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Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research最新文献

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A Procedure for Measuring the Apparent Specific Volume of Cut Tobacco: A Contribution to Measuring Techniques / Zur Bestimmung des scheinbaren spezifischen Volumens von Schnittabak: Ein Beitrag zur Messtechnik 绝种技术补充需要:对绝种技术需要的补充:对绝种技术补充:对绝种技术补充
Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1964-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2013-0067
A. Artho
{"title":"A Procedure for Measuring the Apparent Specific Volume of Cut Tobacco: A Contribution to Measuring Techniques / Zur Bestimmung des scheinbaren spezifischen Volumens von Schnittabak: Ein Beitrag zur Messtechnik","authors":"A. Artho","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0067","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A procedure for measuring the apparent specific volume of shredded tobacco is described. It differs from previously reported methods mainly in that air pressure is used to compress the tobacco and is therefore particularly suited for studies of the relationship between compression and apparent specific volume.","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":"71 1","pages":"143 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72907675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparison of the Yields of Selected Components in the Smoke of Different Tobacco Products / Vergleich der Ausbeute an mehreren ausgewählten Komponenten im Rauch verschiedener Tabakerzeugnisse 在不同的烟草工业危机中比较不同的制品和不同的制品
Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1964-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2013-0065
D. Hoffmann, G. Rathkamp, E. Wynder
{"title":"Comparison of the Yields of Selected Components in the Smoke of Different Tobacco Products / Vergleich der Ausbeute an mehreren ausgewählten Komponenten im Rauch verschiedener Tabakerzeugnisse","authors":"D. Hoffmann, G. Rathkamp, E. Wynder","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0065","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Smoke of a plain 85 mm cigarette, 2 types of cigars, a pipe with standard pipe tobacco, a pipe filled with cigarette tobacco, and a Syrian water pipe was analysed for the mainstream particulate matter, nicotine, benzo[a]pyrene, and phenols. On the basis of equal weights of tobacco consumed, cigarettes gave the highest yields of both nicotine and particulate materials, with lesser amounts, in decreasing order, obtained from an American-type pipe, cigars, and an oriental water pipe. The highest value from 100 g tobacco for benzo[a]pyrene, 27.0 µg, and phenol, 68.7 mg, was found in the smoke of a pipe filled with standard pipe tobacco. A pipe filled with cigarette tobacco yielded benzo[a]pyrene, 10.5 µg, phenol, 21.2 mg; cigarette smoke, benzo[a]pyrene, 7.8 µg, phenol, 25.4 mg; cigar smoke, benzo[a]pyrene, 4.0 and 5.1 µg, phenol, 7.4 and 10.7 mg, with the lowest values for the smoke from an oriental water pipe, benzo[a]pyrene 1.7 µg, phenol, 1.8 mg. The water-filled oriental pipe retained about 90 percent of the phenol of the original smoke. Particulate matter, nicotine, and benzo[a]pyrene were retained to a lesser degree by the water (about 50 %). Increased puff frequency resulted in higher yields of all 4 groups of compounds in the mainstream smoke. Values at 2 puffs per minute frequency ranged from 50 to 120% higher than those at 1 puff per minute when the other smoking factors were held constant. Since biological tests and comparisons of the carcinogenicity of the condensates of cigarettes, cigars, and pipes have previously been carried out on equal weights of condensate, the analytical results of this study were compared in the same manner. One g of the smoke condensates from 85 mm plain cigarettes, 2 types of cigars, and a standard pipe contain 1.25, 3.6, 3.9 and 6.0 µg benzo[a]pyrene, respectively. The corresponding phenol values were 4.1, 6.7, 8.2 and 15.0 mg per 1 g smoke condensate","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":"33 1","pages":"123 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83671108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Examination of Volatile Bases in Tobacco / Untersuchung der Flüchtigen Basen des Tabaks 产生烟草挥发性极致的碱基。检查烟草的挥发性碱基
Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1964-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2013-0085
G. Neurath, H. Ehmke, K. Müller
{"title":"Examination of Volatile Bases in Tobacco / Untersuchung der Flüchtigen Basen des Tabaks","authors":"G. Neurath, H. Ehmke, K. Müller","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0085","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A method for the determination of the steam-volatile non-pyridinic bases content of tobacco is described. 140 varieties of tobacco were examined. Burley tobaccos were found to contain 0.35 to 1.36 per cent of nitrogen in the form of low-boiling volatile amines. Oriental tobaccos contained 0.20 to 0.55 per cent and Virginia tobaccos of different origin contained 0.15 to 0.35 per cent. Methods of controlling the content of volatile bases in tobacco are discussed.","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":"2 1","pages":"321 - 332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87895509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Filling Capacity of Cut Tobacco. Method of Determination Developed by the „Centre d’Essais et Recherches Techniques du S.E.I.T.A.” / Die Füllfähigkeit von Schnittabak: Bestimmungsmethode des “Centre d'Essais et Recherches Techniques du S.E.I.T.A.” 削减烟草的填充能力。由“测试和技术研究中心”开发的测定方法/ Die fullfahigkeit von Schnittabak:“测试和技术研究中心”的Bestimmungsmethode
Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1964-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2013-0075
A. Pietrucci
{"title":"Filling Capacity of Cut Tobacco. Method of Determination Developed by the „Centre d’Essais et Recherches Techniques du S.E.I.T.A.” / Die Füllfähigkeit von Schnittabak: Bestimmungsmethode des “Centre d'Essais et Recherches Techniques du S.E.I.T.A.”","authors":"A. Pietrucci","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0075","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The quantity of tobacco which is necessary for the correct filling of a cigarette depends on different factors and particularly on the filling weight (apparent density) of tobacco rag at a given pressure. Some years ago the ''Centre d'Essais'' of the SEITA developed an apparatus by which the filling weight being related to the filling capacity can be measured. The present paper describes the apparatus and its working conditions and deals with the causes of errors by which the measurements can be influenced.","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"217 - 221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90960275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Influence of Tobacco Moisture Content of Cigarettes on the Composition of Mainstream Smoke Yield III /Einfluss des Feuchtigkeitsgehaltes von Cigaretten auf die Zusammensetzung des Rauches lll 《癌症癌症挑战主流烟尘第三集
Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1964-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2013-0088
G. Neurath, H. Ehmke, H. Horstmann
{"title":"The Influence of Tobacco Moisture Content of Cigarettes on the Composition of Mainstream Smoke Yield III /Einfluss des Feuchtigkeitsgehaltes von Cigaretten auf die Zusammensetzung des Rauches lll","authors":"G. Neurath, H. Ehmke, H. Horstmann","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0088","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The influence of tobacco moisture on the content of condensate, nicotine, and total phenols in the side stream smoke of a plain cigarette was studied. More condensate is formed from burned tobacco during the puff intervals than during the puffs themselves. With increasing moisture content the concentrations of nicotine and phenols rise in the side stream condensate and decrease in the mainstream condensate. This effect disappears by extrapolation to the moisture content zero. The total quantity of regained nicotine decreases with increasing moisture content. The formation of phenols decreases with increasing moisture content by about 20 per cent.","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":"140 1","pages":"361 - 369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89218218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
The Statistic Apparatus Type 611 Developed by Güttinger and its Practical Meaning for Quality Control / Das Statistic-Gerät (Typ 611) der Firma Güttinger und seine praktische Bedeutung fuer die Qualitätskontrolle 他们是guttinger公司唯一的折衷发展机械制品guttinger公司唯一的折衷设备(611型仪器)及其在质量控制方面的实际意义
Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1964-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2013-0076
M. von Bethmann
{"title":"The Statistic Apparatus Type 611 Developed by Güttinger and its Practical Meaning for Quality Control / Das Statistic-Gerät (Typ 611) der Firma Güttinger und seine praktische Bedeutung fuer die Qualitätskontrolle","authors":"M. von Bethmann","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0076","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present paper reports on experiences gained, in practice, by the use of the statistic apparatus type 611 of the firm of Güttinger. By means of transmitting keys the transistorized calculating machine permits the determination of mean values and standard deviations of ten classes comprising 99 pieces each. It is demonstrated that several classes can combine and that piece numbers exceeding the mentioned limit can be adjusted by division without diminishing significantly the accuracy of the resulting values.","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"223 - 230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75528582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Standardized Regulations For the Analysis of Tobacco and Tobacco Smoke / Einheitliche Vorschriften für die Analyse von Tabak und Tabakrauch 烟草和烟草烟雾分析的标准化规定/ Einheitliche Vorschriften f<e:1>或die Analyse von Tabak und Tabakrauch
Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1964-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2013-0070
Wissenschaftliche Forschungsstelle im Verband der
{"title":"Standardized Regulations For the Analysis of Tobacco and Tobacco Smoke / Einheitliche Vorschriften für die Analyse von Tabak und Tabakrauch","authors":"Wissenschaftliche Forschungsstelle im Verband der","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0070","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract 7. Vorschrift für die Messung der Luftdurchlässigkeit von Cigarettenpapier 7.1 Apparatur 7.2 Dichtigkeitsprüfung 7.3 Messung 7.4 Berechnung","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":"150 1","pages":"157 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77588734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Resolutions of the 5th Tobacco-Colloquium 1963 Regarding the Nomenclature of Air Permeability of Cigarette Paper and Related Terms / Beschlüsse des V. Tabak-Kolloquiums 1963 zur Nomenklatur der Luftdurchlässigkeit von Cigarettenpapier und verwandter Begriffe 1963年校长重申《第五届烟草会议》1963年烟草会议
Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1964-01-01 DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2013-0069
G. Lipp
{"title":"Resolutions of the 5th Tobacco-Colloquium 1963 Regarding the Nomenclature of Air Permeability of Cigarette Paper and Related Terms / Beschlüsse des V. Tabak-Kolloquiums 1963 zur Nomenklatur der Luftdurchlässigkeit von Cigarettenpapier und verwandter Begriffe","authors":"G. Lipp","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0069","url":null,"abstract":"In einer zurüddiegenden Arbeit über neue Methoden zur Messung der Porosität von Cigarettenpapier und des Ventilationsgrades von Cigaretten (1) hatten wir Definitionen der mit diesem Gebiet zusammenhängenden Begriffe und Maßeinheiten vorgeschlagen. Nach eingehender Diskussion dieser Vorschläge beschloß das V. Tabak-Kolloquium 1963 in Paris (2.) die Annahme der folgenden Definitionen, wobei vor allem der Begriff \"Porosität\" durch \"Luftdurchlässigkeit\" ersetzt wurde.","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"151 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1964-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78788390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Influence of Tobacco Moisture Content on the Composition of Mainstream Smoke Yield as well as on the Temperature in the Combustion Zone / Einfluss des Feuchtigkeitsgehaltes von Cigaretten auf die Zusammensetzung des Rauches und die Glutzonentemperatur 烟草灰的挑战一
Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1963-10-01 DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2013-0060
G. Neurath, H. Horstmann
{"title":"The Influence of Tobacco Moisture Content on the Composition of Mainstream Smoke Yield as well as on the Temperature in the Combustion Zone / Einfluss des Feuchtigkeitsgehaltes von Cigaretten auf die Zusammensetzung des Rauches und die Glutzonentemperatur","authors":"G. Neurath, H. Horstmann","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0060","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The authors studied the influence of tobacco moisture content on yield and composition of total particulate matter as well as on the temperature in the combustion zone of plain cigarettes. Total particulate matter and single components of the smoke can best be correlated with the dry weight of tobacco burnt in the mainstream. These figures are estimated by semi quantitative measures. The yield of dry total particulate matter is independent of tobacco moisture content if calculated on the basis mentioned above. The nicotine content of the smoke decreases with increasing moisture content of tobacco. Calculations on the where about of total nicotine suggest that nicotine is increasingly decomposed in the presence of moisture. The yield of 1,2- and 3,4-benzopyrene rises with increasing moisture content but with different slopes. The temperature of the combustion zone is independent of tobacco moisture content. The chemical and catalytic importance of moisture in smoking processes is mentioned.","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"100 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1963-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86982000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Mechanical Smoking Using a Pressure Procedure - A New Smoking Procedure and its Application Conditions / Druckverrauchen - Eine neue Abrauchmethode und Möglichkeiten ihrer Anwendung 机械燕尾服使用了语言处理器—新燕尾服和新应用处理器/压力消融—这是一种新的抽模方法和方式
Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research Pub Date : 1963-10-01 DOI: 10.2478/cttr-2013-0058
G. Neurath, R. Kröger
{"title":"Mechanical Smoking Using a Pressure Procedure - A New Smoking Procedure and its Application Conditions / Druckverrauchen - Eine neue Abrauchmethode und Möglichkeiten ihrer Anwendung","authors":"G. Neurath, R. Kröger","doi":"10.2478/cttr-2013-0058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2013-0058","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present paper describes a new method of mechanical smoking using a pressure procedure and condensing the smoke by means of a nozzle. The advantage of the described procedure consists in the possibility of direct application of native condensate in biological tests without uncontrolled aging effects. The apparatus permits to condense and analyse the sidestream smoke separately","PeriodicalId":35431,"journal":{"name":"Beitrage zur Tabakforschung International/ Contributions to Tobacco Research","volume":"137 1","pages":"81 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1963-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86449597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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