Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research最新文献_第5页

Composition Studies on Tobacco XXXlX: Changes in Smoke Composition and Filtration by Artificial Alteration of Smoke pH: Formic and Acetic Acids and Volatile Phenols 烟草成分研究XXXlX:人工改变烟雾pH值对烟雾成分和过滤的影响;甲酸、乙酸和挥发性酚

Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1969-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2013-0224

L. Lakritz, R. Stedman, E. D. Strange

{"title":"Composition Studies on Tobacco XXXlX: Changes in Smoke Composition and Filtration by Artificial Alteration of Smoke pH: Formic and Acetic Acids and Volatile Phenols","authors":"L. Lakritz, R. Stedman, E. D. Strange","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0224","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The levels of formic and acetic acids in the free acid and salt forms in unfiltered smoke are reduced when smoke pH is lowered from 5.6 to 4.2 using lactic acid as the cigarette additive. The acid levels are increased markedly when unfiltered smoke is alkalinized to pH 8.2 using dipropylamine as the cigarette additive. The variability of the analytical method prevented detection of small degrees of selective filtration of the acids. Although indications of selective removal were obtained in smoke of pH 4.2-7.9, using cellulose acetate filters with or without activated carbon, the variability did not permit a firm demonstration of this effect with one exception: a distinct selective removal of acetic acid was observed in smoke of pH 4.2 using a multiple filter. The use of formic acid as a cigarette additive to lower the pH of unfiltered smoke results in a significant increase in the major phenols therein. No change in levels of smoke phenols is observed when dipropylamine is used as a cigarette additive to alkalinize the smoke. An increase in selective removal of smoke phenols occurs when smoke pH is depressed from 5.8-6.1 to 4.4-4.9 using filters of cellulose acetate with or without activated carbon. Selectivity is lost when smoke pH is raised to 7.9 using the alkaline cigarette additive.","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84511644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Temperature-Yield Profiles of Tobacco and Tobacco Constituents. II. Yields of Phenol and Cresols from Untreated and Borate-Treated Cellulose and Lignin 烟草及烟草成分的温度-产量特征。2未经处理和硼酸处理的纤维素和木质素中苯酚和甲酚的产率

Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1969-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2013-0227

J. F. Benner, H. Burton, D. Burdick

{"title":"Temperature-Yield Profiles of Tobacco and Tobacco Constituents. II. Yields of Phenol and Cresols from Untreated and Borate-Treated Cellulose and Lignin","authors":"J. F. Benner, H. Burton, D. Burdick","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0227","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The data obtained from the isothermal pyrolysis of untreated and borate-treated cellulose and lignin show that borate salts influence the yields of phenol, o-cresol, and m-,p-cresol from these two tobacco leaf constituents. The observed differences between the level of phenol from tobacco and borate-treated tobacco can be at least partially attributed to the effect of borate salts on the pyrolysis of lignin and cellulose. It must be emphasized, however, that the contribution of cellulose and lignin to the formation of phenol and cresols obtained from the pyrolysis of tobacco should not be quantitatively compared with the level of phenol and cresols obtained from the pyrolysis of pure cellulose and lignin. This is also true of borate-treated cellulose and borate-treated lignin. The main conclusion from this study is that borate salts do affect the recovery of phenol and cresols from leaf constituents such as lignin and cellulose and may be partially responsible for the increased levels of phenol obtained from the isothermal pyrolysis of borate-treated tobacco.","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90202301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Composition Studies on Tobacco XXXVIII: Evidence for the Origin of the High Molecular Weight, Acidic Pigment in Cigarette Smoke Condensate 烟草成分研究第三十八:卷烟烟气冷凝物中高分子量酸性色素来源的证据

Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1969-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2013-0223

R. Stedman, R. C. Benedict, M. Dymicky, D. G. Bailey

{"title":"Composition Studies on Tobacco XXXVIII: Evidence for the Origin of the High Molecular Weight, Acidic Pigment in Cigarette Smoke Condensate","authors":"R. Stedman, R. C. Benedict, M. Dymicky, D. G. Bailey","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0223","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The yields of acidic brown pigment isolated from cigarette smoke collected and stored under various conditions show no significant differences; however, some tendency may exist for a small increase in yield on extended storage of the condensate in traps at -79°C or in acetone solution at room temperature. The molecular weights of subfractions of the pigment are variable when the pigment is immediately isolated from freshly prepared condensate. Storage of condensate results in a higher proportion of high molecular weight subfraction in the pigment in all cases. Both leaf and condensate pigments sublime at high temperature and low pressure yielding a sublimate that contains some subfractions with molecular weights of the same general magnitude as those in the isolated condensate pigment. Nicotine may be acquired as a moiety in the condensate pigment through artifact reactions in the collection system or during the isolation. However, the nicotine acquired in this way apparently represents a very small amount of the total saponifiable nicotine in the pigment. The acetic acid moiety of the condensate pigment is not acquired by such artifact reactions. Although part of the condensate pigment structure may be formed through reactions in the collection system or during isolation, no evidence was obtained that the condensate pigment is largely an artifact.","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86106685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Determination of Semi-Volatiles in Cigarette Smoke by the Combination of Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry/Analyse der „Semi-Volatiles“ aus Cigarettenrauch mit Hilfe einer Kombination von hochauflösender Gaschromatographie mit Massenspektrometrie 西加蕾特烟雾中发现的气体半频波动是由粒子探测仪和质谱仪相结合决定的

Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1969-08-01 DOI: 10.2478/CTTR-2013-0216

K. Grob, J. Völlmin

引用次数: 1

Comparison of Smoke Condensate and Nicotine Yields Obtained from Three Different Smoking Machines I/ Vergleich der Rauchausbeuten von drei verschiedenen Rauchmaschinen l 三种不同烟机烟凝析液和烟碱产率的比较[j] / Vergleich der Rauchausbeuten von drei verschiedenen Rauchmaschinen

Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1969-08-01 DOI: 10.2478/CTTR-2013-0214

G. Lipp

引用次数: 2

Factors Influencing the Elution of High-Boiling Components of Cigarette Smoke from Filters 香烟过滤嘴中高沸点成分洗脱的影响因素

Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1969-08-01 DOI: 10.2478/CTTR-2013-0218

J. G. Curran, E. Miller

{"title":"Factors Influencing the Elution of High-Boiling Components of Cigarette Smoke from Filters","authors":"J. G. Curran, E. Miller","doi":"10.2478/CTTR-2013-0218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/CTTR-2013-0218","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The transfer of high-boiling cigarette smoke components from a filter to the trapping system was studied by adding carbon-14 labelled compounds to filters, smoking cigarettes attached to them, and determining the radioactivity which had escaped from the filter. Transfer or elution was slight when air was puffed through the filter, but appreciable when smoke was puffed through it. Elution is proposed to take place as a result of a compound's vapourizing from a fiber and, instead of recondensing on the fiber, being trapped by an aerosol particle which subsequently escapes from the filter. The effect of the properties of the compound being studied, the aerosol properties, and the filter parameters on elution were investigated. From the study of elution of several compounds on an individual-puff basis, it was found that the relative affinity between the eluted compound and the aerosol or the filter has an important influence on elution. Use of straight-chain hydrocarbons led to the conclusion that there is a linear relationship between percentage of elution and the logarithm of the vapour pressure of the compound being eluted by cigarette smoke. Decrease in aerosol concentration decreases elution; increase in filter and/or aerosol temperature increases elution. Aerosol composition can be important in elution behaviour, as in the apparent relationship between increased moisture content of the aerosol and increased elution of nicotine during the last puffs. Increase in filter length slightly decreases elution, decrease in total denier slightly decreases elution, and change in denier per filament causes no change in elution.","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76069258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Herbicide Residues in Tobacco Leaves and their Transfer into the Smoke: Urea Herbicides Patoran® and Molipan® 烟草叶片中除草剂残留及其向烟雾中的转移:尿素除草剂Patoran®和Molipan®

Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1969-08-01 DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2013-0221

R. Corbaz, A. Artho, P. Ceschini, M. Häusermann, J. Plantefève

{"title":"Herbicide Residues in Tobacco Leaves and their Transfer into the Smoke: Urea Herbicides Patoran® and Molipan®","authors":"R. Corbaz, A. Artho, P. Ceschini, M. Häusermann, J. Plantefève","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0221","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The herbicides Patoran ( = Metobromuron) and Molipan ( = Monolinuron + Linuron), when applied to the soil previous to planting in concentrations of 4 and 2.5 kgs/ha, respectively, were not toxic to the tobacco plant, but controlled most of the weeds except Veronica persica and Mercurialis annua. In the air-cured tobacco, the Patoran residue was about 1.2 ppm; it was independent of the leaf position and unchanged after fermentation, but higher in the laminae (1.2 ppm) than in the midrib (0.2 ppm). The Molipan residues were higher in the lower (2 ppm) than in the upper leaves (1 ppm) and decreased after fermentation by approximately 40 %; the laminae contained more residues than the midrib. When the tobacco was smoked as cigarettes about 4 % of the Patoran residue was transferred into the mainstream smoke; another 10 % was found in the smoke condensate after pyrolytical degradation to 4-bromoaniline. The transfer rates for the Molipan residues were 2.5 % for monolinuron (plus 10 % recovered as 4-chloroaniline) and 6 % for linuron (plus 20 % recovered as 3,4-dichloroaniline). The retention of these residues from the mainstream smoke by cellulose and cellulose acetate cigarette filters was of the same order of magnitude as the retention of nicotine. Different analytical principles were applied for the residue determinations in tobacco (as azo dyes by spectrophotometry) and in smoke condensate (as bromo-iodo- and chloro-iodo-benzenes by pulsed ECD gaschromatography). The analytical procedures are given in detail.","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1969-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89591133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Temperature-Yield Profiles of Tobacco and Tobacco Constituents l: Borate-Treated and Untreated Tobacco 烟草和烟草成分的温度-产量分布:硼酸处理和未处理烟草

Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1969-08-01 DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2013-0220

J. F. Benner, Harold R. Burton, Donald Burdick

引用次数: 0

The Determination of Hydrogen Cyanide in Cigarette Smoke/Ueber die Bestimmung von Cyanwasserstoff im Cigarettenrauch 卷烟烟气中氰化氢的测定/卷烟烟气中氰化氢的测定

Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1969-08-01 DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2013-0217

A. Artho, R. Koch

引用次数: 4

A Fraction Trapping and Transfer Device for the Analysis of Cigarette Smoke 一种用于香烟烟雾分析的馏分捕获和传递装置

Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1969-08-01 DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2013-0215

J. Graham

引用次数: 0