Clinical Nutrition Open Science最新文献

{"title":"CONECT study: A prospective observational study on comparative nutritional efficacy in critically ill patients receiving ready-to-use vs. compounded parenteral nutrition","authors":"Diogo Oliveira Toledo ,&nbsp;Gabriel Bernardes Yacoub ,&nbsp;Enzzo de Almeida Gallafassi ,&nbsp;Fernanda Antunes Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Julieta Regina Moraes ,&nbsp;Priscila Barsanti de Paula Nogueira ,&nbsp;Daniel Tavares Malheiro ,&nbsp;João Manoel Silva Jr.","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Critically ill patients often require parenteral nutrition (PN), however the clinical and economic impact of ready-to-use diets compared to compounded diets is not well understood. This study aimed to analyze the safety and cost-effectiveness of these nutritional strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A prospective observational study was conducted with patients requiring parenteral nutritional therapy. Data on nutritional composition, costs, and complications were collected, and propensity score adjustment was applied to the total sample to ensure an appropriate balance between the ready-to-use diet and the compounded diet groups. Cost calculations were adjusted for diet duration. Outcomes included total complications, mortality, cost per avoided complication, and cost per life saved.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 398 patients were screened, and 329 were included. Following propensity score adjustment, the study included 50 patients, with 25 in each group. The compounded diet showed a higher supply of proteins and lipids, resulting in significantly higher levels of triglycerides (451.11 mg/dL vs. 120.22 mg/dL), pre-albumin (27.24 mg/dL vs. 14.24 mg/dL), glucose (144.32 mg/dL vs. 123.93 mg/dL), and urea (75.6 mg/dL vs. 56.3 mg/dL) in the first week, with persistently elevated levels over four weeks. Although the compounded diet exhibited a lower daily complication rate (0.96 vs. 2.14), the daily mortality rate was higher (0.32 deaths/day vs. 0.14 deaths/day), with no statistically significant difference (<em>P</em> = 0.34). The total cost during the administration of the diet was USD 129,919.00 for the ready-to-use diet and USD 331,525.00 for the compounded diet, resulting in a total incremental cost of USD 201,606.00 over 25 days. The cost per avoided complication was USD 11,121.07 for the ready-to-use diet and USD 12,730.54 for the compounded diet, while the cost per life saved was USD 727.55 for the ready-to-use diet and USD 4,243.51 for the compounded diet.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Compounded PN resulted in higher costs without a statistically significant difference in complications or mortality when compared to the ready-to-use diet. These findings highlight the need for further studies to evaluate the clinical and economic impact of different parenteral nutrition strategies before large-scale implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 139-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of sports and nutrition interventions on the bodyfat and BMI of primary school children (compared to the effects of a lockdown period while Covid19-pandemic)","authors":"Paula Moliterno ,&nbsp;Magdalena Heindl ,&nbsp;Hanna Rosenauer ,&nbsp;Emma Malina-Altzinger ,&nbsp;Tamara Konrad ,&nbsp;Kurt Widhalm","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><div>The increasing rates of overweight and obesity highlight the need for prevention. The EDDY prevention study aimed to assess whether a school-based program with sports and nutrition interventions could improve the lifestyle of elementary school children in Vienna, Austria.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>During the school year 2018/19, 146 children (8–11 years) were assigned to an intervention group (I1, n=73) or control group (C1). In 2019/20, 130 children were included as a second control group (C2) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Only the intervention group received weekly nutrition and physical activity lessons for 5 months. Weight, height, and body fat were examined at baseline and the end of the project. Body fat was determined by bioelectric impedance analysis using a multi-frequency segmental body composition analyzer. Changes in body fat percentage and BMI after the intervention were compared between groups using Wilcoxon or Student T-Test. Additionally, comparisons were performed with the control group exposed to the first COVID-19 lockdown, where no intervention occurred.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The baseline median BMI for the I1 was 20.3 (14.9–30.6) kg/m², while the C1 was 18.5 (14.0–26.3) kg/m². After the intervention, a significant modest reduction in body fat percentage (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) was achieved [−1.35 (−4.20–0.90) %], compared to C1 [0.10 (−2.90–3.00) %] and C2 [1.88 (−2.55–7.51) %]. Significant differences in BMI changes were observed only between the I1 [0.44 (−1.29–1.84) kg/m²] and the C2 [1.31 (−0.49–3.27) kg/m²] (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A 5-month health intervention promoting nutritional education and additional physical activity in schoolchildren from Vienna positively affected body fat percentage, highlighting the importance of adjusting the school system. The additional challenges of the COVID-19 lockdown were evident in fat mass and BMI, illustrating the dramatic consequences of a lack of daily structure and the important influence of the family environment. Differences in BMI and body fat development suggest the importance of assessing body composition to monitor children's nutritional status.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 67-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of yacon syrup on postprandial blood glucose in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A double-blind randomized clinical trial","authors":"Fernanda Freitas Pereira ,&nbsp;Miriam Verginia Lourenço ,&nbsp;Gabriel Vendruscolo Pizo ,&nbsp;Beatris Gomes Siqueira ,&nbsp;Rita M. Moraes ,&nbsp;Charles L. Cantrell ,&nbsp;Mei Wang ,&nbsp;Rosana Maria dos Reis ,&nbsp;Anderson Marliere Navarro","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><div>Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a highly prevalent endocrine disorder that affects women of reproductive age worldwide. Important metabolic alterations, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance (IR), and impaired glucose metabolism aggravate PCOS, especially in those who are overweight and obese. Certain root vegetables, such as the tuberous root of yacon (<em>Smallanthus sonchifolius</em>), shows potential antidiabetic activity for improving human health. This study evaluates the effect of yacon syrup on postprandial blood glucose response in overweight or obese women with PCOS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a randomized crossover trial lasting fifteen days, with 5 days of intervention and a washout period of 3 days, involving 20 patients diagnosed as overweight or obese with PCOS. We performed a biochemical and anthropometric evaluation of daily food consumption. Yacon syrup and placebo were administered at breakfast, lunch, and dinner. We monitored blood glucose pre-meal, immediate post-meal, 1 hour post-meal, and 2 hours post-meal. A total of 20 women with PCOS were evaluated: 60% (n=12) overweight and 40% (n=8) obese, with a mean age of 27.15 (±5.92) years.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were no significant differences in food consumption (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). However, blood glucose data revealed differences in immediate postprandial blood glucose at meals in general (<em>P</em> = 0.007) and in immediate postprandial blood glucose at breakfast and dinner (<em>P</em>= 0.03 and <em>P</em> = 0.034, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings suggest that the consumption of yacon syrup as part of meals in overweight or obese women with PCOS may contribute to moderating immediate postprandial glycemic response. This effect could be beneficial in reducing glucose fluctuations following meals.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Trial Registry Number</h3><div>RBR-104qgt7b.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 79-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the association between vitamin D status and Corona Virus-19 infection in a cohort of adults aged 50 years and older","authors":"Carol L. Wagner ,&nbsp;John E. Baatz ,&nbsp;Myla Ebeling ,&nbsp;Danforth A. Newton ,&nbsp;Judith R. Shary ,&nbsp;Mathew Gregoski ,&nbsp;Mark T. Wagner ,&nbsp;David Zava ,&nbsp;Carole Baggerly ,&nbsp;Sonya Ketchens ,&nbsp;Jeffrey Korte ,&nbsp;Bruce W. Hollis","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Evaluate the association between vitamin D (vitD) status and Corona Virus-19 (COVID-19) infection in adults aged 50 years and older.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Design&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Adults ≥50 undergoing COVID-19 testing from July 2020 to December 2021, without prior vaccination, consented to blood analysis. SARS-CoV-2 PCR confirmed current COVID-19 infection. VitD status was assessed via 25(OH)D concentration (LCMS/MS, ZRT Labs, Portland, OR). Sociodemographic data were collected at enrollment. Statistical analyses (SAS 9.4) examined associations between sociodemographics, COVID-19, and vitD status. Multivariate logistic regression analyzed factors linked to COVID-19 or vitD status.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Of 131 participants, 46.6% were ≥65 years old, 71.0% married, 19.9% Black American, 36.6% male, 38.9% Medicaid/Medicare/self-pay, and 42.8% BMI≥30. VitD status and Black American (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0.0001) significantly associated with COVID-19 infection (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0.0001). Black American (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0.0003), males (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0.003), and BMI (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0.007) were inversely associated with 25(OH)D concentration. In a multiple logistic regression model predicting COVID-19 infection, only vitamin D status remained significant after controlling for certain sociodemographic and clinical factors (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&lt;0.0001, OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.89–0.95).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Of the 44 COVID-positive participants, 35 (79.6%) were hospitalized and 19 (43.2%) were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Hospitalization due to COVID-19 was associated with age ≥65 years old (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0.02; OR 12.0, 95% CI 1.34–106.79), male (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0.02, OR 10.7, 95% CI 1.20–94.73), and 25(OH)D &lt;40 ng/mL (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0.0006, OR 42.5, 95% CI 3.90–461.01). In multivariate analysis, the association between vitamin D status and the risk of COVID-related hospitalization remained significant and inversely associated (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0.03, OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.78–0.99).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;In unadjusted analysis, COVID pneumonia was associated with male sex (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0.049; OR 4.6, 95% CI 1.06–20.16) and 25(OH)D &lt;40 ng/mL (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0.006, OR 18.8, 95% CI 1.9–184.10). Participants with COVID infection and 25(OH)D &lt;20 ng/mL were 2.1 times more likely to be admitted to ICU/death (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0.03). In unadjusted analysis, ICU admission and/or death were linked to age ≥65 years (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0.0002, OR 16.9, 95% CI 3.63–78.56), Medicaid/Medicare/self-pay insurance status (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0.004, OR 0.1, 0.04–0.56), and 25(OH)D &lt;20 (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0.03, OR 3.9, 1.09–13.66) and &lt;40 ng/mL (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0.03); however, only age ≥65 remained significant in multivariate analysis (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;=0.04, OR 6.7, CI 1.05–43.0).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Lower 25(OH)D concentration was a significant predictor and/or contributor to COVID-19 infection, suggesting the importance of maintaining adequate vitamin D status in reducing infection risk and mitigating severe outcomes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/di","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 48-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional status and associated factors among adolescent girls attending high schools in Jigjiga, Ethiopia","authors":"Mahamed Abdulahi Ahmed ,&nbsp;Abdulkarim Mohamed Ali ,&nbsp;Shamsedin Mahdi Hassan ,&nbsp;Hassen Mahamed Jerar","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adolescent schoolgirls' nutritional status and dietary habits are crucial indicators of their current and future health outcomes. This study assessed the sociodemographic, socio-economic, nutritional status, dietary patterns, physical activity, lifestyle, and health conditions of 148 schoolgirls in the Somali Region, Ethiopia. A structured questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics were applied for data analysis. The study found that 14.9% of the schoolgirls were undernourished based on their Body Mass Index (BMI), indicating a significant public health concern. Furthermore, 58.8% of respondents reported experiencing significant weight fluctuations in the past year, and only 52% consumed three meals per day, while 35.1% skipped breakfast. Fruit and vegetable consumption was low, with only 32.4% consuming them daily. Fast food consumption was high (69.6%), with sanbusa being the most common. Physical inactivity was prevalent, with 50% of respondents reporting no engagement in physical activity during the week, and 78.4% not participating in organized sports. About 31.1% consumed carbonated and energy drinks daily, while 66.2% reported experiencing pre-menstrual syndrome. Knowledge, attitude, and practices around nutrition were mixed: only 15.5% claimed to have a lot of knowledge about the nutritional value of food, and while 93.2% recognized nutrition's importance for health, 39.2% felt they lacked adequate information about healthy eating. The findings reveal critical nutritional and lifestyle challenges among schoolgirls, including undernutrition, low dietary diversity, high fast-food and sugary drink consumption, limited physical activity, and insufficient dietary knowledge. These results underscore the need for targeted interventions to promote healthier eating habits, increase nutrition education, and encourage physical activity among adolescent girls to improve their overall health and well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 11-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144194716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing nutritional support: A quality improvement project for cancer patients undergoing anti-cancer treatment at the National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Qatar","authors":"Shaikhah Al-Keldi ,&nbsp;Zainab Tayyem ,&nbsp;Azar Naveen ,&nbsp;Ayman Allam ,&nbsp;Hodan Abdullah ,&nbsp;Zeinab Idris ,&nbsp;Hiba Eltahir ,&nbsp;Rumana Khanum ,&nbsp;Lamiaa Saleh ,&nbsp;Azza Hassan","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cancer patients often suffer from malnutrition related symptoms which can greatly affect their health and treatment outcomes. A screening pilot study was conducted, involving the random selection of 100 patients with specific cancer types at Day Care Unit (DCU). Risk of malnutrition was evaluated using the Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST), with scores of 2 and above indicating risk of malnutrition. The study found that over 85% of the patients were at high risk of malnutrition, emphasizing the necessity for intervention. To tackle this problem, a quality improvement was launched at DCU at National Center for Cancer Care and Research (NCCCR) in Qatar.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The aim of this project is to optimize the nutritional status of patients at risk of malnutrition who are receiving anti-cancer treatment at DCU by appropriate screening, assessment and interventions using the standardized MST by the end of June 2023.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A quality project was launched and 102 patients diagnosed with specific types of cancer and MST scores of 2 and higher were enrolled. These patients underwent personalized dietary assessments, received nutritional counselling and were provided with customized dietary plans and supplements tailored to their requirements. The effectiveness of these interventions was evaluated at 3 points: baseline, the 4^th week, and 8^th week.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The outcomes of this project were encouraging. Out of 102 patients, 68% displayed notable enhancement in nutrition (<em>P</em>=0.001), evidenced by MST scores below 2 during the 4^th week follow-up assessment. This improvement persisted into the 8^th week, with 67% of patients still showing progress (<em>P</em>=0.001) indicated by MST scores below 2. Importantly, there were no significant differences in outcomes based on age or gender.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The project shows the impact of interventions on enhancing the nutritional well-being of cancer patients. It stresses the significance of nutrition screening and timely intervention, and the necessity for proper referral procedures to connect patients with dietitians within the DCU.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-hospital parenteral nutrition use: A cohort study of administrative and computational challenges","authors":"Marc Romain ,&nbsp;Charles Weissman ,&nbsp;Khuloud Abu-Tair ,&nbsp;Abdallah Alaaldein ,&nbsp;Rivki Harari ,&nbsp;Orit Bitner ,&nbsp;Alexander Furmanov ,&nbsp;Shaul Yaari","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; aims</h3><div>Parenteral nutrition is a vital modality administered to patients with gastrointestinal tracts unable to support sufficient nutritional intake. We explored whether administrative and computational challenges encountered when analyzing in-patient parenteral nutrition use are similar to those found when analyzing critically ill patient activities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A dataset containing 9 years of routinely collected administrative data from a healthcare system comprising tertiary care and community hospitals, was analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Computational and administrative issues found when analyzing in-patient parenteral nutrition data were similar to those found when analyzing critical care data. Some patients had multiple hospital admissions so both the number of individual patients and admissions were quantified. In the tertiary facility 2,984 patients, admitted on 4,121 occasions, received parenteral nutrition for a total of 68,047 days; admission to patient ratio of 1.4. The ratio was 1.2 in the community hospital. Administrative challenges included changes in patient case-mix and medical staff. Computations showed the importance of carefully examining frequency distributions. Age distributions were bimodal, adult body-mass index distributions had Gaussian characteristics and parenteral nutrition administration duration distributions were rightward skewed because some patients received parenteral nutrition for extended periods. Therefore, median rather than mean durations represented central tendency. In the tertiary care institution, mean duration was 17.6 ± 26.1(SD) days but median was 12 days.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Parenteral nutrition is administered to heterogenous groups of patients hospitalized in different settings, suffering from various diseases and spanning all ages. Such heterogeneity requires paying attention to data characteristics and administrative issues when examining its in-hospital use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 329-339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144139716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidimensional analysis of access to resources and its relationship with food security in vulnerable populations","authors":"Vilma Raffo-Babici ,&nbsp;Juan Calderon-Cisneros ,&nbsp;Dennis Peralta-Gamboa ,&nbsp;Arianna Coloma-Casanova","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study addresses a multidimensional analysis of access to resources and its impact on food security in vulnerable populations.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Advanced statistical methods are used to examine how different socioeconomic, geographic, and demographic factors influence food availability and quality in disadvantaged communities<strong>.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Background</h3><div>The research highlights the importance of variables such as household income, education, access to health services, and local infrastructure. In addition, environmental aspects that can affect food production and distribution are considered.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The aim is to identify patterns and relationships that can inform more effective public policies and intervention strategies to improve food security.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results suggest that unequal access to critical resources is a determining factor in food insecurity and that addressing these disparities can lead to significant improvements in the quality of life of vulnerable populations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion and policy implications</h3><div>This analysis provides a solid foundation for future research and actions aimed at ensuring equitable access to essential resources, thereby promoting greater resilience and sustainability in these communities. By integrating education, infrastructure, and cultural preservation into food security programs, policymakers can create sustainable and impactful solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 317-328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and coexistence of malnutrition, sarcopenia, frailty and sarcopenic obesity among older adults in the community: Results from a prospective cohort study","authors":"Zhishan Jiang,&nbsp;Adrian Slee,&nbsp;Christine Elizabeth Weekes","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background &amp; aims&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Advanced age is an independent risk factor for malnutrition, sarcopenia, frailty and sarcopenic obesity (MSFSO), and each condition is associated with adverse outcomes, such as higher risk of morbidity and mortality, higher incidence of hospitalization, increased risk of falls and disability, poorer quality of life (QOL), and greater use of health and social care resources. Some characteristics overlap between MSFSO, yet there is a lack of research into the coexistence of these conditions currently. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the prevalence and coexistence of MSFSO among older adults in different community settings, to identify potential associated factors, and to examine its associations with mortality, QOL and contacts with health and social care professionals (HSCPs).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Data were retrieved from a prospective cohort study, recruiting older adults (≥60 years of age) from community settings. Baseline characteristics from two settings, general practice (GP) and intermediate care (IC), were analyzed in this study.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;347 participants were analyzed (57% females, mean age 77 ± 9 years, mean body mass index 25.8 ± 5.7 kg/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;), with 52% from GP and 48% from IC. The prevalence rates were 21.6% for malnutrition, 50.1% for sarcopenia, 49.3% for frailty, and 12.1% for sarcopenic obesity. More than half of the subjects (53.8%) experienced at least one of the above conditions, with 4 participants (1.3%) suffering from all four conditions simultaneously. The IC cohort was older and had a poorer health status compared to the GP population, resulting in a significantly higher prevalence of malnutrition (41.5% vs. 7.9%, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001), sarcopenia (85.7% vs. 16.8%, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001), frailty (91.1% vs. 10.0%, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001), sarcopenic obesity (17.9% vs. 7.3%, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.006) and coexisting MSFSO (83.7% vs. 12.4%, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001). In addition, strong associations were observed between higher coexistence of MSFSO conditions and participants from the IC setting (IRR 4.12, 95%CI 3.06–5.56, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001) or with more comorbidities (IRR 1.55, 95%CI 1.13–2.12, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.007). The majority of participants (90.3%, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001) who subsequently died during the study had at least two conditions of MSFSO. Subjects with coexistence of MSFSO also had poorer perceived QOL (EQ-5D Visual Analogue Scale: none vs. ≥2 conditions = 85 scores vs. 56 scores, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001) and generally more contacts with HSCPs.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Coexistence of MSFSO was associated with a greater risk of mortality, a poorer perceived QOL and an increased contact with health and social care services. Furthermore, people in the IC setting or with more comorbidities were more likely to experience a higher coexistence of MSFSO. The differences in characteristics and MSFSO prevalence rates bet","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"62 ","pages":"Pages 26-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aglutenic cupcakes for gastro-intestinal symptoms and hematological indices in diagnosed celiac children –A randomized trial","authors":"Shaista Jabeen ,&nbsp;Azmat Ullah Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.04.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fundamental adherence to gluten-free diet can improve gastrointestinal symptoms. Substitution of wheat should be done in order to fulfil gluten-free criteria and nutrient density.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of gluten free cupcakes formulated by substitution of low FODMAP foods.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>Random parallel assignment was adopted (1b).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 12 weeks efficacy trial was conducted on children of age 3–8 years, and were randomly allocated into two groups (n = 35 in each group). Gluten free cupcakes group was provided with gluten-free flour blend cupcakes (35 g), while placebo group was provided with rice flour-based cupcakes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Weight was significantly increased in both placebo (13.7 ± 4.8 to 14.5 ± 4.4) and gluten free (13.6 ± 4.6 to 15.4 ± 4.6) groups. Mid upper arm circumference was significantly increased in gluten free group only (15.3 ± 3 to 15.5 ± 3). Abdominal pain was reduced to 38.7% from 6.5% (absent) in the placebo group compared to gluten free group 15.2%–33.3% (absent), while diarrhea was reduced to 33.3% from 27.3%. Serum platelets were significantly reduced in gluten free cupcake group (GFC) from 308.4 ± 39.5 to 300.3 ± 38.7 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Tissue trans-glutaminase antibody (tTg-IgA) was significantly reduced from 148 ± 51 to 127 ± 31.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Formulated gluten-free cupcakes are found to be effective in improving gastrointestinal symptoms and anthropometrics in patients with celiac disease.</div></div><div><h3>ClinicalTrials.gov PRS</h3><div>Record Summary NCT06359613.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"61 ","pages":"Pages 307-316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}