Journal of Dairy Science最新文献

{"title":"Global, regional, and national burden of disease attributable to diet low in milk, 1990-2021: an updated analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.","authors":"Meihui Tao, Po Zhang, Weifeng Yang, Yanping Wang, Junfa Chen, Xiu Shi, Erfang Dai, Wei Yan, Yu Fu","doi":"10.3168/jds.2024-26131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2024-26131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diet low in milk has been linked to various chronic diseases and cancer. To better understand the global health impact of diet low in milk, this study analyzed the latest data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2021. Our findings revealed that the number of deaths and DALYs of colon and rectum cancer (CRC) attributable to diet low in milk increased from 1990 to 2021. The ASMR and ASDR for CRC due to low milk intake declined slightly over this period, with a faster decline observed among females. Predictive analysis shows similar tendency, even higher ASMR and ASDR in CRC associated with diet low in milk in males than in females by 2050. In contrast, the rate of prostate cancer attributable to diet low in milk remained relatively stable. Regionally, Southern Latin America exhibited the highest ASMR and ASDR for CRC associated with diet low in milk in 2021, while Western Sub-Saharan Africa had the most significant changes in these rates for prostate cancer. The largest decrease in ASMR and ASDR of CRC due to diet low in milk was observed in the high SDI region. In addition, the low SDI region exhibited the highest change rates for prostate cancer attributable to diet low in milk. In summary, our study provides valuable insights into trends for the global burden of CRC and prostate cancer attributable to diet low in milk, emphasizing the importance of considering gender, age, regional and national differences in dietary habits and disease risk when formulating public health policies and dietary recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INVITED REVIEW: Mastitis Escherichia coli strains: Mastitis-Associated or Mammo-Pathogenic ?","authors":"Pierre Germon, Gilles Foucras, David G E Smith, Pascal Rainard","doi":"10.3168/jds.2024-26109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2024-26109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine mastitis remains a major concern for dairy farmers, mainly because of its impact on the economy of their activity and on animal welfare. Because Escherichia coli is considered a major mastitis pathogen, the diversity of E. coli strains isolated from mastitis cases has been studied for decades, with the aim to discover new ways to fight this infection. With the recent advances in whole-genome sequencing, a detailed view of the peculiarities of mastitis E. coli strains has emerged. This review aims to bring together the knowledge garnered over the years with the more recent results of whole-genome analyses. While the concept of a Mammary Pathogenic E. coli has been proposed, because a common set of virulence genes cannot be identified among mastitis E. coli strains, we prefer the use of Mastitis-associated E. coli (MAEC) with MAEC being more an \"ecotype\" rather than a \"pathotype.\" Indeed, data available so far suggest that a common feature of MAEC would rather be an enrichment in fitness capabilities that makes them well-suited for survival and rapid adaptation to changing biotopes in the mammary gland which we qualify as intramammary ecotopes.</p>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invited Review: Somatotropin and Lactation Biology.","authors":"Robert J Collier, Dale E Bauman, Lance H Baumgard","doi":"10.3168/jds.2024-26177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2024-26177","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Purpose of this review is to update the human and animal safety findings on bovine somatotropin (bST) since 1993 as well as to discuss ST action and its impacts on sustainability. Bovine somatotropin (bST) is a naturally produced hormone which is a key regulator of growth and milk production. Beginning in the 1930s and continuing until today, investigations have examined bST's impact on animal related factors such as nutrition, bioenergetics, metabolism, health, and well-being, and consumer related issues such as product safety, milk quality, and manufacturing characteristics. Overall, bST homeorhetically orchestrates (both directly and indirectly) the coordination of key physiological processes involved in lactation. Bovine somatotropin's direct effects involve adaptations in a variety tissues, and altered metabolism of all nutrient classes - water, carbohydrates, lipids, protein, and minerals. Mechanistically, this includes modifying key enzymes, intracellular signal transduction systems, tissue response to homeostatic signals and diversity of receptor subtypes. Indirect effects are mediated by the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system. Collectively, IGF governs cellular changes within the mammary gland resulting in increased rates of milk synthesis and enhanced maintenance of secretory cells. The responses to bST are modulated by environmental and management factors, especially an animal's nutritional plane. This modulation is a principal component in allowing bST to play a key role in regulating nutrient utilization across a range of physiological states. Recombinant bST (rbST) was developed in the early 1980s and commercial rbST use in the United States began in 1994. Utilizing rbST markedly increases milk yield and improves feed efficiency and farm income; thus, it was rapidly adopted by many dairy producers. Despite reducing the environmental footprint of milk production and having no impact on cow health in well-managed dairies, milk consumption or human safety concerns, many within the processing, grocery and retailer industries began labeling and promoting \"rbST-free\" dairy products as a marketing strategy. The FDA was concerned this represented an implied health issue, so they required products labeled as \"rbST-free\" to also include the statement that \"no significant difference has been shown between milk derived from rbST treated and non-rbST treated cows.\" Many Cooperatives had an aggressive strategy to market \"rbST-free\" milk to compete with \"organic\" milk and suggested producers would receive higher milk prices if they voluntarily stopped using rbST. The net effect was American farmers ceased using the technology. However, rbST continues to safely increase farmer revenue and to minimize the carbon footprint of dairy production in many parts of Asia, Africa, and South America. Overall, bST is a homeorhetic control which orchestrates metabolic processes affecting nutrient partitioning and animal productivity, and it is natura","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dual enhancement strategy for ultrasensitive detection of norovirus based on catalytic hairpin assembly-assisted CRISPR/Cas12a sensing system.","authors":"Yao Shuo, Xuehui Feng, Chao Zhao, Jing Zhang, Ying Wang, Jingran Wang, Yukun Ding, Xuening Shi, Juan Li, Xiuling Song, Juan Wang","doi":"10.3168/jds.2024-26150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2024-26150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Noroviruses are a leading cause of food-borne illnesses, responsible for over 50% of global gastroenteritis outbreaks. Whereas reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) and other nucleic acid amplification methods are crucial for norovirus detection, their reliance on specialized equipment highlights the urgent need for more accessible detection methods. Herein, we propose an isothermal cascade signal amplification assay that integrates catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) and cluster regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas12a for rapid and accurate detection of norovirus in food samples. By incorporating the advantages of CHA and CRISPR/Cas12a, the dual signal enhancement sensing strategy can achieve high sensitivity low to 14 fM within 70 min, and good specificity in adenovirus, human enterovirus, rotavirus, and other interfering agents. The proposed dual enhancement strategy for norovirus detection has satisfactory accuracy and acceptable recoveries in milk samples compared with RT-PCR assay, and holds promise for improving food safety monitoring, particularly in dairy products.</p>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of β-Casein Variants and Effects on Milk Composition in Podolian Cows Reared in Gargano Promontory (Southern Italy).","authors":"Antonella Santillo, Francesca d'Angelo, Cristina Lamberti, Maria Gabriella Giuffrida, Francesco Romaniello, Marzia Albenzio","doi":"10.3168/jds.2025-26317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2025-26317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the study was to evaluate β-CN variants and their effects on milk nutritional composition and protein profile in Podolian cattle breeds reared in Gargano Promontory (Southern Italy). Individual milk samples of Podolian and Holstein Friesian (HF) cattle were analyzed for β-CN allele and genotype frequencies, chemical composition and protein fractions of milk. In both populations the most common allelic variant was A2, followed by A1, whereas alleles B and I had frequencies lower than 10% in both populations. A total of 6 genotypes in Podolian population (A1A2, A1B, A2B, A1I, A2I, A2A2), and 7 genotypes (A1A1, A1A2, A1B, A2B, A1I, A2I, A2A2) in HF were detected. Milk protein, lactose and casein percentages were affected by β-CN allele in both breeds. In particular, alleles A1 and A2 resulted in higher levels of both protein and casein in HF, whereas in Podolian allele I showed the highest, alleles A1 and A2 intermediate and B the lowest levels of the mentioned parameters. Protein fractions were influenced by β-casein alleles and the most abundant protein fractions were β- and αs1- CNs in both breeds, although with different percentage distribution. In Podolian milk, regardless of the detected allele, it was observed a similar behavior for β- and κ-CNs and opposite to that observed for αs2-CN. The study of the genetic variability of milk proteins offers the opportunity to valorise the nutritional, technological, and functional features of Podolian cattle dairy productions as a strategy to sustain the economic value of this ancient breed which is well adapted to the farming systems in marginal areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Maturity at Harvest of Small Grain Grasses on the Nutritional Composition of Forage and Ration Formulation.","authors":"G Ferreira, C L Teets, H Galyon, A L Cappellina, M E Schultz, K M Payne, S Stewart, W E Thomason","doi":"10.3168/jds.2024-26020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2024-26020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We hypothesized that, relative to harvesting small grain grasses at the soft-dough stage (SDS) of maturity, harvesting small grain grasses at the boot stage (BS) of maturity would result in cheaper dairy rations when commodities' prices are high but not when commodities' prices are low. Small plots of small grains were planted during the fall of 2020 and 2021 in Blacksburg, Blackstone, and Orange, Virginia. In each year and location, 2 varieties of barley, 2 varieties of rye, and 4 varieties of triticale were planted in plots replicated 6 times, yielding 288 plots. Within each year and location, we harvested half of the plots at the BS of maturity and the other half at the SDS of maturity. For each of the 6 small grain grasses, we formulated 8 rations according to 8 different scenarios using the least-cost optimizer. The scenarios included high and low commodities' prices, high and low dietary forage (60 and 40% forage, respectively), and the inclusion of small grain grasses harvested at the BS or SDS of maturity. Harvesting at the SDS of maturity yielded 107% to 205% more DM than harvesting at the BS of maturity. Relative to BS, small grain grasses harvested at the SDS of maturity had greater concentrations of OM, NDF, ADF, ADL, and starch but lower concentrations of CP. Relative to BS, small grain grasses harvested at the SDS of maturity also had a greater concentration of uNDF (NDF basis). Species had minimal impact on the nutritional quality of small grain grasses for silage. Under a low-price scenario, the ration formulation system ignored all 6 small grain grass silages and included corn silage as the only forage source when we did not limit its inclusion. Under a high-price scenario, the ration formulation system included all 6 small grain grass silages when formulating low-forage diets with unlimited corn silage. However, a preference between BS and SDS stages did not exist with the optimizer not consistently selecting a specific maturity stage. After evaluating the yields, the chemical composition, and the impacts on ration formulation in this study, future studies should aim to evaluate the impact of maturity at harvest of small grain grasses on cow performance and environmental impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Manufacture of high-solids milk protein concentrate retentate using plate-and-frame membrane filtration system at low and high temperatures.","authors":"Achyut Mishra, Prafulla Salunke, Venkateswarlu Sunkesula, Lloyd E Metzger","doi":"10.3168/jds.2024-25472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2024-25472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the typical milk protein concentrate (MPC) manufacturing process, skim milk is ultrafiltered using a spiral-wound membrane to produce MPC80 with ~20% total solids (TS) and 80% total protein (TP) on a DM basis. However, improving the production efficiency by achieving higher solids in the retentate has been a challenge when using spiral-wound membranes due to the limitation of operating pressure. We attempted flat-sheet UF membrane in a plate-and-frame (PF) module to concentrate the MPC further and achieve better production efficiency. Three replicates of ultrafiltered skim milk (feed) from spiral-wound UF membrane were concentrated in 3 different PF settings, including PF at 22°C (PF22), PF at 50°C for medium solids (PF50MS), and PF at 50°C for high solids (PF50HS). Hence there were total 4 treatments: feed, PF22, PF50MS, and PF50HS. Filtration was carried out until the pressure drop reached 900 kPa for PF22 and PF50HS. For the PF50MS, the filtration was stopped when the TS achieved close to 30%. The average permeate flux and final TS were significantly higher for the treatments conducted at 50°C compared with 22°C with permeate fluxes of 8.76, 10.50, and 11.18 Lm^-2h^-1 and TS of 26.83, 29.92, and 34.24%, respectively, for the PF22, PF50MS, and PF50HS treatments. The apparent viscosity of the final retentates was 577; 1,513; and 12,805 cP at a constant shear rate of 100 s^-1 for the PF22, PF50MS, and PF50HS treatments, respectively. Standard plate count increased in the high-temperature PF retentates; however, the level was below the acceptable limit as described in the USDA standards for fluid milk. This study determined that PF temperature is an important parameter for improving the filtration performance of MPC. The study establishes guidelines for increasing TS and protein levels in dairy foods production.</p>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of milking performance following two different teat-preparation routines.","authors":"H J Williams, D H Grove-White, R Ridgway, N J Connolly, R Puentes-Garrido, C Watson","doi":"10.3168/jds.2024-25927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2024-25927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to investigate whether the use of an iodine-based predip solution and paper towel (DP routine) reduces the incidence of delayed milk ejection and the recorded vacuum at the teat end, compared with a proprietary teat wipe (WP routine), when forestripping is not part of the teat-preparation routine. Eight experimental milkings, 4 for each teat-preparation routine, were observed on a Holstein dairy herd milking 195 cows 3 times daily through a herringbone parlor. Allocation of routine at the first session was by coin toss, thereafter teat-preparation routine was alternated for each observed session. Parameters extracted from electronic on-farm milk meters included milk yield (kg), milking unit on time (MUOT; s), average milk flow rate (kg/min), maximum milk flow rate (kg/min), milk yield in the first 2 min (kg), percentage of total milk yield in the first 2 min (%), and occurrence of bimodal milking (BIM). Vacuum at the teat level was recorded using digital vacuum recorders and analyzed to determine the average mouthpiece chamber vacuum in front and back quarters during the main milking period. Cow characteristics including parity, DIM, calving date, and 305-d mature-equivalent milk production were obtained from dairy management software. Investigators used timestamps to calculate the duration the operator spent wiping teats and the lag time, which was defined as first application of the wipe or paper towel to cluster attachment. Data from 1,287 milkings (194 cows) were analyzed for milk flow outcomes, and data from 96 milkings (76 cows) were analyzed for vacuum outcomes. Multivariable mixed-effects models demonstrated that the odds of a BIM pattern were higher when the wipe routine was used compared with the dip routine (odds ratio: 1.6). The dip routine was associated with 3.37% more milk produced in the first 2 min, 4.38 s less MUOT, and 2.69 kPa lower average vacuum in the back mouthpiece during main milking, with no significant difference in the front mouthpiece vacuum between the 2 preparation routines. These results indicate that dipping followed by wiping as part of the teat-preparation routine was associated with improved milk ejection and flow compared with using a disinfectant wipe alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of preweaning milk allowance on long-term metabolism in Holstein heifers.","authors":"L N Leal, J B Daniel, J Doelman, B R Keppler, M A Steele, J Martín-Tereso","doi":"10.3168/jds.2024-26005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2024-26005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Suboptimal preweaning nutrition of dairy calves has been causally associated with impaired adult metabolic health and lactation performance. However, the biological mechanisms linking early life nutrient supply and future performance remain insufficiently understood. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize growth, reproductive performance, glucose metabolism, and the metabolic profile of growing heifers fed a restricted (RES) or an elevated (ELE) milk supply preweaning. Heifer calves (n = 86) born from a single herd of ∼120 dairy cows were blocked in pairs by the dam's parity and birth date. Within block, calves were fed an identical colostrum supply and randomly assigned to a milk replacer (MR) allowance level treatment of either 5.41 Mcal of ME in 8 L of MR/d (ELE) or 2.71 Mcal of ME in 4L of MR/d (RES). The MR (150 g/L), containing 24% crude protein, 18% crude fat, and 45% lactose, was fed from d 2 after birth until calves were stepped down by 50% at d 49 and fully weaned at d 56. All calves were kept in individual hutches until wk 10 and had ad libitum access to fresh pelleted calf starter, chopped wheat straw, and water. Starting from wk 8, heifers from both treatments were fed and managed in the same way, and preweaning treatments were blind to caretakers. Blood samples for metabolomics analysis were collected at 330 d of age, and an insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test was conducted at 370 ± 12 d of age. Heifers fed the ELE diet exhibited higher average daily gain in the preweaning period, leading to higher body weight at 70 d of age (+ 9 kg). At 330 d of age, growth advantages were no longer significant, and preweaning nutrition had no effect on age at first service, first service conception rates, age at conception, or number of services per conception. The metabolomic serum data sampled at 330 d of age revealed that carnitine, glycerolipid, and purine metabolism were predicted to be significantly affected by preweaning nutrient supply, reflecting long-term metabolic programming. At 370 d of age, during the first 20 min following the glucose infusion, blood insulin levels were greater (10.3 ng/mL vs. 7.7 ng/mL), the area under the curve for insulin tended to be greater, and insulin sensitivity was lower in RES heifers. Increasing the amount of MR fed to calves preweaning had a sustained impact on metabolic processes, but long-term differences could not be detected in growth or reproductive performance, potentially due to the low number of animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical properties and soluble whey protein composition of local and imported commercial UHT milk in China.","authors":"Shichu Zhou, Meng Wang, Chunyu Xu, Jinhui Fan, Qijing Du, Dengpan Bu, Rongbo Fan, Hongning Jiang, Rongwei Han, Yongxin Yang","doi":"10.3168/jds.2024-26126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2024-26126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultra-high temperature milk occupies a significant share of the Chinese dairy market, featuring various local and imported brands. This study examined the variations in physicochemical properties and whey proteomics among 10 local and imported milk brands available in China. The results showed that local brands exhibited a higher pH and a lower degree of protein structural denaturation compared with the most imported brands. These characteristics indirectly contribute to the lower sedimentation levels observed in local brands. Proteomics analysis revealed that the conserved whey proteins across all brands play critical roles in biological functions such as immune system activities and molecular transport. Moreover, local brands exhibited higher levels of α-lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin compared with Oceania brands. In addition, local brands exhibited higher concentrations of serpin A3-1 and A3-3 compared with the majority of European and North American brands, while displaying reduced levels of cathelicidin-1, cathelicidin-2, and cathelicidin-4. Furthermore, local brands demonstrated a notable increase in the level of the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone BiP when compared with a European brand, although the level of vitamin D-binding protein was found to be lower. The variations in these specific proteins were mainly linked to biological functions associated with immunity and transport. These results contribute to a deeper understanding of the physicochemical and potential biological function disparities among milk from different origins, thereby offering consumers with scientifically grounded and comprehensive information.</p>","PeriodicalId":354,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Dairy Science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}