Cells and Development最新文献

{"title":"A physical model for dynamic assembly of human salivary stem/progenitor microstructures","authors":"Yuyang Chen ,&nbsp;Danielle Wu ,&nbsp;Herbert Levine","doi":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203803","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203803","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The <em>in vitro</em> reconstructions of human salivary glands in service of their eventual medical use represent a challenge for tissue engineering. Here, we present a theoretical approach to the dynamical formation of acinar structures from human salivary cells, focusing on observed stick-slip radial expansion as well as possible growth instabilities. Our findings demonstrate the critical importance of basement membrane remodeling in controlling the growth process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36123,"journal":{"name":"Cells and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667290122000390/pdfft?md5=355694aff7bbe564b1853eb95bc4fa98&pid=1-s2.0-S2667290122000390-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9135878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The functional verification and analysis of Fugu promoter of cardiac gene tnni1a in zebrafish","authors":"Yiting Gui ,&nbsp;Yawen Zhang ,&nbsp;Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Xudong Chen ,&nbsp;Feng Wang ,&nbsp;Fang Wu ,&nbsp;Yonghao Gui ,&nbsp;Qiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203801","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203801","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Troponin I type 1b (<em>Tnni1b</em>) is thought to be a novel isoform that is expressed only in the zebrafish heart. Knocking down of <em>tnni1b</em> can lead to cardiac defects in zebrafish. Although both the zebrafish <em>tnni1b</em> and human troponin I1 (<em>TNNI1</em>) genes are thought to be closely associated with fatal cardiac development, the regulatory molecular mechanisms of these genes are poorly understood. Analyzing the functionally conserved sequence, especially in the noncoding regulatory region involved in gene expression, clarified these mechanisms. In this study, we isolated a 3 kb fragment upstream of Fugu <em>tnni1a</em> that can regulate green fluorescence protein (GFP) expression in a heart-specific manner, similar to the pattern of zebrafish homologue expression. Three evolutionarily conserved regions (ECRs) in the 5′-flanking sequence of Fugu <em>tnni1a</em> were identified by sequence alignment. Deletion analysis led to the identification of ECR2 as a core sequence that affects the heart-specific expression function of the Fugu <em>tnni1a</em> promoter. Interestingly, both the Fugu <em>tnni1a</em> promoter and ECR2 sequence were functionally conserved in zebrafish, although they shared no sequence similarity. Together, the findings of our study provided further evidence for the important role of <em>tnni1a</em> homologous in cardiac development and demonstrated that two functionally conserved sequences in the zebrafish and Fugu genomes may be ECRs, despite their lack of similarity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36123,"journal":{"name":"Cells and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667290122000377/pdfft?md5=9a4821570c917d3d2ee0a8b5d198e5a1&pid=1-s2.0-S2667290122000377-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10563700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of DRG neurons response to semaphorin 3A via substrate stiffness","authors":"Ana Monserrat Vela-Alcantara ,&nbsp;Ariadna Rios-Ramirez ,&nbsp;Juan Santiago-Garcia ,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Rodriguez-Alba ,&nbsp;Elisa Tamariz Domínguez","doi":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Semaphorin 3A (Sema3a) is a chemotropic protein that acts as a neuronal guidance cue and plays a major role in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons projection during embryo development. The present study evaluated the impact of stiffness in the repulsive response of DRG neurons to Sema3a when cultured over substrates of variable stiffness. Stiffness modified DRG neurons morphology and regulated their response to Sema3a, reducing the collapse of growth cones when they were cultured on softer substrates. Sema3a receptors expression was also regulated by stiffness, neuropilin-1 was overexpressed and plexin A4 mRNA was downregulated in stiffer substrates. Cytoskeleton distribution was also modified by stiffness. In softer substrates, βIII-tubulin and actin co-localized up to the leading edge of the growth cones, and as the substrate became stiffer, βIII-tubulin was confined to the transition and peripheral domains of the growth cone. Moreover, a decrease in the α-actinin adaptor protein was also observed in softer substrates. Our results show that substrate stiffness plays an important role in regulating the collapse response to Sema3a and that the modulation of cytoskeleton distribution and Sema3a receptors expression are related to the differential collapse responses of the growth cones.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36123,"journal":{"name":"Cells and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667290122000365/pdfft?md5=d8cb1d687e0c1180020a5fefbb46ccc8&pid=1-s2.0-S2667290122000365-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10570904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An additive repression mechanism sets the anterior limits of anterior pair-rule stripes 1","authors":"Ludmilla Jurevitz Baltruk ,&nbsp;Guilherme Miura Lavezzo ,&nbsp;Ariane Machado-Lima ,&nbsp;Luciano Antonio Digiampietri ,&nbsp;Luiz Paulo Andrioli","doi":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Segments are repeated anatomical units forming the body of insects. In <em>Drosophila</em>, the specification of the body takes place during the blastoderm through the segmentation cascade. Pair-rule genes such as <em>hairy</em> (<em>h</em>), <em>even-skipped</em> (<em>eve</em>), <em>runt</em> (<em>run</em>), and <em>fushi-tarazu</em> (<em>ftz</em>) are of the intermediate level of the cascade and each pair-rule gene is expressed in seven transversal stripes along the antero-posterior axis of the embryo. Stripes are formed by independent cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) under the regulation of transcription factors of maternal source and of gap proteins of the first level of the cascade. The initial blastoderm of <em>Drosophila</em> is a syncytium and it also coincides with the mid-blastula transition when thousands of zygotic genes are transcribed and their products are able to diffuse in the cytoplasm. Thus, we anticipated a complex regulation of the CRMs of the pair-rule stripes. The CRMs of <em>h</em> 1, <em>eve</em> 1, <em>run</em> 1, <em>ftz</em> 1 are able to be activated by <em>bicoid</em> (<em>bcd</em>) throughout the anterior blastoderm and several lines of evidence indicate that they are repressed by the anterior gap genes <em>slp1</em> (<em>sloppy-paired 1</em>), <em>tll</em> (<em>tailless</em>) and <em>hkb</em> (<em>huckebein</em>). The modest activity of these repressors led to the premise of a combinatorial mechanism regulating the expression of the CRMs of <em>h</em> 1, <em>eve</em> 1, <em>run</em> 1, <em>ftz</em> 1 in more anterior regions of the embryo. We tested this possibility by progressively removing the repression activities of <em>slp1</em>, <em>tll</em> and <em>hkb</em>. In doing so, we were able to expose a mechanism of additive repression limiting the anterior borders of stripes 1. Stripes 1 respond depending on their distance from the anterior end and repressors operating at different levels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36123,"journal":{"name":"Cells and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667290122000389/pdfft?md5=dab38329238184d5ea8600f5a7628c4c&pid=1-s2.0-S2667290122000389-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9120727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Delayed fusion and altered gene expression contribute to semicircular canal defects in Chd7 deficient mice” [Mech. Dev. 129 (9–12) (2012) 308–23 (PMID 22705977)]","authors":"Elizabeth A. Hurd ,&nbsp;Joseph A. Micucci ,&nbsp;Elyse N. Reamer ,&nbsp;Donna M. Martin","doi":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203779","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36123,"journal":{"name":"Cells and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667290122000158/pdfft?md5=19a6f2e38f2468fe3eaec6b875291127&pid=1-s2.0-S2667290122000158-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89420408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in body shape implicate cuticle stretch in C. elegans growth control","authors":"Joy Nyaanga ,&nbsp;Christina Goss ,&nbsp;Gaotian Zhang ,&nbsp;Hannah N. Ahmed ,&nbsp;Elliot J. Andersen ,&nbsp;Isabella R. Miller ,&nbsp;Justine K. Rozenich ,&nbsp;Iris L. Swarthout ,&nbsp;Jordan A. Vaughn ,&nbsp;Niall M. Mangan ,&nbsp;Sasha Shirman ,&nbsp;Erik C. Andersen","doi":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203780","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Growth control establishes organism size, requiring mechanisms to sense and adjust growth during development. Studies of single cells revealed that size homeostasis uses distinct control methods. In multicellular organisms, mechanisms that regulate single cell growth must integrate control across organs and tissues during development to generate adult size and shape. We leveraged the roundworm <em>Caenorhabditis elegans</em> as a scalable and tractable model to collect precise growth measurements of thousands of individuals, measure feeding behavior, and quantify changes in animal size and shape during a densely sampled developmental time course. As animals transitioned from one developmental stage to the next, we observed changes in body aspect ratio while body volume remained constant. Then, we modeled a physical mechanism by which constraints on cuticle stretch could cause changes in <em>C. elegans</em> body shape. The model-predicted shape changes are consistent with those observed in the data. Theoretically, cuticle stretch could be sensed by the animal to initiate larval-stage transitions, providing a means for physical constraints to influence developmental timing and growth rate in <em>C. elegans</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36123,"journal":{"name":"Cells and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266729012200016X/pdfft?md5=cea8c83ef61a18b7619fff6675b01cd0&pid=1-s2.0-S266729012200016X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137276657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging roles of endoplasmic reticulum proteostasis in brain development","authors":"Giselle Espinosa Vásquez ,&nbsp;Danilo B. Medinas ,&nbsp;Hery Urra ,&nbsp;Claudio Hetz","doi":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203781","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of the central nervous system requires a series of morphogenetic events that shape brain and spinal cord structures. Several brain regions and neural circuits are formed by differential gene expression patterns and cell migration events involving neurons. During neurogenesis and neuritogenesis, increased demand for protein synthesis occurs to express key neuronal proteins to generate axons, dendrites, and synapsis. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a central hub controlling protein homeostasis (proteostasis), impacting a wide range of cellular processes required for brain function. Although most of the field has focused on studying the role of ER stress in neurodegenerative diseases marked by abnormal protein aggregation, accumulating evidence indicates that ER proteostasis contributes to brain development and may impact neurodevelopmental processes such as neuronal migration, differentiation, and function. Here, we review emerging evidence linking neurodevelopment with ER proteostasis and its relevance to human disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36123,"journal":{"name":"Cells and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667290122000171/pdfft?md5=bf84b0671d1e4ffd7f3288bb10ad011e&pid=1-s2.0-S2667290122000171-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73048213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forces in stem cells and cancer stem cells","authors":"Farhan Chowdhury ,&nbsp;Bo Huang ,&nbsp;Ning Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203776","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203776","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Endogenous and exogenous forces are critical in physiology and pathology of the human body. Increasing evidence suggests that these forces, mechanics, and force-associated signaling are essential in regulating functions of living cells. Here we review advances in understanding the impact of forces and mechanics on functions and fate of embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, and cancer stem cells and the pathways of mechanotransduction in cells. Stem-cells based models are useful in understanding how forces influence physiology, pathology, and embryonic development, which is incompletely understood, especially for mammals. We highlight increasing efforts and emerging favorable clinical outcomes in mechanomedicine, application of mechanobiology to medicine. Major progresses in mechanobiology, the pillar of mechanomedicine and mechanohealth (application of mechanobiology to health), are pivotal in understanding the life of force and making substantial advances in medicine and health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36123,"journal":{"name":"Cells and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9203923/pdf/nihms-1797316.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9556379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical strain breaks planar symmetry in embryonic epithelia via polarized microtubules","authors":"Yuan-Hung Chien ,&nbsp;Seongjae Kim,&nbsp;Chris Kintner","doi":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203791","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203791","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mechanical strain can act as a global cue to orient the core planar cell polarity pathway (Fz-PCP) in developing epithelia, but how strain directs a Fz-PCP vector is not known. Here we use live cell imaging of apical microtubules (MTs) and components of the Fz-PCP pathway to analyze epithelial cells in <em>Xenopus</em> embryos as they respond to anisotropic mechanical strain and form a Fz-PCP axis. We find that a Fz-PCP axis can be detected approximately 40 min after the application of strain. By contrast, the density and length of apical MTs increases rapidly (5–10 min) in response to strain, independently of Fz-PCP. These early-forming apical MTs are planar polarized: they align to the strain axis and display a marked bias in plus-end orientation that invariably points towards the cell edge opposite the direction of strain application. We show that these MTs can promote the vectorial transport of Dvl3-GFP containing vesicles along the apical surface in a directed manner, perhaps explaining why PCP signaling fails when MTs are disrupted. Finally, we provide evidence that the Fz-PCP axis feeds back after an hour to stabilize oriented apical MTs. These results provide insights into how mechanical strain acts as a developmental cue within the appropriate time frame and with the appropriate vector to promote planar axis formation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36123,"journal":{"name":"Cells and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667290122000274/pdfft?md5=047df59d757e29169f01635bea27b360&pid=1-s2.0-S2667290122000274-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80419073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune-mediated alopecias and their mechanobiological aspects","authors":"Valencia E. Watson ,&nbsp;Makala L. Faniel ,&nbsp;Nourine A. Kamili ,&nbsp;Loren D. Krueger ,&nbsp;Cheng Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203793","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cdev.2022.203793","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Alopecia is a non-specific term for hair loss clinically diagnosed by the hair loss pattern and histological analysis of patient scalp biopsies. The immune-mediated alopecia subtypes, including alopecia areata, lichen planopilaris, frontal fibrosing alopecia, and central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia, are common, significant forms of alopecia subtypes. For example, alopecia areata is the most common autoimmune disease with a lifetime incidence of approximately 2% of the world's population. In this perspective, we discuss major results from studies of immune-mediated alopecia subtypes. These studies suggest the key event in disease onset as the collapse in immune privilege, which alters the hair follicle microenvironment, e.g., upregulation of major histocompatibility complex molecules and increase of cytokine production, and results in immune cell infiltration, inflammatory responses, and damage of hair follicles. We note that previous studies have established that the hair follicle has a complex mechanical microenvironment, which may regulate the function of not only tissue cells but also immune cell infiltrates. This suggests a potential for mechanobiology to contribute to alopecia research by adding new methods, new approaches, and new ways of thinking, which is missing in the existing literature. To fill this a gap in the alopecia research space, we develop a mechanobiological hypothesis that alterations in the hair follicle microenvironment, specifically in the mechanically responsive tissues and cells, partially due to loss of immune privilege, may be contributors to disease pathology. We further focus our discussion on the potential for applying mechanoimmunology to the study of T cell infiltrates in the hair follicle, as they are considered primary contributors to alopecia pathology. To establish the connection between the mechanoimmunological hypothesis and immune-mediated alopecia subtypes, we discuss what is known about the role of T cells in immune-mediated alopecia subtypes, using the most extensively studied AA as our model.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":36123,"journal":{"name":"Cells and Development","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667290122000298/pdfft?md5=80bd0600b0706c4a1c827f4124beb606&pid=1-s2.0-S2667290122000298-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71434711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}