Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny最新文献

{"title":"Exposure to nitrites from meat products as food additives among adolescents in Poland.","authors":"Katarzyna Stoś, Barbara Wojda, Maciej Ołtarzewski, Joanna Gajda-Wyrębek, Marta Dmitruk, Jacek Postupolski","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/202137","DOIUrl":"10.32394/rpzh/202137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nitrites should be limited in the diet because their potential carcinogenic effects. However, the addition of nitrites is essential to maintain the microbiological safety of meat products, mainly to protect them from bacteria <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> and to preserve the pink colour of meat products and to give them desirable organoleptic properties. Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) for nitrite (expressed as nitrite ion) established by EFSA is 0.07 mg per kilogram of body weight per day (mg kg^-1 day^-1), equivalent to 0.1 mg kg^-1 day^-1 of sodium nitrite.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was the assessment of sodium nitrite intake in meat products and exposure to this compound in Polish adolescents.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The analysis of sodium nitrite intake with selected meat products by young Poles was based on consumption data of these products by adolescents aged 11-17 in 2019-2020 and analytical data on the actual content of sodium nitrite in meat products provided by laboratories of sanitary and epidemiological stations in 2017 and 2018 (4 voivodships).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intake of sodium nitrite by adolescents aged 11-17 years in total, both the mean (0.063 mg kg^-1 day^-1) and the median (0.050 mg kg^-1 day^-1) did not exceed ADI. On the other hand, the intake of sodium nitrite at the 95th percentile (P95) was 195% of the ADI, and the highest intake was found in young boys - 200% of the ADI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The average intake of sodium nitrite from meat products by Polish adolescents was generally lower than ADI. However, there was observed potential risk of excessive intake for some boys and girls who had a high consumption of meat products.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"75 4","pages":"359-363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of preferences and frequency of milk and selected dairy products consumption by mothers and their children aged 1 to 3 years.","authors":"Aleksandra Kołota-Burdzy, Edyta Krawczuk, Anna Harton","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/195669","DOIUrl":"10.32394/rpzh/195669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early childhood is a time of developing eating habits and taste preferences, which is most influenced by the family environment. Milk and dairy products play an important role in the diet of post-infant children, as they provide many nutrients that condition the proper growth and development of the young body.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Assessment of the preferences for milk and selected dairy products and the frequencies of their consumption by mothers and their children aged 1 to 3 years.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study was conducted in 2019 in a group of women (n=94) aged 20-40 years who have a child aged 1-3 years and do not exclude milk and dairy products from their own or their child's diet. The study applied the Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) method using a survey including food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) developed on the basis of the Dietary Habits and Nutrition Beliefs Questionnaire (KomPAN) for research on dietary views and habits and questions about the preferences of mothers and their children regarding milk and selected dairy products.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Products that were preferred by mothers and children were also consumed significantly more often in both groups (p≤0.05). Preferences for selected dairy products in the group of mothers and their children were also similar. The most popular products in both groups were: yoghurt, cottage cheese and rennet cheese, with the latter being preferred by significantly more mothers than children (p<0.001). The frequency of consumption of selected dairy products among women and children was similar, namely the most frequently consumed dairy products were: milk, yoghurt and rennet cheese, and the least frequently consumed were buttermilk and kefir.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Considering the achieved results, it seems reasonable to conduct activities encouraging the consumption of fermented milk products, especially kefir and buttermilk, which have many beneficial health properties and which are the least preferred by mothers and their children aged 1-3 years, and therefore the least consumed.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"75 4","pages":"323-331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the diet of a selected group of children with coeliac disease.","authors":"Joanna Rachtan-Janicka","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/203107","DOIUrl":"10.32394/rpzh/203107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only effective treatment for coeliac disease. The aim of GFD is to provide all necessary nutrients, excluding products containing gluten or products contaminated with it.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to assess the diet of a selected group of children with coeliac disease by analysing the frequency of consumption of basic food groups.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study involved a group of 50 children between the ages of 1 and 10, whose parents completed food frequency questionnaires and a 7-day diary of current notes. The large age range precluded quantitative assessment of intake, so further analysis was qualitative. The assessment was based on the Diet Quality Indicators (DQI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated a low variety of vegetables consumed, especially raw, and the proportion of fruit and fruit preparations significantly exceeding the amount of vegetables consumed. The GFD was dominated by light gluten-free bread and rice and millet groats. The main sources of animal protein were meat and its products and eggs, there was a very low consumption of fish and low consumption of legumes and unsweetened fermented dairy drinks. Water, flavoured waters and fruit juices and drinks were the main liquids consumed in the study group of children. In school-aged children were observed to consume frequent (daily, several times a week) sweet snacks and toast. The majority of patients complied with the GFD, however, deviations were noted, of which the children's parents were informed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The assessment of GFD quality in most of the studied children indicated a need to improve its quality, particularly in terms of increasing the intake of vegetables and reducing the intake of easily digestible carbohydrates. Regular monitoring of GFD quality and education of children and parents on the principles of GFD and proper nutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"75 4","pages":"365-371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do children and adolescents with excess body weight and dyslipidemia consume enough vegetables and fruits before participating in the nutritional intervention program?","authors":"Beata Bondyra-Wiśniewska, Anna Harton","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/197421","DOIUrl":"10.32394/rpzh/197421","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The recommended intake of vegetables and fruits is an important element of dietotherapy in the treatment of excess body weight and dyslipidemia in children and adolescents.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Assessment of vegetables and fruits consumption by children and adolescents with excess body weight and diagnosed dyslipidemia before participating in the nutritional intervention program.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 64 children and adolescents (44 boys and 20 girls) aged 8-16 with overweight or obesity and dyslipidemia. These were patients of the Children's Memorial Health Institute in Warsaw referred by a pediatrician to participate in the nutritional intervention program. Vegetables and fruits consumption was estimated based on a 3-day current food record and the validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ-6).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average consumption of total vegetables and fruits was 593±311 g, including 286±163 g of vegetables and 306±199 g of fruits (no differences in the groups with overweight and obesity, p>0.05). Compared to participants with overweight, patients with obesity consumed more vegetables per 1000 kcal of diet (p=0.034). In total, 41% of children and adolescents had a greater share of vegetables than fruits in meeting the recommendations (no differences between groups of participants with overweight or obesity, p>0.05). About half of the participants ate vegetables and fruits less than once a day. Raw vegetables and fruits were chosen more often than processed ones or juices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Only 16% of children and adolescents with excess body weight and dyslipidemia before participating in the nutritional intervention program did not consume the recommended amounts of vegetables and fruits set at a minimum of 400 g. In nutritional education, special attention should be paid to promoting the consumption of several portions of vegetables and fruits every day, as well as their appropriate proportions.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"75 4","pages":"333-339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influenced supplements use in a chosen group of children.","authors":"Olga Januszko","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/202060","DOIUrl":"10.32394/rpzh/202060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dietary supplements have become a common practice, including among children. It is worth noting that supplementation can have a twofold effect: a pro-health effect - improving the nutritional status of the body, or a harmful effect - increasing the risk of nutrient overdose, such as when several preparations are used simultaneously.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to assess the determinants of dietary supplement consumption by children aged 3-10.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study used a questionnaire method among parents of 151 children attending kindergarten and elementary schools in the Mazovia Province.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Dietary supplements were used by 54.3% of the children surveyed the year before the study. Women with a university education were significantly more likely to supplement their children than women with a secondary or primary education (60.6% and 42.3%, respectively). More children with normal body weight (58.6%) were given supplements than those with overweight and obesity (27.3%). The vast majority of children (66%) took one supplement daily. Concomitant use of supplements with fortified products was observed in 71.4% of respondents. The decision to use a supplement was mainly made by the parents themselves (62%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Educating parents about the benefits and risks of using dietary supplements is necessary. The use of such preparations should be consulted with a specialist, i.e., a doctor or dietician. It is worth noting that a well-balanced diet should provide all the nutrients, vitamins, and minerals for the child's proper development.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"75 4","pages":"341-348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary habits of early school-aged children and nutritional knowledge of their parents.","authors":"Katarzyna Rolf, Tomasz Cebulak, Katarzyna Kmiecik","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/202099","DOIUrl":"10.32394/rpzh/202099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The early school period is essential in shaping dietary habits. This process is largely dependent on the nutritional knowledge of parents and caregivers.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the impact of parents' nutritional knowledge on the frequency of consumption of selected groups of food products by their children at early-school aged.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The survey, in the form of an online survey, was conducted among parents of children from grades 1-3. The study included 179 children aged 6-11 years (mean 8.1), 54.5% of whom were girls. Questions about children's eating habits included the frequency of consumption of specific product groups (fruits, vegetables, dairy products, whole grain cereal products, fish, meat, cold cuts, legumes, nuts and seeds, eggs, sweets). Nutritional knowledge was determined on the basis of parents' self-assessment. Statistical analysis included a heat map and Pearson correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A high level of nutritional knowledge of parents was associated with a high correlation in the consumption of fruits and vegetables (0.64), and in the case of vegetable consumption with a high correlation with the consumption of whole grains and legumes. Negative correlations were found between meat consumption and consumption of vegetables, whole grains and legumes. In the nutrition model of children of people declaring a lack of nutritional knowledge, a strong positive correlation was also found between the consumption of fruit and vegetables (0.72), vegetables and meat (0.75), as well as nuts and milk (0.75). The consumption of sweets was strongly correlated with the consumption of fish, legumes and cold cuts, and negatively correlated with the consumption of whole grains, meat and nuts. The heat map shows a clearly higher consumption of sweets and cold cuts among children of people declaring a lack of nutritional knowledge.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Research confirms that parents' high nutritional knowledge is associated healthier food choices for their children.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"75 4","pages":"349-358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of senses in sensory integration in the context of child nutrition.","authors":"Anna Piotrowska, Eliza Kostyra, Rita Karaś","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/196996","DOIUrl":"10.32394/rpzh/196996","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing problem of sensory integration disorders indicates the need to understand the role of the senses in children's food acceptance and to use this knowledge to determine actions to reduce food selectivity and neophobic attitudes. The paper analyzed the current scientific literature data concerning the impact of sensory integration disorders on children's eating behaviors. The influence of multisensory experiences and sensory education in shaping the proper eating habits of children with sensory integration disorders was also discussed. The importance of educational programs in public institutions and programs dedicated to parents' children with sensory integration disorders was emphasized. Analysis of current scientific literature data regarding the research topic (databases: Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier) was performed. Analysis of literature data indicates that sensory integration disorders affect children's eating habits and increase the risk of food selectivity and neophobic behaviors. Sensory learning-based interventions increase children's engagement and facilitate the formation of proper eating habits. Sensory education programs should be interactive and tailored to the individual needs of children with sensory integration disorders. It is extremely important to support parents in increasing their theoretical and practical knowledge.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"75 4","pages":"313-321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143774359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial and antifungal activities of Moroccan wild edible plants selected based on ethnobotanical evidence.","authors":"Abdelghani Aboukhalaf, Youssef Lahlou, Adil Kalili, Sara Moujabbir, Jamila Elbiyad, Belkassem El Amraoui, Rekia Belahsen","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/192206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh/192206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the extensive literature focusing on identifying novel antimicrobials of plant origin, little work has been undertaken to examine the antimicrobial activity of wild edible plants.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current research aimed to determine the in vitro antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract of some common wild edible plants.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Disc diffusion and broth micro dilution methods were used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of extracts of <i>Mercurialis annua</i>, <i>Ziziphys lotus</i>, <i>Rubia peregrina</i>, <i>Origanum vulgare</i>, <i>Papaver rhoeas</i>, <i>Foeniculum vulgare</i>, and <i>Dysphania ambrosioides</i> against known human microorganisms' pathogens.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The result indicated that most of the extracts exhibited a range of <i>in vitro</i> growth inhibitory action against all bacterial strains and yeasts tested with inhibition zones ranging from 11 mm to 32 mm, MIC value ranging from 0.048 to 50 mg/ml and MBC and MFC values ranging from 0.048 to 100 mg/ml. Among the seven plant extracts tested, <i>O. vulgare</i> was the most effective showing high antimicrobial activity against all tested microbial strains. All plant extracts exhibited bactericidal activities against all the tested bacteria strains except for those of <i>R. peregrina</i>, <i>P. rhoeas</i> and <i>F. vulgare</i> which showed a bacteriostatic activity against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>Pseudomonas</i> sp. Antifungal activity was shown only by<i> O. vulgare</i>, <i>F. vulgare</i> and <i>D. ambrosioides</i> against both <i>C. albicans</i> and <i>C. neoformans</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight the potential of wild edible plants to control human pathogenic microbes and demonstrate that these plants could be used as starting points for the development of novel antimicrobial compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"75 3","pages":"229-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selected eating behaviors and the risk of orthorexia nervosa in a group of high school students.","authors":"Karolina Kozik, Beata Całyniuk","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/192744","DOIUrl":"10.32394/rpzh/192744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Orthorexia nervosa (ON), or the obsessive desire to eat only healthy foods, is closely linked to eating behaviors. Among adolescents, the risk of developing ON and its consequences, including weight loss and malnutrition, can be particularly significant due to the crucial impact of eating behaviors on an individual's psychophysical development.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the eating behaviors of high school students and the risk of ON.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Observational study was conducted using the PAPI method among 514 students aged 14-19, of which 59.3% (N=305) were female. The research tool was a proprietary, validated questionnaire that included the ORTO-15 test (cutoff score=35) and the BSQFVF. The questionnaire was used to assess the frequency of consumption of selected food products, the level of dietary fiber intake, the quantity and regularity of meals consumed, as well as other eating behaviors of the participants. The individual responses were then analyzed according to the risk of ON using correlation coefficients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of ON risk was found to be 32.1% (N=165). The percentage of individuals at risk of ON was higher among vegetarians. The results regarding the frequency of consumption of animal protein sources, dietary fiber intake, the number of meals and their regularity were similar in both the group at risk of ON and the group not at risk. Over 80% of individuals who never consumed bars, gummies, and candies were at risk of developing ON.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The risk of ON was higher among vegetarians. Individuals who excluded highly processed foods from their diet were more susceptible to developing ON.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"75 3","pages":"247-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to Mediterranean diet in Moroccan school-age adolescents: sociodemographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle determinants.","authors":"Halima Belaoufi, Sanaa El-Jamal, Khadija Sahel, Abdelghani Aboukhalaf, Firdaous Friki, Hamid Chamlal, Jamila Elbiyad, Soumaya Atouife, Abdellah El Habazi, Rekia Belahsen","doi":"10.32394/rpzh/194469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32394/rpzh/194469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite its benefits, the Mediterranean diet (MD) is abandoned or not adopted by the younger generations in most Mediterranean countries.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim here was to examine some factors determining adherence to MD in Moroccan school-age adolescents.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted in a school setting among 386 students (148 boys and 238 girls), aged 14 to 18 years, randomly selected and from different socioeconomic strata. A structured questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic, socioeconomic and lifestyle data. Physical activity was assessed using the short French version of the IPAQ questionnaire. The KIDMED test was used to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Weight, height and waist circumference were measured according to WHO standards. Body mass index (BMI) and waist�to-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated. Statistical ANOVA test was used for to compare multiple means, Student's t-test for independent samples, <i>Chi</i>² test for categorical variables and multinomial logistic regression analysis to identify factors associated with adherence to the MD amongst adolescents sample.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adherence to the MD in this population was very low, with nearly 53% having poor adherence and only 7.7% reporting optimal adherence. Multinomial regression analyses showed that poor adherence is correlated with female gender (p=0.042), low paternal education (p=0.004), limited number of meals (p=0.006), advanced age (p=0.005) and inadequate sleep duration (p=0.027). In contrast, better adherence appears to be correlated with a high number of meals per day (p<0.001) and a better socio-professional class of the father (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study revealed a low prevalence of good adherence to MD confirming a transition of the study adolescents towards a Westernized diet. Targeted nutritional intervention programs should be implemented to improve adherence to the MD among Moroccan adolescents, by promoting healthy eating habits.</p>","PeriodicalId":35951,"journal":{"name":"Roczniki Panstwowego Zakladu Higieny","volume":"75 3","pages":"261-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142883217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}