{"title":"Detection of gene copy number change in array CGH data","authors":"Jingke Hu, Jianbo Gao, Yinhe Cao, Weijia Zhang","doi":"10.1109/LSSA.2006.250402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSA.2006.250402","url":null,"abstract":"Developing effective methods for analyzing array-CGH data to detect chromosomal aberrations is very important for the diagnosis of pathogenesis of cancer and other diseases. Current analysis methods, being largely based on smoothing and/or segmentation, are not quite capable of detecting both the aberration regions and the boundary break points very accurately. This is undesirable, since each point in the array represents a gene. Furthermore, when evaluating the accuracy of an algorithm for analyzing array-CGH data, it is commonly assumed that noise in the data follows normal distribution. A fundamental question is whether noise in array-CGH is indeed Gaussian, and if not, can one exploit the characteristics of noise to develop novel analysis methods that are capable of detecting accurately the aberration regions as well as the boundary break points simultaneously? By analyzing bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) arrays, oligo-nucleotide arrays, and high density NimbleGen data, we show that when there are aberrations, noise in all three types of arrays is highly non-Gaussian and possesses long-range spatial correlations, and that such noise leads to worse performance of existing methods for detecting aberrations in array-CGH than the Gaussian noise case. We further develop a novel method, which has optimally exploited the characteristics of the noise, and is capable of identifying both aberration regions as well as the boundary break points very accurately","PeriodicalId":360097,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/NLM Life Science Systems and Applications Workshop","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115630954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diffuse Optical Tomography for Mapping Human Brain Function","authors":"J. P. Culver, B. Schlaggar, H. Dehghani, B. Zeff","doi":"10.1109/LSSA.2006.250436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSA.2006.250436","url":null,"abstract":"We present diffuse optical tomography of brain activity in the human visual cortex. A new, high-density imaging instrument improves spatial sampling and allows better discrimination of the cortical hemodynamic response and background signal","PeriodicalId":360097,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/NLM Life Science Systems and Applications Workshop","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122284078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Sharp, J. Adams, R. Machiraju, R. Lee, R. Crane
{"title":"Simulating Transillumination in Organic Material with Near Infrared Light","authors":"R. Sharp, J. Adams, R. Machiraju, R. Lee, R. Crane","doi":"10.1109/LSSA.2006.250415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSA.2006.250415","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate problems involving light diffusion through arbitrary meshes with inhomogeneous scattering properties. We focus on three main areas: rapid source calculation, efficient solution and solution updates and robust quality adaptive meshing. Preliminary results show that we have a speedup of an order of magnitude compared to naive implementations with similar error rates. We expect this work to be valuable to researchers who are interested in efficient accurate solutions when simulating near infrared subsurface scattering in tissue to validate or understand the physics behind their experiments","PeriodicalId":360097,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/NLM Life Science Systems and Applications Workshop","volume":"10000 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114772157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Park, Xiaolong Luo, H. Yi, R. Ghodssi, G. Rubloff
{"title":"In situ Biomolecule Assembly and Activity within Completely Packaged Microfluidic Devices","authors":"J. Park, Xiaolong Luo, H. Yi, R. Ghodssi, G. Rubloff","doi":"10.1109/LSSA.2006.250370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSA.2006.250370","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate in situ biomolecule assembly in a completely packaged microfluidic bioMEMS (micro electro mechanical systems) device and the resulting biofunctionality of the system. Chitosan biopolymer is employed as the platform for biomolecules, using its pH responsive properties for site-selective electrodeposition and it amine functionality for biomolecular conjugation. These characteristics, combined with a robust device and packaging technology, provide the basis to emulate multi-step, multi-site bioreactions as needed for metabolic engineering. We demonstrate the directed assembly and functionality of biomolecules in bioMEMS through fluorescence of species and enzymatic conversion of small molecules","PeriodicalId":360097,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/NLM Life Science Systems and Applications Workshop","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132964065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Linear Analysis on Robustness in Biochemical Networks","authors":"Ruiqi Wang, Luonan Chen, K. Aihara","doi":"10.1109/LSSA.2006.250421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSA.2006.250421","url":null,"abstract":"A linear analysis approach is developed to study the relative importance of components in biochemical networks for robustness in this paper. Moreover, by such an approach, robustness properties can be enhanced by modifying network structure or interactions. Our analysis focuses on a molecular network that produces spontaneous oscillations in Dictyotelium discoideum cells","PeriodicalId":360097,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/NLM Life Science Systems and Applications Workshop","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131383752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Light Waveforms on a Circadian Oscillation of Clock Genes","authors":"K. Tsumoto, G. Kurosawa, K. Aihara","doi":"10.1109/LSSA.2006.250395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSA.2006.250395","url":null,"abstract":"For studying autonomous circadian rhythms of proteins in organisms, various mathematical models have been proposed. In this study, we have investigated bifurcations of periodic oscillations observed in circadian models incorporating the effect on a light-dark cycle and show that the waveform of the periodic variation in the light-induced parameter has a marked influence on the global bifurcation structure or the type of dynamic behavior resulting from the forcing term of the circadian oscillator by the LD cycles","PeriodicalId":360097,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/NLM Life Science Systems and Applications Workshop","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114619960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jie Zeng, Jie Chen, Xiaoping Wang, J. Hou, S. Wong
{"title":"Nanoscale Biomarkers for Cancer Genomics and Protemics","authors":"Jie Zeng, Jie Chen, Xiaoping Wang, J. Hou, S. Wong","doi":"10.1109/LSSA.2006.250422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSA.2006.250422","url":null,"abstract":"We are facing tremendous opportunities and challenges in combining emerging nanotechnology with genomic signal processing techniques in developing faster, smaller, yet more accurate and sensitive biomedical devices in cancer genomics and proteomics. The goal is to better understand the cancer mechanisms at the cellular and even subcellular levels. Nanotechnology has been applied to study the dynamic processes of individual cells, such as cell cycle and cell migration, which can provide rich spatial and temporal phenotype information. In this article, we present the concept of nanoscale biomarkers for cancer genomics and proteomics","PeriodicalId":360097,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/NLM Life Science Systems and Applications Workshop","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115411914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Applying Reduction Mappings in Designing Genomic Regulatory Networks","authors":"I. Ivanov, R. Pal, E. Dougherty","doi":"10.1109/LSSA.2006.250381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSA.2006.250381","url":null,"abstract":"Probabilistic Boolean networks (PBNs) represent a class of nonlinear models of genetic regulatory networks incorporating the indeterminacy owing to latent variables external to the model that have biological interaction with genes in the model. Besides being used to model biological phenomena, such as cellular state dynamics and the switch-like behavior of certain genes, PBNs have served as the main model for the application of intervention methods, including optimal control strategies, to favorably effect system dynamics. An obstacle in applying PBNs to large-scale networks is the computational complexity of the model. It is sometimes necessary to construct computationally tractable sub-networks while still carrying sufficient structure for the application at hand. Hence, there is a need for size reducing mappings. Such mappings can be used not only to render computationally manageable sub-networks but they can also play an important role in the process of designing PBNs from microarray data. The process of inferring PBNs from data is known to be a one-to-many mapping, and one needs a biologically sound constraints when selecting the PBN that is optimal with respect the given data. This paper proposes such a constraint based on the recently introduced DIRE reduction algorithm","PeriodicalId":360097,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/NLM Life Science Systems and Applications Workshop","volume":"2010 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123921384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"RF/microwave Sensed Cantilevers, Diaphragms, and Tactile Sensors for Passive and Active Sensor Systems","authors":"R. Weber","doi":"10.1109/LSSA.2006.250385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSA.2006.250385","url":null,"abstract":"Sensors and sensor systems for in-vivo implantation present several challenges. These include power requirements and compatibility with low voltage integrated circuit technology at the one to three volt level. This paper in addition to discussing several sensing structures, discusses a cantilever structure that has demonstrated low pull in voltages and for which the pull in voltage is easily designed. Passive sensing structures need to be remotely sensed. Active structures need power supplies. Some considerations are given for some power supply systems","PeriodicalId":360097,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/NLM Life Science Systems and Applications Workshop","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122302722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ching-Hsing Luo, T. Hsieh, Ji-Fu Lin, I-Chung Chun, Mao-Tsun Lin, Ching-Ting Lee
{"title":"Stem cell patterning in the single cell microchip platform","authors":"Ching-Hsing Luo, T. Hsieh, Ji-Fu Lin, I-Chung Chun, Mao-Tsun Lin, Ching-Ting Lee","doi":"10.1109/LSSA.2006.250383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/LSSA.2006.250383","url":null,"abstract":"On the way to open the mysteries of life in genome, single cell platform becomes one crucial tool to explore the electrochemical and electrophysiologic behavior of single cells such as stem cell for tissue engineering. As the pilot study of such a platform, we have successfully implemented stem cell patterning on an array of electrodes in the gold-silicon wafer by using microcontact printing technique. Several interesting behavior were found as single stem cells slicked on the electrodes coated with cell-favored material. A stem cell would like to stretch itself to cover the whole area of the electrode as much as it could no matter how the geometry of the electrode looked like. However, the cell would rather rest on the edge of the electrode when it was unable to stretch itself to cover the whole electrode area. In the next step, we are building up the single cell platform by implementing the whole-cell clamp or patch clamp on the electrode array","PeriodicalId":360097,"journal":{"name":"2006 IEEE/NLM Life Science Systems and Applications Workshop","volume":"1992 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125527222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}