{"title":"Creation of Shared Values by Indian Enterprises","authors":"V. Kaul","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2517881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2517881","url":null,"abstract":"All over the world economic activities are being increasingly organized by corporate entities, as governments are withdrawing from economic and welfare activities. Enterprises have become dominant players in all countries despite having variations in their institutional governance systems. The economic resources and technology owned and managed by these enterprises are massive. It is therefore expected that these enterprises should be encouraged and motivated to help mitigate the social and environmental problems of poverty, illiteracy, climate change, etc. By combining the creation of economic value and serving social needs, “shared value” is created. In comparison to corporate social responsibility programmes, shared values, as a concept, become an integral part of the successful corporate strategies of a large number of enterprises. This chapter aims to examine the role of Indian enterprises in creating shared values and meeting social responsibility in India. The chapter uses a content analysis technique to collect information from the latest annual reports, sustainability reports and business responsibility reports of selected companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange.","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125334873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Successful Organizational Change Through Overcoming Risks","authors":"Matthias G. Will","doi":"10.5465/AMBPP.2013.12311ABSTRACT","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5465/AMBPP.2013.12311ABSTRACT","url":null,"abstract":"Organizational change typically implies risk for affected staff, who, consequently, will resist such change. A review of literature on this subject indicates that no appropriate framework has been developed for implementing challenging organizational change that looks after the interest of a risk-averse staff. We apply a model that illustrates the extent to which change managers can implement organizational change that is acceptable to the staff. Our model highlights three possible methods of implementation: (1) compensation for additional risks, (2) governance structures to reduce individual risks, and (3) governance structures to reduce the individual impact of risks. Our model also defines the conditions under which information, communication, and participation become effective tools for mitigating the challenge of risky organizational change.","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129772858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Модель Эффективного Отбора Управленческого Работника в Кадровый Резерв (Model of Effective Selection of Managerial Employees in the Personnel Reserve)","authors":"Michail Letyagin","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2478398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2478398","url":null,"abstract":"Russian Abstract: В данной статье рассматривается новый способ отбора управленческих работников в кадровый резерв. Модель, разработанная автором, основана на квалиметрическом методе количественной оценки персонала. Обосновываются «плюсы» и «минусы» модели, дается оценка объективности выбранных критериев. В основной части статьи большое внимание уделяется анализу персональных и сгруппированных характеристик.English Abstract: This article discusses a new way of selecting managers in the personnel reserve. The model developed by the author is based on the qualitative method of quantitative evaluation of staff. Do the pros and cons of the model assess the integrity of selected criteria? The main part of the article focuses on the analysis of personal characteristics and grouped.","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127906906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The New Heretics: Hybrid Organizations and the Challenges They Present to Corporate Sustainability","authors":"Nardia Haigh, A. Hoffman","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2932327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2932327","url":null,"abstract":"Corporate sustainability has gone “mainstream”; reaching into all areas of business management. Yet, despite this progress, large-scale social and ecological issues continue to worsen. In this paper, we examine how corporate sustainability has been operationalized as a concept that supports the dominant beliefs of strategic management rather than challenging them to shift business beyond the unsustainable status quo. Against this backdrop, we consider how hybrid organizations (organizations at the interface between for-profit and non-profit sectors that address social and ecological issues) are operating at odds with beliefs embedded in strategic management and corporate sustainability literatures. We offer six propositions that further define hybrid organizations based on challenges they present to the assumptions embedded in these literatures, and position them as new heretics of mainstream strategic management and corporate sustainability orthodoxy. We conclude with the implications of this heretical force for theory and practice.","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128571049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Theoretical Study of Social Entrepreneurship","authors":"M. Zaeri","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2940246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2940246","url":null,"abstract":"This is a theoretical study of social entrepreneurship. It starts by reviewing briefly entrepreneurial approaches such as traits and process ones at first and the impact of gender and culture later. Then it picks up social entrepreneur definition as such; 'a legal person is a social entrepreneur from t1 to t2 just in case that person attempts from t1 to t2 to make profit for society or a segment of it by innovation at the face of risk, in a way which involves that society or segment of it.' Moreover it discusses capability model based on internal capability or human capital and external conditions such as natural, social, physical and financial capitals. The next issue is stream model which explores social activists' role to open windows of opportunity facing social entrepreneurship. In the last part a case study is reviewed to discuss the topic more objectively.","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132706309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Association between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Earnings Quality – Evidence from European Blue Chips","authors":"Marcus Salewski, Henning Zülch","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2141768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2141768","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the notion that the results of prior research are mixed, this study reinvestigates the association between corporate social responsibility and earnings quality. More precisely, we examine the association between corporate social responsibility and the degree of earnings management, the degree of accounting conservatism and the quality of accruals. We find that firms with high corporate social responsibility ratings are more likely to engage in earnings management, to report bad news less timely and to have lower quality accruals. In contrast to prior research, our sample is based on European firms applying IFRS. For this reason, we argue that there are country-specific characteristics which moderate the association between corporate social responsibility and earnings quality and provide additional analyses which support this notion. Our results indicate that the increasing trend to invest in and to report about corporate social responsibility is not necessarily accompanied by higher quality financial statements.","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133602418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Firm as a Coordination System: Evidence from Software Services Offshoring","authors":"K. Srikanth, P. Puranam","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1534632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1534632","url":null,"abstract":"To examine what, if any, are the differences in how activities are coordinated within versus between firms, we conducted interviews with 32 project managers regarding 60 projects in the offshore software services industry. Uniquely, our projects were sampled along two dimensions: (1) colocation versus spatial distribution and (2) delivery by groups of individuals from a single firm versus from multiple firms. Our evidence suggests that in colocated projects, the same broad categories of coordination mechanisms are used both within and between firms. However, there is a qualitative difference in how geographically (i.e., spatially) distributed projects are coordinated within versus between firms. Distributed projects conducted within firms rely extensively on tacit coordination mechanisms; such mechanisms are not readily available in between-firm projects that are spatially distributed. This difference may arise because of the lack of shared history and lack of enforcement through common authority in the between-firm context.","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127918733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Behavioral View on Firm Response to Ratings: How Positive Recognition Leads to Reductions in Charitable Contributions","authors":"B. Lewis","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2347862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2347862","url":null,"abstract":"While many rating systems incentivize firms to improve their performance, I investigate how positive recognition from external stakeholders can lead to reductions in performance, rather than improvements. Drawing upon behavioral and performance feedback theory, I argue that positive ratings can lead firms to decrease their subsequent performance by reducing uncertainty regarding standards of acceptable or appropriate conduct. Assuming that firms will seek to avoid uncertainty, I propose that such ratings can lead high-performing firms to redefine their aspirations and thus reduce their subsequent performance. I test this main hypothesis, as well as several moderating effects, by examining how firms responded to a rating that evaluated their prior philanthropic efforts. My findings suggest that firms recognized for their generosity were, under certain conditions, more likely to subsequently reduce their philanthropic contributions. From a practical perspective, these results highlight the unintended consequences of social ratings and provide further insight for policy makers and stakeholders interested in motivating improvements in corporate social performance.","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114370336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Employing Young Talent from Underserved Populations: Designing a Flexible Organizational Process for Assimilation and Productivity","authors":"A. Langer","doi":"10.7146/JOD.7311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7146/JOD.7311","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes an ongoing 13-year-old program designed to improve the ability of organizations to assimilate young talent from underserved populations, mostly students who have recently graduated from high school. Although many firms have internship and orientation programs, few have well-tested organizational approaches for assimilating 17-20 year-olds into their organizations in an efficient and productive manner. The objective of this study is to describe and evaluate the solution introduced by Workforce Opportunity Services (WOS), a non-profit agency that provides organizations with well-trained talent from underserved local communities. The WOS model is a systemic design involving a lead agency (WOS), corporate clients, training partnerships with local colleges and universities, and underutilized human capital. Over 290 students have completed the WOS program and obtained long-term employment, mostly in IT jobs that normally are outsourced. The results of the study show that companies have success employing young talent when they follow the WOS organizational process. Companies need to have patience with WOS student employees, but within six months most members of the WOS program make positive contributions to their sponsoring firm and have a strong likelihood of becoming permanently employed. Implications of the WOS model for organization design are discussed.","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123095875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}