Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences最新文献

{"title":"A 5-year clinical evaluation of subdermal implants among Abakaliki acceptors","authors":"N. Igwe, E. Nnamdi, A. Jude","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.175730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.175730","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The family planning clinic of the Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki in Ebonyi State, obtains its clients from the postnatal clinic, the general outpatient department, specialist clinics, and referrals from the primary, secondary, and private health centers in the state. Aim: To evaluate subdermal implants use in Abakaliki, Nigeria, for acceptance rate, efficacy, and complications. Materials and Methods: A descriptive retrospective study that was carried out in the family planning unit of the Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria, between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2013. The records of the clients from the family planning clinic and their case files from the medical record units were studied. Sociodemographic characteristics, side effects, discontinuation, and reasons for discontinuation were extracted and fed into the computer using Epi Info program (2008) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta USA version 3.5.1 and analyzed. Results: Of 1737 contraceptive acceptors, 554 clients accepted subdermal implants giving a rate of 31.9%. The mean (standard deviation) for age and parity was 32.9 (5.2) years and 4.9 (2.2) years, respectively. Sixty-nine clients discontinued the method giving a discontinuation rate of 69/554 (12.5%) over the 5-year period. The most common reason for discontinuation was the desire to get pregnant 47/69 (68.1%). Seventeen clients out of 554 (3.1%) had side effects or complications. Menstrual disturbances were the most common side effect. Conclusion: Subdermal implants are very effective and safe with high acceptance and continuation rate in Abakaliki.","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131029725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complete recovery of a booked primigravida with hemorrhagic stroke due to severe preeclampsia","authors":"S. Mbamara, I. Mbah, Lumin Ogbuagu","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.175744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.175744","url":null,"abstract":"Stroke is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality during pregnancy and puerperium. Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), which is bleeding within the cerebral parenchyma as a result of rupture of a blood vessel, is the second most common type of stroke after ischemic stroke. We report a case of ICH due to severe preeclampsia that was suspected to have occurred shortly before cesarean section in a woman with prior normal prenatal care. She recovered completely without any neurological deficit.","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127876718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness, practice, and predictors of family planning by pregnant women attending a tertiary hospital in a semi-rural community of North-West Nigeria","authors":"Adewale Olufemi Ashimi, T. Amole, E. Ugwa, A. O. Ohonsi","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.175734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.175734","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nigeria′s maternal and perinatal health status is still among the poorest in the world, with a poor contraceptive prevalence rate and a high fertility rate. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the level of awareness of family planning methods among women attending antenatal care, its uptake, and predictors of use. Subjects and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out at the antenatal clinic of Federal Medical Centre, Birnin Kudu, Jigawa state, Nigeria, using an interviewer administered questionnaire to assess the awareness and practice of family planning methods among 350 pregnant women, whom were selected through a systematic sampling technique from June 19, 2012, to August 26, 2012. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relative effect of determinants, adjusting for other predictor variables. Results: Of the 350 respondents, 319 (92%) had heard of family planning, of which 29% had ever used a method and the injectables were the most common method used. The use of family planning methods was significantly associated with respondents′ ethnicity, occupation, and level of education (P ≤ 0.05). The odds ratio of not using family planning methods was 2 times higher in women with informal education (adjusted odds ratio = 2.12; 95% confidence interval = 1.1-3.8). Conclusion: Awareness of family planning methods was high among the respondents surveyed, but the utilization was poor. Female education and empowerment would help to promote uptake in this setting.","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133722842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Menstrual pattern and disorders and impact on quality of life among university students in South-Western Nigeria","authors":"W. Adebimpe, E. Farinloye, N. Adeleke","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.175741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.175741","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Menarche is one of the signals of a woman′s transition from childhood to adulthood. Abnormal menstrual pattern could cause morbidities that may disrupt daily activities. Aim: To assess the pattern of menstrual disorders and impact on the quality of life among university students in South-Western Nigeria. Subjects and Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out among 494 university students in South-Western Nigeria, selected using multistage sampling method. Research instruments were semi-structured, self-administered, and pretested questionnaires. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software, version 17.0 (Chicago, IL, USA). Results: Mean age at menarche was 13.6 (1.1) years. About 89.1% (440/494) were aware or foretold of the coming of menarche. Major sources of information include parents, relatives, friends, and health care workers. About 82.8% (409/494) had regular monthly menstrual flow pattern, 21.9% (108/494) had menorrhagia, 16.0% (79/494) had oligomenorrhea, 9.1% (45/494) had polymenorrhea, while 65.8% (325/494) had occasional associated dysmenorrhea. About 10.7% (53/494) had treated dysmenorrhea in a health facility in the last 1 year. Menstruation usually puts tension on 46.2% (228/494) of respondents, disrupted work at school in 38.9% (192/494), and at home among 42.9% (212/494) of them, while it had prevented going to school for at least 1 day in the last 6 months among 15.6% (77/494) of respondents. Girls with irregular menstrual pattern were 1.4, 1.8, and 1.6 times more likely to have experienced pressure or lenition on them, had school work, and home work disrupted, respectively. Girls who were precounseled about menarche were twice less likely to have had disruptions of school activities compared to those who were not precounseled (odds ratio = 0.5, 05% confidence interval: 1.96-3.01, P = 0.01). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that menstrual disorders constitute a challenge to a significant percentage of adolescents. This also underscores the need for guided sexuality and menstrual related information targeted at youths.","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123990943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A survey of clients and ethical perspectives of voluntary tubal ligations in the South-Western Nigeria","authors":"W. Adebimpe","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.175740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.175740","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acceptance of voluntary tubal ligation is gradually gaining wide acceptability in the developing countries. Aim: This study described the sociodemographic characteristics of acceptors of voluntary female surgical sterilizations (VSS) and assessed clients′ perception of compliance of health care providers with ethical, statutory, and policy requirements in family planning (FP) practices. Subjects and Methods: Retrospective, analytical study of VSS within the period January 2012 and June 2013, followed by a descriptive cross-sectional study of 96 sterilized clients from randomly selected health facilities in the South-Western Nigeria. The resultant data collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS software version17.0 (Chicago, IL, USA). Results: Seventy-two (75.0%) had the VSS procedure carried out during the cesarean operations. All clients were counseled by the surgeon/gynecologists on benefits of the procedure, though only 13.6% (13/96) received additional counseling from the FP care providers. All were counseled on benefits of the procedure while 75.0% (72/96) were counseled on the risk associated with the procedure and 67.7% (65/96) were offered alternatives to the procedure. No respondent was offered incentives for accepting tubal ligation. There was a statistically significant association between having a voluntary sterilization done on clients and having counseled client on benefits of the procedure (P - 0.01), having sterilization done based on both client and her husband′s decision (P - 0.05), and clients voluntarily accepting sterilization (P - 0.02). Conclusion: Statutory and ethical requirements being followed in VSS were performed and reviewed in this study. Clinical specialist working in the areas of tubal ligations should always endeavor to send their clients to FP clinics for a more thorough secondary counseling on their chosen method.","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127785623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterotopic pregnancy in a natural conception following failed contraceptive practice","authors":"Mbamara Sunday Uche, Mbah Ikenna Chinwenmeri","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.175745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.175745","url":null,"abstract":"This report presents another rare case of spontaneous simultaneous intrauterine and extrauterine tubal pregnancies following failed progestogen-only injectable contraceptive. The ruptured heterotopic pregnancy was diagnosed in unruptured state but could not be treated because the couple did not believe/accept the diagnosis and consequently withheld their consent. The patient underwent emergency laparotomy and evacuation of products of intrauterine pregnancy. A high index of suspicion is necessary to ensure early diagnosis and management.","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127755518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An audit of the clinicopathological spectrum of benign vascular tumors of female genital tract; with a mini narrative review","authors":"Shruthi Andola, Vatsala Kishore, Kruthika S. Andola, Uma S Andola, S. Andola","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.175742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.175742","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vascular tumors of the female genital tract (FGT) are very rare. The aim of this study was to analyze the spectrum of vascular tumors in FGT and to correlate their clinicopathological features. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of 15years, including clinical features, imaging studies, gross and microscopic features of 24 cases of benign vascular tumors of FGT were reviewed. The age range was 20-95 years. Presenting complaints were abdominal pain/mass, postcoital bleeding, and vaginal and vulval mass. The duration of symptoms varied from 3months to 10years. A diagnosis of vascular tumor was not considered in any of these on clinical grounds. Results: The most common benign vascular tumor was hemangioma (7cases), followed by chorangioma (5cases). The most common sites of occurrence of these benign tumors were ovary and vulva (8cases each), the rarest site was cervix (1case). The clinical symptom of ovarian vascular tumors was abdominal pain and lump. Among the vascular tumors of ovary, the most common was lymphangioma (4cases) followed by hemangioma (3cases). The least common tumor was angiomyolipoma. The most common vulval tumors were hemangioma and lymphangioma circumscriptum. An unusual case of multiplicity and complexity was observed with 3 neoplasms, one malignant and two benign with additional caseating tuberculous lymphadenitis. Conclusion: Benign vascular tumors in the FGT can present with symptoms similar to gynecological tumors and epithelial malignancies leading to unwarranted radical surgery. The pathological examination is necessary in all such cases to exclude the possibility of malignancy. Angiomyofibroblastoma and aggressive angiomyxoma of the vulva are very rare and both share similar clinical and histopathologic features causing diagnostic problems.","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122897831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of antenatal care seeking behavior in South East Nigeria: Exploring relationship with age, education, and socioeconomic status","authors":"I. Okoronkwo, C. Odira, A. Nwaneri, P. Okpala, C. Okafor","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.175743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.175743","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Maternal and infant morbidity and mortality are major public health problems in Nigeria. Although it is well-known that appropriate antenatal care (ANC) is important in reducing maternal morbidity and mortality, there is limited information on inequities on ANC seeking pattern among the pregnant women in Nigeria. Aim: The study was designed to explore inequities due to age, education, and socioeconomic status (SES) of women of childbearing age in seeking ANC services in Nigeria. Subjects and Methods: A household survey was conducted in 10 randomly selected villages in Nnewi, Anambra State, South-East Nigeria. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect relevant data from 420 women of childbearing age from the villages. The effects of age, education, SES, and ANC seeking behavior were analyzed. Results: It was found that 61.4% (254/420) of the respondents attended ANC clinic at least 6times. Although most of the respondents sought ANC in formal health, a greater percentage utilized private hospitals/clinics more than public health facilities. Age (P < 0.01), educational level (P < 0.001), and SES (P < 0.01) had statistically significant effects on respondents′ antenatal clinic attendance and choice of facilities. The highest SES group was more likely to utilize teaching hospitals and private clinics than other SES groups. Conclusions: There were inequities due to SES, educational level, and age of respondents in the pattern of ANC seeking behavior. These inequities could negate the achievement of millennium development goals (MDGs). Interventions that would address the inequities should be developed and implemented if the health-related MDGs are to be achieved.","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131796082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of gray-scale and three-dimensional power doppler ultrasound parameters in the diagnosis of morbidly adherent placenta","authors":"Alaa Abdel Moniem, Ibrahim Anwar Abdelazim, Amr Aziz Khalifa, Ahmed Kader Fahmy, N. Rabei","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.175738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.175738","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Morbidly adherent placenta (MAP) is usually associated with excess blood loss, bladder injuries, and hysterectomies. Aim: This study was designed to evaluate the accuracy of grayscale and three-dimensional (3D) power Doppler ultrasound parameters in the diagnosis of MAP. Subjects and Methods: Fifty pregnant women ≥28 weeks′ gestation with suspected MAP were included randomly in this prospective study. Two-dimensional (2D) transabdominal gray-scale ultrasound and 3D power Doppler scans were done for studied women to confirm placental location and findings suggestive of MAP. Intraoperative findings and histopathology results of removed uteri in the cases were managed by hysterectomies compared to preoperative sonographic findings using Student′s t-test and Mann-Whitney U-test for quantitative data, Chi-square test for qualitative data to detect the accuracy of 2D transabdominal gray-scale ultrasound and 3D power Doppler parameters in the diagnosis of MAP. Results: Best 2D gray scale ultrasound parameters for the detection of emergency hysterectomies in the studied cases were disruption of uterine serosa-bladder interface (81.8% sensitivity) and exophytic mass invading bladder (94.9% specificity, 66.7% positive predictive value (PPV), and 84.1% negative predictive value [NPV]). Best 3D power Doppler parameters for the detection of emergency hysterectomies in the studied cases were disruption of uterine serosa-bladder interface (90.9% sensitivity, 68.8% specificity, and 47% PPV) and crowded vessels over peripheral subplacental zone (93.2% NPV). Conclusion: 3D power Doppler is a useful complementary tool to 2D gray-scale ultrasound for antenatal diagnosis of MAP. Crowded vessels over peripheral sub-placental zone and disruption of uterine serosa-bladder interface were the best 3D power Doppler parameters for the detection of difficult placental separation, considerable intraoperative blood loss, and emergency hysterectomies in the studied cases.","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133897109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain relief in postabortion care practiced by healthcare professionals in South Eastern Nigeria","authors":"J. Adinma, E. Adinma, N. Eke, L. Ikeako, C. Ezema, G. Eleje","doi":"10.4103/2278-960X.161061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2278-960X.161061","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Postabortion care (PAC) is aimed at reducing maternal morbidity and mortality resulting from the incomplete abortion and abortion complications. The use of analgesia is an integral part of high quality PAC. Knowledge of the pattern of use of analgesia in PAC by healthcare professionals would help in planning group specific training programs for more effective PAC. Aim: This study is aimed at assessing the use of analgesia in PAC among healthcare professionals in South Eastern Nigeria. Subjects and Methods: This is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey carried out among healthcare professionals in Anambra State, Nigeria between June 1 and September 30, 2006. Participants were chosen using a multistage sampling technique. Pretested questionnaires assessing the practice of postabortion counseling were then administered. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 software. Frequencies were within 95% confidence limits. Results: A total of 437 health professionals were included in the study. The mean age was 38.2 (10.4) years. Formal PAC training influenced the use of analgesia positively (P < 0.001). The use of analgesia in PAC was also significantly higher among professionals working in tertiary healthcare center and private specialist hospitals when compared with other facilities (P = 0.02). In general complications were more when analgesia was not employed. Older professionals were more likely to employ pain relief in PAC (P = 0.01). Furthermore, doctors were significantly more likely to employ pain relief in PAC when compared to nurses (P = 0.001). Conclusion: This study revealed a low level of use of analgesia in PAC among the healthcare professionals. It also demonstrated a significant association between formal PAC training and use of analgesia in PAC. It is, therefore, recommended that increased PAC training and re-training activities with emphasis on the need for analgesia should be conducted for healthcare professionals to improve the quality of PAC received by clients.","PeriodicalId":356195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Basic and Clinical Reproductive Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117237513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}