Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Frontal electroencephalogram α-asymmetry during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in women with premenstrual syndrome","authors":"M. El-Gharib, A. Mahfouz, M. Mohamed","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.153515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.153515","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) that causes significant distress and interferes with normal functioning. Aim: The aim of this work was to assess the resting frontal electroencephalographic patterns in females who meet criteria for PMS and PMDD. Subjects and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 150 female participants, of which 145 had PMS, and 45 were control women. All cases were counseled about the procedure. Furthermore, a written consent was taken from every patient. Cases were asked about their current phase of the cycle, in order to determine cycle timing. The custom PMDD interview involved asking each woman a series of questions concerning PMDD symptoms. This structured interview was created from the DSM-IV-TR criteria for PMDD. Women with PMDD were asked to complete a daily symptom rating checklist for three consecutive cycles. The ensuing methods were undertaken for each patient, including history taking, general, local and fundus examination, and routine investigations, and were submitted to resting electroencephalogram (EEG) examination during both follicular and luteal phases of the cycle. Results: Seventy percent of women with PMS and 75% of women with PMDD exhibited left frontal activity at rest, during the luteal phase of the cycle (P <0.001). Conclusions: We concluded that resting luteal phase of EEG frontal asymmetry must be added to the research criteria for PMDD (DSM-IV-TR).","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129537137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral manifestations of menopause","authors":"Kamal Shigli, P. Giri","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.153514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.153514","url":null,"abstract":"Oral health is an integral part of general health. Menopausal period has an important role in the reproductive life of a woman and gives rise to many physical and mental problems. The oral manifestations may vary for each patient in the form of burning mouth syndrome, xerostomia, mucosal changes, neurological disorders, osteoporosis, periodontitis, and eating disorders. As is the case in many developing countries like India, it is difficult for women to obtain access to healthcare services, as a result of a dearth of trained health care professionals at the grass root level and the specialized sector. It is the dentist′s responsibility to treat them with care and refer postmenopausal women to a gynecologist for medical intervention, if necessary. This review attempts to provide an insight into the oral manifestations of menopause. Various internet based popular search engines were used to explore data from literature, which includes PubMed, PubMed Central, Google Scholar, Medknow, and Science Direct. Search was made using the key-word combinations \"menopause\"; and \"oral manifestations\" were used. The search was limited to reviews, meta-analyses and assorted clinical reports were retrieved and evaluated. A total of 40 publications were evaluated for this article.","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121051725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of raloxifene hydrochloride on bone mineral density and serum lipids in Kuwaiti postmenopausal women with osteoporosis","authors":"Ibrahim Anwar Abdelazim, Mohannad Abu Faza, H. Ayash","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.153518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.153518","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Osteoporosis is currently a major cause of mortality, morbidity, and medical expense worldwide. Aim: This study was designed to detect the effect of raloxifene hydrochloride on bone mineral density (BMD) and serum lipids in Kuwaiti postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Subjects and Methods: Eighty postmenopausal women, who received raloxifene 60 mg with calcium 500 mg and 200 IU Vitamin D daily for 2 years were included in this prospective study which was conducted from August 2011 to August 2013 after informed consent and approval of the study by hospital ethical committee. BMD measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and serum lipids were assessed before and after the treatment to detect the effect of raloxifene on BMD and on serum lipids. Unpaired t-test was used to compare lumbar spine, total hip BMD and serum lipid values before and after the raloxifene treatment. Results: Lumbar spine and total hip BMD were significantly increased from 0.92 (3.8) and − 0.83 (5.6); respectively before treatment to 3.21 (5.4) and 1.62 (7.4); respectively 2 years after treatment. Also, Ward`s triangle and trochanter BMD were significantly increased from 1.53 (6.6) and − 1.4 (6.4); respectively to 4.84 (9.3) and 1.78 (8.5); respectively. Total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly decreased from 5.15 (4.5) and 3.82 (4.6) mmol/L; respectively before treatment to 3.57 (3.4) and 2.56 (3.7) mmol/L; respectively 2 years after treatment. While, changes in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides after treatment were statistically insignificant. Conclusions: Raloxifene appears to be an effective, well tolerated option for treating osteoporosis in Kuwaiti postmenopausal women, suitable for long term use with favorable effect on serum lipid profiles.","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"2014 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129606754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender issues in the management of infertility in developing countries","authors":"N. Ifeanyi","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.153512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.153512","url":null,"abstract":"Infertility and subfertility are a spectrum of diseases encountered globally. It has been estimated that up to 15% of couples experience difficulty in conceiving after 12 months of regular unprotected healthy sexual intercourse.[1] Regular healthy sexual intercourse has no precise definition but is considered when intercourse occurs at least two to three times a week, associated with a conventional erection, penetration, and ejaculation, and devoid of dyspareunia. It is of immense concern that the scourge of infertility is ravaging individuals in resource‐poor settings. Poverty, ignorance, decadence, and distinctive sociocultural background play prominent roles, in this circumstance. Culture as a system of beliefs and values critically affects overall behaviors, including also sexual activity, perceptions, and attitudes towards infertility.[2] The sociocultural diversities have almost always been detrimental to women in developing countries. For instance, despite all efforts to prevent gender discrimination, including constitutional amendments, the issue of male heritage has become morbidly adherent in the mind of even the highly educated citizens in Nigeria.[3] Gender critically affects perceptions of infertility and requires urgent and adequate consideration, especially in developing countries.","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129995776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of menopausal symptoms during perimenopause and postmenopause in tertiary care hospital","authors":"Marya Ahsan, A. Mallick, Rashmi Singh, R. Prasad","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.153516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.153516","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Issues related to menopausal symptoms are very complicated in terms of experience, severity, and dynamics of the symptoms. Studies have shown that these symptoms vary among individuals depending on the menopausal stage, ethnicity, geographical location, and other factors.  Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) is an effective tool to assess the severity of these symptoms. Aim: This study was done to compare the frequency and severity of menopausal symptoms during peri- and postmenopause using the MRS. Subjects and Methods: Ninety-two perimenopausal women and 95 postmenopausal women who attended Gynecology out patient department ( OPD) for treatment of menopausal complaints were assessed using the MRS questionnaire before starting therapy. Informed consent and ethics committee clearance was obtained prior to the study. Response was recorded and statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 17.0 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA). Result: The mean total MRS score was comparable in both the groups. The mean psychological score was significantly higher in perimenopausal group in comparison to postmenopausal group (P<0.01). The mean urogenital score was higher in postmenopausal women (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Fatigue, depression, anxiety, hot flashes, and sexual disturbances were the common symptoms that appeared first during the perimenopausal phase. As the age advanced and women progressed in the postmenopausal stage, the psychological symptoms of depression, irritability, and sleep disturbances decreased; while the urogenital symptoms, fatigue, and generalized body ache became more prominent.","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131434090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of magnesium sulfate in prolonging the analgesic effect of spinal bupivacaine for cesarean section in severe preeclamptics","authors":"Sumanta Ghosh Maulik, A. Chaudhuri, S. Mallick, Arun K. Ghosh, Debashis Saha, Bikash Bisui","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.153521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.153521","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Magnesium sulfate, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist, has both analgesic and sedative properties. Aim: The aim was to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of perioperative intravenous (i.v) magnesium sulfate in severe preeclamptic patients scheduled for cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. Subjects and Methods: A double blind prospective randomized controlled study was designed conducted on 80 patients randomly allocated into two equal groups (n = 40) to receive either bupivacaine heavy intrathecally - Group B (control group) or bupivacaine heavy intrathecally along with i.v magnesium sulfate - Group BM (study group). Magnesium sulfate 40 mg/kg diluted in 100 ml of normal saline was administered over 15 min about 30 min prior to surgery followed by continuous infusion at the rate of 10 mg/kg/h for the next 24 h while the other group received similar volume of normal saline in the same manner. Intraoperatively, patients were monitored for hemodynamic perturbations, respiratory rate, urine output, Apgar score, uterine tonicity, and any other adverse effects. Postoperatively, duration of analgesia, number of rescue analgesics, signs of any magnesium toxicity, and incidence of postpartum eclampsia in the first 24 h were recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16. Results: At different time intervals, patients in Group BM had less pain than Group B when compared on visual analog scale. Patients in Group BM were significantly more sedated as compared to Group B patients. None of the patients demonstrated bradycardia, hypotensive episodes, hypoxia, or hypoventilation in the postoperative period in the recovery room. There was no significant respiratory depression, Apgar score was comparable, and uterine tonicity was adequate in both the groups. Postoperatively, time required for first analgesic dose was significantly more in Group BM 270 (35.1) min than Group B 223 (31.4) min. There was a significant decrease in total rescue analgesic requirement in Group BM 2.5 (0.4) compared to Group B 3.6 (0.4). Incidence of postpartum eclampsia in study group (one patient) was less than the control group (four patients). Conclusion: Preoperative i.v magnesium sulfate, in severe preeclampsia not only reduces the probability of developing peripartum eclampsia, but also significantly prolongs the duration of analgesia and reduces postoperative analgesic consumption without any significant side effects.","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126043620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitude, and healthcare-seeking behavior towards dysmenorrhea among female students of a private university in Ogun State, Nigeria","authors":"A. Farotimi, J. Esike, C. Nwozichi, T. Ojediran, F. Ojewole","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.153524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.153524","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dysmenorrhea, especially when it is severe, has been associated with a restriction of activity and absence from school or work. Despite this substantial effect on their quality of life and general wellbeing, few women and adolescents with dysmenorrhea seek treatment as they believe it would not help. Aim: The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and healthcare-seeking behavior towards dysmenorrhea among female students of a Private University in Ogun State, Nigeria. Subjects and Methods: Using a descriptive study design, 315 female students were randomly selected to participate in the study. Participants were given structured questionnaire to complete. Data collected were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 16.0 and were presented in tables reporting frequency counts and percentages. Statistical significant tests were conducted using chi-square. Result: Dysmenorrhea was reported in 78.1% (242/310) with majority ignoring the pain. Less than average 40.6% (126/310) of the participants had high knowledge about dysmenorrhea and 63.5% (197/310) had negative attitude towards dysmenorrhea. Major effects of dysmenorrhea included restriction from physical activities in 77.2% (187/242) and social withdrawal in 59.1% (143/242). Findings revealed a statistically significant relationship between the age of respondents and their healthcare-seeking behavior towards dysmenorrhea (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Findings from this study indicate the need to design regular reproductive health programs for female undergraduates including information on how to monitor and manage menstrual problems.","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128247003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monthly Pattern and Distribution of Births in a Teaching Institution of Northern India","authors":"S. Sachdeva, R. Sachdeva, S. Nanda","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.140053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.140053","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Seasonality in frequency of birth is a world-wide phenomenon that reflect behavioral and biological determinant of reproduction. Aim: To assess pattern of birth occurring in a medical college hospital according to calendar months. Materials and Methods: Log books of delivery room were retrieved and all singleton live births occurring in each month for the calendar years 2002-2009 (8-year) was extracted. Data collection was carried out by the investigators during the period February-April 2010 and data management using software statistical package. Analysis was carried out by calculating average birth per month for the period under study and standard index as well as quarter-wise details was also tabulated. Result: It was observed that there was a progressive rise in total number of births occurring in the hospital from 5840 (avg. 486.66/month) from the year 2002 to 8205 (avg. 683.75/month) in 2009. Maximum birth occurred during the months of August (avg. 774/month) followed by September (avg. 735/month) and October (avg. 705/month) respectively and least in the month of April (avg. 445/month) with a P<0.05. Quarter (q) wise distribution showed maximum birth during q3 (July-September=30%) followed by q4 (October- December=27%), q2 (April-June=22%) and q1 (January-March=21%) respectively. Conclusion: It can be concluded that peak birth in the months of August-September-October as observed in present study implying that there is increased conception during the winter months of December-January-February. Within study limitations, findings may facilitate advocacy, counseling, planning and delivery of family welfare service in a more efficient and effective manner particularly related to mobilization of human resource, inventory control, logistics, streamlining family planning services at institutional and community level keeping in mind the monthly pattern of hospital deliveries.","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132438591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Vitamin E on Ameliorating Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta‑analysis","authors":"Roghieh Kharaghani, Masumeh Mohajer Rahbari, A. Keramat, M. Mirmohammadkhani, Masoomeh Yallanghach","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.140037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.140037","url":null,"abstract":"Dysmenorrhea or painful menstruation is one of the most common problems of women. Using systematic review and meta‑analysis, this study aimed to determine the effect of vitamin E on ameliorating the intensity of pain of primary dysmenorrhea. Available databases comprising PubMed, Google Scholar, ISI, Science Direct, SID, Iran Medex, and Magiran were searched to find relevant papers. Clinical trials with the aim of the effect of vitamin E on pain reduction of primary dysmenorrhea were selected. Two independent reviewers assessed the quality of studies and extracted the necessary data. Three studies were eligible for meta‑analysis. The meta‑analysis of these studies showed that vitamin E (with or without mefenamic acid), could reduce the intensity of pain about 7% (95% CI: 2-30%). Based on these studies, vitamin E can reduce the intensity of primary dysmenorrhea. Keywords : Complimentary medicine, dysmenorrhea, vitamin E","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117318022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of low-dose ketamine (preemptive dose) on postcesarean section pain relief","authors":"F. Milani, K. Haryalchi, S. Sharami, R. Faraji, M. Asgharnia, F. Salamat, S. Hashemi","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.140070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.140070","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Postsurgical pain is the main cause of anxiety in patients; therefore, analgesics (adjuvants) such as preemptive doses of ketamine with minimal adverse effects would be beneficial. However, studies are needed regarding their efficacy. Aim: To determine the preemptive effect of intravenous ketamine on pain intensity and need to opioids in cesarean section which performed under spinal anesthesia. Subjects and Methods: The study was a randomized, double‑blinded, clinical trial involving 60 term parturients for cesarean, using random block method, they were divided into two groups of each. The case group received ketamine with dose of 0.2 mg/kg and the control one normal saline with the same volume. Pain intensity was compared in 0,30,60,90,120,150, and 180 min and 6,12,18, and 24 h after surgeries with visual analog scale (VAS) index. The average opioid usage was compared during 24 h after those too. Final analyses were done with Mann‑Whitney, Chi‑square, and Spss.v. 16 (P < 0.05 was meaningful level). Results: There was not significant statistical difference on average VAS during interrupted times (F = 0.15, P = 0.70). Average dosage of diclofenac suppository and mean time for taking the first dosage of opioids have not statistical difference too (respectively; P = 0.76, P = 0.87). Average dose of pethidine was lesser than placebo statistically. It means, the case group did not take pethidine but this amount was 6 (20%) in the control one (P = 0.02). Conclusion: Taking the preemptive dosage of ketamine (0.2 mg/kg) before cesarean could act as a probably model for decreasing opioid consumption.","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117317867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}