Stomatologiya最新文献

{"title":"[Prevalence of periodontal disease among adolescents in the Nenets autonomous area].","authors":"M A Gorbatova, A A Algazina, V A Popov, A M Grjibovski","doi":"10.17116/stomat202510401157","DOIUrl":"10.17116/stomat202510401157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the prevalence of periodontal disease (PD) among adolescents in the Nenets autonomous area (NAO).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 250 adolescents aged 15-17 years participated in a cross-sectional study as a part of State Assignment No. 056-00121-18-00 in the NAO. Periodontal status was assessed using a periodontal button probe. Results were presented as proportions for the prevalence and as arithmetic means for the number of affected sextants with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Categorical data were analyzed using chi-square tests, and discrete data were analyzed using Poisson regression. Risk ratios (RR) with CIs were calculated using robust standard errors to account for overdispersion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of PD was 38.8% (95% CI: 33.0-45.0). The prevalence of bleeding and calculus was 19.2% (95% CI: 14.8-24.5) and 28.4% (95% CI: 23.2-34.3), respectively. The mean number of sextants was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.73-1.10), while the mean number of sextants with bleeding was 0.37 (95% CI: 0.25-0.49), and with calculus was 0.57 (95% CI: 0.42-0.71) Girls had fewer affected sextants (RR=0.61 (95% CI: 0.41-0.91)). The number of affected sextants among the Nenets was twice as high compared to the Russians (RR=2.07 (95% CI: 1.14-3.76)). Urban residents had fewer affected sextants than rural residents (RR=0.38 (95% CI: 0.18-0.80)). Seventeen-year-olds had twice as many affected sextants as the 15-year-olds (RR=1.94 (95% CI: 1.09-3.46)).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the study can be used to develop effective dental preventive programs considering the socio-demographic characteristics of adolescents in the NAO.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"104 1","pages":"57-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of the oral health-related quality of life among school children and young adults before and after orthodontic treatment].","authors":"V E Tikhonov, L V Abolyan, V M Grinin, A V Sevbitov, A S Garaeva, M A Garaev","doi":"10.17116/stomat202510402154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/stomat202510402154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among school children and young adults before and 6 months after orthodontic treatment.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 83 school children from 7 to 17 years old, and 190 young adults from 18 to 44 years old. The OHIP-14 questionnaire was used to assess OHRQoL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the school children enrolled in the study, children of primary and secondary school age 7-15 years (88.0%) prevailed, and among adults - people aged 18-29 years (70.5%). More than two thirds of the patients, both among school children and adults, were female. The self-assessment of OHRQoL given by adults was significantly worse than the assessment given by school children. Before orthodontic treatment, children and adults suffered the most from the components of OHRQoL associated with social and psychological distress: «psychological discomfort», «psychological disability» and «social disability». Adult patients also reported «physical pain». There was a significant improvement in OHRQoL, both among children and adults, 6 months after completion of orthodontic treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The data obtained in the study can be used in the organization, planning and evaluation of the results of orthodontic treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"104 2","pages":"54-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Complex electrical resistance of teeth and its role in electrical sensitivity testing].","authors":"T A Amoev, A G Volkov, N Zh Dikopova, V M Grinin, A M Panin, N A Volkov","doi":"10.17116/stomat202510402111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/stomat202510402111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>The objective: </strong>Was to study the effect of complex electrical resistance of teeth on the electrical sensitivity testing values.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study of complex electrical resistance during electrical sensitivity testing was carried out in 70 patients aged 18 to 57 years. Males made up 48.6% and females 51.4%. A total of 254 teeth were examined. All the examined teeth had mature roots; 65 teeth were intact, 52 had previously been treated for caries, 38 teeth had dentine caries, 33 were diagnosed with pulpitis, 21 with periodontitis, 45 teeth had previously undergone endodontic treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The main contribution to the complex electrical resistance during electrical sensitivity testing is made by the condition of the hard tissues of the teeth. In intact teeth, the impedance modulus was 3148±236.8. In the teeth where caries was treated, the impedance modulus was 2675±327.4 kOhm. In case of caries, i.e. when the active electrode was placed on the dentine of the tooth during the study, the module of complex electrical resistance decreased to 852±445.3 kOhm. The lowest values of the impedance modulus were in cases when the active electrode was located at the bottom of the tooth cavity, in the mouths of the root canals of teeth that had not previously undergone endodontic treatment, with pulpitis and periodontitis. Its values were 294±121.5 kOhm. In teeth with previously sealed root canals, the complex electrical resistance was 1253±297.8 kOhm.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the study showed that the module of complex electrical resistance, and, consequently, the electrical conductivity of tooth tissues during electrical sensitivity testing, can be in a wide range. These circumstances should be considered when choosing a technique for conducting electrical sensitivity testing in specific clinical situations.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"104 2","pages":"11-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical and morphological features of adenomatoid odontogenic tumor of the mandible in early childhood].","authors":"N S Alekseeva, A M Maibogin, I A Ovchinnikov, M A Lomaka, I I Babichenko","doi":"10.17116/stomat202510402172","DOIUrl":"10.17116/stomat202510402172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article presents a literature review and a clinical case of an adenomatoid odontogenic tumor in a 3-year-old child. After the surgical treatment, an morphological and immunohistochemical (with antibodies to Ki-67, CK7, CK 14 and CK 18) studies of the remote material were performed. The histological features of the neoplasm are shown, and its origin from the odontogenic epithelium is substantiated.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"104 2","pages":"72-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Application of surface electromyography in patients with functional disorders of the masticatory muscles].","authors":"F F Losev, P N Geletin, A I Nikolaev, M S Kotik, S V Tekucheva, P V Loputneva","doi":"10.17116/stomat202510404183","DOIUrl":"10.17116/stomat202510404183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the results of surface electromyography in patients with functional disorders of the masticatory muscles at all stages of complex therapy and to demonstrate the need for the introduction of a generally accepted comprehensive approach to the examination and treatment of patients with this pathology.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>EMG studies were conducted in 127 patients of both sexes aged 35 to 54 years, who were divided into 2 groups. The first (control group) consisted of 20 patients without signs of functional disorders in the masticatory muscles. The second (main) group included 107 patients of both sexes with functional disorders in the masticatory muscles. The examination was carried out using a portable electromyograph \"Synapsis\" (Neurotech), adapted for dental purposes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The application of surface electromyography in patients with functional disorders of the masticatory muscles revealed statistically significant differences in the values of the compared indices. EMG allowed for a visual assessment of the work of the masticatory musculature based on the results of qualitative and quantitative indicators of the bioelectrical activity of the masticatory muscles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Performing surface EMG at all stages of rehabilitation is of undeniable value as the most accessible and informative method for diagnosing neuromuscular disorders in patients with increased tooth wear and masticatory muscle dysfunction, which improves the quality of orthopedic treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"104 4","pages":"83-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The features and clinical applications of the buccal fat pad in patients with cleft palate].","authors":"V A Pavlovich, F F Losev, L V Ageeva","doi":"10.17116/stomat202510404149","DOIUrl":"10.17116/stomat202510404149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Improving the effectiveness of primary surgery of uranoplasty and re-reconstruction of the palate in patients with cleft palate through the use of an axial flap of the fat body of the cheek.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In the period from 2023-2024, 41 patients with cleft palate aged from 1 to 19 years were operated on. Of these, 28 people had a flap of the cheek fat body used in risk groups during primary uranoplasty (group 1) and in 13 patients to eliminate postoperative palate defects of various localization and extent (group 2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In patients of group 1, healing of the postoperative wound by primary tension was noted. The result of the operation was a movable palate, rising and remaining in ascent with phonation with a pronounced pharyngeal reflex. In 12 patients of group 2, the integrity of the palate was completely restored. In one patient, the size of the defect decreased from 2.0×1.8 cm to 0.2×0.2 cm. There were no complications associated with the mobilization of a fat flap or a donor site in any patient.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of an axial flap is a reliable, simple and convenient method of treating and preventing defects of the hard and soft palate in patients with cleft lip and palate, which reduces the risk of defects during primary surgery and increases the percentage of successful reconstruction during repeated operations. Due to its unique properties, this flap increases the survival of the mucous-periosteal flaps, and in cases of tissue deficiency it can serve as the only substitute for the oral mucosa.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"104 4","pages":"49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Melanoma of the maxillary sinus mucosa].","authors":"M Yu Beteeva, I A Zaderenko, K S Mkrtchyan, A A Muraev","doi":"10.17116/stomat202510402182","DOIUrl":"10.17116/stomat202510402182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The article presents an overview of the intermediate results of treatment for maxillary sinus melanoma in a 66-year-old patient. The importance of timely diagnosis and active surgical tactics for achieving the best survival results up to 5 years is noted. After further examination, the diagnosis was confirmed, the patient underwent genomic sequencing of the tumor tissue biopsy, which revealed a BRAF mutation. In this regard, adjuvant therapy was prescribed according to the dabrafenib+trametinib regimen. It was noted that this rare pathology requires careful study, monitoring of clinical outcomes and features of surgical tactics, considering the multifocal nature of the tumor and its high aggressiveness in comparison with the cutaneous form. In the future, the possibility of surgical intervention is discussed, extensive resection is considered, the expected volume, which can reach the removal of both soft tissue and bone structures up to resection of a part of the lower wall of the orbit.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"104 2","pages":"82-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Application of BMP-2 for bone regeneration in osteoporosis].","authors":"V S Kuznetsova, V A Sinelnikova, A V Vasilyev","doi":"10.17116/stomat2025104031101","DOIUrl":"10.17116/stomat2025104031101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review considers the potential use of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) for bone regeneration in osteoporosis. Studies on the effect of BMP-2 on bone regeneration in vitro and in vivo are analysed. The results of clinical application of osteoinducers and possible complications are described.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"104 3","pages":"101-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Method for determining the activity of a galvanic cell in galvanic syndrome and diseases of the oral mucosa].","authors":"A G Volkov, N Zh Dikopova, V M Grinin, S N Razumova, N A Volkov, G E Amanatidi","doi":"10.17116/stomat202510403121","DOIUrl":"10.17116/stomat202510403121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>The objective: </strong>Of this work is to study the effectiveness of a method for determining the activity of a galvanic cell in the absence and presence of galvanic syndrome and diseases of the oral mucosa, the development of which may be associated with the irritating effect of direct electric current.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Three groups of 50 patients were examined. All patients had at least 2 metal structures in the oral cavity. The first group consisted of patients without diseases of the oral mucosa and the absence of complaints specific to galvanic syndrome. The second group included patients without signs of pathological changes in the oral mucosa but with complaints are specific to galvanic syndrome. The third group consisted of patients with diseases of oral mucosa, the development of which could be due to the irritating effect of direct electric current. The electrochemical potential of each metal structure was determined and the difference between the potential obtained was calculated to detect metal structures that could form a galvanic pair. To determine the activity of a galvanic cell formed by galvanic vapors, the hydrogen index of the gingival fluid in the area of these structures was determined.</p><p><strong>The results of the study: </strong>The difference in the electrochemical potentials of metal structures in the studied groups had no statistically significant differences (<i>p</i>>0.05) and amounted to: 129±24.7 mV in the first group, 138±35.3 mV in the second, 135±19.8 mV in the third. In the first group, 92% of patients had no significant difference in the hydrogen parameters of gingival fluid near pairs of metal structures (<i>p</i>>0.05). The hydrogen values were 6.6±0.26 at the cathode and 6.9±0.35 at the anode. In the second group, 88% of patients showed significant credible differences (<i>p</i><0.05) in the hydrogen parameters of the gingival fluid near metal structures, at the cathode - 7.9±0.42, and at the anode - 6.3±0.31. In the third group, 86% of patients also showed a high difference in the hydrogen parameters of the gingival fluid near metal structures, at the cathode - 7.8±0.29, at the anode - 6.3±0.22 (<i>p</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A method for detecting the activity of a galvanic element in the oral cavity, which consists in measuring the hydrogen parameters of the gingival fluid near metal structures forming a galvanic pair, allows you to objectively assess whether the galvanic element is in a passive or active state. In the absence of galvanic syndrome and diseases of the oral mucosa, the detection rate of active galvanic cells was only 8%, wwhile in the presence of galvanic syndrome it was 88%, and in diseases of the oral mucosa it was 86%.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"104 3","pages":"21-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Dynamics of PCR diagnostic indicators after photodynamic treatment].","authors":"F F Losev, E K Krechina, E N Nikolaeva, A V Myagkova","doi":"10.17116/stomat202510404122","DOIUrl":"10.17116/stomat202510404122","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis by PDT method based on PCR diagnostic data.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A clinical and laboratory study and treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity was conducted in 30 people (16 men and 14 women) aged 35 to 55 years without somatic pathology with orthognathic bite diagnosed according to ICD-10 K05.3. Complex treatment consisted of oral sanitation, removal of dental plaque and curettage of periodontal pockets followed by photodynamic therapy (4 sessions of 10 minutes each). Bacteriological examination was performed before and after PDT. The test material was collected from inflammation sites in the gingival sulcus area and from periodontal pocket areas. DNA determination of <i>Prevotella intermedia</i>, <i>Tannerella forsythia</i> (<i>Bacteroides forsythus</i>), <i>Treponema denticola</i>, <i>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans</i> (<i>Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans</i>) and <i>Porphyromonas gingivalis</i> was performed using the reagent kit Multident-5 by the method of accelerated sample preparation using reagents manufactured by Genlab LLC in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. The results were assessed by a semi-quantitative method (in points from 0 to 4).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to PCR diagnostics, a positive trend was observed in patients after PDT treatment. The decrease in the frequency of <i>A. actinomycetemcomitans</i> DNA detection after treatment was not statistically significant. At the same time, <i>A. actinomycetemcomitans</i> was identified in 17 (85%), after therapy in 15 (80%) indivisuals. The frequency of <i>P. intermedia</i> detection after therapy decreased from 15 (40%) to 0 (0%) cases. The frequency of <i>P. gingivalis</i> DNA detection decreased by 1.4 times: from 18 (90%) cases before treatment to 13 (65%) after treatment. One month after PDT, the frequency of <i>P. gingivalis</i> DNA detection decreased by 2 times, and after 3 months by 1.4 times. <i>T. forsythia</i> was detected before treatment in all patients, after treatment in 18 cases (90%). One month after PDT, it decreased significantly and was completely eliminated, which remained the case after 3 months. <i>T. denticola</i> was detected in 16 (80%) patients before treatment and in 14 (70%) people after treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PDT resulted in a significant reduction in the bacterial load in patients with moderate chronic generalized periodontitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":35887,"journal":{"name":"Stomatologiya","volume":"104 4","pages":"22-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144972270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}