daily intake was sufficient in respectively 11% and 14% of dietary questionnaires. The daily intake of iodine and iron did not reach 50% of recommended amount in respectively 67% and 64%. Only three dietary questionnaires showed a sufficient intake of folate, 93% of dietary questionnaires did not reach 50% of recommended amount of folate. For omega3 fatty acids and thiamine the daily intake was sufficient in respectively 78% and 25%. The daily intake of omega 3 fatty acids and thiamine was less than 50% of the recommended amount in respectively 17% and 53%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings demonstrate that intake of macro-and micronutrients as well as total energy intake is deficient in people who suffer from HG. This is a particular concern, as nutrient deficiency in pregnancy can negatively impact the health of the offspring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 253-270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}