Stomatologiya最新文献

{"title":"[Clinical prospects of passive ultrasonic disinfection in endodontic practice].","authors":"V O Demidov, R R Gaynutdinova, O V Vinogradova, R R Gabidullin, D A Guseva","doi":"10.17116/stomat202610502165","DOIUrl":"10.17116/stomat202610502165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article analyzes the literature on the clinical significance of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). as a method of increasing the effectiveness of disinfection of the root canal system. The relevance of using PUI in the treatment of complex anatomical forms of root canals is substantiated. The physicohydrodynamic mechanism of action of PUI, which is based on acoustic streaming and cavitation, is discussed. This mechanism enhances the antimicrobial effect of irrigation solutions. Special attention is paid to the specifics of the use of various solutions - sodium hypochlorite, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and chlorhexidine. The advantage of PUI in removing biofilms and solid residues compared to non-activated irrigation is reflected. Data on reduced viability of Enterococcus faecalis, reduction of postoperative pain, and reduced need for analgesics when using PUI are presented. The influence of PUI on the bond strength of restoration materials with the dentin of the pulp chamber is considered. Data indicating potential complications such as perforations and maladaptation of the filling material are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"105 2","pages":"65-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147783793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Augmented reality in maxillofacial reconstructive surgery. (Literature review)].","authors":"I M Shpitser, A N Dunakaev, D D Klimov, O B Kulakov, D N Reshetov, E V Grigorieva","doi":"10.17116/stomat202610504171","DOIUrl":"10.17116/stomat202610504171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Augmented reality (AR) is gaining increasing relevance in maxillofacial reconstructive surgery by enabling the integration of digital preoperative planning into the real-time surgical field. This systematic review analyzes current studies on the use of AR in fibula osteotomies, perforator flap harvesting, auricular reconstruction, and zygomatic-orbital complex repair. Special attention is paid to hologram registration methods, types of devices (HMDs, tablets), and accuracy of virtual navigation. Key technical limitations are outlined, including image instability and depth perception issues. AR systems demonstrate comparable accuracy to CAD/CAM templates and offer additional advantages such as intraoperative plan adjustments without compromising sterility. The findings support the potential of AR as a tool for personalized surgical navigation, provided that current technological barriers are addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"105 4","pages":"71-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148713916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Experimental study of the primary stability of dental implants using different osteotomy protocols].","authors":"A A Kulakov, A T Begyan, E M Chernovol, S N Ermolev, I D Rumyantsev","doi":"10.17116/stomat20261050515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/stomat20261050515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the influence of an undersized drilling protocol on primary stability of «A2» dental implants in low-density D3-D4 bone using a comprehensive diagnostic approach.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An in vitro study was performed on two porcine vertebral bone macro-specimens and «Sawbones» polyurethane blocks of four densities. Density was assessed by shadow and echo-pulsed ultrasonographic densitometry. Two experimental models were created; in each, six implants of the A2 system were placed with dimensions of 3.5×6.6 mm (A6.6) and 3.5×11 mm (A11). In all cases, an undersized drilling protocol with subcrestal placement (1-2 mm) was applied. The osteotomy bed was prepared with a 2 mm pilot drill and a three-fluted bur, followed by a conical reamer. Implant placement was performed using the «W&H Implantmed Plus» physiodispenser with torque curve registration. Primary stability was assessed by resonance frequency analysis (ISQ) using the «Osstell Beacon»; implant position was verified by CBCT (Axeos, Dentsply Sirona). Statistics included mean, standard deviation (SD), 95% confidence intervals (CI) and coefficient of variation (CV).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In polyurethane blocks: shadow densitometry 952-1344 m/s; echo-pulsed ultrasonographic densitometry 1870-2674 m/s. In porcine bone, trabecular bone was 1408-1500 m/s and cortical up to 2303 m/s; the model corresponded to D3-D4 density. In group «A11», torque at placement was 31.67±4.80 N·cm, ISQ=81.92±1.12, torque at removal 37.00±4.43 N·cm; in «A6.6» -23.33±3.61; 71.83±7.22 and 22.33±6.19, respectively. Differences were statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The undersized drilling protocol provides high primary stability in low-density D3-D4 bone. Ultrasonic densitometry may serve as an additional objective method for assessing bone quality and selecting an appropriate drilling protocol to predict primary stability. A comprehensive diagnostic approach supports optimization of the surgical protocol and reduces the risk of early postoperative complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"105 5","pages":"5-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149246568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Prevalence of periodontal disease among adolescents in the Nenets autonomous area].","authors":"M A Gorbatova, A A Algazina, V A Popov, A M Grjibovski","doi":"10.17116/stomat202510401157","DOIUrl":"10.17116/stomat202510401157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the prevalence of periodontal disease (PD) among adolescents in the Nenets autonomous area (NAO).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 250 adolescents aged 15-17 years participated in a cross-sectional study as a part of State Assignment No. 056-00121-18-00 in the NAO. Periodontal status was assessed using a periodontal button probe. Results were presented as proportions for the prevalence and as arithmetic means for the number of affected sextants with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Categorical data were analyzed using chi-square tests, and discrete data were analyzed using Poisson regression. Risk ratios (RR) with CIs were calculated using robust standard errors to account for overdispersion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of PD was 38.8% (95% CI: 33.0-45.0). The prevalence of bleeding and calculus was 19.2% (95% CI: 14.8-24.5) and 28.4% (95% CI: 23.2-34.3), respectively. The mean number of sextants was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.73-1.10), while the mean number of sextants with bleeding was 0.37 (95% CI: 0.25-0.49), and with calculus was 0.57 (95% CI: 0.42-0.71) Girls had fewer affected sextants (RR=0.61 (95% CI: 0.41-0.91)). The number of affected sextants among the Nenets was twice as high compared to the Russians (RR=2.07 (95% CI: 1.14-3.76)). Urban residents had fewer affected sextants than rural residents (RR=0.38 (95% CI: 0.18-0.80)). Seventeen-year-olds had twice as many affected sextants as the 15-year-olds (RR=1.94 (95% CI: 1.09-3.46)).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the study can be used to develop effective dental preventive programs considering the socio-demographic characteristics of adolescents in the NAO.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"104 1","pages":"57-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Characteristics of the functional state of the masticatory muscles in patients with hemifacial microsomy at the stages of complex treatment].","authors":"A V Serdichenko, O I Arsenina, I V Pogabalo, A V Khachieva, N V Popova, A V Popova, Y P Skochek","doi":"10.17116/stomat202510405129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/stomat202510405129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify the relationship between functional changes in the masticatory muscles and the severity of hypoplasia of the mandibular branch in patients with hemifacial microsomy (HFM) at the stages of complex treatment. <b>Materials and methods.</b> Clinical X-ray examination and electromyographic examination of the masticatory muscles were performed before and at the stages of complex treatment of 32 patients with HFM aged 5-18 years (average age 12 years). Orthodontic treatment of patients was performed using removable plate devices (26), non-removable expanders (14), and the Damon self-ligating bracket system (Ormco, USA)(12) with sequential arc change. According to the indications, orthodontic mini screws Turbo (Russia) were used(8). Correctors were used for gnat training (35). In the retention period, non-removable retainers were used in the anterior part of the dentition, at night - a Corrector device, or removable plate devices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Functional disorders of the masticatory and facial muscles and their relationship with the degree of damage to the condyle of the mandible were revealed. During orthodontic treatment, the shape and size of the dental arches are normalized. With the use of gnathotraining, an increase in the amplitude of the biopotentials of the masticatory muscles was found to a greater extent in patients in groups 1, 2A, to a lesser extent in group 2B, and minimal in group 3.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The technique of complex rehabilitation of patients with hemifacial microsomia, including gnathotherapy, improves the biopotential of the masticatory muscles and the circular muscle of the mouth on the affected side and the asymmetry coefficient of the average BEA on the healthy-affected sides, which in turn prevents the development and aggravation of occlusion abnormalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"104 5","pages":"29-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145423099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Application of surface electromyography in patients with functional disorders of the masticatory muscles].","authors":"F F Losev, P N Geletin, A I Nikolaev, M S Kotik, S V Tekucheva, P V Loputneva","doi":"10.17116/stomat202510404183","DOIUrl":"10.17116/stomat202510404183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the results of surface electromyography in patients with functional disorders of the masticatory muscles at all stages of complex therapy and to demonstrate the need for the introduction of a generally accepted comprehensive approach to the examination and treatment of patients with this pathology.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>EMG studies were conducted in 127 patients of both sexes aged 35 to 54 years, who were divided into 2 groups. The first (control group) consisted of 20 patients without signs of functional disorders in the masticatory muscles. The second (main) group included 107 patients of both sexes with functional disorders in the masticatory muscles. The examination was carried out using a portable electromyograph \"Synapsis\" (Neurotech), adapted for dental purposes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The application of surface electromyography in patients with functional disorders of the masticatory muscles revealed statistically significant differences in the values of the compared indices. EMG allowed for a visual assessment of the work of the masticatory musculature based on the results of qualitative and quantitative indicators of the bioelectrical activity of the masticatory muscles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Performing surface EMG at all stages of rehabilitation is of undeniable value as the most accessible and informative method for diagnosing neuromuscular disorders in patients with increased tooth wear and masticatory muscle dysfunction, which improves the quality of orthopedic treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"104 4","pages":"83-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The features and clinical applications of the buccal fat pad in patients with cleft palate].","authors":"V A Pavlovich, F F Losev, L V Ageeva","doi":"10.17116/stomat202510404149","DOIUrl":"10.17116/stomat202510404149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Improving the effectiveness of primary surgery of uranoplasty and re-reconstruction of the palate in patients with cleft palate through the use of an axial flap of the fat body of the cheek.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In the period from 2023-2024, 41 patients with cleft palate aged from 1 to 19 years were operated on. Of these, 28 people had a flap of the cheek fat body used in risk groups during primary uranoplasty (group 1) and in 13 patients to eliminate postoperative palate defects of various localization and extent (group 2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In patients of group 1, healing of the postoperative wound by primary tension was noted. The result of the operation was a movable palate, rising and remaining in ascent with phonation with a pronounced pharyngeal reflex. In 12 patients of group 2, the integrity of the palate was completely restored. In one patient, the size of the defect decreased from 2.0×1.8 cm to 0.2×0.2 cm. There were no complications associated with the mobilization of a fat flap or a donor site in any patient.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of an axial flap is a reliable, simple and convenient method of treating and preventing defects of the hard and soft palate in patients with cleft lip and palate, which reduces the risk of defects during primary surgery and increases the percentage of successful reconstruction during repeated operations. Due to its unique properties, this flap increases the survival of the mucous-periosteal flaps, and in cases of tissue deficiency it can serve as the only substitute for the oral mucosa.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"104 4","pages":"49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of the oral health-related quality of life among school children and young adults before and after orthodontic treatment].","authors":"V E Tikhonov, L V Abolyan, V M Grinin, A V Sevbitov, A S Garaeva, M A Garaev","doi":"10.17116/stomat202510402154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/stomat202510402154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among school children and young adults before and 6 months after orthodontic treatment.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 83 school children from 7 to 17 years old, and 190 young adults from 18 to 44 years old. The OHIP-14 questionnaire was used to assess OHRQoL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the school children enrolled in the study, children of primary and secondary school age 7-15 years (88.0%) prevailed, and among adults - people aged 18-29 years (70.5%). More than two thirds of the patients, both among school children and adults, were female. The self-assessment of OHRQoL given by adults was significantly worse than the assessment given by school children. Before orthodontic treatment, children and adults suffered the most from the components of OHRQoL associated with social and psychological distress: «psychological discomfort», «psychological disability» and «social disability». Adult patients also reported «physical pain». There was a significant improvement in OHRQoL, both among children and adults, 6 months after completion of orthodontic treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The data obtained in the study can be used in the organization, planning and evaluation of the results of orthodontic treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"104 2","pages":"54-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Complex electrical resistance of teeth and its role in electrical sensitivity testing].","authors":"T A Amoev, A G Volkov, N Zh Dikopova, V M Grinin, A M Panin, N A Volkov","doi":"10.17116/stomat202510402111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/stomat202510402111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>The objective: </strong>Was to study the effect of complex electrical resistance of teeth on the electrical sensitivity testing values.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study of complex electrical resistance during electrical sensitivity testing was carried out in 70 patients aged 18 to 57 years. Males made up 48.6% and females 51.4%. A total of 254 teeth were examined. All the examined teeth had mature roots; 65 teeth were intact, 52 had previously been treated for caries, 38 teeth had dentine caries, 33 were diagnosed with pulpitis, 21 with periodontitis, 45 teeth had previously undergone endodontic treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The main contribution to the complex electrical resistance during electrical sensitivity testing is made by the condition of the hard tissues of the teeth. In intact teeth, the impedance modulus was 3148±236.8. In the teeth where caries was treated, the impedance modulus was 2675±327.4 kOhm. In case of caries, i.e. when the active electrode was placed on the dentine of the tooth during the study, the module of complex electrical resistance decreased to 852±445.3 kOhm. The lowest values of the impedance modulus were in cases when the active electrode was located at the bottom of the tooth cavity, in the mouths of the root canals of teeth that had not previously undergone endodontic treatment, with pulpitis and periodontitis. Its values were 294±121.5 kOhm. In teeth with previously sealed root canals, the complex electrical resistance was 1253±297.8 kOhm.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the study showed that the module of complex electrical resistance, and, consequently, the electrical conductivity of tooth tissues during electrical sensitivity testing, can be in a wide range. These circumstances should be considered when choosing a technique for conducting electrical sensitivity testing in specific clinical situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"104 2","pages":"11-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical and morphological features of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor of the mandible in early childhood].","authors":"N S Alekseeva, A M Maibogin, I A Ovchinnikov, M A Lomaka, I I Babichenko","doi":"10.17116/stomat202510402172","DOIUrl":"10.17116/stomat202510402172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article presents a literature review and a clinical case of an adenomatoid odontogenic tumor in a 3-year-old child. After the surgical treatment, an morphological and immunohistochemical (with antibodies to Ki-67, CK7, CK 14 and CK 18) studies of the remote material were performed. The histological features of the neoplasm are shown, and its origin from the odontogenic epithelium is substantiated.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"104 2","pages":"72-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}