H2Open Journal最新文献_第3页

Simulation of the rainfall–runoff relationship using an HEC-HMS hydrological model for Dabus Subbasin, Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia 使用HEC-HMS水文模型模拟埃塞俄比亚青尼罗河流域Dabus Subbasin的降雨-径流关系

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-06-15 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.055

Zemede Landu Yilma, Habtamu Hailu Kebede

{"title":"Simulation of the rainfall–runoff relationship using an HEC-HMS hydrological model for Dabus Subbasin, Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia","authors":"Zemede Landu Yilma, Habtamu Hailu Kebede","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.055","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Hydrological modeling is important to provide relevant hydrologic information from limited data. In this study, Hydrologic Modeling System (HEC-HMS) was used to simulate the rainfall–runoff relationship for the Dabus subbasin of the Blue Nile Basin. Daily precipitation and stream flow data from 2002 to 2019 were used as key input data for the model, together with soil and land use/land cover data, and a digital elevation model of the study area. Arc-GIS was employed in combination with Arc Hydro and HEC-GeoHMS tools for terrain processing and translating spatial information into model files for HEC-HMS, respectively. Model calibration was done with data from 2002 to 2014, while the validation was done from 2015 to 2019. Nash-Sutcliffe simulation efficiency (NSE), observation standardized ratio (RSR), and coefficient of correlation (R2) were used to assess the performance of the model. With NSE, RSR, and R2 values of 0.784, 0.334, and 0.816 for calibration, and 0.793, 0.323, and 0.875 for validation, the model simulation of stream flows was found in good agreement with the observed values. Therefore, the HEC-HMS model can be utilized to predict stream flows in ungauged catchments in the Dabus subbasin from measured rainfall data for proper water resource planning and management.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49418609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Infilling missing data and outliers for a conventional sewage treatment plant using a self-organizing map: a case study of Kauma Sewage Treatment Plant in Lilongwe, Malawi 使用自组织地图填充传统污水处理厂的缺失数据和异常值:马拉维利隆圭Kauma污水处理厂的案例研究

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-06-02 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.013

Madalitso Mng’ombe, B. Chunga, Eddie W. Mtonga, R. Chidya, M. Malota

{"title":"Infilling missing data and outliers for a conventional sewage treatment plant using a self-organizing map: a case study of Kauma Sewage Treatment Plant in Lilongwe, Malawi","authors":"Madalitso Mng’ombe, B. Chunga, Eddie W. Mtonga, R. Chidya, M. Malota","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Data availability is key for modeling of wastewater treatment processes. However, process data are characterized by missing values and outliers. This study applied a self-organizing map (SOM), to fill in missing values and replace outliers in wastewater treatment data from Kauma Sewage Treatment Plant in Lilongwe, Malawi. We used primary and secondary wastewater data and executed the SOM algorithm to fill missing values and replace outliers in effluent pH, biochemical oxygen demand, and dissolved oxygen. The results suggest that SOM algorithm is reliable in filling gaps in wastewater time series data with less than 50% missing values with correlation coefficient (R) values of >0.90. The SOM algorithm failed to reliably fill gaps and replace outliers in time series data with >50% missing values. For instance, high mean square error (MSE) values of 3,655.57, 10.62, and 2,153.34 for pH, DO, and BOD, respectively, were registered in datasets with more than 50% missing values, while very small MSE values (MSE ≈ 0) were associated with effluent pH, BOD, and DO data with missing values of >50%. Practitioners can use this approach to improve the planning and management of wastewater treatment facilities where available data records are riddled with missing observations.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44079550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trophic status estimation of case-2 water bodies of the Godavari River basin using satellite imagery and artificial neural network (ANN) 基于卫星影像和人工神经网络的哥达瓦里河流域case-2水体营养状况估算

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.034

Nagalapalli Satish, K. Rajitha, Jagadeesh Anmala, Murari R. R. Varma

{"title":"Trophic status estimation of case-2 water bodies of the Godavari River basin using satellite imagery and artificial neural network (ANN)","authors":"Nagalapalli Satish, K. Rajitha, Jagadeesh Anmala, Murari R. R. Varma","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.034","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The dynamics of trophic status estimation of case-2 water bodies on a synoptic mode for frequent intervals is essential for water quality management. The present study attempts to develop trophic status estimation approaches utilizing Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 images as inputs. The chlorophyll-a concentration, a proxy parameter for trophic status, was estimated using the empirical method, fluorescence line height (FLH) method, and artificial neural network (ANN) approaches using spectral reflectance values as inputs. The outcomes following the empirical approaches revealed the scope of kernel normalized difference vegetation index (kNDVI) (R2 = 0.85; RMSE = 2 μg/l) for estimating the chlorophyll-a concentration using Sentinel-2 images of the Godavari River basin. Though the performance of the FLH method (R2 = 0.91; RMSE = 1.6 μg/l) was superior to kNDVI-based estimation, it lacks the capability to estimate chlorophyll-a concentration above 20 μg/l. Due to the existence of eutrophic regions within the Godavari basin (28%), adopting better approaches like ANN for trophic status estimation is essential. To accomplish the same, the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm-based ANN was developed using non-redundant bands of Sentinel-2 as inputs, and Sentinel-3 derived chlorophyll-a values as output. The developed architecture was successful in estimating trophic status estimations at all levels.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42783669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Upgrade of waste stabilization ponds to improve effluents for reuse purposes 升级废物稳定池，以改善废水以供再利用

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.063

Jochen Sinn, S. Agrawal, L. Orschler, Selina Schubert, S. Lackner

{"title":"Upgrade of waste stabilization ponds to improve effluents for reuse purposes","authors":"Jochen Sinn, S. Agrawal, L. Orschler, Selina Schubert, S. Lackner","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.063","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Waste stabilization pond (WSP) systems exist in many countries affected by climate change causing increasing demand for irrigation water. There is little long-term experience with WSP in Africa, and thus, this study provides a comprehensive investigation of a WSP in Namibia. One of its treatment trains was upgraded with mechanical and anaerobic pre-treatment, and post-treatment and compared to a second train without upgrades. The pre-treatment showed positive results on COD, TSS and partially pathogen removal. E. coli were reduced to the new EU reuse standard of 1,000 MPN/100 mL for fodder irrigation, P. aeruginosa stagnated and Enterococci levels increased. The main pathogen reduction happened during pre-treatment and in the baffled facultative pond. In contrast, the post-treatment only reduced 5% of algae-based chlorophyll-a. Among the top 20 genera, Pseudomonas was most dominant. With different upgrades, hygiene requirements especially for restricted fodder irrigation can be reached. At the same time, high total tCOD and TN effluent values did not meet different reuse standards. But as the tCOD mainly consists of algae, adding biomass and TN fertilizer to the barren soil, it raised the question if all parameters set in the standards are applicable for WSP or should be adapted to their specific purpose.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48411014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving sewage sludge treatment and utilisation in China: a German perspective on barriers to and measures for the dissemination of innovative technologies 改善中国的污水污泥处理和利用:德国对创新技术传播障碍和措施的看法

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-05-26 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.022

Michael Rohrbach, M. Zimmermann

引用次数: 1

Effects of a conical enlarging shaft on hydraulic performances of siphon-shaft spillways 锥形扩径竖井对虹吸竖井溢洪道水力性能的影响

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-05-17 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.068

M. C. Aydin, A. E. Ulu

{"title":"Effects of a conical enlarging shaft on hydraulic performances of siphon-shaft spillways","authors":"M. C. Aydin, A. E. Ulu","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.068","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Siphon-shaft spillways can discharge large amounts of water down to the crest level in a narrow reservoir thanks to the siphonic pressures. However, cavitational pressures in the siphon-shaft limit the operating head of these spillways. An enlargement at the shaft mouth can reduce the vacuum pressures and velocities within the siphonic flows, thereby removing the risk of cavitation occurring. In this study, four different enlarging shaft profiles with various coning angles of 0°, 10°, 15°, and 20° were applied to a siphon-shaft spillway model to eliminate cavitation pressures in the shaft. These models are analyzed in three dimensions by computational fluid dynamics based on the RANS turbulence model coupled with the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method to simulate fluid motion. The numerical uncertainties of the simulation were calibrated with some experimental results and techniques in the literature. The results showed that the enlargement in the shaft mouth with a conical profile significantly decreased the vacuum pressures and velocities in the siphon-shaft. Thus, the use of conical profiles considerably reduced the cavitation numbers along the shaft surface and increased the discharge performance by about 11%.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46692265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrologic regionalization of non-stationary intensity–duration–frequency relationships for Indian mainland 印度大陆非平稳强度-持续时间-频率关系的水文区划

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-05-02 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.023

Meera G. Mohan, Akhilesh Ar, A. S., Badarinadh S, Ajeesh Krishnan, Anand Rajan

{"title":"Hydrologic regionalization of non-stationary intensity–duration–frequency relationships for Indian mainland","authors":"Meera G. Mohan, Akhilesh Ar, A. S., Badarinadh S, Ajeesh Krishnan, Anand Rajan","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curve is one of the important hydrologic tools used for the design of hydraulic infrastructure. The static return period assumption of precipitation extremes is invalid in a changing climate environment, and the underestimation of rainfall intensity may lead to the failure of infrastructure in extreme events. This study first developed the non-stationary (NS) IDF curves for six selected locations in India based on sub-daily station data based on time-dependent estimates of five combinations of Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution parameters. Then, in order to identify the critical regions of rainfall non-stationarity, the IDF curves were developed for 357 grid points over India using the daily gridded data for the period 1951–2016 at 1° × 1° resolution. The comparison of spatial patterns of rainfall intensity estimates under stationary and non-stationary showed that about 23% of grids showed an overestimation of NS rainfall over their stationary counterparts by at least 15%. About 32 grid locations which showed at least 15% overestimation of rainfall under an NS case displayed a significantly increasing rainfall trend. The majority of the grids with larger deviation of non-stationary rainfall estimates over stationary values are located in India's eastern regions and coastal belts.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48413354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Physico-chemical and microbiological assessment of domestic water supply in Bontoc, Mountain Province, Philippines 菲律宾山区省邦托克生活用水的理化和微生物评价

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-04-29 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.019

Epiphania B. Magwilang, Annie Lourie Y. Paredes, Francisco C. Armas, Helen Grace P. Bugnay, Rose D. Dagupen

{"title":"Physico-chemical and microbiological assessment of domestic water supply in Bontoc, Mountain Province, Philippines","authors":"Epiphania B. Magwilang, Annie Lourie Y. Paredes, Francisco C. Armas, Helen Grace P. Bugnay, Rose D. Dagupen","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study determined the water quality of the three major domestic water sources of Bontoc, Mountain Province, and recommend interventions to maintain water parameters within values set by the Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water (PNSDW). Results revealed that all the average values of the physico-chemical parameters measured during wet and dry seasons for the water samples from the different water sources and sampling points are within the allowable range except for turbidity and color during and just after typhoons and prolonged strong rainfalls. As to microbiological parameters, samples from the sources, storage tank, and distribution line have a very high total coliform count, and Escherichia coli content for both seasons. For heterotrophic plate count, only the water samples from Balabag Spring for both wet and dry seasons, from the storage tank during the wet season, and from Gakhan Spring during dry season have acceptable values. Findings indicate the high vulnerability of the water sources to microbial contamination. Thus, water in all sources is not potable and is therefore not recommended for drinking purposes in its present condition. To address the problems in water supply quality, a filtration system may be included in the water system design, in the intake tanks, or included in a new reservoir.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46029776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modification of the radiation-based Abtew reference evapotranspiration model under humid climate, Northeast India 印度东北部潮湿气候下基于辐射的Abtew参考蒸散模型的修正

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-04-28 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.069

P. K. Pandey, V. Pandey

{"title":"Modification of the radiation-based Abtew reference evapotranspiration model under humid climate, Northeast India","authors":"P. K. Pandey, V. Pandey","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.069","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this work, seven models of temperature-based solar radiation were used to enhance the Abtew model for ET0 calculation in Northeast India. The only input data needed for the temperature-based models are air temperature, which can be easily measured in most locations worldwide. Under the climatic conditions of Dibrugarh, Northeast India, the applicability of the improved Abtew models (A1–A7), the Stephen-Stewart model (SS), the Irmak model (Ir), and the Modified Turc model (MT) was assessed. Utilizing statistical indices such as mean absolute error (MAE), root-mean-square error (RMSE), standard error (SE), coefficient of correlation (r), coefficient of determination (R2), and index of agreement (D), the performances of all the modified equations (A1–A7) and other chosen ET0 models have been compared. The findings demonstrated that for ET0 estimate at Dibrugarh, the seven upgraded Abtew models (RMSE = 0.44–0.50 mm/day; D = 0.81–0.88) outperformed the four physical models (RMSE = 0.50–2.77 mm/day; D = 0.49–0.82). In the end, the A6 model won the top spot based on many statistical factors. Utilizing the temperature-based solar radiation model significantly increased the Abtew model estimation accuracy. It is strongly advised to estimate ET0 using the A6 model, which needs temperature as input data.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46703052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrogeochemical characteristics of Kodku River of Lalitpur District, Nepal 尼泊尔Lalitpur区Kodku河水文地球化学特征

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-04-12 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.008

M. Ghimire, Tejendra Regmi

{"title":"Hydrogeochemical characteristics of Kodku River of Lalitpur District, Nepal","authors":"M. Ghimire, Tejendra Regmi","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.008","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The Kodku River water samples of Lalitpur, Nepal were analyzed to determine physicochemical parameters including major anions and cations. This study also characterizes and evaluates the suitability for drinking and irrigation. The results showed that river water is slightly alkaline toward the downstream. The concentration of BOD, COD, and total coliform was much higher than its prescribed limits for drinking purposes in downstream, whereas a few samples in upstream are fit for drinking with reference to WQI value. The estimated sodium percentage (Na%), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), permeability index (PI), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR), and Kelly's ratio (KR) depicts the excellent and safe categories for irrigation purposes. The obtained Wilcox diagram also revealed that river water falls under the C1S1 category which is safe for crops. Hydrogeochemical facies in Piper diagrams signifies the dominance of Ca–HCO3 type. Similarly, Gibbs maps indicate mineral (rock) weathering, whereas mixing diagram reveals carbonate weathering as the main controlling factor of major ion species. This study provides information on the hydrogeochemical properties of the river and its suitability for drinking and irrigation. Despite the comprehensiveness, the study can be an effective approach for countries with similar levels of water resources management.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42207564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0