The Innovation最新文献

{"title":"Electrochemical CO₂ reduction to liquid fuels: Mechanistic pathways and surface/interface engineering of catalysts and electrolytes.","authors":"Xueying Li, Woojong Kang, Xinyi Fan, Xinyi Tan, Justus Masa, Alex W Robertson, Yousung Jung, Buxing Han, John Texter, Yuanfu Cheng, Bin Dai, Zhenyu Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.xinn.2025.100807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xinn.2025.100807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The high energy density of green synthetic liquid chemicals and fuels makes them ideal for sustainable energy storage and transportation applications. Electroreduction of carbon dioxide (CO₂) directly into such high value-added chemicals can help us achieve a renewable C cycle. Such electrochemical reduction typically suffers from low faradaic efficiencies (FEs) and generates a mixture of products due to the complexity of controlling the reaction selectivity. This perspective summarizes recent advances in the mechanistic understanding of CO₂ reduction reaction pathways toward liquid products and the state-of-the-art catalytic materials for conversion of CO₂ to liquid C₁ (e.g., formic acid, methanol) and C₂₊ products (e.g., acetic acid, ethanol, <i>n</i>-propanol). Many liquid fuels are being produced with FEs between 80% and 100%. We discuss the use of structure-binding energy relationships, computational screening, and machine learning to identify promising candidates for experimental validation. Finally, we classify strategies for controlling catalyst selectivity and summarize breakthroughs, prospects, and challenges in electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction to guide future developments.</p>","PeriodicalId":36121,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation","volume":"6 3","pages":"100807"},"PeriodicalIF":33.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging paradigms for target discovery of traditional medicines: A genome-wide pan-GPCR perspective.","authors":"Zenghao Bi, Huan Li, Yuting Liang, Dan Sun, Songxin Liu, Wei Chen, Liang Leng, Chi Song, Sanyin Zhang, Zhaotong Cong, Shilin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditional medicines serve not only as an integral part of medical treatments prescribed by healthcare providers but also as a fundamental reservoir for novel molecular scaffolds. However, gaps remain in our understanding of the mechanisms underlying their activity. A superfamily of membrane proteins, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), have been demonstrated to be potential targets for several compounds isolated from traditional medicines. Given that GPCRs serve as targets for approximately one-third of all marketed drugs, they may be compelling targets for repurposing traditional medicines. Despite this potential, research investigating their activity or potential ligands across GPCRome, the library of human GPCRs, is scarce. Drawing on the functional and structural knowledge presently available, this review contemplates prospective trends in GPCR drug discovery, proposes innovative strategies for investigating traditional medicines, and highlights ligand screening approaches for identifying novel drug-like molecules. To discover bioactive molecules from traditional medicines that either directly bind to GPCRs or indirectly modify their function, a genome-wide pan-GPCR drug discovery platform was designed for the identification of bioactive components and targets, and the evaluation of their pharmacological profiles. This platform aims to aid the exploration of all-sided relations between traditional medicines and GPCRome using advanced high-throughput screening techniques. We present various approaches used by many, including ourselves, to illuminate the previously unexplored aspects of traditional medicines and GPCRs.</p>","PeriodicalId":36121,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation","volume":"6 3","pages":"100774"},"PeriodicalIF":33.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogeny-metabolism dual-directed single-cell genomics for dissecting and mining ecosystem function by FISH-scRACS-seq.","authors":"Xiaoyan Jing, Yanhai Gong, Zhidian Diao, Yan Ma, Yu Meng, Jie Chen, Yishang Ren, Yuting Liang, Yinchao Li, Weihan Sun, Jia Zhang, Yuetong Ji, Zhiqi Cong, Shengying Li, Bo Ma, Zhisong Cui, Li Ma, Jian Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbiome-wide association studies (MWASs) have uncovered microbial markers linked to ecosystem traits, but the mechanisms underlying their functions can remain elusive. This is largely due to challenges in validating their <i>in situ</i> metabolic activities and tracing such activities to individual genomes. Here, we introduced a phylogeny-metabolism dual-directed single-cell genomics approach called fluorescence-<i>in situ</i>-hybridization-guided single-cell Raman-activated sorting and sequencing (FISH-scRACS-seq). It directly localizes individual cells from target taxon via an FISH probe for marker organism, profiles their <i>in situ</i> metabolic functions via single-cell Raman spectra, sorts cells of target taxonomy and target metabolism, and produces indexed, high-coverage, and precisely-one-cell genomes. From cyclohexane-contaminated seawater, cells representing the MWAS-derived marker taxon of γ-Proteobacteria and that are actively degrading cyclohexane <i>in situ</i> were directly identified via FISH and Raman, respectively, then sorted and sequenced for one-cell full genomes. In such a <i>Pseudoalteromonas fuliginea</i> cell, we discovered a three-component cytochrome P450 system that can convert cyclohexane to cyclohexanol <i>in vitro</i>, representing a previously unknown group of cyclohexane-degrading enzymes and organisms. Therefore, by unveiling enzymes, pathways, genomes, and their <i>in situ</i> cellular functions specifically for those organisms with ecological relevance at one-cell resolution, FISH-scRACS-seq is a rational and generally applicable approach to dissecting and mining microbiota functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":36121,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation","volume":"6 3","pages":"100759"},"PeriodicalIF":33.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11910816/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143651165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MetaCity: Data-driven sustainable development of complex cities.","authors":"Yunke Zhang, Yuming Lin, Guanjie Zheng, Yu Liu, Nicholas Sukiennik, Fengli Xu, Yongjun Xu, Feng Lu, Qi Wang, Yuan Lai, Li Tian, Nan Li, Dongping Fang, Fei Wang, Tao Zhou, Yong Li, Yu Zheng, Zhiqiang Wu, Huadong Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100775","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cities are complex systems that develop under complicated interactions among their human and environmental components. Urbanization generates substantial outcomes and opportunities while raising challenges including congestion, air pollution, inequality, etc., calling for efficient and reasonable solutions to sustainable developments. Fortunately, booming technologies generate large-scale data of complex cities, providing a chance to propose data-driven solutions for sustainable urban developments. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of data-driven urban sustainability practice. In this review article, we conceptualize MetaCity, a general framework for optimizing resource usage and allocation problems in complex cities with data-driven approaches. Under this framework, we decompose specific urban sustainable goals, e.g., efficiency and resilience, review practical urban problems under these goals, and explore the probability of using data-driven technologies as potential solutions to the challenge of complexity. On the basis of extensive urban data, we integrate urban problem discovery, operation of urban systems simulation, and complex decision-making problem solving into an entire cohesive framework to achieve sustainable development goals by optimizing resource allocation problems in complex cities.</p>","PeriodicalId":36121,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation","volume":"6 2","pages":"100775"},"PeriodicalIF":33.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new thiol-sulfur click chemistry for lithium-organosulfide batteries.","authors":"Rong Zou, Wenwu Liu, Fen Ran","doi":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100765","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Click chemistry is a rapid, reliable, and powerful function and a highly selective organic reaction that facilitates the efficient synthesis of various molecules by joining small units. This approach has found widespread applications in fields such as drug development, chemical synthesis, and molecular biology. In recent years, the reaction of alkali-catalyzed polymerization of thiol and sulfur has been employed to prepare various sulfur-containing polymers, which are applied as electrochemical active electrode materials in the pursuit of good performance. In this study, it is surprising to find that the reaction mechanism exhibits characteristics of both the alkali-catalyzed sulfhydryl Micheal addition reaction and thiol-epoxy click chemistry; for the first time, thiol-sulfur click chemistry is defined in detail, providing a comprehensive description of its underlying scientific principles. The introduction of this new reaction pathway holds significant potential for advancing research and the development of sulfur-containing polymers. Based on this novel click chemistry, a new sulfur-containing polymer, polydivinylthioether hexasulfide, has been designed and successfully applied as a cathode material in lithium-organosulfide batteries. This material demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance, achieving an initial capacity that reaches 790.5 mAh g^-1 (82.6% of theoretical capacity), and in a long-term cycle test, the capacity decay rate is only 0.063% after 1,000 cycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":36121,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation","volume":"6 2","pages":"100765"},"PeriodicalIF":33.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846034/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-assisted flexible electronics in humanoid robot heads for natural and authentic facial expressions.","authors":"Nian Dai, Kaijun Zhang, Fan Zhang, Junfeng Li, Junwen Zhong, YongAn Huang, Han Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100752","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The realization of natural and authentic facial expressions in humanoid robots poses a challenging and prominent research domain, encompassing interdisciplinary facets including mechanical design, sensing and actuation control, psychology, cognitive science, flexible electronics, artificial intelligence (AI), etc. We have traced the recent developments of humanoid robot heads for facial expressions, discussed major challenges in embodied AI and flexible electronics for facial expression recognition and generation, and highlighted future trends in this field. Developing humanoid robot heads with natural and authentic facial expressions demands collaboration in interdisciplinary fields such as multi-modal sensing, emotional computing, and human-robot interactions (HRIs) to advance the emotional anthropomorphism of humanoid robots, bridging the gap between humanoid robots and human beings and enabling seamless HRIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":36121,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation","volume":"6 2","pages":"100752"},"PeriodicalIF":33.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fast reconstruction and optical-sectioning three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy.","authors":"Ruijie Cao, Yaning Li, Wenyi Wang, Yunzhe Fu, Xiaoyu Bu, Dilizhatai Saimi, Jing Sun, Xichuan Ge, Shan Jiang, Yuru Pei, Baoxiang Gao, Zhixing Chen, Meiqi Li, Peng Xi","doi":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three-dimensional structured illumination microscopy (3DSIM) is a popular method for observing subcellular/cellular structures or animal/plant tissues with gentle phototoxicity and 3D super-resolution. However, its time-consuming reconstruction process poses challenges for high-throughput imaging and real-time observation. Moreover, traditional 3DSIM typically requires more than six <i>z</i> layers for successful reconstruction and is susceptible to defocused backgrounds. This poses a great gap between single-layer 2DSIM and 6-layer 3DSIM, and limits the observation of thicker samples. To address these limitations, we developed FO-3DSIM, a novel method that integrates spatial-domain reconstruction with optical-sectioning SIM. FO-3DSIM enhances reconstruction speed by up to 855.7 times with superior performance with limited <i>z</i> layers and under high defocused backgrounds. It retains the high-fidelity, low-photon reconstruction capabilities of our previously proposed Open-3DSIM. Utilizing fast reconstruction and optical sectioning, we achieved large field-of-view (FOV) 3D super-resolution imaging of mouse kidney actin, covering a region of 0.453 mm × 0.453 mm × 2.75 μm within 23 min of acquisition and 13 min of reconstruction. Near real-time performance was demonstrated in live actin imaging with FO-3DSIM. Our approach reduces photodamage through limited <i>z</i> layer reconstruction, allowing the observation of ER tubes with just three layers. We anticipate that FO-3DSIM will pave the way for near real-time, large FOV 6D imaging, encompassing <i>xyz</i> super-resolution, multi-color, long-term, and polarization imaging with less photodamage, removed defocused backgrounds, and reduced reconstruction time.</p>","PeriodicalId":36121,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation","volume":"6 2","pages":"100757"},"PeriodicalIF":33.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combating childhood overweight and obesity: The role of Olympic Movement and bodily movement.","authors":"Bjorn T Tam, Kewen Wan, Sylvia Santosa, Zongwei Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100771","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36121,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation","volume":"6 2","pages":"100771"},"PeriodicalIF":33.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Chimpanzee Brainnetome Atlas reveals distinct connectivity and gene expression profiles relative to humans.","authors":"Yufan Wang, Luqi Cheng, Deying Li, Yuheng Lu, Changshuo Wang, Yaping Wang, Chaohong Gao, Haiyan Wang, Camilla T Erichsen, Wim Vanduffel, William D Hopkins, Chet C Sherwood, Tianzi Jiang, Congying Chu, Lingzhong Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chimpanzees (<i>Pan troglodytes</i>) are one of humans' closest living relatives, making them the most directly relevant comparison point for understanding human brain evolution. Zeroing in on the differences in brain connectivity between humans and chimpanzees can provide key insights into the specific evolutionary changes that might have occurred along the human lineage. However, such comparisons are hindered by the absence of cross-species brain atlases established within the same framework. To address this gap, we developed the Chimpanzee Brainnetome Atlas (ChimpBNA) using a connectivity-based parcellation framework. Leveraging this new resource, we found substantial divergence in connectivity patterns between the two species across most association cortices, notably in the lateral temporal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. These differences deviate sharply from the pattern of cortical expansion observed when comparing humans to chimpanzees, highlighting more complex and nuanced connectivity changes in brain evolution than previously recognized. Additionally, we identified regions displaying connectional asymmetries that differed between species, likely resulting from evolutionary divergence. Genes highly expressed in regions of divergent connectivities were enriched in cell types crucial for cortical projection circuits and synapse formation, whose pronounced differences in expression patterns hint at genetic influences on neural circuit development, function, and evolution. Our study provides a fine-scale chimpanzee brain atlas and highlights the chimpanzee-human connectivity divergence in a rigorous and comparative manner. In addition, these results suggest potential gene expression correlates for species-specific differences by linking neuroimaging and genetic data, offering insights into the evolution of human-unique cognitive capabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":36121,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation","volume":"6 2","pages":"100755"},"PeriodicalIF":33.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boosting the oxygen reduction activity on metal surfaces by fine-tuning interfacial water with midinfrared stimulation.","authors":"Qilin Zhang, Yu Wu, Hao Sun, Zhongjie Zhu, Hongwei Zhao, Jinrong Yang, Jie Wang, Min Chen, Sanzhao Song, Shiyou Zheng, Dengsong Zhang, Hui Yang, Zhi Zhu, Chunlei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.xinn.2024.100754","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heterogeneous catalysis at the metal surface generally involves the transport of molecules through the interfacial water layer to access the surface, which is a rate-determining step at the nanoscale. In this study, taking the oxygen reduction reaction on a metal electrode in aqueous solution as an example, using accurate molecular dynamic simulations, we propose a novel long-range regulation strategy in which midinfrared stimulation (MIRS) with a frequency of approximately 1,000 cm^-1 is applied to nonthermally induce the structural transition of interfacial water from an ordered to disordered state, facilitating the access of oxygen molecules to metal surfaces at room temperature and increasing the oxygen reduction activity 50-fold. Impressively, the theoretical prediction is confirmed by the experimental observation of a significant discharge voltage increase in zinc-air batteries under MIRS. This MIRS approach can be seamlessly integrated into existing strategies, offering a new approach for accelerating heterogeneous reactions and gas sensing within the interfacial water system.</p>","PeriodicalId":36121,"journal":{"name":"The Innovation","volume":"6 1","pages":"100754"},"PeriodicalIF":33.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11764022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}