ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)最新文献

{"title":"Understanding and Development of Supply Chain Agility and Flexibility: A Structured Literature Review","authors":"S. Fayezi, Ambika Zutshi, A. O’Loughlin","doi":"10.1111/ijmr.12096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ijmr.12096","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a review of the literature while contributing to academic understanding of the concepts of agility and flexibility within the supply chain. The research identified 83 peer-reviewed articles through a structured review technique, which is based on a three-stage refinement process. Data reduction procedures using codification, sentence strings and a review of keywords, title, abstract and conclusion were used in the search. The papers identified focused on organizational and supply chain agility and flexibility. The acknowledged gaps in understanding and development of agility and flexibility in supply chains were identified and categorized in terms of conceptual, contextual and methodological gaps. Subsequent to the gap analysis, this paper argues that effective relationship integration with key partners is a fundamental mechanism for mitigating the problem of control dissipation, which has hindered academic understanding with respect to development and application of agile and flexible capabilities in supply chains. The findings in this paper will help academics to gain a better understanding and to develop the concepts of supply chain agility and flexibility. In addition, the findings indicate that supply chain stakeholders need to address the issue of relationship integration when undertaking, or participating in agility and flexibility development programmes, so as to maximize supply chain performance. The paper concludes by highlighting implications for managers and researchers, and proposes a number of areas for future investigation.","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131790979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kreowanie przewagi konkurencyjnej w przedsiębiorstwach usługowych (The Creation of Competitive Advantage in Service Companies)","authors":"R. Nowacki","doi":"10.18276/MIZ.2017.47-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/MIZ.2017.47-14","url":null,"abstract":"Wspolczesne wysoko rozwiniete gospodarki określane są mianem gospodarek opartych na uslugach. O tempie ich wzrostu decydują przedsiebiorstwa uslugowe, z dominującym udzialem w tworzeniu PKB, miejsc pracy czy tez strukturze podmiotow gospodarczych. Celem artykulu jest identyfikacja kluczowych narzedzi sluzących budowaniu przewagi konkurencyjnej dzialających w Polsce przedsiebiorstw uslugowych oraz analiza zalezności pomiedzy postrzeganiem znaczenia tych czynnikow a cechami organizacji. Podstawą są wyniki badan przeprowadzonych w 2015 roku. W toku analiz stwierdzono, ze najwieksze znaczenie mają elastycznośc dostosowywania sie do potrzeb klientow oraz renoma uslugodawcy. Postrzeganie znaczenia poszczegolnych czynnikow warunkowane jest przy tym lokalizacją przedsiebiorstwa, jego obrotami, stazem rynkowym i pochodzeniem kapitalu, nie mają natomiast na nie wplywu takie cechy, jak wielkośc, zasieg dzialalności, pozycja rynkowa czy sytuacja ekonomiczna.","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117064735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Competition between For-Profit and Industry Labels: The Case of Social Labels in the Coffee Market","authors":"P. Baake, Helene Naegele","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3046539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3046539","url":null,"abstract":"We model strategic interaction on a market where two labeling organizations compete and firms in duopoly decide which labels to offer. The incumbent label maximizes its own profit, and is challenged by an industry standard which maximizes industry profit. Using a nested logit, the result of this multi-stage game depends crucially on the degree of horizontal differentiation. Joint firm profit always increases with the introduction of the industry standard. The industry standard wants to segment the market and strategically distorts its label quality downwards, such that each firm specializes in a different label. Social welfare however increases with the number of labeled products. A policy imposing a minimum label quality is only binding in the case of strategic quality distortion by the industry standard.","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122385217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Responsible Sourcing - Production Scale and Monitoring: Theory and Evidence","authors":"Qiang Fu, Jie Gong, Hsiao-Hui Lee, I. Png","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3011140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3011140","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research has emphasized price incentives, certification, and monitoring as mechanisms to motivate suppliers to behave responsibly. We investigate another mechanism -- the scale of production -- and the tradeoff between scale and monitoring as mechanisms to induce responsible behavior. Our research encompasses both analytical modelling and empirical analysis. Theoretically, reducing the scale of production and monitoring are substitute mechanisms by which a brand can induce suppliers to behave responsibly. If monitoring is more costly, the brand should reduce both monitoring and production scale. To test the insights from the model, we collect and analyze data from Nike contract factories in China between 2013 and 2016. Consistent with the theory, workforce size (representing scale) is negatively correlated with distance from regional hubs averaged by number of factories (representing monitoring cost). Further, the negative relation between production scale and monitoring cost is positively moderated by the rule of law. The managerial implication is that scale matters in responsible sourcing -- to a degree that increases with monitoring cost, moderated by the rule of law. The implication for local government policy is that improving transportation attracts foreign export orders by reducing monitoring costs, and enhancing the rule of law helps to mitigate high monitoring costs.","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132770378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Searching for Structure: Formal Organization Design as a Guide to Network Evolution","authors":"J. Clement, P. Puranam","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2974436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2974436","url":null,"abstract":"Is top-down organization design worth attempting at all, or should organizations simply let their members learn which patterns of interaction are valuable by themselves, through a bottom-up process? Our analysis of an agent-based computational model shows that weak enforcement of even a randomly selected formal structure in a top-down manner can usefully guide the bottom-up emergence of networks of intraorganizational interactions between agents. In the absence of formal structure, interactions are prone to decline within organizations, because maintaining interactions requires coordination but breaking them does not. Formal structure regenerates the network of interactions between agents, who can then learn which interactions to keep or discard. This “network regeneration effect” of formal structure offers a rationale for the importance of top-down organization design, even if the design is limited in accuracy and enforcement. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2807. Th...","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132629153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is 'Transgenerational Response' A Hidden Cause of Failed Corporate Turnarounds and Chronic Underperformance?","authors":"John J. Oliver","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2985471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2985471","url":null,"abstract":"When organizations that have survived traumatic reversals – for example, product failures, ethical scandals or market disruption – attempt turnarounds, they usually seek a fresh start, adopting a new strategy and installing new leadership. But if this new initiative doesn’t work and the firms continue to suffer from chronic under performance, the cause could be “transgenerational response,” a potentially crippling long-term condition stemming from the trauma that occurred in the past.","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"102 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133996169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Choice of Business Entity: Corporate, Pass-Through, and Disregarded Entities","authors":"Alexander Holtan, M. M. Frank, Melissa Garza","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2974011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2974011","url":null,"abstract":"This technical note focuses on common business entities: sole proprietorships, general partnerships (GPs), limited partnerships (LPs), limited liability partnerships (LLPs), limited liability companies (LLCs), S corporations, and C corporations and offers insights into the basic factors to consider when choosing one of these entities. The Appendix provides an overview of other important entities in the federal tax code: real-estate investment trusts (REITs), regulated investment companies (e.g., mutual funds), and publicly traded partnerships (PTPs). \u0000Excerpt \u0000UVA-C-2293 \u0000Rev. Sept. 1, 2016 \u0000The Choice of Business Entity: \u0000Corporate, Pass-Through, and Disregarded Entities \u0000When starting a business, there are many important choices that must be made, from the hiring of key personnel to the choice of a business model. One choice that can have far-reaching effects on the success of any business is the legal form through which it will operate and interact with the rest of the business community. Not only does the choice of a legal form have important federal income tax implications, but it can also affect a business owner's administrative workload, the manner in which he runs his day-to-day operations, his ability to transfer his ownership interest, and how he can compensate his employees. This technical note focuses on common business entities: sole proprietorships, general partnerships (GPs), limited partnerships (LPs), limited liability partnerships (LLPs), limited liability companies (LLCs), S corporations, and Ccorporations and offers insights into the basic factors to consider when choosing one of these entities. Appendix 1 provides an overview of other important entities in the federal tax code: real-estate investment trusts (REITs), regulated investment companies (e.g., mutual funds), and publicly traded partnerships (PTPs). \u0000State Law Entities \u0000. . .","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128893366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Healthcare Organisations in a Global Marketplace: A Systematic Review of the Literature on Healthcare Marketing","authors":"B. Balogun, O. Ogunnaike","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3047747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3047747","url":null,"abstract":"This was a systematic review to explore the nature of marketing of healthcare organisations in an international context. The objectives were to: systematically collect, document, scrutinise and critically analyse the current research literature on healthcare marketing; establish the scope of healthcare marketing; identify gaps in the research literature, and make recommendations for further research in this field. The approach adopted was to search relevant business management and healthcare databases broadly for all literature germane to the subject matter, being guided judiciously by the objectives of the research. Researchers and practitioners are gradually recognising the importance of healthcare marketing as an important tool for healthcare industry growth. However, methodical application of marketing theories and concepts is not yet well embraced by all. Despite having substantial literature on the development of the global healthcare industry, limited scholarship exists to demonstrate that marketing strategies are being utilised by healthcare institutions beyond the traditional methods the industry has been used to. There are gaps in available data on the diversity of service providers, diversity of healthcare services available and their respective and comparative impact on healthcare marketing. This paper evaluates the literature on healthcare marketing, focusing on marketing strategies in the ever-growing healthcare international market.","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123179648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk and Uncertainty in Concept of Corporate Lifecycle","authors":"E. Kuzmin","doi":"10.21511/PPM.15(1).2017.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21511/PPM.15(1).2017.11","url":null,"abstract":"Regularly changed destructive periods in organizational development mean that the lifecycle exists. A nature of its formation hides a number of important conceptual regularities. One aspect of these trends is relationship between distribution of uncertainty and risks in lifecycle models, underlying motives of their formation and determining participation in development of organizational immunity. A closer definition of these issues is an objective of this research. The paper reviews the history of the lifecycle concept, gives its analysis and possible applications in management studies. In the analytical review of literature, there is an attempt of theoretical systematization for some provisions from the concept on consistency and continuity of stages turnover, on conditions of their identification and a nonlinear path. For discussions of the scientific community, the author presents hypotheses of the available effect of compression (density) in development stages, as well as heterogenic risk concentration. There is an assumption that economic systems have different orders for both the general and short lifecycles. Based on generalized theoretical and methodological provisions of stages in the lifecycle phases, the author attempts to combine functional and evolutionary models. The author also details distinctive features in the process of control over uncertainty and risks in the sequence of development stages.","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121429507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Success of Multi-Purpose Cooperatives in India","authors":"D. Shah","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2885208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2885208","url":null,"abstract":"In view of deficiencies in co-operative marketing network and recognizing the significance of various emerging problems and issues facing the co-operative marketing system, the present study, carried out in the state of Maharashtra of India, has its foci on evaluating the functional dimensions, management efficiency and strengths of a multipurpose agro-processing marketing cooperative society showing success. The performance evaluation is done for Deogad Mango Growers’ Co-operative Sale Purchase Society (DMGSS), which is located in Sindhudurg district of Maharashtra. Though it mainly deals with the marketing of mango, its functional dimensions also encompass input marketing and various other welfare activities. The evaluation of DMGSS has revealed several reasons for its efficient functioning. The major reasons that weighed in favour of the functioning of the society were timely delivery of inputs to the farmer members, reasonable rates of fertilizer, remunerative prices for the farmers’ produce, fair weighing practices followed by the society, provision of finances to the members for meeting expenses towards electricity bill, labour payment, purchase of land, illness, marriage, etc. In addition to these reasons, the existence of interest-cum-entrepreneurial groups in extending dedicated and efficient leadership was the main factor that weighed in favour of efficient functioning of the society. The DMGSS has shown autonomy/independence in its functioning and shows, by and large, perfect knowledge about the market forces and its business activities in accordance to the market situation. The roles of various members, non-members, employees, board, higher-tier bodies and outside suppliers and their influence in this respect are quite high in this case of DMGSS. The DMGSS is also able to generate allies for lobbing to safeguard as well as promoting its own interests and the interests of its members. The functional dimensions of DMGSS clearly underscore the fact that marketing management efficiency of the society is very high due to several positive features associated with it. It is quite successful not only at farm level in terms of payment of farmers’ produce and input delivery and guidance to farmers about package of practices but also with respect to final disposal of produce at the consumer point at remunerative rates due to efficient management practices followed by it.","PeriodicalId":352730,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Other Organizations & Markets: Formal & Informal Structures (Topic)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116662915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}