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{"title":"PTBP1 promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma by enhancing the oncogenic splicing switch of FGFR2.","authors":"Yu-Ying Chen, Qian Zhang, Meng-Hui Gui, Lan Feng, Peng-Bo Cao, Gang-Qiao Zhou","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-224","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer accounting for 90% of cases. It is a highly invasive and deadly cancer with a gradual onset. Polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 (PTBP1) is an important RNA-binding protein involved in RNA metabolism and has been linked to oncogenic splicing events. While the oncogenic role of PTBP1 in HCC cells has been established, the exact mechanism of action remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the functional connection between PTBP1 and dysregulated splicing events in HCC. Through immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry analyses, we discovered that the proteins bound to PTBP1 were significantly enriched in the complex responsible for the alternative splicing of FGFR2 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 2). Further RNA immunoprecipitation and quantitative PCR assays confirmed that PTBP1 down-regulated the FGFR2-IIIb isoform levels and up-regulated the FGFR2-IIIc isoform levels in HCC cells, leading to a switch from FGFR2-IIIb to FGFR2-IIIc isoforms. Subsequent functional evaluations using CCK-8, transwell, and plate clone formation assays in HCC cell lines HepG2 and Huh7 demonstrated that FGFR2-IIIb exhibited tumor-suppressive effects, while FGFR2-IIIc displayed tumor-promoting effects. In conclusion, this study provides insights into the PTBP1-mediated alternative splicing mechanism in HCC progression, offering a new theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of this malignancy. Mechanistically, the isoform switch from FGFR2-IIIb to FGFR2-IIIc promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of HCC cells and activated the FGFR cascades ERK and AKT pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"Yi chuan = Hereditas / Zhongguo yi chuan xue hui bian ji","volume":"46 1","pages":"46-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139479276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on the construction of teaching case base in medical genetics.","authors":"Mao Zhang, Yan-Yan Wang, Yun Bai, Xue-Dan Chen, Hong Guo","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-241","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medical genetics is a basic medical course that discusses the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases in relation with genetic factors. This course requires students who have abilities of strong logical thinking, independent thinking, problem analyzing and solving. Single \"cramming\" teaching is difficult to mobilize students' autonomous learning, and hardly achieves teaching effect of medical genetics. Teaching of case-based discussion breaks passive teaching mode in traditional class. The teacher throws out typically clinical cases. The students prepare materials around relevant problems of cases, and carry out class discussion. Then, key and difficult points of the course are integrated in teaching and learning interaction, which reaches a remarkable effect of teaching. Since 2013, the teaching and research group has carried out teaching of case-based discussion in undergraduates majoring in clinical medicine. In this paper, we screen and sort clinical cases on the basis of course teaching plan and case-based discussion in the teaching of medical genetics. The cases are summarized into 8 chapters in teaching case base, which basically cover the teaching of disease genetics and clinical genetics.The construction of teaching case base in medical genetics has realized the deep integration of clinical cases and teaching. Students can understand and master important and difficult points of teaching in a more intuitive way, which is helpful to stimulate students' innovative thinking, improve students' learning interest and class participation.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"Yi chuan = Hereditas / Zhongguo yi chuan xue hui bian ji","volume":"46 1","pages":"78-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139479185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetics comprehensive experimental course based on the integration of science and education to cultivate students' ability of cutting-edge innovation.","authors":"Xiu-Fang Ou, Ying Wu, Ning Li, Li-Li Jiang, Bao Liu, Lei Gong","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-179","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of science and education is an effective way for universities to cultivate students in cutting-edge innovative interests. Epigenetics is the expansion of classical genetics, the corresponding experimental courses of which have not been integrated into the current teaching system. In this paper, by taking advantage of our laboratory's research on the DNA methylation maintenance gene, OsMET1-2 in rice, we have integrated our innovative findings in the education curriculum, and built a comprehensive teaching system on experimentation research, which greatly stimulates the curiosity of the students. Taking the OsMET1-2 mutants and its isogenic wild-type rice plants as experimental materials, this course has successfully demonstrated a causal link between genetic mutation and epigenetic variation, a topic widely interested by the students in learning genetics and epigenetics. Through the practice of this course, students have a deeper understanding of the important role of epigenetic modifications, their scientific research capabilities have been greatly improved, thereby strongly supporting the cultivation of top innovative talents among the students.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"Yi chuan = Hereditas / Zhongguo yi chuan xue hui bian ji","volume":"45 12","pages":"1158-1168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141065842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and functional study of AA11 family polysaccharide monooxygenase genes in filamentous fungus Podospora anserina.","authors":"Wen-Zhen Du, Yuan-Jing Li, Jia-Ling Wu, Si-Yu Chen, Liang Jiang, Gang Liu, Ning Xie","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-223","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase (LPMO) in the auxiliary active protein family (AA family) catalyzes the oxidative depolymerization of various refractory carbohydrates including cellulose, chitin and starch. While accumulating studies investigate the enzymology of LPMO, the research on the inactivation of LPMO genes has been rarely explored. In this study, five LPMO genes PaLPMO11A (Pa_4_4790), PaLPMO11B (Pa_1_5310), PaLPMO11C (Pa_2_7840), PaLPMO11D (Pa_2_8610) and PaLPMO11E (Pa_3_9420) of the AA11 family in the filamentous fungus Podospora anserina were knocked out by homologous recombination. Single mutants ΔPaLPMO11A (ΔA), ΔPaLPMO11B (ΔB), ΔPaLPMO11C (ΔC), ΔPaLPMO11D (ΔD) and ΔPaLPMO11E (ΔE) were constructed, and then all polygenic mutants were constructed via genetic crosses. The differences in the growth rate and sexual reproduction between wild type and mutant strains were observed on different carbon source media. The alteration of oxidative stress and cellulose degradation ability were found on DAB and NBT staining and cellulase activity determination. These results implicated that LPMO11 genes play a key role in the growth, development, and lignocellulose degradation of P. anserina. The results showed that the spore germination efficiency, growth rate and reproductive capacity of mutant strains including ΔBΔCΔE, ΔAΔBΔCΔE, ΔAΔCΔDΔE and ΔAΔBΔCΔDΔE was significantly decreased on different cellulose carbon sources and the remaining strains have no difference. The reduced utilization of various carbon sources, the growth rate, the spore germination rate, the number of fruiting bodies, the normal fruiting bodies, the shortened life span and the ability to degrade cellulose were found in strains which all five genes in the PaLPMO11 family were deleted. However, the strain still had 45% cellulase activity compared to wild type. These results suggest that LPMO11 genes may be involved in the growth and development, sexual reproduction, senescence and cellulose degradation of P. anserina. This study provides information for systematically elucidating the regulatory mechanism of lignocellulose degradation in filamentous fungus P. anserina.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"Yi chuan = Hereditas / Zhongguo yi chuan xue hui bian ji","volume":"45 12","pages":"1128-1146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141065849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of transcriptome differences between subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue of Ningxiang pigs.","authors":"Fang Wang, Yue-Bo Zhang, Qian Jiang, Yu-Long Yin, Bi-E Tan, Jia-Shun Chen","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-131","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To compare and analyze the molecular mechanisms of adipose deposition in subcutaneous fat (SAF)and intramuscular fat (IMF) tissues in Ningxiang pigs, differential gene expression profiles in SAF and IMF tissues of Ningxiang pigs were identified and analysed using RNA-seq technology. Six healthy 250-day-old male Ningxiang pigs with similar body weights (approximately 85 kg) of intraspecific individuals were selected as experimental material and samples of SAF and IMF tissues were collected. Differential genes associated with fat deposition and lipid metabolism were obtained by sequencing two adipose tissue transcriptomes and performing GO (Gene Ontology) functional annotation and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway enrichment analysis. To verify the reliability of the sequencing results, six differential genes were randomly selected to validate using qRT-PCR. The results showed that we identified 2406 DEGs, with 1422 up-regulated and 984 down-regulated genes in two tissues. GO functional annotation analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in lipid metabolism related pathways, such as steroid biosynthesis, unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism and autophagy pathway. KEGG pathway enrichment showed that the differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the biological processes related to lipid binding, fatty acid metabolism, glycol ester metabolism, lipid biosynthesis and other biological processes related to lipid metabolism. Genes related to lipid metabolism, such as TCAP, NR4A1, ACACA, LPL, ELOVL6, DGAT1, PRKAA1, ATG101, TP53INP2, FDFT1, ACOX1 and SCD were identified by bioinformatic analyses and verified by qRT-PCR. Our results indicated that these genes may play important roles in the regulation of fat deposition and metabolism in the SAF and IMF tissue, providing the further mechanistic investigation of fat deposition in Ningxiang pigs.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"Yi chuan = Hereditas / Zhongguo yi chuan xue hui bian ji","volume":"45 12","pages":"1147-1157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141065837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress on the function of Mycobacterium T7SS (ESX) secretion system.","authors":"Zhi-Yong Jiang, Jian-Ping Xie","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-188","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mycobacterium infection can affect the host's immune function by secreting extracellular effector proteins. ESX (or type VII) system plays an important role in the secretion of effector proteins. ESX system is the protein export system in mycobacteria and many actinomycetes. However, how ESX system secretes and underlying mechanism of action remain unclear. In this review, we introduce the components, function, classification of ESX system and the process of substrates transfer to the peripheral space via this system, and discuss the roles of ESX system in antibiotics resistance, persistence, host-phage interaction, new drug targets. We hope to provide insights into the discovery of new drugs and vaccine antigens for tuberculosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"Yi chuan = Hereditas / Zhongguo yi chuan xue hui bian ji","volume":"45 12","pages":"1100-1113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141065853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological and pathological mechanisms of oocyte meiosis.","authors":"Zhou Zhou, Qing Sang, Lei Wang","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-170","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Normal oogenesis is crucial to successful reproduction. During the human female fetal stage, primordial germ cells transform from mitosis to meiosis. After synapsis and recombination of homologous chromosomes, meiosis is arrested at the diplotene stage of prophase in meiosis I. The maintenance of oocyte meiotic arrest in the follicle is primarily attributed to high cytoplasmic concentrations of cyclic adenosine monophosphate. During the menstrual cycle, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone lead to the resumption of meiosis that occurs in certain oocytes and complete the ovulation process. Anything that disturbs oocyte meiosis may result in failure of oogenesis and seriously affect both the fertilization and embryonic development. The rapid development of the assisted reproduction technology, high-throughput sequencing technology, and molecular biology technology provide new ideas and means for human to understand molecular mechanism of meiosis and diagnosis and treatment of oocyte maturation defects. In this review, we mainly summarize the recent physiological and pathological mechanisms of oogenesis, involving homologous recombination, meiotic arrest and resumption, maternal mRNA degradation, post-translational regulation, zona pellucida assembly, and so on. We wish to take this opportunity to raise the awareness of researchers in related fields on oocyte meiosis, providing a theoretical basis for further research and disease treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"Yi chuan = Hereditas / Zhongguo yi chuan xue hui bian ji","volume":"45 12","pages":"1087-1099"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141065851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application and prospect of gene chip in genetic breeding of livestock and poultry.","authors":"Jia-Hao Wang, Qing-Yao Zhao, Yue-Ling Zhou, Liang-Yu Shi, Chu-Duan Wang, Ying Yu","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-233","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-233","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gene chip is a high-throughput technique for detecting specific DNA sequences by DNA or DNA-RNA complementary hybridization, among which SNP genotyping chips have been widely employed in the animal genetics and breeding, and have made great achievements in cattle (Bos taurus), pigs (Sus scrofa), sheep (Caprinae), chickens (Gallus gallus) and other livestock. However, genomic selection applied in production merely uses genomic information and cannot fully explain the molecular mechanism of complex traits genetics, which limits the accuracy of genomic selection. With the continuous progresses in epigenetic research, the development of commercial methylation chips and the application of the epigenome-wide association study (EWAS), DNA methylation has been extensively used to draw the causal connections between genetics and phenotypes. In the future, it is hopefully expected to develop methylation chips customized for livestock and poultry and explore methylation sites significantly related to economic traits of livestock and poultry through EWAS thereby extending the understanding of causal variation of complex traits. Combining methylation chips and SNP chips, we can capture the epigenomic and genomic information of livestock and poultry, interpret genetic variation more precisely, improve the accuracy of genome selection, and promote the fine evolution of molecular genetic breeding of livestock and poultry. In this review, we summarize the application of SNP chips and depict the prospects of the application of methylation chips in livestock and poultry. This review will provide valuable insights for further application of gene chips in farm animal breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"Yi chuan = Hereditas / Zhongguo yi chuan xue hui bian ji","volume":"45 12","pages":"1114-1127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141065839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of clinical and microbiological characteristics of community-acquired hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess in diabetic and non-diabetic patients.","authors":"Jing Ye, Yuan Wang, Lu-Ying Xiong, Yong-Hong Xiao","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-167","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Invasive infection caused by hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (HvKP) has been reported worldwide. Most of the patients are community population, related to diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic liver disease and other basic diseases, which prone to systemic migratory infection. In this study, we collected 377 patients with community acquired Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess in our hospital from January 2013 to December 2018, 65.8% of whom were male, and 49.6% had DM. Patients with DM are prone to eye and central nervous system (CNS) infection, which need continuous local abscess drainage during treatment. Among them, patients with poor blood glucose control have a higher rate of blood stream infections (BSI). 219 strains of HvKP were obtained, with K1/K2 Serotype accounted for 81.7%. The incidence of BSI in K2 patients was higher than that in K1 patients. The PCR results indicate that the carrying rate of virulence genes (rmpA、areo、kfu、allS、iroN、magA、uge、wcaG) in K1/K2 type strains is significantly higher than that in non K1/K2 type strains. ST23 and ST65 are the most common multilocus sequence typing (MLST), which belong to K1 and K2 Serotype respectively. All of HvKP strains showed high sensitivity to commonly used clinical antibiotics other than ampicillin, with 54.3% of the strains exhibiting high viscosity characteristics. Meanwhile, 35 classic Klebsiella pneumoniae (cKP) strains were collected, and their serum typing is mainly non K1/K2. The carrying rate of virulence genes and viscosity degree in HvKP are significantly higher than those in cKP. Primary liver abscess caused by HvKP is prone to multiple tissue and organ infections, but it shows higher sensitivity to most commonly used antibiotics in clinical practice except for ampicillin. After effective treatment, the overall prognosis of patients is better. This study analyzes the pathogenic characteristics of HvKP and elaborates on the clinical characteristics of patients, which can provide reference for clinical and scientific research work.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"Yi chuan = Hereditas / Zhongguo yi chuan xue hui bian ji","volume":"45 11","pages":"1052-1061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141065565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in the regulation of inflammasome activation by GBP family in infectious diseases.","authors":"Shu-Ting Quan, Wei-Wei Jiao, Fang Xu, Lin Sun, Hui Qi, Adong Shen","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-119","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.23-119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Guanylate-binding proteins (GBPs) are a subfamily of interferon-inducible proteins that undertake distinct roles in the the context of bacteria, virus, chlamydia and parasites infections. These proteins exert a notable influence on the progression and outcomes of infectious diseases. Within the realm of host cell-autonomous immunity against pathogens, GBPs have been identified as the regulators of pyroptosis through canonical and noncanonical inflammasome activation pathways. In this review, we summarize the structure and evolution of GBP family members, the canonical and noncanonical inflammasome activation pathways, the roles of GBPs in regulating inflammasome activation, and the mechanisms of GBPs affecting infections induced by different pathogens. We hope to provide new basic research clues for the pathogenesis and diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"Yi chuan = Hereditas / Zhongguo yi chuan xue hui bian ji","volume":"45 11","pages":"1007-1017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141065557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}