Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo最新文献

{"title":"[Age and regional characteristics of dietary supplement consumption.]","authors":"D M Gernet, I V Kosova","doi":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.2.010","DOIUrl":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.2.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Demographic changes, such as the increasing number of older people among the population of the Russian Federation, raise the question of age-related preferences and consumer behavior regarding dietary supplements. According to the results of a survey of 582 pharmaceutical workers, it was found that the key consumers are women aged 45-59. The age group over 60 years old demonstrates minimal interest in independently researching the ingredients of dietary supplements listed on the packaging and a strong reliance on the recommendation of a pharmaceutical worker, which highlights the significance of their consultations. It was found that consumers aged 60-74 show the highest level of price sensitivity (42,9%). The regional analysis showed a pronounced specificity: in the Central and Northwestern Federal Districts, the demand for liquid forms of dietary supplements is growing with age, while tablet forms dominate in the Volga and Far Eastern Federal Districts. The study findings underscore the necessity for tailored strategies when addressing consumers from diverse age groups and geographic backgrounds. Moreover, they underscore the growing significance of pharmaceutical professionals as a primary source of expert evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"39 2","pages":"243-249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148362773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The role of lipid metabolism disorders in the activation of cellular aging markers in atherosclerosis in elderly and senile individuals.]","authors":"A E Pukhalskaya, A G Sopromadze, D S Medvedev, K L Kozlov, E I Kechaeva, V O Polyakova","doi":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.2.014","DOIUrl":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.2.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atherosclerosis is considered as one of the leading age-associated diseases, the development of which is closely related to disorders of lipid metabolism, chronic inflammation and activation of cellular aging mechanisms. During aging, the body undergoes a metabolic restructuring of lipid metabolism, which is accompanied by the accumulation of atherogenic lipids. These processes can be considered a molecular-cellular mechanism of vascular aging, contributing to the progression of atherosclerotic changes and age-related dysfunction of the vascular wall. The aim of the study is to investigate the relationship between lipid metabolism indicators (LDL, ApoB, oxLDL) and markers of cellular aging (CD36, p16INK4a, p53) in atherosclerosis in elderly and senile individuals. A comparative study was conducted involving 310 patients aged 60-89 years: 162 with clinically verified atherosclerosis and 148 individuals in the control group. Lipid metabolism was assessed using biochemical and immunoenzyme methods. The expression of CD36, p16INK4a, and p53 was determined using diagnostic immunocytochemistry of the buccal epithelium. In patients with atherosclerosis, there was a statistically significant increase in the levels of LDL, ApoB, and oxLDL (p<0,001), as well as in the expression of CD36, p16INK4a, and p53 (p<0,001). There were direct correlations between oxLDL and p16INK4a (r=0,62), ApoB and p53 (r=0,55). Disorders of lipid metabolism are associated with the activation of molecular markers of cellular aging and the formation of lipid-mediated vascular aging in elderly and senile individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"39 2","pages":"274-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148362713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[OCT-derived retinal and choroidal parameters as markers of aging: Association with biological age in healthy adults (RussAge Study).]","authors":"A S Khalatyan, Y Yusef, K S Avetisov, L V Machekhina, A A Melnitskaya, I D Strazhesko, K K Altemirova","doi":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.2.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34922/AE.2026.39.2.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The search for accessible, non-invasive biomarkers to quantify the pace of systemic aging is a key priority in gerontology and personalized medicine. Aim - to evaluate associations between OCT-derived retinal and choroidal morphometric parameters and biological age in healthy adults. Materials and Methods: In the RussAge study, 148 clinically healthy volunteers (296 eyes), aged 22-74 years, underwent macular SS-OCT imaging using the Topcon Triton. Biological age was calculated using the PhenoAge algorithm. Structural changes in the retina and choroid showed concordance with biological age. Most parameters showed strong bilateral symmetry. Aging was associated with pronounced choroidal thinning (up to ~19%) and a moderate decrease in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and the IPL+GCL complex (~5%), whereas INL and ONL+PIS remained relatively stable; similar patterns were observed when modeling biological and chronological age. OCT morphometry - particularly choroidal and inner retinal metrics - reflects systemic aging processes and may serve as non-invasive markers of biological aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"39 2","pages":"267-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148362760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Current use of statins in antitumor therapy in elderly and senile patients.]","authors":"I B Zueva, Y V Kim, N S Berezin, N G Lukyanov, N A Berezina, M A Cherkashin","doi":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.1.010","DOIUrl":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.1.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nowadays, despite advances in curation, multimodal treatments are vastly needed to improve clinical outcomes and overall survival in terms of current incidence and prevalence of cancer. Recent studies have shown that statins belong to a class of drugs known for their potent inhibition of cholesterol production and are commonly prescribed for high blood cholesterol treatment. There is an ongoing growing interest in the use of statins for the treatment of malignant tumors, often in combination with chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Statins, well-known for their pleiotropic effects, can suppress cancer growth by reducing the availability of cholesterol, a key factor in cell proliferation. This review examines their potential use in treatment of breast, colorectal, lung, prostate, and kidney cancer in elderly and geriatric patients, and discusses their primary mechanisms of action.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"39 1","pages":"91-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147975967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Resting-state functional connectivity differences of motor and cognitive impairments in elderly people.]","authors":"S B Maltsev, D S Medvedev, A V Alkhazishvili, V O Polyakova, A G Trufanov, K V Markin","doi":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.1.016","DOIUrl":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.1.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Motor and cognitive impairments in older adults living in long-term care facilities are characterized by high clinical heterogeneity and pose significant challenges for diagnosis and rehabilitation planning. The limited sensitivity of traditional clinical approaches to differentiating the leading component of functional decline limits the possibilities for informed personalization of rehabilitation interventions. The aim of this study was to identify resting-state functional connectivity patterns associated with clinical and rehabilitation profiles (motor, cognitive, and mixed). The cross-sectional study involved 60 residents of a nursing home (mean age 76±11,3 years), stratified into groups based on their predominant motor (n=21), cognitive (n=19), and mixed (n=20) profiles, using comprehensive clinical and functional testing. In total, the student provided most of the information in a state close to that of 164 people within the country; statistical analysis was conducted using power.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"39 1","pages":"135-143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147976009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The influence of nasopharyngeal pathology on auditory function in elderly and senile patients.]","authors":"M Y Boboshko, L E Golovanova, E A Ogorodnikova, D P Drozdov, M Y Naumenko, O N Sopko","doi":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.1.015","DOIUrl":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.1.015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the research was to study the effect of nasopharyngeal pathology on hearing in elderly and senile patients. The results of the examination of 139 patients who consulted an audiologist are presented. Group 1 included 62 young and middle-aged people (45,2±11 years), group 2 included 77 elderly and senile people (68,4±6,2 years). All patients underwent video endoscopy of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx, along with the collection of complaints and medical history, an ENT examination and an audiological examination, including pure tone audiometry in the standard frequency range and impedancemetry. The study showed a high incidence of diseases of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx, contributing to hearing impairment, in patients of different ages. It was found that in elderly and senile patients, along with sensorineural hearing loss, conductive/mixed forms of hearing loss were diagnosed in 19,5% of cases, exacerbating hearing loss and reducing the quality of life. Significant correlations between the state of hearing and the presence of occlusion/patulous of the Eustachian tube were revealed. Timely detection of nasopharyngeal pathology leading to dysfunction of the Eustachian tubes and hearing impairment, followed by correction of the identified disorders, can be an effective addition to the rehabilitation program for patients with presbyacusis.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"39 1","pages":"128-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147976050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Molecular mechanisms of the geroprotective effect of exosomes in the simulation of inflammaging in the culture of human fibroblasts.]","authors":"Y I Belova, A I Fedorina, A O Drobintseva, S G Gracheva, R A Nasyrov, I M Kvetnoy, E Pinto","doi":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.3.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34922/AE.2026.39.3.016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammaging is considered as a fundamental mechanism of age-related skin involution, mediated by chronic inflammation, fibroblast dysfunction and collagen matrix degradation. The study considers the modulating effect of exosomes on the culture of dermal fibroblasts (DF1) during inflammaging. The experimental model included three groups: intact control, induced inflammaging, inflammaging in the presence of exosomes. The methodology was based on an MTT test to assess the metabolic activity of cells and immunohistochemical analysis with detection of a panel of markers involved in the regulation of inflammation (NF-κB/p65, CCN1), redox homeostasis (superoxide dismutase, prohibitin), cell cycle (p53, Ki-67), as well as endogenous geroprotective factors (Klotho, SIRT6) and receptor apparatus (EGFR). It has been shown that exosomes initiate a multiple cytoprotective response. At the same time, endogenous antioxidant systems are activated (the expression of Klotho and prohibitin increases), which is accompanied by an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase and a reduction in oxidative stress. There is also suppression of stress-induced signaling cascades - inhibition of p53 correlates with the preservation of the proliferative potential of fibroblasts, while suppression of transduction along the NF-κB/CCN1 axis reduces the pro-inflammatory load and stabilizes the extracellular matrix. Thus, the results of the study indicate that exosomes, acting on the key pathogenetic links of cell aging, can be considered as potential geroprotectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"39 3","pages":"448-453"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148593365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Optimization of outpatient polyclinic resources for emergency conditions in the elderly and old age.]","authors":"A N Ilnitski, A G Kuznetsova, E V Fesenko, S V Ponkratov, I P Pochitaeva","doi":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.3.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34922/AE.2026.39.3.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study was conducted to optimize the handling of elderly and elderly patients in emergency conditions at the clinic by using an express survey to identify aging syndrome. The study involved 333 patients aged 65-90 who visited the emergency department of the polyclinic, 234 of whom were diagnosed with dementia syndrome using a rapid response questionnaire «The validated index for detecting aging syndrome in the emergency department of the clinic». When analyzing the case score after 1 month, statistically significant differences were found (p<0,001). In the 1st group, after 1 month 62,8% of patients were under observation by a district physician-therapist, in the 2nd group 41,4%. Without medical supervision, 43,4% of patients remained in the 2nd group and 29,5% in the 1st group. In the 2nd group, the number of fatalities was higher than in the 1st group: 2 and 0,4%, respectively. In the 2nd group, there were repeated requests to the emergency department (6,1%) unlike the 1st group (0%). Thus, the 1st group is characterized by: higher levels of medical surveillance, absence of repeated referrals, lower lethality. In the 2nd group, patients are more often left unmonitored, showing higher rates of retreatment and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"39 3","pages":"377-382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148593516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Risk factors for adverse outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients aged over 75 years with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome.]","authors":"A N Bogomolov, O N Kurochkina, K L Kozlov, I A Solovev, D A Strelkov, S V Dudarenko","doi":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.3.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34922/AE.2026.39.3.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myocardial infarction is a life-threatening condition with high mortality, which is especially important for patients over 75 years of age who have an increased risk of complications and death. Objective - to assess the incidence of in-hospital mortality and adverse cardiovascular events in patients aged over 75 years with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. An analysis of data from a prospective registry of patients with ACS hospitalized in the vascular center based on the Alexandrovskaya City Hospital from January 2016 to November 2024 was performed. The initial sample included 14 420 cases of hospitalization, including 10 126 patients with NSTE-ACS. For the analysis, patients were stratified into four groups: 1st - up to 60 years old; 2nd - 60-74 years old; 3rd - 75-89 years old; 4th - 90 years and older. Data processing was performed using Excel, Jamovi, IBM SPSS Statistic 24, R statistical programs. Values of p<0,05 were considered statistically significant. Coronary angiography was performed in 98,6 % of patients. With increasing age, the following are noted: an increase in the proportion of women, an increase in the number of comorbidities, the Charlson comorbidity index, the number of points on the Killip, CRUSADE, GRACE scales, an increase in the number of complications and fatal outcomes. Among patients over 75 years of age, the PCI group had a higher incidence of adverse events, total complications, and mortality compared to the conservative management group. The strongest predictors of mortality in this group were patient age, elevated CPK-MB levels at admission, and total complications. Predictors of the composite endpoint were elevated CPK-MB levels, AIM Score, and systolic blood pressure at admission. Elderly patients and long-term survivors with MI represent a high-risk group, necessitating an individualized and balanced approach at all stages of treatment. Further research is needed to determine optimal treatment strategies for non-ST-elevation ACS in older age groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"39 3","pages":"413-420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148593484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Results of percutaneous coronary intervention in patients over 75 years with acute coronary syndrome.]","authors":"T R Vildanov, N G Lukyanov, K L Kozlov, S V Vlasenko, S G Shcherbak, D A Vorobyovsky","doi":"10.34922/AE.2026.39.3.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34922/AE.2026.39.3.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A retrospective study included 171 patients with acute coronary syndrome who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention between 2019 and 2023. Elderly and long-lived patients with ST-ECS and NSTE-ACS are characterized by significant comorbidity, with significantly more severe coronary pathology, as measured by the Syntax Score. In-hospital and long-term mortality were significantly higher in patients over 75 years of age. However, the incidence of late stroke and bleeding did not differ statistically between the study groups. Patients 75 years and older are a complex, heterogeneous group with a very high risk of in-hospital and long-term mortality, requiring a balanced and individualized approach from medical personnel at all stages of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":35293,"journal":{"name":"Advances in gerontology = Uspekhi gerontologii / Rossiiskaia akademiia nauk, Gerontologicheskoe obshchestvo","volume":"39 3","pages":"383-389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148593497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}