Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny最新文献

{"title":"Nutritional behaviours and lifestyle before and during covid-19 pandemic: based on data from Polish and Turkish surveys.","authors":"Marika Wlazło,&nbsp;Natalia Zięba,&nbsp;Barbara Janota,&nbsp;Martyna Czapla,&nbsp;Kamil Mąkosza,&nbsp;Karolina Janion,&nbsp;Elżbieta Szczepańska","doi":"10.32394/rpzh.2023.0264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh.2023.0264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Students are a group particularly high risk of adverse effects from such restrictions introduced within counter transmission the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Fear felt of contracting the disease and social isolation can lead to consuming excessive amounts of energy with food, resulting in weight gain and eating disorders.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was analysed selected lifestyle aspects of Polish and Turkish students before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and to determine the existence of differences between the lifestyles of these individuals during the two periods.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study was conducted at the turn of 2020-2021 among 435 students, including 331 Polish and 104 Turkish students. The research instrument was an original questionnaire created in a Google Forms, consisting of metric and a proper part regarding lifestyle before and during the pandemic. Prior to the actual study, in order to verify whether the research tool is understandable, a pilot study was conducted, which included 40 individuals. The Wilcoxon test was used to examine the differences between the lifestyle of students before and during the pandemic. A value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both before and during the pandemic, most Polish students ate 4-5 meals daily (52.9% and 47.7%, respectively), while most Turkish students ate 3 meals (47.1% and 38.5%, respectively). There were statistically significant differences in: duration of sleep (p=0.001), way of spending one's leisure time (p=0.001) and type of physical activity (p=0.001) among the Polish and Turkish students before and during the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this study showed changes in the lifestyle of both Polish and Turkish students during the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period. This indicates the need to develop interventions to prevent harmful behaviour and their health consequences in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10568443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender as a factor influencing the frequency of meat and fish consumption in young adults.","authors":"Joanna Frąckiewicz, Zuzanna Sawejko, Anna Ciecierska, Małgorzata Ewa Drywień","doi":"10.32394/rpzh.2023.0276","DOIUrl":"10.32394/rpzh.2023.0276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Meat and fish contain easily digestible whole protein, B vitamins and numerous minerals, such as zinc, phosphorus and iron, thanks to which these products have a high nutritional value.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to assess the frequency of consumption of meat and fish in young adults depending on gender.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Data was collected from 200 respondents aged 19-30 using online survey questionnaire. The questionnaire was divided into three parts. The first part contained questions about sociodemographic and anthropometric data, the second part contained a question regarding the self-assessment of the diet. Whereas, the third part of the questionnaire concerned the frequency of consumption of meat and fish. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using Statistica 13.3 software and statistical significance was assumed at the p≤0.05 level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Meat consumption was declared by 86.5% of the respondents (83% of women and 90% of men), usually 5-6 times a week (20%). Gender statistically significantly differentiated the frequency of meat consumption. Men significantly more often consumed total meat (p=0.002), red meat (p=0.001) and poultry (p=0.004) compared to women. Fish was eaten by 85% of the respondents, and 39% only 1-3 times a month. Respondents preferred oily fish. There were no statistically significant differences in the consumption of fish by men and women.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Considering the complexity of the relationship between men and women's meat and fish consumption and health, research is needed to clarify the amounts of meat and fish consumed, the degrees and how they are processed, and the reasons for eating or not eating them. This can be helpful in directions for nutritional education.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138809384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary behavior of pregnant women in the province of El Jadida and impact of low birth weight on the anthropometric status of newborns. Case-control study.","authors":"Houda Elfane,&nbsp;Khadija Sahel,&nbsp;Sanaa El-Jamal,&nbsp;Imane Barakat,&nbsp;Halima Daif,&nbsp;Mohammed El-Ayachi,&nbsp;Rekia Belahsen","doi":"10.32394/rpzh.2023.0270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh.2023.0270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low birth weight (LBW) is a major health problem responsible for neonatal mortality and morbidity such as diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular disease in adulthood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This case-control study aims to compare data on the intake of energy, macro and micronutrient in two groups of pregnant women, who gave birth to low birth weight (LBW) babies named cases and those who gave birth to babies of normal weight (NW) called controls.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The collection of information was done using an established questionnaire for 400 pregnant women, allowing the collection of data on socio-demographic and obstetrical factors. Nutritional intake was obtained by recording food consumption using the 24-hour recall method. Anthropometric measurements of parturient and fundal height (FH) were measured before delivery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean FH of the cases was 25.69±0.13 and that of the controls was 31.83±0.06. The gestational age of the cases was on average 31.65±0.21 week of amenorrhea (WA) against 38.04±0.08 WA for the controls. 37% of LBW newborns had an Apgar score < 7 (p< 0.001) and 71% were hospitalized in neonatal intensive care (p<0.001). Micronutrient deficiency was raised and concerned calcium 34.02% vs 60.65%, folates 48.32% vs 68.01% and iron 50.85% vs 66% in cases and controls respectively. Newborns from NW had a weight of 3395.5±15.99 against 1957.25±30.72 for those from LBW.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows that the nutritional intake did not cover all the nutrient needs of the pregnant women studied and that newborns with LBW are associated with an altered anthropometric status. Improving the living conditions of mothers, good monitoring of pregnancy, and good nutritional education can significantly improve the nutritional status with the same food intake and should be integrated into the nutritional intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10228400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the dietary and anthropometric profile and identification of determining factors in adolescents at school in the Khemisset region of Morocco.","authors":"Yassine Bensaid, Aziz Akardalou, Soufiani Abdelaati, Abderezzak Khadmaoui","doi":"10.32394/rpzh.2023.0279","DOIUrl":"10.32394/rpzh.2023.0279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The nutritional status and dietary diversity of adolescents play a crucial role in their growth, development, and overall health.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to assess the nutritional status and determine the dietary diversity score in urban and rural school settings among Moroccan adolescents.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study in public schools in Khemisset in the municipality of Sidi Allal El Bahraoui, Morocco. We used a questionnaire to collect sociodemographic data and a 24- hour dietary recall to calculate the dietary diversity score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 215 students. The mean BMI was 21.06 ± 0.23 kg/m2, with 60.8% of students having a normal BMI, 24.5% being underweight, 11.8% overweight, and 2.8% obese. The mean dietary diversity score was 5.672±0.956, with 21% having a low dietary diversity score, 12% having a high score, and 67% having a moderate score. Factors associated with nutritional status were place of residence, type of delivery, and age, while the dietary diversity score was associated with school level and BMI of adolescents.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The data from the study show that the diet of adolescents in the Khemisset region of Morocco is moderately diversified. In addition, the prevalence of underweight and overweight was worrying, underlining the need for multiple strategic interventions to improve the health status of adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138809491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of kidney function changes in sea salt workers during harvest season in Thailand.","authors":"Titaporn Luangwilai,&nbsp;Mark Gregory Robson,&nbsp;Wattasit Siriwong","doi":"10.32394/rpzh.2022.0201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh.2022.0201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Occupational factors have previously been mentioned as contributing to decreased kidney function and the development of chronic kidney disease of unknown cause. Sea salt workers are one of the occupations facing high outdoor temperatures and a highly, intensive workload.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The purpose of the study was to examine whether the kidney function of sea salt workers at the beginning of the harvest season differs from kidney function at the end of the harvest season and to identify factors that can predict the change of kidney function.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Data were collected from salt workers (n=50) who were between 18–60 years of age without hypertension, diabetes, and kidney disease in Samut Sakhon province, Thailand. Urine specific gravity (USG) was used for hydration status and the estimated glomerular filter rate (eGFR) was used to measure kidney function. The mixed model was used to find differences over the harvest season and prediction of factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On average, the eGFR was estimated to decrease by 15.2 ml/min/1.73 m2 over the harvest season. The decline in eGFR of sea salt workers with moderate and heavy workloads were significantly faster than their light workload counterparts after controlling for other covariates. Similarly, dehydration (USG ≥ 1.030) significantly accelerated the rate of kidney function loss.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study confirmed exposure to heat over the harvest season leads to decreased eGFR in sea salt workers. The rate of change of eGFR could be predicted by workload and hydration status. Workers with dehydration who performed medium to heavy workloads in farms showed faster kidney function decline than those who performed light workload.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40318899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternative and online weight loss interventions during Covid-19 pandemic lockdown.","authors":"Jakub Woźniak,&nbsp;Katarzyna Garbacz,&nbsp;Olga Wojciechowska,&nbsp;Dariusz Włodarek","doi":"10.32394/rpzh.2022.0204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh.2022.0204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The problem of obesity is affecting an increasing number of people worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic and the required social distancing, which make it impossible to see a dietitian, present new challenges and require the development of new ways of working with overweight individuals. Based on research and practice, dietetic services are beginning to shift from in-office consultations to a form of online consultation using mobile apps and websites. This literature review aims to critically analyze the scientific evidence for the effectiveness of interventions targeting weight loss in overweight or obese individuals focusing on behavioral and online interventions. The data from the presented studies suggest that the effectiveness of online interventions to control body weight is high enough to be used in nutritional education and in weight reduction or maintenance. The main advantage is a wide access to them for the public.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40396233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sugar-sweetened beverages consumption during Covid-19 pandemic among office workers in semi-urban area in southern Thailand: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Phisit Pouyfung,&nbsp;Apisit Sawekwang,&nbsp;Pawonrat Kaewnopparat,&nbsp;Thanaree Dungkond,&nbsp;Pitiporn Pornpitayalaud,&nbsp;Litavadee Chuaboon,&nbsp;Jaruneth Petchoo","doi":"10.32394/rpzh.2022.0228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh.2022.0228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During COVID-19 pandemic, office worker has spent more than 6-8 hours per day sitting for online working following social distancing policy. Considering the popularity of online ordering and home delivery services, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) consumption have increased. However, the link between the types SSB consumption and their BMI was less well documented.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the association of the habitual intake (type, frequency, and volume) of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) with body mass index (BMI).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study, 337 office workers were selected according to probability proportionto-size and systematic random sampling. Data were collected using face-to-face interviews on the type, frequency, and volume of sugar-sweetened beverage intake. Samples of sugar-containing beverages were analyzed using high-throughput liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The chi-square test was used to determine the relationship of SSB consumption with BMI. Unadjusted binary logistic regression analysis was used to assess the associations between BMI and metabolic diseases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most respondents (56.1%) were overweight (BMI >23 kg/m2). The most consumed SSB was milk tea (e.g., Thai tea and green tea), which was significantly related with BMI (p=0.03). LC-MS/MS analysis showed that sucrose and lactose were the major sugars in milk tea (34.7 g/100mL, on average). 70.6% of the respondents consumed >24 g/day of sugar, which is more than the World Health Organization's recommendation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Health control policies and health education, for example warning labels for the reduction of SSB consumption, may urgently be required to promote health in workplaces and prevent SSB-related metabolic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10429141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Covid-19 pandemic on gender associated with risk factors: a retrospective data analysis, Thailand.","authors":"Jadsada Kunno,&nbsp;Busaba Supawattanabodee,&nbsp;Chavanant Sumanasrethakul,&nbsp;Budsaba Wiriyasirivaj,&nbsp;Sathit Kuratong,&nbsp;Chuthamat Kaewchandee,&nbsp;Pataraporn Yubonpunt","doi":"10.32394/rpzh.2022.0220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh.2022.0220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic is having a serious impact around the world. Many countries have experienced a two or three wave pattern in reported cases. The virus's spread in Thailand was a cluster event distributed over multiple locations, multi-spender, and multiple waves of outbreaks.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to study gender associated with age, risk factors, and nationality during coronavirus pandemic in Thailand.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 2020 to May 2021 (17 months) to determine the number of confirmed cases and identify gender associated with, age, various risk factors and nationality were analyzed by chi square test and binary logistic regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that the number of cases increased by over 100,000 over the course of three waves of outbreaks. The logistic regression analysis revealed that genders were significantly related with age, various risk factors, and nationality across different waves (p < 0.01). Across the primary risk factors were community risk, community cluster and close contact with a previously confirmed patient on confirmed cases during COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significant differences between genders were significantly associated with age, various risk factors, and nationality may be due to weak social distancing policies and the lack of public health interventions. A COVID-19 vaccination plan is needed for people who are at risk of suffering severe symptoms as well as the general population in outbreak areas to increase immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40379556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying monkeypox: do dental professionals have adequate knowledge and awareness?","authors":"Ambreen Kaur, Richa Goel, Ravinder Singh, Arvind Bhardwaj, Raj Kumari, Ramandeep Singh Gambhir","doi":"10.32394/rpzh.2022.0226","DOIUrl":"10.32394/rpzh.2022.0226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The emergence of monkeypox has presented a new challenge for health agencies around the globe. There is significant increase in the number of cases that too in non-endemic countries with more than 18000 cases reported worldwide.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study was conducted to assess knowledge and awareness regarding monkeypox among dental professionals.</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>The present cross-sectional study among 410 subjects who were residing in a northern state of the country. Informed consent was obtained from all the subjects. Study sample was selected on the basis of Systematic random sampling methodology. A self-designed close-ended questionnaire written in English and verified by experts was utilized for the study. The questionnaire was delivered personally to study subjects to collect the required information. Chi-square test and ANOVA were used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One-fourth (24.8%) of the subjects never heard about monkeypox disease. Negative response was given by 44.8% of subjects regarding resemblance of monkeypox with small pox. Only 31.2% of subjects had knowledge regarding oral manifestations of the disease. High knowledge scores were reported by only 28% of subjects. Higher knowledge levels were significantly related to education level and working profile of study subjects. Online media (Internet) was preferred as the main source to obtain more information by 42.2 of subjects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was low level of knowledge regarding monkeypox among study subjects. There is an urgent need for dental professionals to keep themselves updated with recent knowledge on new emerging infectious diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40379561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of the knowledge on specific nutritional needs and factors affecting pregnancy outcome in women of reproductive age.","authors":"Julianna Kostecka,&nbsp;Monika Bojanowska,&nbsp;Joanna Kostecka-Jarecka,&nbsp;Katarzyna Kolasa,&nbsp;Małgorzata Kostecka","doi":"10.32394/rpzh.2022.0217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh.2022.0217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pregnancy is one of the few periods in a woman's life when extra weight is not perceived as a negative factor, but has positive connotations with healthy fetal development, which runs against the modern cult of a perfect, slim and healthy body. Most research studies focus on excessive rather than insufficient weight gain in successive trimesters of pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate women's knowledge about the influence of diet on pregnancy outcome and to assess changes in body weight and eating behaviors during pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study consisted of an online survey. A total of 325 correctly and completely filled in questionnaires were considered. The respondents were divided into two groups: women without children (44.92%) and pregnant women and mothers (55.08%). The respondents' knowledge about eating behaviors during pregnancy was compared between the two groups. The responses given by mothers were used to evaluate weight gains during pregnancy and the nutritional status of pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Changes in body weight during pregnancy were regarded as acceptable and pregnancy weight gain was considered a normal process by 92% of the respondents. Pregnant women had greater knowledge about the need for increased caloric intake in successive trimesters (p=0.0012). The respondents' knowledge about maternal health and healthy fetal development was assessed with the use of 10 true or false questions. The average score was 6.3±1.8 points, and no significant differences were found between mothers/pregnant women and women without children (6.6±1.3 vs 6.2±1.7, p>0.05). In the present study, 67% of the respondents were of the opinion that they followed a healthy diet, 14% claimed that they did not eat right, but were not motivated to make any changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The respondents were aware that weight gain during pregnancy is a normal physiological process, but 1/3 of the respondents did not feel comfortable with the observed changes. The respondents did not have sufficient knowledge about the influence of maternal weight on fetal development. The use of diuretics and laxatives by pregnant women without medical consultation is a worrying phenomenon. These results indicate that women should have better access to knowledge about the impact of healthy nutrition on pregnancy outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40379627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}