Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny最新文献

{"title":"Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption and Risk of Visceral Fat Accumulation Among University Students in Thailand.","authors":"Phisit Pouyfung, Jaruneth Petchoo, Suwichak Chaisit","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/205935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh/205935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Increased consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is associated with obesity and metabolic health risks.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study determined the relationship between SSB intake and body composition, with a focus on visceral fat accumulation among Thai university students.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted with 387 university students aged 19-22 years. Dietary intake was assessed using a 3-day, 24-hour dietary recall conducted on three consecutive day to quantify SSB consumption. Body composition metrics, including body mass index (BMI), fat mass, and visceral fat levels (VFL), were measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Statistical analyses, including t-tests and linear regression, were used to identify the associations between SSB intake and body composition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sweetened tea, particularly freshly prepared iced milk tea, was most frequently consumed. High sugar consumption from SSB (≥ 24 g/day) was significantly associated with increased fat mass (16.9 ± 9.9 vs. 14.8 ± 7.8 kg, p = 0.021), BMI (22.6 ± 5.0 vs. 21.3 ± 4.2 kg/m², p = 0.007), and VFL > 9 (83.3% vs. 16.7%, p = 0.013). Sugar intake increased progressively across BMI categories: underweight (25.21 g/day), normal-weight (28.78 g/day), overweight (32.18 g/day), and obese (34.00 g/day). Participants with a VFL above 9 consumed over 40 g/day of SSB-derived sugar. At VFL exceeding 10, males had an average BMI of 30.06 ± 2.40 kg/m², whereas females exhibited a dramatically higher BMI of 41.20 ± 3.27 kg/m².</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Excessive SSB consumption, particularly sweetened tea, is strongly associated with higher visceral fat and unfavorable body composition in young adults. Public health interventions targeting reduced SSB intake are urgently required to address obesity and metabolic health risks. Further longitudinal studies are recommended to confirm causality and inform dietary guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"76 1","pages":"75-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey on food dyes additives in food products commonly consumed by Algerian children.","authors":"Djihad Bencherit, Naila Charbi, Asma Saad, Sara Dahia, Bochra Messadi, Mohamed Lounis","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/196070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh/196070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children are generally attracted to colorful foods. However, some food dyes are suspected of exacerbating the activity of children and inducing other health problems that can reach reprotoxicity and carcinogenicity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore the presence of dyes such as E102, E104, E110, E121, E122, E123, E124, E127, E129, E132, E133, E143 and E171 in food products widely consumed by children in Algeria notably sweets and chocolates, beverages and ice creams, yogurts and biscuits.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This work was carried out on 228 products including 57 biscuits, 47 drinks and ice creams, 20 yogurts and 104 sweets and chocolates. Information mentioned on the composition label of this products were recorded to determine the presence of studied dyes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here, we report the abundance of the yellow dyes E102 (24.1%) and E110 (18%) in the tested products. Also, apart from E121, all the other assessed dyes were found. Sweets and chocolates are the products containing the most studied dyes. The analysis of the presence of combinations of these dyes shows that 7% of analyzed foods contain 2 dyes in their composition while 20% of the products contain at least 3 dyes at the same time. Additionally, 37.5% of sweets and chocolates contain a combination of at least 3 dyes in their ingredient list.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In overall, except the E121, all assessed dyes were identified on the labels of food products widely consumed by children which encourage parents to be made aware of the risks associated with the ingestion of omnipresent dyes in children's diets.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"76 1","pages":"39-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational pesticide exposure and cognitive impairment among adult farmers in northern Thailand.","authors":"Nichapa Phitsadang, Warangkana Naksen, Parichat Ong-Artborirak","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/200912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh/200912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thai farmers are directly exposed to pesticides, which may result in adverse effects including cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to examine the association between occupational pesticide exposure and cognitive decline among adult farmers in northern Thailand.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 303 pesticide-using farmers over the age of 50 from Doi Tao District in Chiang Mai Province. Pesticide exposure score was calculated using an algorithm that considered personal protective equipment (PPE) scores and exposure intensity scores, as well as lifetime application days. The scores were classified as high or low exposure based on their median. The Thai version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test was used to assess cognitive function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of adult farmers was 58.74 years. The prevalence of cognitive impairment was 93.7%, with an average score of 19.6. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient showed that the MoCA score was adversely correlated with lifetime application days (r_s = -0.145), PPE score (r_s = -0.163), exposure intensity score (r_s = -0.184), and pesticide exposure score (r_s = -0.225). Linear regression revealed that high exposed farmers had significantly lower MoCA scores than low exposed farmers, as measured by PPE score (B = -0.75; 95% CI: -1.46, -0.05), exposure intensity score (B = -0.97; 95% CI: -1.66, -0.27), and pesticide exposure score (B = -0.77; 95% CI: -1.47, -0.06), after controlling for sex, age, education, income sufficiency, and body mass index.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Thai farmers are at risk of cognitive impairment linked to occupational pesticide exposure, depending on their PPE use and exposure intensity. There is still a critical need for action to reduce the risk of negative health effects from pesticide exposure among Thai farmers.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"76 1","pages":"29-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron status in women of reproductive age in Morocco.","authors":"Bouchra Mekkaoui, Nabila Auajjar, Abdelhakim Yahyane, Laila El Ammari, Salwa Labzizi, Anouar Talouizte, Hasnae Gamih, Hassan Aguenaou, Kaoutar Benjeddou, Khalid El Kari","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/203338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh/203338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Women of reproductive age (WRA) are one of the vulnerable population mostly impacted by anemia and iron deficiency (ID) worldwide.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anemia, ID, and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) among WRA in Morocco.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This study included a representative sample of 2,012 non-pregnant women aged 15-49 years covering the entire territory of Morocco. Data collection encompassed socio-demographic information, anthropometric measurements, along with blood samples. Hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, serum ferritin (SF), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels have been analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median of SF for the entire population was 27 μg/mL (Interquartile Range (IQR): 12-50 μg/mL), and the mean of Hb was 12.2 ± 1.5 g/dL. Significant differences were observed between urban and rural areas: urban SF median was 24 μg/mL (IQR: 11-45 μg/mL) versus rural 31 μg/mL (IQR: 15-55 μg/mL, p < 0.001), and urban Hb mean was 12.2 ± 1.5 g/dL compared to rural 12.4 ± 1.5 g/dL (p = 0.02). Furthermore, the prevalence of anemia, ID and IDA are consistently high; 34.3%, 29.8%, and 16.4%, respectively, with a significant difference in favor of urban areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings from this national survey reveal that despite over a decade of implementing flour fortification strategy using electrolytic iron to address iron deficiency in Morocco, anemia, ID, and IDA remain widespread among WRA. Exploring alternative strategies or adopting a different form of iron for fortification could be beneficial in reducing or even eradicating iron deficiency among Moroccan women.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"76 1","pages":"47-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between diet health quality and the level of functional fitness and quality of life among Polish women aged 60.","authors":"Maria Krystyna Gacek, Agnieszka Wojtowicz, Grażyna Kosiba, Magdalena Majer, Joanna Gradek, Olga Czerwińska-Ledwig","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/205226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh/205226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Healthy lifestyle is a key factor in improving health and quality of life at any stage of ontogenesis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between of the health quality of diet and the level of functional fitness as well as quality of life among older women.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study was conducted among 201 women aged 60-85 who signed up for the \"Active Healthy Senior\" project (at the University of Physical Education in Kraków). In the research, the following were used: 1) Dietary Habits and Nutrition Beliefs Questionnaire (KomPAN); 2) Fullerton Functional Fitness Test; and 3) WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Relationships between the variables were evaluated using Spearman's R signed rank correlation coefficients in the IBM SPSS 21 program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the study, it was demonstrated that along with an increase in the pro-healthy diet index (pHDI-8), agility increased, and with an increase in the non-healthy diet index (nHDI-8), agility and dynamic balance decreased (p < 0.01). When there was an increase in pHDI-8, the general perception of quality of life and all domains of quality of life: somatic, psychological, social and environmental, increased (p < 0.01). On the other hand, along with the increase of nHDI-8, the psychological domain regarding quality of life experienced a decrease (p < 0.01). However, the strength of the demonstrated relationships was low.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Significant (but weak) correlations were found between the health quality of the diet and indicators of functional fitness and quality of life among older women. Thus, health quality of a diet can be one of the predictors of functional fitness and quality of life in elder women.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"76 1","pages":"55-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of anthropometric parameters based on emotional eating.","authors":"Martina Gažarová, Natalia Tobola","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/202631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh/202631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emotions and moods are important regulators of food intake. While initially excessive intake, especially of unhealthy foods, was associated with negative emotions, now the emphasis is also on positive ones.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the work was to evaluate the emotional behavior of a selected group of the Slovak population in relation to nutritional behavior, as well as in relation to body composition, and to identify correlations between emotional eating and body composition.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>One hundred and eighty volunteers were involved in the study. To assess the emotional aspects of eating, we used a questionnaire developed within the EATMOT project. Body composition was analyzed using a bioimpedance device InBody 970 (multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance/MF-BIA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that participants who relieve stress by eating had significantly the lowest values of parameters related to muscle mass (SLM, FFM, SMM, BMR). Participants who consume food that corrects their body weight had significantly the lowest values of fat parameters and in most cases the highest values of parameters related to muscle mass. The analysis showed a strong correlation between question Q₁ and Q₆ (r = 0.649; P < 0.001), Q₈ (r = 0.636; P < 0.001) and Q₉ (r = 0.651; P < 0.001). The questions mentioned form block 1, in which food represents a form of escape. A strong correlation was also confirmed between Q₆ and Q₈ (r = 0.658; P < 0.001) and a moderate one with Q₇ (r = 0.488; P < 0.001). A strong correlation was also found in the case of Q₈ and Q₉ (r = 0.575; P < 0.001) and a moderate one with Q₅ (r = 0.491; P < 0.001). We did not find any significant differences between block 1 and block 2 (positive emotions) (P > 0.05). The values of anthropometric parameters in block 1 were significantly different from the values corresponding to question Q₂. As expected, participants in Q₂ had lower values of fat parameters and higher values related to muscle mass than participants in block 1.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Emotional eating has a significant impact on body composition. However, it should be clearly pointed out that emotional eating is not only associated with negative feelings, but also with positive ones. We can eat not only stress and depressive states, but also feelings of happiness and well-being. The results showed that the values of anthropometric parameters did not differ significantly between those who associate food with negative emotions and those who associate its consumption with positive emotions. However, it was clearly confirmed that those who choose food consciously in relation to the sustainability of adequate body weight also achieved the most optimal values of anthropometric parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"76 1","pages":"65-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rare earth elements (REE) in wild macrofungi: a review highlighting the importance of requisite analytical methodology on data quality.","authors":"Jerzy Falandysz, Alwyn R Fernandes, Anna Kilanowicz, Heesoo Eun","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/203700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh/203700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The accelerating global use of lanthanides in modern consumer goods has introduced a new source of environmental pollution and potential health hazards. Evaluating risk for human exposure to these rare earth elements (REE) is hampered by limited occurrence data in foods, partly because reliable, sensitive and accurate determination is challenging. An objective of this work was to critically review lanthanide occurrence in fruiting bodies (mushrooms) of edible wild terrestrial (epigeic) and subterranean (hypogeic) macrofungi and their soil substrates, while also assessing the reported data for analytical quality. Given the paucity of information, all available literature on lanthanides in wild mushrooms was considered. Key requirements for credible REE determination in fungal biomass include avoiding cross contamination from substrates, exclusion of spectral/non-spectral interferences through robust purification and selective, sensitive measurement procedures, inclusion of the full range of lanthanides and strict quality control. In general, both high and lower resolution ICP-MS techniques were evidentially able to provide more reliable outcomes if these requirements were followed. A second objective was to propose a rational approach to assess data reliability by combining the above methodological attributes with the characteristics of lanthanide occurrence in mushrooms: (i) adherence to Oddo-Harkins order, visualised as a descending sawtooth pattern - a result of unfractionated uptake and accumulation of lanthanides from soils and other substrates (ii) typical individual concentration ratios (e.g., La/Sm, Ce/Nd, Ce/Sm) that indicate reliable determination, (iii) bio-exclusion of lanthanides by wild fungi (bioconcentration factors < 1). Data from studies that met these requirements confirmed typically low concentrations (0.07 μg kg-1 of Lu in <i>Suillus luteus</i> to 940 μg kg-1 of Ce in <i>Cantharellus minor</i>) with patterns corresponding to Oddo-Harkins order across reported fungal types, maintaining the unfractionated REE substrate patterns. However, given the upward trend in REE usage, the continued monitoring of macrofungi is prudent.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"76 1","pages":"7-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial and antifungal activities of Moroccan wild edible plants selected based on ethnobotanical evidence.","authors":"Abdelghani Aboukhalaf, Youssef Lahlou, Adil Kalili, Sara Moujabbir, Jamila Elbiyad, Belkassem El Amraoui, Rekia Belahsen","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/192206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh/192206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the extensive literature focusing on identifying novel antimicrobials of plant origin, little work has been undertaken to examine the antimicrobial activity of wild edible plants.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current research aimed to determine the in vitro antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract of some common wild edible plants.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Disc diffusion and broth micro dilution methods were used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of extracts of <i>Mercurialis annua</i>, <i>Ziziphys lotus</i>, <i>Rubia peregrina</i>, <i>Origanum vulgare</i>, <i>Papaver rhoeas</i>, <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i>, and <i>Dysphania ambrosioides</i> against known human microorganisms' pathogens.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The result indicated that most of the extracts exhibited a range of <i>in vitro</i> growth inhibitory action against all bacterial strains and yeasts tested with inhibition zones ranging from 11 mm to 32 mm, MIC value ranging from 0.048 to 50 mg/ml and MBC and MFC values ranging from 0.048 to 100 mg/ml. Among the seven plant extracts tested, <i>O. vulgare</i> was the most effective showing high antimicrobial activity against all tested microbial strains. All plant extracts exhibited bactericidal activities against all the tested bacteria strains except for those of <i>R. peregrina</i>, <i>P. rhoeas</i> and <i>F. vulgare</i> which showed a bacteriostatic activity against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. Antifungal activity was shown only by<i> O. vulgare</i>, <i>F. vulgare</i> and <i>D. ambrosioides</i> against both <i>C. albicans</i> and <i>C. neoformans</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight the potential of wild edible plants to control human pathogenic microbes and demonstrate that these plants could be used as starting points for the development of novel antimicrobial compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"75 3","pages":"229-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selected eating behaviors and the risk of orthorexia nervosa in a group of high school students.","authors":"Karolina Kozik, Beata Całyniuk","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/192744","DOIUrl":"10.32394/rpzh/192744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Orthorexia nervosa (ON), or the obsessive desire to eat only healthy foods, is closely linked to eating behaviors. Among adolescents, the risk of developing ON and its consequences, including weight loss and malnutrition, can be particularly significant due to the crucial impact of eating behaviors on an individual's psychophysical development.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the eating behaviors of high school students and the risk of ON.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Observational study was conducted using the PAPI method among 514 students aged 14-19, of which 59.3% (N=305) were female. The research tool was a proprietary, validated questionnaire that included the ORTO-15 test (cutoff score=35) and the BSQFVF. The questionnaire was used to assess the frequency of consumption of selected food products, the level of dietary fiber intake, the quantity and regularity of meals consumed, as well as other eating behaviors of the participants. The individual responses were then analyzed according to the risk of ON using correlation coefficients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of ON risk was found to be 32.1% (N=165). The percentage of individuals at risk of ON was higher among vegetarians. The results regarding the frequency of consumption of animal protein sources, dietary fiber intake, the number of meals and their regularity were similar in both the group at risk of ON and the group not at risk. Over 80% of individuals who never consumed bars, gummies, and candies were at risk of developing ON.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The risk of ON was higher among vegetarians. Individuals who excluded highly processed foods from their diet were more susceptible to developing ON.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"75 3","pages":"247-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to Mediterranean diet in Moroccan school-age adolescents: sociodemographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle determinants.","authors":"Halima Belaoufi, Sanaa El-Jamal, Khadija Sahel, Abdelghani Aboukhalaf, Firdaous Friki, Hamid Chamlal, Jamila Elbiyad, Soumaya Atouife, Abdellah El Habazi, Rekia Belahsen","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/194469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh/194469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite its benefits, the Mediterranean diet (MD) is abandoned or not adopted by the younger generations in most Mediterranean countries.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim here was to examine some factors determining adherence to MD in Moroccan school-age adolescents.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a school setting among 386 students (148 boys and 238 girls), aged 14 to 18 years, randomly selected and from different socioeconomic strata. A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle data. Physical activity was assessed using the short French version of the IPAQ questionnaire. The KIDMED test was used to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Weight, height and waist circumference were measured according to WHO standards. Body mass index (BMI) and waist�to-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. Statistical ANOVA test was used for to compare multiple means, Student's t-test for independent samples, <i>Chi</i>² test for categorical variables and multinomial logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with adherence to the MD amongst adolescents sample.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adherence to the MD in this population was very low, with nearly 53% having poor adherence and only 7.7% reporting optimal adherence. Multinomial regression analyses showed that poor adherence is correlated with female gender (p=0.042), low paternal education (p=0.004), limited number of meals (p=0.006), advanced age (p=0.005) and inadequate sleep duration (p=0.027). In contrast, better adherence appears to be correlated with a high number of meals per day (p<0.001) and a better socio-professional class of the father (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed a low prevalence of good adherence to MD confirming a transition of the study adolescents towards a Westernized diet. Targeted nutritional intervention programs should be implemented to improve adherence to the MD among Moroccan adolescents, by promoting healthy eating habits.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"75 3","pages":"261-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}