Prague medical report最新文献_第3页

Changes in Cerebral Hemodynamics in Patients with Hypertension and Post-Covid. 高血压患者及新冠肺炎后脑血流动力学的变化。

Prague medical report Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.14712/23362936.2026.4

Oleksii Khaniukov, Viktoriia Krotova, Svitlana Panina, Olena Soya, Liubov Krotova

{"title":"Changes in Cerebral Hemodynamics in Patients with Hypertension and Post-Covid.","authors":"Oleksii Khaniukov, Viktoriia Krotova, Svitlana Panina, Olena Soya, Liubov Krotova","doi":"10.14712/23362936.2026.4","DOIUrl":"10.14712/23362936.2026.4","url":null,"abstract":"The study results are based on the data of examination of 73 patients with controlled hypertension of the II stage. The 1st study group consisted of patients with hypertension and history of Covid-19 infection (36 patients), the 2nd group - patients with hypertension was the control group. All patients were examined using ultrasound duplex scanning of head and neck vessels. The state of cerebrovascular reserve was studied according to the method of Lelyuk - the morphofunctional state of the middle cerebral artery in hypo- and hyperventilation. The vasomotor reactivity index was calculated. Statistical analysis methods were in accordance with generally accepted international standards. Thickening of the intimal media complex of the carotid arteries during ultrasound scanning of head and neck vessels was observed in 73 (100%) patients (intimal media complex more than 0.9 mm) in the area of maximum visual thickening. The vasomotor reactivity index in patients of the 1st study group was 35.4 (11.0; 49.2), in patients of the 2nd group - 46.7 (26.8; 76.4), which is a statistically significant difference, p=0.002, including the distribution of mean values and their descriptions in terms of the median and interquartile range Me (25%; 75%). Thus, patients with controlled hypertension and the history of Covid-19 infection were shown to have impaired cerebral blood flow, which was manifested by a decrease in the vasomotor reactivity index. When examining the main arteries of the head and neck, the vasomotor reactivity index should be determined to assess the state of cerebral hemodynamics and develop treatment measures.","PeriodicalId":35490,"journal":{"name":"Prague medical report","volume":"127 1","pages":"27-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147475609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Clinical Insight into Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome: Diagnostic Challenges. 冯·希佩尔-林道综合征的临床洞察：诊断挑战。

Prague medical report Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.14712/23362936.2026.27

Giulia Andreia Curvelo Rosado, Alessa Cury da Cunha, Márcio Luís Duarte, Vinicius Moreira Godoy de Abreu

{"title":"A Clinical Insight into Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome: Diagnostic Challenges.","authors":"Giulia Andreia Curvelo Rosado, Alessa Cury da Cunha, Márcio Luís Duarte, Vinicius Moreira Godoy de Abreu","doi":"10.14712/23362936.2026.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23362936.2026.27","url":null,"abstract":"Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome is a rare hereditary disorder characterised by the development of multiple benign and malignant tumours across various organs. Caused by mutations in the VHL tumour suppressor gene, it presents a wide range of clinical manifestations, including retinal haemangioblastomas, central nervous system tumours, renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic lesions, and phaeochromocytomas. This report describes the case of a 35-year-old woman who presented with visual impairment and abdominal masses. Imaging revealed typical VHL manifestations, including bilateral renal lesions and pancreatic involvement. Genetic testing confirmed the diagnosis. The patient underwent staged partial nephrectomies, with histopathology confirming clear cell renal cell carcinoma in both kidneys. This case highlights the importance of recognising the variable clinical and radiological presentations of VHL syndrome. Early diagnosis and multidisciplinary management are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality. Increased awareness and regular surveillance are critical for timely detection and intervention in patients with VHL syndrome.","PeriodicalId":35490,"journal":{"name":"Prague medical report","volume":"127 3","pages":"211-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Median Diaphragmatic Cyst Radiologically Consistent with a Mesothelial Cyst in a Young Adult: A Case Report. 青年人中膈囊肿影像学表现与间皮囊肿一致：1例报告。

Prague medical report Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.14712/23362936.2026.28

Gianmichele Muscatella, Manuela Montatore, Federica Masino, Rossella Gifuni, Alessio Sciacqua, Pierluigi De Chirico, Marina Balbino, Giuseppe Guglielmi

引用次数: 0

Clinical Presentation and Surgical Management of Liver Hemangioma: A Single-center Retrospective-prospective Study of 101 Cases. 101例肝血管瘤的临床表现和手术治疗：单中心回顾性前瞻性研究。

Prague medical report Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.14712/23362936.2026.23

Evgeni Nikolaev, Mirela Vylcheva, Daniel Kostov

{"title":"Clinical Presentation and Surgical Management of Liver Hemangioma: A Single-center Retrospective-prospective Study of 101 Cases.","authors":"Evgeni Nikolaev, Mirela Vylcheva, Daniel Kostov","doi":"10.14712/23362936.2026.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23362936.2026.23","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between tumour size and the clinical manifestation of hepatic hemangiomas, with the overarching goal of improving criteria for surgical decision-making. This study was conducted at the Surgery Clinics of the Military Medical Academy in Sofia, Bulgaria, between 2010 and 2023, and analysed clinical presentation, imaging diagnosis, and surgical management of hepatic hemangiomas in 101 patients based on prospective and retrospective data. Approximately 58.42% of patients presented with such symptoms as abdominal discomfort, and palpable masses during examination, while another 31.68% incidentally discovered the condition, highlighting the importance of routine imaging. Statistical analyses revealed a very strong positive correlation between the tumour size and the intensity of clinical symptoms (Spearman's rs=0.628, p<0.001) and hence, larger lesions were more likely to produce symptomatic manifestations. It was further shown through logistic regression that patients above 75 years had an 18-fold increase in the chances of diagnostic uncertainty than younger patients (odds ratio = 18.8%, confidence interval: 1.5-217.8, p=0.023). Despite the presence of variations in tumour size and presentation, operative outcomes remained consistent across both symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. These findings provided a robust rationale for the implementation of a standardized, size-based classification system to guide clinical decision-making and personalized treatment strategies. The results of this study provide practical guidance for improving the selection criteria for surgical intervention in hepatic hemangiomas, enabling clinicians to better stratify patients based on tumour size, symptomatology, and diagnostic clarity.","PeriodicalId":35490,"journal":{"name":"Prague medical report","volume":"127 3","pages":"163-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Rare Mimicker of Malignancy: Inflammatory Cloacogenic Polyp Presenting as Obstruction in a Colon Cancer Survivor. 一种罕见的恶性肿瘤模仿者：在结肠癌幸存者中表现为梗阻的炎性阴囊性息肉。

Prague medical report Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.14712/23362936.2026.29

Nur Bazlaah Bahari, Khairul Hazim Hamdan, Nur Allaiyna Ferdaus Kamudin, Ling Tze Tan, Firdaus Hayati

引用次数: 0

Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Mimicking Orbital Cellulitis: A Diagnostic Dilemma. 非霍奇金淋巴瘤模拟眼眶蜂窝织炎：诊断困境。

Prague medical report Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.14712/23362936.2026.16

Praggya Mishra, Mamta Singh, Prateek Sihag, Garima Upreti, Parth Goswami, Manish Agarwal

{"title":"Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Mimicking Orbital Cellulitis: A Diagnostic Dilemma.","authors":"Praggya Mishra, Mamta Singh, Prateek Sihag, Garima Upreti, Parth Goswami, Manish Agarwal","doi":"10.14712/23362936.2026.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23362936.2026.16","url":null,"abstract":"We reported a rare case of disseminated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) initially presenting as refractory orbital cellulitis in a 53-year-old male. The patient presented with acute periorbital swelling, pain, and restricted ocular motility, unresponsive to broad-spectrum antibiotics. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed extensive sinusitis with a peripherally enhancing medial extraconal orbital mass and adjacent bony erosions. A prompt functional endoscopic sinus surgery and histopathology revealed a poorly differentiated malignant neoplasm. Immunohistochemistry confirmed DLBCL, non-germinal center B-cell subtype. Systemic evaluation with whole-body MRI and fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography demonstrated widespread dissemination involving the lungs, gastrointestinal tract, adrenal glands, and skeleton. The patient was initiated on required chemoimmunotherapy with central nervous system prophylaxis and remains under oncology follow-up. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge posed by orbital lymphoma mimicking infectious orbital cellulitis and underscores the need for early imaging and tissue diagnosis in culture-negative, non-resolving cases. A high index of suspicion and multidisciplinary collaboration are essential for timely diagnosis and effective management.","PeriodicalId":35490,"journal":{"name":"Prague medical report","volume":"127 2","pages":"110-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148279130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cytological Diagnosis of a Rare Case of Buccal Mucosa Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Malignant Pleural Effusion and Review of Literature. 口腔黏膜鳞状细胞癌合并恶性胸腔积液1例的细胞学诊断及文献复习。

Prague medical report Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.14712/23362936.2026.17

Epsita Das, Priyanka Singh, Mukul Singh, Sunil Ranga

引用次数: 0

PD-L1 Expression in Gliomas: A Potential Immunotherapeutic Target in High-grade Tumours. 胶质瘤中PD-L1的表达：高级别肿瘤的潜在免疫治疗靶点

Prague medical report Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.14712/23362936.2026.3

Ayushi Agarwal, Charanjeet Ahluwalia, Kepeemadam Balasubramanyam Shankar, Sana Ahuja

{"title":"PD-L1 Expression in Gliomas: A Potential Immunotherapeutic Target in High-grade Tumours.","authors":"Ayushi Agarwal, Charanjeet Ahluwalia, Kepeemadam Balasubramanyam Shankar, Sana Ahuja","doi":"10.14712/23362936.2026.3","DOIUrl":"10.14712/23362936.2026.3","url":null,"abstract":"Gliomas are the most common primary tumours of the central nervous system, with glioblastoma (grade 4 glioma) being the most malignant form. Despite standard therapy, patient survival remains poor. Immune checkpoint blockade targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis has shown promise in other cancers, but its role in gliomas remains under investigation. This study evaluates PD-L1 expression in gliomas and its correlation with tumour grade. A total of 50 histologically confirmed glioma cases were studied. Tumours were graded according to WHO 2021 CNS classification, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed using antibodies for IDH, ATRX, TP53, Ki67, and PD-L1. PD-L1 expression was scored using an immunoreactivity scale, and its association with tumour grade was analysed using ordinal regression. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Among the 50 gliomas, the majority were astrocytoma, IDH-mutant (54%) followed by glioblastoma, IDH-wild type (26%). Most tumours were grade 4 (44%), grade 2 (34%), or grade 3 (18%). PD-L1 expression was detected exclusively in grade 4 tumours, with 6 of 22 (27.27%) cases showing positive expression. No expression was noted in grade 1-3 tumours. The association between PD-L1 expression and tumour grade was statistically significant (p=0.007). PD-L1 expression is limited to high-grade (grade 4) gliomas, suggesting a role in immune evasion. These findings support the potential utility of PD-L1 as a biomarker to identify glioma patients who may benefit from anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.","PeriodicalId":35490,"journal":{"name":"Prague medical report","volume":"127 1","pages":"21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147475757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Siliconomas and Sepsis from Illegal Silicone Injections. 非法硅胶注射导致的硅瘤和败血症。

Prague medical report Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.14712/23362936.2026.30

Manuela Montatore, Gianmichele Muscatella, Federica Masino, Alessio Sciacqua, Marina Balbino, Rossella Gifuni, Giuseppe Guglielmi

引用次数: 0

Vaccine Prophylaxis of Viral Hepatitis B among the Adult Population in the City of Jalal-Abad (Kyrgyz Republic). 贾拉拉巴德市（吉尔吉斯共和国）成人病毒性乙型肝炎的疫苗预防

Prague medical report Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.14712/23362936.2026.26

Saparbai Zholdoshev, Nemat Temirov, Myskal Abdikerimova, Sabira Salieva, Begimai Abdimomunova

{"title":"Vaccine Prophylaxis of Viral Hepatitis B among the Adult Population in the City of Jalal-Abad (Kyrgyz Republic).","authors":"Saparbai Zholdoshev, Nemat Temirov, Myskal Abdikerimova, Sabira Salieva, Begimai Abdimomunova","doi":"10.14712/23362936.2026.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/23362936.2026.26","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis B virus remains a significant public health threat, especially in regions with limited access to healthcare services. The main objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of vaccination and identify the main barriers to its implementation, which could serve as a basis for optimizing immunization programmes in the region. In Jalal-Abad (Kyrgyz Republic), the screening study showed that the vaccination coverage rate among the adult population was critically low at only 3%, which is significantly lower than the level required for the formation of herd immunity. In 2023, 2,126 people were tested out of a total of 71,307 adult residents of the city, which is only 3% of the target group. A positive result for HBsAg was found in 70 people (3.3%). The vaccination procedure was completed by 2,483 people, most of whom were in the 50-59 age group (63.4 per 1,000 population). Gender analysis showed that 68.1% of those vaccinated were women, while the share of men was only 31.9%. The study identified a number of barriers, including limited access to healthcare services, lack of awareness of the risks of hepatitis B and the importance of vaccination, and logistical challenges. The findings support expanding vaccination through mobile units, integrated public health services, and culturally adapted information campaigns to improve uptake and reduce hepatitis B prevalence among underserved adults.","PeriodicalId":35490,"journal":{"name":"Prague medical report","volume":"127 3","pages":"197-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0