Air Quality Impact Assessment at Go Dau Port, Vietnam: AERMOD Simulation and Emission Inventory Analysis

The escalating maritime activities at Go Dau port in Dong Nai province, Vietnam, have raised environmental concerns, particularly regarding air quality degradation. Utilizing the German International Cooperation (GIZ) model, emissions from port operations were quantified, revealing ocean-going vessels (OGVs) and cargo handling equipment (CHEs) as the primary sources of NO₂ and SO₂ emissions. Specifically, OGVs emit 989,999 tons/year of NO₂ and 925,792 tons/year of SO₂, while CHEs contribute 22,140 tons/year of NO₂ and 0.295 tons/year of SO₂. During mooring, OGV emissions surpass national air quality regulations outlined in the Vietnamese National Technical Regulation (QCVN 05:2023/BTNMT). Simulation using the atmospheric dispersion modeling system (AERMOD) depicts elevated pollutant concentrations, notably around wharves and adjacent roads, influenced by wind patterns highlighted in meteorological simulations. Proposed management strategies include equipment maintenance and traffic control to ensure sustainable port operations. These insights offer policymakers and stakeholders valuable data for effective environmental protection strategies. The study underscores the urgency of implementing measures to mitigate air pollution and ensure the environmental sustainability of Go Dau port operations.