Physics Open最新文献_第8页

Improved semi-empirical formulae for Beta-decay 改进的β衰变半经验公式

Physics Open Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2023.100187

Reddi Rani L. , H.S. Anushree , H.C. Manjunatha , N. Sowmya , L. Seenappa , K.N. Sridhar , P.S. Damodhara Gupta

{"title":"Improved semi-empirical formulae for Beta-decay","authors":"Reddi Rani L. , H.S. Anushree , H.C. Manjunatha , N. Sowmya , L. Seenappa , K.N. Sridhar , P.S. Damodhara Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2023.100187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physo.2023.100187","url":null,"abstract":"<div>We attempted to improve semi-empirical equations for <math><msup><mrow><mi>β</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math>-decay in the atomic number range <math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>≤</mo><mi>Z</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>42</mn></mrow></math> and mass number range <math><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>≤</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>118</mn></mrow></math>. We suggested a semi-empirical formula in terms of an atomic number of daughter nuclei and decay energy in keV. We divided the nuclei into four categories: even(Z)-even(N), even(Z)-odd(N), odd(Z)-even(N), and odd(Z)-odd(N) to propose improved semi-empirical formulae. The existing equation values are compared to the experimental results. When compared to other semi-empirical equations accessible in the literature, the standard deviation produced from the current formula is lower. The improved semi-empirical formulas are of the first kind, requiring only an atomic number of daughter and decay energy during <math><msup><mrow><mi>β</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math>-decay. This study discovers a significance in predicting <math><msup><mrow><mi>β</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo></mrow></msup></math>-decay.</div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666032623000522/pdfft?md5=9a8702c0da47a6675d129fd9832b8b4f&pid=1-s2.0-S2666032623000522-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91963773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simulation of random medium of fuel pebble with liquid salt coolant using PebMC code 用PebMC程序模拟含液盐冷却剂燃料球的随机介质

Physics Open Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2023.100190

Indrajeet Singh , Amod Kishore Mallick , Anurag Gupta , Umasankari Kannan

{"title":"Simulation of random medium of fuel pebble with liquid salt coolant using PebMC code","authors":"Indrajeet Singh , Amod Kishore Mallick , Anurag Gupta , Umasankari Kannan","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2023.100190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physo.2023.100190","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Pebble-bed High Temperature reactors (HTR) are proposed to generate heat for power production and process heat application such as Hydrogen (H2) production. A HTR fuel pebble consists of random distribution of several thousands of fuel particles, called Tri-Structural Isotropic (TRISO), in fuel zone followed by a graphite layer. This configuration along with coolant layer results in double heterogeneity effect. A multi-group Monte Carlo code PebMC has been developed to accurately analyse molten salt cooled HTR lattice cell. Neutron transport in such a complex fuel distribution requires resonance self-shielded cross-section which is generated using rational approximation and Dancoff correction. Dancoff factor accounts for those neutrons leaving a fuel particle and directly colliding with another fuel particle, without any collision with moderator nuclei.In this study, an analytical expression based on a two-region model developed for gas cooled HTRs is adopted to calculate Dancoff factor for pebble with salt coolant. The implementation of these analytical expressions with 172groups WIMS library in PebMC code have been discussed. Subsequently, paper describes neutron tracking in random medium of HTR lattice using Monte Carlo method. The influence of fuel salt on Dancoff factor for various packing of TRISO particles and subsequent effect on infinite multiplication factor (K-inf) calculation have been presented. In addition, effect of temperature of molten salt on Dancoff factor have been studied.</div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666032623000558/pdfft?md5=b974233126cbf96bb029ccf1c76876bd&pid=1-s2.0-S2666032623000558-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92100893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

X-ray/gamma absorption and Anticancer Properties of Fe2O3 nanoparticles Fe2O3纳米颗粒的x射线/ γ吸收和抗癌性能

Physics Open Pub Date : 2023-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2023.100188

S. Deepthi , Y.S. Vidya , H.C. Manjunatha , R. Munirathnam , K.N. Sridhar , L. Seenappa , S. Manjunatha , T. Ganesh

{"title":"X-ray/gamma absorption and Anticancer Properties of Fe2O3 nanoparticles","authors":"S. Deepthi , Y.S. Vidya , H.C. Manjunatha , R. Munirathnam , K.N. Sridhar , L. Seenappa , S. Manjunatha , T. Ganesh","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2023.100188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physo.2023.100188","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The current study reports the synthesis of Fe<math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math>O<math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math> NPs by the co-precipitation method and the evaluation of the anticancer activity and X-ray/gamma absorption study. PXRD analysis confirmed the formation of monophase trigonal-shaped NPs, and the average crystal size is computed using both Scherrer equation and W-h plot and found to be 45 nm and 54 nm respectively. The direct energy gap is computed from the Wood-Taucs plot and found to be 1.76 eV. FTIR analysis confirmed the functional groups present in NPs. Surface morphology studies confirmed by SEM and EDAX analysis confirmed the chemical composition. Anti-cancer studies verified the efficacy of Fe<math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math>O<math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math> NPs in cell viability and cell death when compared with Cisplatin. Finally, a NaI(Tl) detector is used to evaluate Mass attenuation co-efficient of the X-ray and gamma radiation shielding characteristics. Shielding requirements are comparable to those for lead. Thus, the synthesized Fe<math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math>O<math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub></math> nanoparticles can be used for anticancer activities, particularly in tailored drug delivery systems, and radiation shielding instead of toxic lead shielding.</div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666032623000534/pdfft?md5=7a7ed66cc107b0d6220d688eaa4770e0&pid=1-s2.0-S2666032623000534-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92100892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A study on light charged particle accompanied ternary fission of 253Cf 轻带电粒子伴随253Cf三元裂变的研究

Physics Open Pub Date : 2023-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2023.100185

A.V. Mahesh Babu , N. Sowmya , H.C. Manjunatha , N. Dhananjaya

{"title":"A study on light charged particle accompanied ternary fission of 253Cf","authors":"A.V. Mahesh Babu , N. Sowmya , H.C. Manjunatha , N. Dhananjaya","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2023.100185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physo.2023.100185","url":null,"abstract":"<div>We investigated 253Cf ternary fission followed by a light-charged particle (LCP) accompanied ternary fission. The many LCPs, include <math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></math>He, <math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></msup></math>Li, <math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>9</mn></mrow></msup></math>Be 10B, 12C, 14N, 16O, 19F 20Ne, 23Na 24Mg, 26Al, 28Si, 30P 32S, 35Cl, 40Ar, 39K and 40Ca. Using Coulomb potential and proximity potential, the overall potential has been investigated. In estimating potential, deformations and angle of orientation were taken into account. Using cold valley plots, the driving potential at its lowest level is determined. Using WKB integral, the penetration probability is evaluated. When the fission fragment combinations include equal or close to the magic number of protons or neutrons, the minimal driving potential, maximum penetration probability, and maximum logT<math><msub><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math> are observed. Therefore, 138Ba+4He+111Ru are the most likely fission fragment combination when 253Cf undergoes LCP followed ternary fission. Therefore, <math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup></math>He particle-emission coupled with two likely fission fragments are the most likely fission fragments if the nuclei 253Cf undergo LCP-accompanied ternary fission. The significance of this finding may thus be seen in the ternary fission half-lives.</div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49753322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gamma-ray spectrometric analysis of bore-well rock samples from agricultural area of Tamil Nadu 泰米尔纳德邦农业区钻孔岩石样品的伽马射线光谱分析

Physics Open Pub Date : 2023-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2023.100186

G. Poongodi , A. Chandrasekaran , V. Sathish , S. Karthikayini , A. Tamilarasi , Mayeen Uddin Khandaker

{"title":"Gamma-ray spectrometric analysis of bore-well rock samples from agricultural area of Tamil Nadu","authors":"G. Poongodi , A. Chandrasekaran , V. Sathish , S. Karthikayini , A. Tamilarasi , Mayeen Uddin Khandaker","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2023.100186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physo.2023.100186","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Natural gamma radiation exposure to humans can possess significant health risks when exposed either externally or internally. Though risks are not established at low doses, the exposure levels are set based on conservative approach. In this work, 22 bore-well rock samples were collected from the agricultural area of Dharmapuri district, Tamil Nadu to evaluate the radiation exposure to humans living in that area using a gamma-ray spectrometer. The results shows that, the activity concentration of 238U ranges from MDA to 87±2 Bq kg−1 with an average value of 25 Bq kg−1, and for 232Th it ranges from MDA to 10±2 Bq kg−1, and for the 40K it ranges from 167±9 to 669±10 Bq kg−1 with the mean value of 310 Bq kg−1. The various radiological parameters are calculated and compared with the world-recommended limit to assess the radiation hazards. To identify the relation among the natural radioisotopes, Pearson correlation analysis was performed between the radiological variables. It reveales that radionuclides 238U and 232Th strongly correlated with each other and radiological parameters. This implies that 238U and 232Th originated from the same source and 40K was derived from different sources.</div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49753318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prepare-and-measure based QKD protocol under free-space losses 自由空间损失下基于准备和测量的QKD协议

Physics Open Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2023.100184

Mitali Sisodia, Joyee Ghosh

引用次数: 0

Study of ethylene propylene diene monomer-lead monoxide-magnetite composites in radioactive waste disposal 乙丙二烯单体-一氧化铅-磁铁矿复合材料在放射性废物处理中的研究

Physics Open Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2023.100182

Vinayak Anand Kamat , H.M. Somashekarappa

{"title":"Study of ethylene propylene diene monomer-lead monoxide-magnetite composites in radioactive waste disposal","authors":"Vinayak Anand Kamat , H.M. Somashekarappa","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2023.100182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physo.2023.100182","url":null,"abstract":"<div>In this study, ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM)-lead monoxide (PbO)-magnetite (Fe3O4) composite was prepared and changes in its properties with different gamma irradiation doses (50, 100, 200, 300, 500, and 1000 kGy) were investigated. Characterizations of irradiated EPDM-metal oxide composites were performed by X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and Universal Testing Machine (UTM). It was observed that the synthesized sample shows an amorphous nature beyond the 500 kGy irradiation dose. The FESEM morphographs of irradiated samples show an increase in fracture size with an increase in irradiation dose. The mechanical tests have shown that prepared samples retain their mechanical strength up to ∼100 kGy. In addition, the effect of thermal and electrical properties on irradiation dose has also been studied. The synthesized samples show good thermal stability up to ∼500 kGy. The AC conductivity of the synthesized EPDM-metal oxide composites has been observed to increase slightly with an increase in irradiation dose. It was observed that synthesized EPDM-metal oxide composites are relatively good radiation resistant candidates and can be used for radioactive waste disposal management applications.</div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49753317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of solar radiation on ionosphere over India 太阳辐射对印度上空电离层的影响

Physics Open Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2023.100183

P. Chaithra, B. Ramesh Krishna, Nagaraja Kamsali

引用次数: 0

Investigations on Coulomb fission time scales and cross sections in inverse kinematics 库仑裂变时标和逆运动学截面的研究

Physics Open Pub Date : 2023-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2023.100180

Vasudha G.S. , N. Sowmya , H.C. Manjunatha , D. Prakash Babu , Nagaiah N. , Mayeen Khandekar , Krishnakanth E. , R. Soundar

{"title":"Investigations on Coulomb fission time scales and cross sections in inverse kinematics","authors":"Vasudha G.S. , N. Sowmya , H.C. Manjunatha , D. Prakash Babu , Nagaiah N. , Mayeen Khandekar , Krishnakanth E. , R. Soundar","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2023.100180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physo.2023.100180","url":null,"abstract":"<div>In inverse kinematics, we explored Coulomb fission cross-sections and time scales. Heavier projectiles such as 238U, 132Xe, and 208Pb on lighter targets such as 16O 26Mg, 27Al, 32S, 35Cl, <math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>40</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>48</mn></mrow></msup></math>Ca, 45Sc, <math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>48</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>50</mn></mrow></msup></math>Ti, <math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>56</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>58</mn></mrow></msup></math>Fe, 64Ni, 89Y, 30Si and 65Zn were looked into. The photofission cross-sections and the number of equivalent photons impinge on the target nuclei are important parameters in cross-section assessment. The anticipated cross-sections increases with increase in atomic number of target nuclei. We also explored the time scale of projectile nuclei at various transition levels. The estimated time scales accord well with the available experimental value, which is in the order of picoseconds. In addition, we predicted time scales of 165Ho nuclei in the transition state from <math><mrow><mn>19</mn><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><mo>→</mo><mn>15</mn><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> to <math><mrow><mn>29</mn><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><mo>→</mo><mn>25</mn><mo>/</mo><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math> for which experimental time scales are not available in literature. As a result, Coulomb fission is one of the causes that has severely hampered in the formation of compound nuclei. Prediction of time scales, in particular, would aid in understanding the structure of various energy levels.</div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49752845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GHz operation of a quantum point contact using stub-impedance matching circuit 使用存根阻抗匹配电路的量子点接触的GHz操作

Physics Open Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.physo.2023.100181

Anusha Shanmugam , Prasanta Kumbhakar , Harikrishnan Sundaresan , Annu Anns Sunny , J.L. Reno , Madhu Thalakulam

{"title":"GHz operation of a quantum point contact using stub-impedance matching circuit","authors":"Anusha Shanmugam , Prasanta Kumbhakar , Harikrishnan Sundaresan , Annu Anns Sunny , J.L. Reno , Madhu Thalakulam","doi":"10.1016/j.physo.2023.100181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physo.2023.100181","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Quantum point contacts (QPC) are the building blocks of quantum dot qubits and semiconducting quantum electrical metrology circuits. QPCs also make highly sensitive electrical amplifiers with the potential to operate in the quantum-limited regime. Though the inherent operational bandwidth of QPCs can eclipse the THz regime, the impedance mismatch with the external circuitry limits the operational frequency to a few kHz. Lumped-element impedance-matching circuits are successful only up to a few hundreds of MHz in frequency. QPCs are characterised by a complex impedance consisting of quantized resistance, capacitance, and inductance elements. Characterising the complex admittance at higher frequencies and understanding the coupling of QPC to other circuit elements and electromagnetic environments will provide valuable insight into its sensing and backaction properties. In this work, we couple a QPC galvanically to a superconducting stub tuner impedance matching circuit realised in a coplanar waveguide architecture to enhance the operation frequency into the GHz regime and investigate the electrical amplification and complex admittance characteristics. The device, operating at ∼ <math><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>96</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>G</mi><mi>H</mi><mi>z</mi><mo>,</mo></math> exhibits a conductance sensitivity of <math><mrow><mn>2.92</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>e</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>/</mo><mi>h</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>/</mo><msqrt><mrow><mi>H</mi><mi>z</mi></mrow></msqrt></mrow></math> with a bandwidth of <math><mrow><mn>13</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>M</mi><mi>H</mi><mi>z</mi></mrow></math>. Besides, the RF reflected power unambiguously reveals the complex admittance characteristics of the QPC, shining more light on the behaviour of quantum tunnel junctions at higher operational frequencies.</div>","PeriodicalId":36067,"journal":{"name":"Physics Open","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46694445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0