H2Open Journal最新文献_第2页

A scenario-based analysis of selected best management practices for reduced sediment and nutrient yield in the watershed located in the Shivalik hills, India 对印度Shivalik山流域沉积物和养分产量减少的选定最佳管理做法进行基于场景的分析

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-08-04 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.033

Sushma Walia, Richa Babbar, Sarbjit Singh

{"title":"A scenario-based analysis of selected best management practices for reduced sediment and nutrient yield in the watershed located in the Shivalik hills, India","authors":"Sushma Walia, Richa Babbar, Sarbjit Singh","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.033","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 In this study, an attempt has been made to evaluate the best management practices (BMPs) in poorly degraded and economically fragile watershed area in Shivalik hills, Northern India. A scenario-based approach has been followed to evaluate the existing BMPs and a few hypothetically implemented BMPs based on SWAT modeling. A regionalization approach was adopted for calibrating the SWAT model for ungauged micro-watersheds within the study area. After successful calibration, soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model was simulated for several BMPs that are in practice such as Check dams, vegetation and fencing so as to learn about their effectiveness in controlling sediment and nutrient yield. Other hypothetically installed BMPs, such as contouring, terracing, grassed waterways and filter strips were also evaluated in untreated micro and sub-watersheds. The cost–benefit analysis of these hypothetical BMPs revealed that the average reduction in nutrients was maximum for grassed waterways and minimum for terracing. Overall, the scenario-based analysis revealed that conservation practices, in the otherwise degraded watershed, can prove to be beneficial for sustainability of its natural resources.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47065782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predictive uncertainty assessment in flood forecasting using quantile regression 分位数回归在洪水预报中的预测不确定性评估

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-31 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.040

Amina M. K., C. N. R.

{"title":"Predictive uncertainty assessment in flood forecasting using quantile regression","authors":"Amina M. K., C. N. R.","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.040","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Floods and their associated impacts are topics of concern in land development planning and management, which call for efficient flood forecasting and warning systems. The performance of flood warning systems is affected by uncertainty in water level forecasts, which is due to their inability to measure or calculate a modeled value accurately. Predictive uncertainty is an emerging type of uncertainty modeling technique that emphasizes total uncertainty quantified as a probability distribution conditioned on all available knowledge. Predictive uncertainty analysis was done using quantile regression (QR) for machine learning-based flood models – Hybrid Wavelet Artificial Neural Network model (WANN) and Hybrid Wavelet Support Vector Machine model (WSVM) for different lead times. Comparing QR models of WANN and WSVM revealed that the slope, intercept, spread of forecast, and width of confidence band of the WANN model are more for each quantile indicating more uncertainty as compared to the WSVM model. In both models, with an increase in lead time, uncertainty has shown an increasing trend as well. The performance evaluation of inference obtained from QR models was evaluated using uncertainty statistics such as prediction interval coverage probability, average relative interval length (ARIL), and mean prediction interval (MPI).","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48420759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Water budget study for groundwater recharge in Indus River Basin, Punjab (Pakistan) 旁遮普邦印度河流域地下水补给的水量收支研究

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-29 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.027

Ghulam Zakir-Hassan, S. Akhtar, G. Shabir, F. Hassan, Hadeed Ashraf, Muhammad Sultan

{"title":"Water budget study for groundwater recharge in Indus River Basin, Punjab (Pakistan)","authors":"Ghulam Zakir-Hassan, S. Akhtar, G. Shabir, F. Hassan, Hadeed Ashraf, Muhammad Sultan","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.027","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Assessing groundwater recharge is crucial for managing and governing water resources in any region. Indus River Basin (IRB) is an area that relies heavily on canal and groundwater irrigation. The replenishment of groundwater is largely dependent on surface water supplies. The purpose of this research is to determine the amount of groundwater recharge from various sources in Rachna Doab. The study employed the water budget method to calculate seasonal groundwater recharge during the Rabi (October–March) and Kharif (April–September) (Summer) periods from 2005 to 2011. The main components of the recharge were rainfall, water conveyed through channels, and irrigation water applied to cultivated fields. Conversely, the extraction of water from private and public tube wells was the discharge component of the study. Groundwater levels increased during the Kharif season but decreased during the Rabi season. Average recharge contribution from rainfall was 45 and 14% during the Kharif and Rabi seasons, respectively. The total annual recharge from watercourses and irrigation fields was estimated to be approximately 33% of the total recharge. Rainfall was the most significant source of long-term seasonal recharge, followed by watercourses and irrigation fields. In general, the average depletion of the reservoir was 94 million cubic meters per season.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45342739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of machine learning approaches in the computation of energy dissipation over rectangular stepped spillway 机器学习方法在矩形阶梯式溢洪道消能计算中的应用

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.007

Saurabh Pujari, Vijay Kaushik, Noopur Awasthi, S. Gupta, S. Sushanth Kumar

{"title":"Application of machine learning approaches in the computation of energy dissipation over rectangular stepped spillway","authors":"Saurabh Pujari, Vijay Kaushik, Noopur Awasthi, S. Gupta, S. Sushanth Kumar","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.007","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The stepped spillway of a dam is a crucial element that serves multiple purposes in the field of river engineering. Research related to flood control necessitates an investigation into the dissipation of energy over stepped spillways. Previous research has been conducted on stepped spillways in the absence of baffles, utilizing diverse methodologies. This study employs machine learning techniques, specifically support vector machine (SVM) and regression tree (RT), to assess the energy dissipation of rectangular stepped spillways incorporating baffles arranged in different configurations and operating at varying channel slopes. Empirical evidence suggests that energy dissipation is more pronounced in channels with flat slopes and increases proportionally with the quantity of baffles present. Statistical measures are employed to validate the constructed models in the experimental investigation, with the aim of evaluating the efficacy and performance of the proposed model. The findings indicate that the SVM model proposed in this study accurately forecasted the energy dissipation, in contrast to both RT and the conventional method. This study confirms the applicability of machine learning techniques in the relevant field. Notably, it provides a unique contribution by predicting energy dissipation in stepped spillways with baffle configurations.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49071584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study of holy water consumed to treat gastrointestinal ailments in gold deposit areas of May-Hibey, Northwestern Tigray, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚提格雷西北部梅-希贝金矿区用于治疗胃肠道疾病的圣水研究

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-07 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.165

Goitom Gebreyohannes Berhe, D. Sbhatu, A. Gebremariam

{"title":"Study of holy water consumed to treat gastrointestinal ailments in gold deposit areas of May-Hibey, Northwestern Tigray, Ethiopia","authors":"Goitom Gebreyohannes Berhe, D. Sbhatu, A. Gebremariam","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.165","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In Ethiopia, holy water is used to treat various ailments. This study examined the safety of holy water in May-Hibey, NW Tigray, Ethiopia consumed to treat gastrointestinal ailments. Sensory observation, compositional and elemental analyses of rock samples, and analyses of physicochemical properties and inorganic constituents of holy water samples were conducted. Sensory observation revealed that the water had a musty taste and rotten egg-like odor. Its consumption as drinking rituals caused instant vomiting and loose bowel. Geological studies of rock samples via X-ray diffraction revealed Si (62.456%), Fe (15.441%), and S (7.912%) as major elements. Physicochemical analyses of the holy water samples showed that temperature, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, pH, total alkalinity, total hardness, and concentrations of calcium, magnesium, iron, and sulfate were above the permissible limits of the World Health Organization and the Ethiopian Standards Agency. These imply that holy water is unsafe and may cause health complications. Patients believe instant vomiting and diarrhea after drinking rituals are parts of the treatment process. But such effects might be due to the high sulfate content and other chemical properties of the holy water. Studies for establishing the physiological effects of holy water on patients with gastrointestinal ailments are required.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46707458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of GLDAS soil moisture product over Kermanshah province, Iran 伊朗克尔曼沙赫省GLDAS土壤水分产品评价

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-07 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.057

A. Amini, M. K. Moghadam, A. A. Kolahchi, Mehrdad Raheli-Namin, K. O. Ahmed

引用次数: 0

Impact of surficial factors on groundwater quality for irrigation using spatial techniques: emerging evidence from the northeast region of Ghana 地表因素对利用空间技术灌溉地下水质量的影响：来自加纳东北部地区的新证据

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-07 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.156

Prosper Kpiebaya, Abdul-Ganiyu Shaibu, Ebenezer Ebo Yahans Amuah, R. Kazapoe, E. Salifu, B. W. Dekongmen

{"title":"Impact of surficial factors on groundwater quality for irrigation using spatial techniques: emerging evidence from the northeast region of Ghana","authors":"Prosper Kpiebaya, Abdul-Ganiyu Shaibu, Ebenezer Ebo Yahans Amuah, R. Kazapoe, E. Salifu, B. W. Dekongmen","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.156","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The need for quality water in Africa for agriculture cannot be underemphasized amidst the current global water crises. The focus of this study sought to evaluate the quality of groundwater for irrigation purposes while unearthing the emerging challenges in the study area. In total, 202 groundwater samples were collected, and several parameters were tested. The study employed QGIS and multi-criteria decision analysis to examine zones of suitable groundwater quality for agriculture. Findings from the study indicate that the primary water types were Na–HCO3 and Ca–HCO3. The overall accuracy (OV) of the land use land cover (LULC) map using the Random Forest (RF) algorithm was 94.5%. The analysis revealed that SpH influences GpH at p = 0.02891 (p < 0.05) and SOM and SOC influence GNO3 at p = 0.044 (p < 0.05). The overlay analysis spatially classified the groundwater in the study area into three categories of suitability with ariel coverage showing areas of good quality (1,534.34 km2), moderate quality (1,933.35 km2), and poor quality (1,815.21 km2). The results from this study uncovered that 72.33% of the samples were within the desirable limits and can be concluded that the quality of groundwater in the area is acceptable for irrigation.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45453273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flood hazards under changing climate: applying an analytical hierarchy process in the Mazam-Watrak River Basin, India 气候变化下的洪水灾害:在印度Mazam-Watrak河流域应用层次分析法

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.042

Payal Makhasana, Geeta S. Joshi

引用次数: 0

A wholelife cost and carbon perspective of alternatives to septic tanks utilising nature-based solutions 利用基于自然的解决方案替代化粪池的整个生命周期成本和碳观点

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-06-24 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.002

Gareth Brown, Jitka MacAdam, G. Dotro, B. Jefferson

{"title":"A wholelife cost and carbon perspective of alternatives to septic tanks utilising nature-based solutions","authors":"Gareth Brown, Jitka MacAdam, G. Dotro, B. Jefferson","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Septic tank systems (STSs) are a widely utilised treatment flowsheet for decentralised wastewater treatment in the UK. With a growing consensus that STSs have a sizeable detrimental impact on the environment, there is a need for rural flowsheets with improved treatment capabilities. This study examines the lifetime cost and carbon emissions of using an enhanced septic tank nature-based solution (EST-NBS) to improve STS compared to a package treatment system (submerged aerated filter (SAF)). The wholelife cost (WLC) of the flowsheets and Scope 2 cradle-to-grave lifetime carbon emissions (LCEs) of the flowsheets were assessed. The EST-NBS flowsheets represent a lower cost improved treatment system than SAFs at population equivalents (PEs) from 5 to 1,000. An STS averages an LCE of over 4,000 kg CO2eq PE−1, with all other considered flowsheets having lower emissions. The EST-NBS flowsheets had lower carbon emissions than SAFs. Even at low populations upgrading from an STS to an EST-NBS is a competitive abatement strategy, with costs of £260 tCO2eq−1 emissions avoided, at 1,000 PE an NBS flowsheet has an abatement cost of –£17 tCO2eq−1. This shows the potential of using NBS flowsheets in rural wastewater treatment providing both a carbon and cost incentive against traditional designs.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48522153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Optimization of urban water pipe network design using fast-messy genetic algorithms (fmGA) 快速混沌遗传算法在城市供水管网优化设计中的应用

IF 2.1

H2Open Journal Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.2166/h2oj.2023.029

B. Alemaw, Tshepo E. Jankie

{"title":"Optimization of urban water pipe network design using fast-messy genetic algorithms (fmGA)","authors":"B. Alemaw, Tshepo E. Jankie","doi":"10.2166/h2oj.2023.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2166/h2oj.2023.029","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 To have an efficient water distribution network, optimal design alternatives need to be identified and analysed using combined hydraulic modelling and optimization. This paper reports on the application of the fast-messy genetic algorithm (fmGA) coupled with hydraulic modelling tool EPANET to assess and select an optimum design and operational alternative for a water distribution pipe network. The sole objective of the optimization modelling was to minimize network costs subject to hydraulic and design constraints. The fmGA was first tested using the benchmark case study of the Hanoi network and then applied to the real network of Maun, Botswana which is considered as the case study. We have compared our results of the fmGA model application with other optimization techniques applied to the Hanoi network. The findings of the test revealed that the fmGA is superior to other popular metaheuristic optimization methods in terms of processing speed with comparable accuracy and pressure constraints fulfilled for all nodes. It also provides the best and least solution. For the water distribution network of Maun, the best pipeline configuration and route were determined, in which Configuration B is found to be the best and least cost solution to improve the water supply situation in Maun.","PeriodicalId":36060,"journal":{"name":"H2Open Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49634876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0