Environmental Quality Management最新文献

{"title":"Zinc Oxide–Based Grätzel Cells Employing Anthocyanin Dye Sensitizers Emphasizing Environmental Sustainability","authors":"Nalzala Thomas Mary Rosana,&nbsp;Kanniyambatti Lourdusamy Vincent Joseph,&nbsp;Jagadeesan Aravind Kumar","doi":"10.1002/tqem.22319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tqem.22319","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research is centered on the investigation of a dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) with a particular focus on the utilization of anthocyanin as a sensitizing agent, in conjunction with zinc oxide (ZnO) and lithium-doped ZnO aggregates. A notable feature of this study is its emphasis on employing cost-effective materials in the fabrication process, aligning with the quest for sustainable and economically viable solar cell technologies. This study explores a DSSC, specifically employing anthocyanin as a sensitizer, along with ZnO and lithium-doped ZnO aggregates. The fabrication utilizes cost-effective materials. The research delves into morphological studies of both ZnO and its doped counterpart. Fourier transform infrared spectra were recorded for both crude and purified dyes extracted from purple cabbage. The current density–voltage profile highlights superior power conversion efficiency in the DSSC using purified dye from purple cabbage sensitized with lithium-doped ZnO semiconductor. Overall, these experimental findings underscore the potential of anthocyanin pigments for efficient energy conversion within the realm of renewable energy technologies. By employing low-cost materials and thoroughly investigating the morphological and spectroscopic properties of the involved components, this research contributes to the ongoing efforts in advancing clean and sustainable solar cell technologies, thereby paving the achievement of environmental sustainability.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":35327,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Quality Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142158572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multivariate Investigation of Groundwater Chemistry Data in Barak River Valley, South Assam, India","authors":"Akan Barhai,&nbsp;Suchismita Das","doi":"10.1002/tqem.22316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tqem.22316","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The present study investigated seven physico-chemical parameters (depth, pH, chloride, and hardness) and trace elements (arsenic [As], copper [Cu], and iron [Fe]) in the shallow aquifers of Barak River valley in Assam, India. All the physico-chemical parameters were within the guideline value except pH; approximately 37.5% of the samples were below the guideline value (6.5–8.5). As ranged from 0 to 270 µg/L, Fe ranged from 1.43 to 61.03 mg/L, and Cu concentration ranged from 0 to 0.25 mg/L. All the samples for Fe, 83.33% for Cu and 70.84% for As were above the guideline value as prescribed by WHO or BIS. Further, the data were subjected to multivariate statistical analysis (MSA), including principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA), to investigate pollution sources. PCA identified three components, accounting for 72.42% of the total variance. The R-mode CA identified two clusters, while the Q-mode identified six clusters. The MSA results signified that human activities were more responsible than natural or geogenic processes for the deterioration of groundwater quality in the study area.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":35327,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Quality Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142158583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macrophytes as Bioindicators of Heavy Metal Pollution in Belarusian Rivers","authors":"Natalia V. Zhukovskaya,&nbsp;Nadzeya V. Kavalchyk,&nbsp;Boris P. Vlasov","doi":"10.1002/tqem.22318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tqem.22318","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Macrophytes are well-known for accumulating a large number of various substances, including metals, and they may consequently serve as biogeochemical indicators of aquatic system pollution. In general, the sequence of analyzed metal accumulation in river macrophytes is as follows (mg/kg): Mn (141) &gt; Cu (2.53) &gt; V (0.89) &gt; Cr (0.70) &gt; Pb (0.68) &gt; Ni (0.23). Submersed species are conspicuous for their increased metal accumulation capacity, with statistically significant differences compared to other ecological groups. Among the aquatic plant genera examined (<i>Potamogéton</i>, <i>Ceratophýllum</i>, <i>Elodea</i>, <i>Núphar</i>, <i>Butomus</i>, <i>Glycéria</i>, and <i>Spargánium</i>), an increased capacity to accumulate Mn, Cu, and Pb is observed in all submersed macrophytes, while Cr, V, and Ni are particularly accumulated by <i>Ceratophýllum</i> and <i>Elodea</i>. <i>Potamogéton</i> has the largest range of V, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Cu variations. The overall bioaccumulation capability evaluated by the metal accumulation index was ordered as follows: <i>Núphar</i> (6.94) &gt; <i>Potamogéton</i> (5.53) &gt; <i>Butomus</i> (3.48) &gt; <i>Glycéria</i> (2.86) &gt; <i>Spargánium</i> (2.62) &gt; <i>Elodea</i> (2.33) &gt; <i>Ceratophýllum</i> (1.98). Bio-accumulation factors (BAFs) (macrophytes/sediment) vary depending on the metal and macrophyte ecological groups. For submersed macrophytes, the sequence of BAFs is Mn &gt; Cu &gt; Ni &gt; Pb &gt; Cr &gt; V. In the submersed plants of watercourses taken at the anthropogenic impact sites, the accumulation of Ni, V, Mn, Pb, and Cu is statistically significantly higher compared to those in natural conditions. Compositional data analysis has revealed such biogeochemical signatures of the anthropogenic impact as the formation of the anthropogenic Cr–Ni association, which is associated with the identified multivariate anomalies, as well as an increase in Cu variability and a decrease in Mn.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":35327,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Quality Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142158585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of People's Behavior on the Implementation of Air Pollution Mitigation Program in Surabaya, Indonesia","authors":"Widya Sagita Irsyada,&nbsp;Kiki Gustinasari,&nbsp;Joni Hermana","doi":"10.1002/tqem.22304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tqem.22304","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The effectiveness of the air pollution mitigation program implementation to reduce CO₂ emissions in Surabaya, Indonesia, has not been recognized because there are no studies on the influence of people's behavior toward air pollution mitigation programs yet. Thus, this research examined the influence of people's behavior toward the air pollution mitigation program to calculate the effectiveness of the mitigation program on CO₂ reduction and assess the most effective air pollution mitigation program. The research was conducted based on a questionnaire survey of 100 respondents from 31 sub-districts in Surabaya. Mitigation programs studied were liquid petroleum gas (LPG) conversion, biodiesel conversion, car-free day, P and P system (emission test and vehicle periodic maintenance), composting, and reduction of plastic usage. The correlation analysis method was used to analyze the data. Based on the results of the analysis, LPG was the most influential program that affected people's behavior because it was mostly implemented by 92% of respondents. The CO₂ emission was reduced to 66.38% by implementing the air pollution mitigation program. The most effective mitigation program was the P and P system.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":35327,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Quality Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142158497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Site Suitability Analysis of a Municipal Solid Waste Management System in Ranchi City Using AHP: A Multi-Criteria Decision Approach","authors":"Chandra Shekhar Dwivedi,&nbsp;Sweta Kumari,&nbsp;Arvind Chandra Pandey,&nbsp;Bikash Ranjan Parida,&nbsp;Gaurav Sikka","doi":"10.1002/tqem.22312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tqem.22312","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this modern age of industrialization, waste from houses and factories has a major impact on the environment, and its management has become one of the most difficult tasks for the whole world. This study attempts to locate suitable sites for disposing of solid waste using geospatial techniques in Ranchi, Jharkhand. Moreover, as Ranchi is a part of the smart city project, it is important to find new sites for dumping to control the environmental issue that arises due to the increasing pressure of population growth and the rate of human migration. Site selection of solid waste dumping considers several parameters, such as land use, land cover, road, geomorphology, soil, slope, water bodies, forest, and built-up. The present study has taken a multicriteria decision approach and used the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to delineate the suitable landfill site for the medium-sized city of Ranchi. The study adopts the overlay analysis operation for several factors and geospatial techniques to perform site suitability analysis. The result shows four classes of suitable dumping sites, where low or restricted area covers 1145.52 km² (63.92%), moderately restricted covers 477.74 km² (26.65%), whereas about 140 km² (7.81%) of the area can be constructed but with restrictions, and 28.79 km² (1.60%) of the area is highly recommended for dumping site construction. The site suitability map and the identified four new dumping sites are highly useful to the municipality corporation and decision-makers to alleviate environmental pollution and human health problems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":35327,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Quality Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142100029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemical Distribution of Lanthanum, Thorium, and Uranium in Surface Soils. Case Study: Mitrovica Region, Republic of Kosovo","authors":"Milihate Aliu,&nbsp;Robert Šajn,&nbsp;Trajče Stafilov","doi":"10.1002/tqem.22311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tqem.22311","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study is to investigate the distribution of lanthanum, thorium, and uranium content in soils from the Mitrovica region in the Republic of Kosovo. For this purpose, 156 samples of topsoil (0–5 cm) were considered in a sampling network of 1.4 × 1.4 km². The soil samples were prepared using the aqua regia digestion method and analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The contents of La, Th, and U in the soil of the study area were determined to be 19, 4.8, and 0.84 mg/kg, respectively. The enrichment factor values for La, Th, and U ranged from 3.8 to 7.9, 3.2 to 7.0, and 2.0 to 7.0, respectively, indicating moderate to substantial enrichment. The geo-accumulation index values of all elements were less than zero, indicating uncontaminated levels. The spatial distribution patterns of La, Th, and U content showed that the values are elevated in the north-eastern and western parts of the study area, where Miocene latites and quartz latites predominate (average contents of 35, 2.4, and 2.1 mg/kg, respectively). These areas are located in rural areas, suggesting that the high La, Th, and U contents in the soil are related to the lithology of the study area and there is no influence of possible anthropogenic sources. This study contributes to the database of La, Th, and U contents in the soils of the Mitrovica region and allows an assessment of the relationship between geochemistry and ecosystem health.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":35327,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Quality Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142089829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Potential Human Health Risks Around Tukwikwi Artisanal Potash Extraction Site River Hadejia Flood Plains, Jigawa, Nigeria","authors":"A. Mikailu,&nbsp;M. Saleh,&nbsp;Adamu S. Bashir,&nbsp;Idris M. Chiromawa","doi":"10.1002/tqem.22307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tqem.22307","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study quantified the concentrations of trace and heavy elements, including Al, K, Ca, Mg, Zr, Ti, La, Ce, Mn, Cr, Zn, and Nd, in soil samples from Tukwikwi. It also assesses the potential human health risks posed by exposure to these metals through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal absorption for both children and adults. The study area lies in Hadejia flood plain between latitudes 12°10′ N to 13°0′ N and longitudes 10°15′ E to 11°30′ E. The result showed that the mean concentrations of Al (47,140 mg/kg), K (23,110 mg/kg), Fe (18,020 mg/kg), Mg (7810 mg/kg), Zr (404 mg/kg), and La (64 mg/kg) exceeded the crustal values of Al (25,000 mg/kg), K (10,700 mg/kg), Fe (9800 mg/kg), Mg (7000 mg/kg), Zr (220 mg/kg), and La (30 mg/kg). By contrast, the concentrations of Ca, Cr, Ce, Mn, Ti, Zn, and Nd were lower than the crustal values. These crustal values were used, as there were no regional values that could be used for comparison. The result of the noncarcinogenic health risk assessment showed that Al exhibited the highest value ranging from <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>5.52</mn>\u0000 <mo>×</mo>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mn>10</mn>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$5.52 times {{10}^{ - 1}}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> to <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>7.51</mn>\u0000 <mo>×</mo>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mn>10</mn>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$7.51 times {{10}^{ - 1}}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> for children and <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>7.3</mn>\u0000 <mo>×</mo>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mn>10</mn>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$7.3 times {{10}^{ - 1}}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> to <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mn>9.9</mn>\u0000 <mo>×</mo>\u0000 <msup>\u0000 <mn>10</mn>\u0000 <mrow>\u0000 <mo>−</mo>\u0000 <mn>1</mn>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 </msup>\u0000 </mrow>\u0000 <annotation>$9.9 times {{10}^{ - 1}}$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math> for adults. The results also revealed that adults have a ","PeriodicalId":35327,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Quality Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142089809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Impact Factor for Environmental Quality Management and Call for Contributions for Creating a Holistic Approach to Sustainability","authors":"Jega Jegatheesan","doi":"10.1002/tqem.22313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tqem.22313","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35327,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Quality Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142041707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Markov Model Decodes Cuttack's Landscape Shifts: Geospatial Insights Into Urban Metamorphosis","authors":"Prasanta Kumar Patra,&nbsp;Duryadhan Behera,&nbsp;Shreerup Goswami,&nbsp;Tanmoy Chatterjee,&nbsp;Krishna Manjari Jena","doi":"10.1002/tqem.22303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tqem.22303","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Modeling the prediction of land use/land cover (LULC) change is necessary for sustainable management of natural resources and effective planning for proper urban development. The Markov chain model is the most commonly used prediction model for assessing LULC changes. This study aims to assess changes in LULC in Cuttack City from 1990 to 2020 and to predict LULC modification in 2050. For the analysis, Landsat satellite data were collected from the USGS website for 1990, 2005, and 2020. The satellite images were masked with our area of interest and classified using the maximum likelihood classifier tool in ArcGIS 10.2. The result of the multi-temporal classification shows that the built-up area percentage reached 45.927% in 1990 and 57.827% in 2020. Most areas of vegetation and water bodies were affected by this impromptu growth. Using the chi-square test, the results of the Markov model are validated, which shows no significant differences between the classified and simulated areas. This model can, therefore, be accepted for our prediction. Built-up growth has already achieved its peak in Cuttack City. There may be further growth in built-up areas in the city shortly. These findings draw the attention of urban planners and policymakers to the stress of urban sprawl and prompt them to take stringent action to deal with this pressing issue.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":35327,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Quality Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142041635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation and Heavy Metal Degradation by Bacillus sp.: Insights Into Biofilm Formation, Exopolysaccharide (EPS) Production, and Antibiotic Resistance Under Copper (Cu) and Lead (Pb) Stress","authors":"Farzana Sayed Sraboni,&nbsp;Mst. Mamotaz Mohal,&nbsp;Shirmin Islam,&nbsp;Md. Akhtar-E-Ekram,&nbsp;Md. Abu Saleh,&nbsp;Shahriar Zaman","doi":"10.1002/tqem.22306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tqem.22306","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An extensive concentration of heavy metals in our environment creates a harmful impact on living organisms, including microorganisms. Regardless of exploring the remediation potential of bacteria, their corresponding changes have not been extensively examined, which might be crucial before promoting bioremediation technology. The present study aimed to determine the effects of both essential (Cu) and nonessential (Pb) heavy metals on the bioactivity of a ubiquitous bacterium <i>Bacillus</i> sp., to gain knowledge about the adaptive mechanisms the strain has developed to withstand exposure to these metals. Bacterial adaptation is related to the formation of biofilm and the production of exopolysaccharides (EPSs) along with other tactics that assist in the survival of bacteria. When <i>Bacillus</i> sp. was cultured with Cu and Pb, changes in its bioactive characteristics were observed, such as a significant reduction in biofilm formation by 30.13% compared to the initial value. Moreover, the output of EPS by the bacterial strain in the presence of Pb increased to 0.782 mg/mL compared to the control condition, where no EPS was formed. In the presence of Cu, a low concentration of EPS (0.103 mg/mL) was detected. Moreover, the bacterial strain demonstrated adapted resistance to 6 out of 11 tested antibiotics, where the strain transformed from intermediate sensitivity to being susceptible to doxycycline, chloramphenicol, and gentamycin. Finally, the Cu- and Pb-degrading capacity of the bacterium was scrutinized using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer, where the bacterium exhibited significant degradation rates, breaking down 14.49% of Cu and 37.30% of Pb within 7 days. This research revealed the adaptability of the bacterial strain to survive in the presence of Cu and Pb while degrading them, by changing its bioactive properties, through the downregulation of biofilm formation, the productivity of EPS, and the heavy metal degradation process.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":35327,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Quality Management","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142013480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}