Japanese Journal of Cancer and Chemotherapy最新文献

{"title":"[A Three‒Tiered AI Framework Toward Precision Oncology-Structuring, Reclassification, and Integration].","authors":"Shuya Yano, Tomio Ueno","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence(AI)is transforming cancer medicine across three key domains. First, AI enables the conversion of unstructured visual data-such as pathology slides and radiological images-into structured, quantifiable formats. This improves diagnostic reproducibility and allows for automated tumor detection, classification, and prognostication with accuracy comparable to or exceeding that of specialists. Second, AI facilitates high‒dimensional analysis of omics data, including RNA sequencing and DNA methylation profiles. Machine learning models can uncover latent molecular patterns, predict splicing abnormalities, and identify dependency genes, enabling more refined molecular classification and novel therapeutic target identification. Third, multimodal AI integrates heterogeneous data types-images, genomics, and clinical text-into unified analytical frameworks. This allows for non‒invasive prediction of molecular alterations, treatment responsiveness assessment, and outcome prediction. Integration with large language models(LLMs)further enhances interpretability and enables cross‒modal reasoning in clinical decision‒making contexts. Together, these 3 layers of AI application-image structuring, omics analysis, and multimodal integration-form the foundation for a next‒generation approach to cancer care. AI does not merely automate existing tasks but offers new pathways to understanding cancer's origins, molecular essence, and progression trajectories‒bringing the vision of true precision oncology closer to clinical reality.</p>","PeriodicalId":35588,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Cancer and Chemotherapy","volume":"52 9","pages":"613-617"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Activities and Future Prospects of the irAE Supporting Team in Our Institute].","authors":"Masayuki Hashimoto, Jin Matsuyama, Masako Tamura, Yuki Hosokawa, Yasushi Murachi, Kyoko Nakatani, Yoshifumi Takagaki","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At Higashiosaka City Medical Center, we have established an immune‒related adverse event (irAE) supporting team, which has been working with multiple professions with 2 policies for its activities: early diagnosis and early treatment of irAEs, and sharing of information on irAEs among multiple professions. The more severe the irAE and the more urgent it is, the more likely it is that patients will visit the hospital unscheduled, but even in Grade 3 or higher cases, 49.3% of patients wait until a scheduled visit. We hope that our activities of the irAE supporting team will encourage spontaneous reporting from patients and their families, leading to early diagnosis and early treatment before the condition worsens.</p>","PeriodicalId":35588,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Cancer and Chemotherapy","volume":"52 9","pages":"693-695"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical Relevance of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures in Connective Tissue Diseases].","authors":"Hiroko Kageyama, Takahisa Gono, Masataka Kuwana","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are organized lymphoid‒like aggregates found in non‒lymphoid tissues. TLS typically form in areas with persistent inflammation infiltration. Growing evidence suggests that TLS are associated with a variety of diseases or conditions, such as malignancy, autoimmune disease, transplant rejection, infection and age‒related chronic inflammatory condition. The presence of TLS correlates with favorable disease outcomes in patients with malignancy or infection. Conversely, in autoimmune diseases, including connective tissue diseases, TLS are shown to contributes to the disease pathogenesis, but the detailed mechanisms underlying formation of TLS and their roles in the pathogenic process are not fully understood. This review article summarizes recent findings on adaptive immune responses occurring in the TLS in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's disease, lupus nephritis, IgG4‒related dacryoadenitis and sialadenitis, or idiopathic inflammatory myositis, including our own studies on cancer‒associated myositis.</p>","PeriodicalId":35588,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Cancer and Chemotherapy","volume":"52 9","pages":"637-643"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical Significance and Future Prospects of Tertiary Lymphoid Structure in Lung Cancer].","authors":"Hiroyuki Suzuki, Yoshiyuki Maruya, Sho Inomata, Hikaru Yamaguchi, Yuki Ozaki, Masayuki Watanabe, Mitsuro Fukuhara, Satoshi Muto, Naoyuki Okabe","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer‒related mortality worldwide, underscoring the urgent need for innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)has significantly transformed the treatment landscape, particularly for non‒small cell lung cancer(NSCLC). However, predictive biomarkers for ICI efficacy remain limited, with PD‒L1 expression, tumor mutational burden(TMB), and microsatellite instability providing only partial insight into therapeutic response. Recent attention has focused on tertiary lymphoid structures(TLS), ectopic lymphoid aggregates resembling secondary lymphoid organs that form in the tumor microenvironment. TLS are composed of B cells, T cells, dendritic cells, and other immune components, and play a central role in coordinating local antitumor immune responses. In NSCLC, the presence of TLS has been associated with favorable prognosis and improved response to ICIs, independent of PD‒L1 or TMB status. Moreover, emerging evidence suggests that the quality of TLS-such as the degree of maturation and the nature of infiltrating immune cells-may further influence immunotherapeutic outcomes. This review outlines the clinical significance of TLS in lung cancer, discussing their structure, function, and potential as novel biomarkers for stratifying patients undergoing immunotherapy. We also explore future directions including therapeutic strategies aimed at promoting TLS formation, such as vaccines or immune adjuvants, as well as the application of artificial intelligence and spatial omics technologies for the standardized evaluation and in‒depth characterization of TLS. As the integration of TLS analysis into clinical oncology evolves, a more precise and personalized approach to lung cancer immunotherapy may be realized.</p>","PeriodicalId":35588,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Cancer and Chemotherapy","volume":"52 9","pages":"628-632"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Efficacy and Safety of R‒mini‒CHP Combined with Polatuzumab‒Vedotin Used for Previously Untreated Diffuse Large B‒Cell Lymphoma in Very Elderly Patients Aged ≥80 Years-A Single‒Center Retrospective Analysis].","authors":"Yasunobu Sekiguchi, Hiroki Tsutsumi, Masahisa Kudo, Shizuka Hamano, Kosuke Arai, Nobuo Maseki, Yoshie Iizaki, Machiko Kawamura, Kazuhiko Kobayashi, Yu Nishimura, Hiroaki Kanda, Daisuke Takei, Tomoya Abe, Makoto Hanai, Yu Kakusaka, Sayaka Endo, Toshiaki Nakayama, Yasumasa Shimano, Hirofumi Kobayashi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of Pola‒R‒mini‒CHP therapy administered to very elderly treatment‒naive patients with DLBCL at our institution and compared them with R‒mini‒CHOP therapy reported from previous prospective studies.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the data of 23 patients. The median age of the patients was 83 (range 80‒92) years. The median observation period was 8.9 (3‒22) months, and the median number of treatment cycles was 8 (2‒8).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The treatment was completed in 15 of the 23 patients, discontinued in 3 (1 died), and was ongoing in 5. The complete response rate (CRR) was 100% and the cumulative survival rate was 94.7%. In regard to hematological adverse events (Hem‒AEs), ≥Grade (G) 3 events occurred in 12 (52.2%), including anemia in 4 (17.4%), neutropenia in 4 (17.4%), leukopenia in 3 (13.0%), and thrombocytopenia in 1 (4.3%). In regard to non‒Hem‒AEs, ≥G3 events occurred in 3 (13.0%), including G3 COVID‒19 (coronavirus infectious disease) pneumonia and G3 bacteremia in 1 (4.3%) each; other non‒Hem‒AEs were G5 interstitial pneumonia in 1 (4.3%), ≤G2 constipation in 5 (21.7%), and ≤G2 peripheral neuropathy and ≤G2 diarrhea in 1 (4.3%) each.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that Pola‒R‒mini‒CHP was more effective and safer than R‒mini‒CHOP therapy. Comparison of the adverse events revealed that the incidence of anemia was higher, incidence of infection was comparable, and the incidences of gastrointestinal toxicity and peripheral neuropathy were lower in the patients who received Pola‒R‒mini‒CHP therapy as compared with R‒mini‒CHOP therapy. It was possible to continue as an outpatient.</p>","PeriodicalId":35588,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Cancer and Chemotherapy","volume":"52 9","pages":"645-652"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Biological Differences between EGFR ex19del and ex21L858R-Preclinical Models Using an Engineered Pair of Isogenic NSCLC Cell Lines with CRISPR Engineering].","authors":"Zhao Hai Lu, Tomoko Matsui, Audrey Au, Krithi Bala, Amelie Forest, Deli Liu, Andrew Capen, HuaChen Chang, Jack Dempsey, Veena Coothan Kandaswamy, Helen Won, Sotaro Enatsu, Xueqian Gong","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are among the most common genetic alterations in non‒small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with ex19del and ex21L858R being the most prevalent. Ex19del correlates with better outcomes of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR‒TKIs) than L858R. The RELAY phase Ⅲ study showed that ramucirumab plus erlotinib as first‒line therapy provided similar progression‒free survival for both mutations. Preclinical studies using NSCLC cell line PC9 (ex19del) and its CRISPR‒engineered subline PC9EX21 (ex21L858R mutations) were conducted to explore the molecular basis of these clinical observations and assess the impact of these mutations on cell biology and responses to EGFR‒TKI and ramucirumab. PC9 and PC9EX21 cells had similar morphology, but PC9EX21 cells were larger, grew slower, had greater migratory potential, and exhibited delayed tumor formation in vivo. Fluorescence‒activated cell sorting analysis showed lower EGFR and higher human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/HER3 expression in PC9EX21, with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 mRNA levels 8‒times higher than ex19del. Transcriptomic profiling and multiplex proteomics identified significant gene expression differences (receptor tyrosine kinase) and altered signaling pathways in PC9EX21. Ramucirumab enhanced erlotinib's anti‒proliferative effect in PC9EX21 but had a limited effect in ex19del. These findings highlight key biological differences between ex19del and L858R mutations, emphasizing the need for personalized treatment strategies in NSCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":35588,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Cancer and Chemotherapy","volume":"52 9","pages":"653-663"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The Impact of Biosimilar Adoption on Drug Utilization and Cost in Chemotherapy-A Single Center Retrospective Study].","authors":"Yasutaka Sakamoto, Hirofumi Koizumi, Ayako Shimizu, Kazuhiro Kawabe, Haruka Shigemura, Aoi Yoshitomo, Takuya Hasegawa, Kana Uyama, Naruhiro Hatakeyama, Hidetomo Ajima, Kazuo Ide, Tadashi Wakasugi, Hirofumi Koike, Yukiko Sahashi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yokohama City University Hospital recommends the use of biosimilars (BS) in newly diagnosed patients. Previous studies have focused on cost reductions through BS introduction, which compared only identical components. In contrast, this study assesses changes in the usage of drugs within the same therapeutic class. We analyzed the number of vials of anti‒CD20 antibodies used from 2017 to 2021 and anti‒VEGF antibodies used from 2018 to 2022, before and after the introduction of rituximab and bevacizumab BS, respectively. Volume shares and drug costs for each formulation were calculated annually. The drug cost reduction ratio was determined by comparing actual drug costs with hypothetical costs if only brand‒name drugs were used. The average drug cost per prescription was also calculated. From 2017 to 2021, the share of brand rituximab was decreased from 100.0% to 0.0%, while rituximab BS was increased from 0.0% to 93.9%, and obinutuzumab was increased from 0.0% to 6.1%. Although BS reduced drug costs by 22.9% in 2021, the average cost per prescription increased by 30.0%. From 2018 to 2022, the share of brand bevacizumab was decreased from 89.5% to 3.0%, while bevacizumab BS was increased from 0.0% to 96.5%, with ramucirumab and aflibercept beta showing decreased usage. BS reduced drug costs by 64.7%, and the average cost per prescription dropped by 65.5%. The introduction of BS significantly reduced drug costs, though changes in prescription practices affected overall costs. Future assessments should consider clinical guidelines and evaluate drugs across therapeutic classes to provide a more comprehensive view of BS impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":35588,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Cancer and Chemotherapy","volume":"52 9","pages":"671-676"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical Significance and Therapeutic Applications of Tertiary Lymphoid Structures(TLS)in Gynecological Cancers].","authors":"Junzo Hamanishi, Kohei Hamada, Masaki Mandai","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tertiary lymphoid structures(TLS)are gaining attention as sites for anti‒tumor immune responses. They are observed in gynecological tumor tissues, including common gynecological cancers such as endometrial, cervical, and ovarian cancers. The distribution and maturity of TLS, along with molecular genetic factors and patient prognosis, are being studied. Enhancing anti‒cancer treatment is anticipated by efficiently inducing TLS within the tumor microenvironment. Specifically, based on basic research aimed at reactivating anti‒tumor immunity within TLS, numerous clinical trials are underway for novel combined therapies targeting TLS‒positive cancers. These trials involve optimal combinations of immune checkpoint inhibitors, immune‒activating molecules, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy to induce TLS. This has led to the development of new cancer treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":35588,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Cancer and Chemotherapy","volume":"52 9","pages":"633-636"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A Case of Drug‒Induced Tubulointerstitial Nephritis Caused by Capivasertib Therapy].","authors":"Masaru Takemae, Yumiko Ishikawa, Tomoka Toyota, Jiro Ando","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report the case of a 79‒year‒old woman diagnosed with drug‒induced tubulointerstitial nephritis during treatment with capivasertib. The patient received fulvestrant and capivasertib, and on day 11 of therapy, she was admitted to the hospital with appetite loss, rash, and hyperglycemia. Continuous insulin therapy was initiated. The following day, she developed renal dysfunction. Given elevated levels of urinary protein and serum β2‒microglobulin, a diagnosis of capivasertib‒induced tubulointerstitial nephritis was made. Steroid pulse therapy was administered after initial management of renal dysfunction. Proteinuria improved with treatment. Although capivasertib‒the first AKT inhibitor approved in Japan‒is associated with several adverse effects including hyperglycemia, rash, and diarrhea, tubulointerstitial nephritis has not previously been reported in Japan.</p>","PeriodicalId":35588,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Cancer and Chemotherapy","volume":"52 9","pages":"689-691"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145239932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A Side Wagon in the Outpatient Chemotherapy Unit Originally Designed and Newly Assembled with Consideration for not only Patient Amenities but also Infusion Management].","authors":"Akiko Takahashi, Junichi Matsui, Rie Natori, Yuka Ichino, Noriaki Wada","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital, as a nationally designated Regional Cancer Hospital in Japan, opened a new Outpatient Chemotherapy Unit in September 2023. The unit is designed based on three fundamental concepts: \"a comfortable space that gently supports patients,\" \"a relaxing environment,\" and \"a sense of security with access to advanced medical care.\" In the newly designed patient booths of the unit, a side wagon was originally designed and newly assembled to meet two key objectives: ⅰ. Prioritizing patient safety and amenity, allowing patients to use it as a table or for storing personal belongings. ⅱ. Enabling staff to place medication trays and equipment at the start of treatment, facilitating efficient infusion management and enhancing patient care. After incorporating various ideas to materialize our concept, a stainless steel three‒tiered wagon was completed, as the biggest innovation, with the middle tier being designed for a patient table that was adjusted to the height of the chair arms. The top tier can be used as space for staff to place medication trays, while the bottom tier can be used to store patients' belongings; it stands stably and has four castors so it can be moved freely. Our original side wagon has received high satisfaction from patients and has been well‒received by staff as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":35588,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Journal of Cancer and Chemotherapy","volume":"52 9","pages":"665-669"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}