Clinical Nutrition Open Science最新文献

{"title":"Accuracy of resting energy expenditure predictive equations in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors","authors":"Montserrat Montes-Ibarra ,&nbsp;Camila L.P. Oliveira ,&nbsp;Taiwo Olobatuyi ,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Richard Thompson ,&nbsp;D. Ian Paterson ,&nbsp;Carla M. Prado","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><div>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be associated with abnormal energy metabolism and lead to inaccurate resting energy expenditure (REE) estimations by predictive equations. Here, we report measured REE (mREE) of a group of COVID-19 survivors and compared its accuracy against predicted REE (pREE).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional analysis of patients who survived COVID-19 prior to July 2021. An indirect calorimeter was used for mREE and compared against 21 pREE equations, 10 of which used a measure of body composition. Paired t-tests and Bland-Altman analysis were used to evaluate agreement and relative accuracy or bias for percentage error between pREE and mREE; measurements within ±10% were considered accurate.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We assessed 38 COVID-19 survivors; age: 48.5y (interquartile range: 40.2, 60.0), body mass index: 29.3±5.6 kg/m², mREE: 1520± 275 kcal/d, time since COVID-19: 183.2 ±34.4 days. Ten (47.6%) pREE equations were significantly different from mREE (<em>P</em> &lt;0.05). Harris-Benedict equation had the smallest limits of agreement, ranging from -14.3% to 25.8% (or -249 to 393 kcal/d). Mifflin St-Jeor was the most accurate equation (within 10% of mREE). The best performing equation (Mifflin St-Jeor) still over or under-estimated pREE in ∼37% of the patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A large variability in mREE versus pREE was observed in COVID-19 survivors. Even the most accurate equation (Mifflin St-Jeor) exhibited higher inaccuracies compared to mREE. We need to explore better methods to estimate energy requirements during the COVID-19 recovery period, until more accurate predictive equations are developed this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 175-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediabetes detection in unconstrained conditions using wearable sensors","authors":"Dimitra Tatli ,&nbsp;Vasileios Papapanagiotou ,&nbsp;Aris Liakos ,&nbsp;Apostolos Tsapas ,&nbsp;Anastasios Delopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.09.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prediabetes is a common health condition that often goes undetected until it progresses to type 2 diabetes. Early identification of prediabetes is essential for timely intervention and prevention of complications. This research explores the feasibility of using wearable continuous glucose monitoring along with smartwatches with embedded inertial sensors to collect glucose measurements and acceleration signals respectively, for the early detection of prediabetes. We propose a methodology based on signal processing and machine learning techniques. Two feature sets are extracted from the collected signals, based both on a dynamic modeling of the human glucose-homeostasis system and on the Glucose curve, inspired by three major glucose related blood tests. Features are aggregated per individual using bootstrap. Support Vector Machines are used to classify normoglycemic vs. prediabetic individuals. We collected data from 22 participants for evaluation. The results are highly encouraging, demonstrating high sensitivity and precision. This work is a proof of concept, highlighting the potential of wearable devices in prediabetes assessment. Future directions involve expanding the study to a larger, more diverse population and exploring the integration of CGM and smartwatch functionalities into a unified device. Automated eating detecting algorithms can also be used.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 163-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intervention of roasted cashew nut supplement against endothelial renal vasoconstriction disease in hypertensive rats exposed to mixed-fractionated petroleum products","authors":"J.K. Akintunde ,&nbsp;A.O. Okunubi ,&nbsp;O.A. Dosumu ,&nbsp;A.T. Omidiran ,&nbsp;A.D. Folayan ,&nbsp;S.O. Salami","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There have been increasing concerns about the great risks posed by petroleum products which contribute to the progression endothelial renal vasoconstriction and hypertension. This study aims to investigate the modulatory effects of Roasted cashew nut on rats induced with endothelial renal vasoconstriction syndrome upon exposure to mixed fractionated petroleum products (MFPP). Seventy male albino rats were randomized into seven (n=10) groups. Group I (normal control) was given distilled water. Group II was administered with MFPP (20 %/day). Group III was administered with MFPP (20 %/day) + atenolol (50 mg/kg). Group IV was administered with MFPP (20 %/day) + 10 % roasted cashew nut (10 %RCN). Group V was administered with MFPP (20 %/day) + (20 %RCN). Group VI was treated with 10 %RCN while Group VII was treated with 20 %RCN. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan's multiple range test with <em>P</em>&lt;0.05 considered significant. Oral RCN intervention prohibited endothelial renal vasoconstriction syndrome and hypertension by down-regulating the pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-10, TNF-α, HIF-1, MCP-1 and p53 with a concomitant inhibition of the activities of arginase, phosphodiesterase-5¹ (PDE-5¹) and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). Furthermore, endothelial renal vasoconstriction syndrome was pointedly abrogated by treatment with RCN as depicted by the reduced activities of the enzymes of ATP hydrolysis (ATPase, ADPase, AMPase and ADA), AChE and MAO-A with a subsequent upsurge in the level of NO while the histological derangements caused by MFPP were completely abated. This study thus authenticates the proposition that RCN may be a valuable therapy in ameliorating apoptosis, renal pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes of ATP-hydrolysis in endothelial renal vasoconstriction syndrome and hypertensive rat model on exposure to MFPP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 183-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between early postoperative food intake and postoperative hospital length of stay in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: A retrospective observational single-center study","authors":"Eri Natsuhori ,&nbsp;Takeshi Unoki","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><div>Perioperative nutritional status is critical during the postoperative recovery process in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Several studies on patients undergoing cardiac surgery have reported low energy intake in early postoperative food intake via oral nutrition; however, no study has shown an association of low energy intake with postoperative hospital length of stay (LOS). This study aimed to determine whether early postoperative low food intake was associated with prolonged postoperative hospital LOS in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a retrospective, observational, singlecenter study conducted in patients aged ≥18 years undergoing elective cardiac surgery from January 1, 2020, to May 31, 2023. Patients were categorized by food intake as food intake &lt; 50% (low food intake group) and ≥ 50% (adequate food intake group) at lunch on postoperative day (POD) 3. The primary outcome of this study was the postoperative hospital LOS. A generalized linear model was used to examine the association between food intake and postoperative hospital LOS using the following explanatory variables: age, European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) II value, preoperative risk of malnutrition, activities of daily living status, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, and C-reactive protein level.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 315 patients, 104 (33.0%) had a food intake of &lt;50% on POD3. There were no significant differences in age, sex, EuroSCORE II value, and comorbidities between the two groups. Patients in the low-food intake group had a significantly lower Barthel Index (6.7% vs. 1.4%, p = 0.017) and a higher malnutrition risk according to the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form score (40.4% vs. 28.2%, p = 0.043). Food intake of &lt;50% on POD3 was associated with prolonged postoperative hospital LOS (β = 1.135 [95% confidence interval: 1.004–1.262], p = 0.018).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Low food intake on POD3 is associated with prolonged postoperative hospital LOS in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Early postoperative food intake should be closely monitored in patients after elective cardiac surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 146-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer predictive model derived from bioimpedance measurements using machine learning methods","authors":"José Luis García Bello ,&nbsp;Taira Batista Luna ,&nbsp;Agustín Garzón Carbonell ,&nbsp;Ana de la Caridad Román Montoya ,&nbsp;Alcibíades Lara Lafargue ,&nbsp;Héctor Manuel Camué Ciria ,&nbsp;Yohandys A. Zulueta","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This work is aimed to develop a machine learning predictions of health status derived from bioimpedance measurements of adult healthy and cancer individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a pilot random study containing 2881 female (1220) and male (1661) patients ranging in age between 19 to 96 years old are studied. Among of them, 33 are diagnosed with cancer disease, the rest are healthy. After balancing the initial data, the data of interest contains 1.460 individuals ranging in age between 19 and 93 years old (734 female and 726 male), with 704 diagnosed with cancer and 756 healthy, respectively. The bioimpedance parameters are obtained by measuring standard tetrapolar whole-body configuration. The bioimpedance analyser (BioScan98®) is used, collecting fundamental bioelectrical and other parameters of interest. A classification model are performed, followed by a prediction of phase angle and body mass index.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The classification model reveal two robust parameters for predicting the health status, namely the impedance, the total body water and the phase angle with a 97%, 34% and 30 % of significance (respectively), with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of AUC = 1.00. The phase angle predictions agrees with previous reports of other type of pathologies, where higher phase angle values is ascribed to better health status and male have larger values than female. Recommendations regarding the capacitive reactance as a robust parameter to inferring health status is discussed. The cubic support vector machine model shows great accuracy predicting the nutritional status based on body mass index of both healthy and cancer patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The classification, phase angle and body mass index predictive models developed in this work are of the great importance to assist the diagnosis, differentiating between healthy and cancer individual with great accuracy. Despite the moderate lack of body mass index association with cancer, this model can be used for prompt diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 131-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142532531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longer sitting times and bulk amounts of rice intake are associated with the increased risks of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver diseases (MAFLD): A case-control study","authors":"Shahinul Alam ,&nbsp;Mahbuba Kawser ,&nbsp;Saif Uddin Nisar Ahmed ,&nbsp;Md Mahabubul Alam ,&nbsp;Md Saiful Islam ,&nbsp;Shayla Nasrin","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aims</h3><div>One-third of the country suffers from metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) due to unhealthy, improper dietary habits and sedentary lifestyles. This study aimed to explore the specific diet and lifestyle factors responsible for MAFLD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This case-control study was conducted among the source population (n=200 diagnosed with MAFLD criteria; n=100 healthy controls). Quantitative approaches, such as interviews, were applied to measure dietary practices and physical activity levels.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most (89.5%) of the MAFLD patients were obese, used to sedentary lifestyles (56.0%), and took outside foods (58.5%) than their counterparts (P&lt;0.001). Moreover, nutrient intake analysis/day depicted that MAFLD patients consumed significantly higher amounts of total energy (2288.8 vs. 1570.8 kcal/day), calories from rice (1003.6 vs.795.2 Kcal/day), carbs (335.2 vs. 198.8 g/day), protein (97.9 vs. 85.9 g/day), fat (61.8 vs. 48.0 g/day) than controls. Nevertheless, 86.5% of MAFLD patients consumed a surplus of +268.6 kcal/day, indicating energy was not burnt through physical activities, while 89.0% of controls have negative energy balance (-360.4 kcal/day). Multivariable analyses revealed that &gt;300 minutes sitting times (aOR=8.6), &gt;300 g/day carbohydrate consumption (aOR=6.9), &gt;950 kcal/day from rice (aOR=2.2), &gt;50 g/day fat (aOR=2.9), ≤2000 Kcal/day energy-expenditure (aOR=2.9), BMI &gt;25 kg/m² (Adjusted odds ratio=aOR=16.1)<strong>,</strong> eating outside (aOR=7.4), being housewives (aOR=4.89), service-holders (aOR=4.12), &gt;31 age group (aOR=2.9), are significant risk factors for MAFLD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Longer sitting times, outside eating habits, more energy from carbohydrates, especially rice, and a daily positive energy balance lead to obesity and, consequently, an increased risk of MAFLD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 275-288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-caffeine green tea supplementation reduced lithium serum levels and the relative abundance of microbiota in women with obesity: A case study","authors":"Natália Yumi Noronha ,&nbsp;Guilherme da Silva Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Vanessa Fernandes Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Carolina Ferreira Nicoletti ,&nbsp;Luzânia dos Santos Martins ,&nbsp;Luísa Maria Diani ,&nbsp;Heitor Bernardes Pereira Delfino ,&nbsp;Marcela Augusta de Souza Pinhel ,&nbsp;Lígia Moriguchi Watanabe ,&nbsp;Wellington Tavares de Sousa Júnior ,&nbsp;Déborah Araújo Morais ,&nbsp;Fernando Barbosa Júnior ,&nbsp;Fabiani Gai Frantz ,&nbsp;Daniela Carlos ,&nbsp;Carla Barbosa Nonino","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.09.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Green tea (GT) polyphenols play an important and known role in the oxidative and inflammatory response due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperglycemic, and anti-obesity properties. However, its relation to the detoxification of toxic metals and its possible effect remains unknown.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The present study investigated the relationship between GT intake, toxic metals detoxification, and gut microbiota in obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Each participant in the group initially received 56 capsules of low-caffeine GT from the Solaray® brand. After four weeks of supplementation, another 56 capsules were given, totaling 112. All assessments were performed pre- and post-GT intervention. Serum metal levels were determined using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (PerkinElmer, NexION 2000 B, Waltham, MA, EUA, EUA). Fecal DNA was extracted using the QIAmp® Fast DNA Stool MiniKit (QIAGEN).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Intervention with GT did not promote changes in the clinical or metabolic data evaluated. However, GT supplementation led to a significant decrease of 48% in Lithium concentration in the post-intervention period compared to the pre-intervention period. This study also observes the prebiotic effect of green tea in modulating <em>Bacteroidetes</em> and <em>Firmicutes</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The GT effect of Lithium reduction is a new finding in the literature. There is a lack of investigation to address the effects of the components of the GT in lithium excretion, and we attribute this effect to the trace amount of caffeine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 252-264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the barriers to diagnosing malnutrition in patients with cancer: A study on oncologists' perspectives","authors":"Lisa Heide Koteng ,&nbsp;Kari Sand ,&nbsp;Ingvild Paur ,&nbsp;Asta Bye ,&nbsp;Bente Ervik ,&nbsp;Tora S. Solheim ,&nbsp;Inger Ottestad ,&nbsp;Trude R. Balstad","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>Patients with cancer are at high risk of malnutrition, yet relevant ICD-10 codes for malnutrition are underutilized in cancer clinics. Understanding oncologists' perspectives is crucial for optimizing malnutrition diagnosis codes and enhancing nutritional practices to improve patient care. This study aims to explore oncologists' perspectives on the use and feasibility of the ICD-10 codes for malnutrition.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A qualitative study was conducted, consisting of four focus group interviews with oncologists (n=14) from three Norwegian hospitals. A semi-structured interview guide, covering five main topics, guided the discussions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Few oncologists were familiar with the malnutrition diagnosis codes. The codes were considered inapplicable in clinical practice, partly due to complex diagnostic criteria. None used the codes systematically, instead relying on inquiries about patients' weight, weight loss, food intake, and appetite. Oncologists prioritized identifying patients in need of nutritional treatment, considering diagnosis codes unnecessary for providing quality care. Proposals for increased code utilization included economic incentives, enhanced collaboration with clinical dietitians, and digital systems for automated coding.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The oncologists expressed that they prevent and treat malnutrition in patients with cancer, but not systematically. They do not utilize ICD-10 codes for malnutrition, citing both complex diagnostic criteria and the codes’ lack of relevance to nutritional treatment as limiting factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 289-301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional risk, nutrition impact symptoms, and dietary intake after four or more days of admission: A cross-sectional study on hospitalised patients","authors":"Jonas Anias Svendsen ,&nbsp;Ines Raben ,&nbsp;Matias Holskou ,&nbsp;Anja Weirsøe Dynesen","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.09.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Regular audits on nutrition screening, therapy, and dietary intake monitoring are essential for ensuring optimal nutrition practice. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of nutritional risk, nutritional coverage, and nutrition impact symptoms (NIS) in hospitalized patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted, including adult patients admitted for ≥5 days on November 1, 2023. Data were collected from medical records to estimate the prevalence of nutritional risk using the NRS-2002 score. Additionally, data on dietary intake and NIS were collected through interviews with patients identified as being at nutritional risk.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 104 patients (48% females) were included in the study, with 51% identified as being at nutritional risk. Patients at nutritional risk and those not at risk differed significantly in terms of length of admission (median 9 (IQR: 7–17) vs. 7 days (6–11), <em>P</em> = 0.015) and BMI (median 22.3 (IQR: 20.3–27.7) vs. 25.9 (22.9–29.7), <em>P</em> = 0.015). Patients at nutritional risk had a median energy coverage of 60% (IQR: 38–87) and a median protein coverage of 45% (IQR: 36–82). However, only 42% of them achieved an energy intake of ≥75% of the estimated requirement, while 28% met the same level for protein intake. The most prevalent NIS affecting dietary intake was ‘diarrhea, constipation, or discomfort from the stomach’, reported by 50% of patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights the significant prevalence of nutritional risk among hospitalised patients, with one in every two patients identified as being at risk. Despite efforts, nutritional needs were not adequately met, particularly regarding protein intake. Regular audits and interdisciplinary collaboration are necessary for improving nutritional care and outcomes in hospital settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 121-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taste perception changes in multiple myeloma and head & neck cancer patients: A qualitative study","authors":"Ghias Kulsoom ,&nbsp;Maura Dowling ,&nbsp;Krawczyk Janusz ,&nbsp;Edel Barrett ,&nbsp;Gupta Ananya","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.09.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2024.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Changes in taste have been perceived as a common side effect of different cancers and may lead to malnutrition. Hence, the importance of understanding cancer patients' sensory taste perceptions and its impact on nutritional status, quality of life (QoL), and oral nutrition supplements (ONS) compliance becomes crucial. This qualitative study involved semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 24 adults (15 with multiple myeloma and 9 with head &amp; neck cancer). The interviews were transcribed and the data analysis was conducted using reflexive thematic analysis and template analysis. This guided the development of four themes: 1. Taste and smell changes, 2. Impact on nutritional status and quality of life, 3. Information and help available for people experiencing changes in their taste, and 4. ONS and its compliance. Our findings show significant negative impact of chemosensory changes on nutritional status, quality of life and ONS compliance. Patient's experience with the level of support received for the management of taste changes during cancer treatment varied widely. Providing adequate information and support in a timely manner about changes in taste during treatment can improve patients' coping strategies and maintain their nutritional status. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of addressing taste changes and ONS compliance for people with multiple myeloma and head and neck cancer undergoing treatment. Specifically, the taste changes and its impact experienced by people with head and neck cancer were found to be more severe than those experienced by multiple myeloma patients. This study provides an understanding of changes in sensory taste perception experienced by cancer patients and its impact on nutritional status and QoL. This understanding can provide insight into ways to improve ONS consumption and compliance for preventing malnutrition. It is crucial to further conduct ONS sensory evaluations that cater to the specific needs of this cohort to help prevent malnutrition among cancer patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"58 ","pages":"Pages 104-120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}