{"title":"Finite-element simulation and design of a high-extinction-ratio THz wire-grid polarizer","authors":"J. Cetnar, J. Middendorf, E. Brown","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531018","url":null,"abstract":"A THz wire grid polarizer was simulated, designed, and demonstrated. The polarizer consists of 40-micron periodic aluminum strips mounted on a polycarbonate substrate. Finite element numerical simulations were performed from 100 GHz to 550 GHz. The results of these simulations predicted that the transmission in perpendicular polarization would be much higher than that predicted by geometric optics, leading to a very high extinction ratio of ~ 60 dB at high fill factors (~ 90%). This behavior was qualitatively demonstrated in experiments between 100 and 530 GHz where extinction ratios exceeding 40 dB were achieved. These results are explained physically as an electromagnetic field concentration effect in the gaps characteristic of plasmonic-like behavior. The effect is strongly dependent on gap width and weakly dependent on frequency.","PeriodicalId":352567,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference (NAECON)","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126237115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Language translation of web-based content","authors":"Bart Kahler, B. Bacher, K. C. Jones","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531026","url":null,"abstract":"Machine Translation (MT) software today provides adequate conversion of foreign languages to one's native tongue; however, dialects, slang, and character conversion errors result in partially successful translations. For an accurate translation, a native speaker is often required to correct the translation by using sentence structure and word use cues to capture the true meaning. MT character conversion from Cyrillic, Asian, and Arabic languages to western characters induce errors in the translated text which can change the meaning or result in characters being associated together that do not form words. The authors present a solution using open source MT and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) character mapping. The solution provides proper character conversion to achieve greater translation accuracy for web-based content.","PeriodicalId":352567,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference (NAECON)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116703903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Longbrake, L. Liou, D. Lin, P. Buxa, J. McCann, T. Pemberton, T. Dalrymple, S. Hary
{"title":"Wideband phased array calibration method for digital beamforming","authors":"M. Longbrake, L. Liou, D. Lin, P. Buxa, J. McCann, T. Pemberton, T. Dalrymple, S. Hary","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531016","url":null,"abstract":"Previous study has used chirp signals to characterize the RF response of a multi-channel RF receiver [1]. The results showed a significant channel imbalance. After applying a time-reversal filter, the channel imbalance was remedied and both phase and amplitude were realigned among the channels. In the present study, the RF response of a complete multichannel receiver with antenna was characterized. A 1-8 GHz phased array antenna was mounted in an anechoic chamber and a chirp signal was used to measure the frequency response of each channel as a function of azimuth angle. Each channel's response was equalized using a time-reversal filter derived from the measured data and a combined beam pattern was formed. Time-reversal filters that steer the beam were also generated and it was found that sidelobe level worsened with larger steer angles. A simple mutual coupling model was proposed to explain the beam pattern feature.","PeriodicalId":352567,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference (NAECON)","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134498942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Modeling and control scheme design of a solenoid-actuated fuel injection system","authors":"N. A. Posey, T. Wu, M. Wolff, J. Zumberge","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531035","url":null,"abstract":"This paper demonstrates the viability of frequency modulation of discrete voltage pulses via feedback loops as a means of control for an electronically actuated fuel injection system. Specifically, this study targets the effectiveness of such control with regards to the Hydraulically actuated Electronically controlled Unit Injector (HEUI). A more accurate model for electromechanical actuator (EMA) using solenoid has been implemented together with models of other subsystems. Significant improvements have been made to the existing MATLAB/Simulink modeling approach in order to implement a higher degree of system control.","PeriodicalId":352567,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference (NAECON)","volume":"525 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130216177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Range focusing for large scene circular SAR","authors":"K. E. Dungan, J. Nehrbass","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531039","url":null,"abstract":"A recent circular synthetic aperture radar data collection contained various vehicles and calibration targets placed throughout a 5 km scene. By observing multiple orbits of the radar, the down-range distance measurements to scattering features show noticeable drift on the order of 2 m from orbit to orbit. The large scene contained 14 quad-trihedral (QT) calibration targets with radar cross sections that are similar to point targets in the elevation range of the scene. This paper presents an algorithm that uses the QTs to generate global range focusing parameters. Qualitative and quantitative results show the focusing provides a significant improvement to vehicle target discrimination.","PeriodicalId":352567,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference (NAECON)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126688734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiscale analysis to facilitate joint chaos and fractal analysis of biosignals","authors":"Jianbo Gao, E. B. Lasch, Qian Chen","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531036","url":null,"abstract":"Biological systems provide definite examples of multiscale systems, which generate nonlinear, non-stationary, and highly complex signals. Developing effective methods for biosignal analysis has become increasingly important, owing to rapid progress in biosensing and astronomical accumulation of biological data. Albeit chaos and random fractal theories are among the most popular and most promising methods for biosignal analysis, they often may not be directly applicable, since chaos analysis requires that signals be relatively noise-free and stationary, and fractal analysis demands signals to be non-rhythmic and scale-free, which are rarely true in biology. We propose two multiscale approaches for biosignal analysis, adaptive fractal analysis and scale-dependent Lyapunov exponent (SDLE) analysis, and show that together they can tremendously facilitate joint chaos and multiscale analysis of biosignals.","PeriodicalId":352567,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference (NAECON)","volume":"538 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134349894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryan McCoppin, M. Rizki, L. Tamburino, A. Freeman, O. Mendoza-Schrock
{"title":"The effects of clothing on gender classification using LIDAR data","authors":"Ryan McCoppin, M. Rizki, L. Tamburino, A. Freeman, O. Mendoza-Schrock","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531043","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we describe preliminary efforts to extend previous gender classification experiments using feature histograms extracted from 3D point clouds of human subjects. The previous experiments used point clouds drawn from the Civilian American and European Surface Anthropometry Project (CAESAR anthropometric database provided by the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Human Effectiveness Directorate and SAE International). This database contains approximately 4,400 high-resolution LIDAR whole body scans of carefully posed human subjects. Features are extracted from each point cloud by embedding the cloud in series of cylindrical shapes and computing a point count for each cylinder that characterizes a region of the subject. These measurements define rotationally invariant histogram features that are processed by a classifier to label the gender of each subject. The recognition results with the tightly control CAESAR database reached levels of over 90% accuracy. A smaller secondary point cloud data set was generated at Wright State University to allow experimentation on clothed subjects that was not possible with the CAESAR data. We present the preliminary results for the transition of classification software using different combinations of training and tests sets taken from both the CAESAR and clothed subject data sets. As expected, the accuracy achieved with clothed subjects fell short of the earlier experiments using only the CAESAR data. Nevertheless, the new results provide new insights for more robust classification algorithms.","PeriodicalId":352567,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference (NAECON)","volume":"347 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133246820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erik Blasch, O. Kessler, J. Morrison, J. Tangney, F. White
{"title":"Information fusion mangement and enterpise processing","authors":"Erik Blasch, O. Kessler, J. Morrison, J. Tangney, F. White","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531056","url":null,"abstract":"Since the inception of the Joint Director of the Labs (JDL) Information Fusion model in the 1990s, there have been multiple updates meant to improve the use of the model for complex information systems design and management. In this paper, we explore contemporary issues in information fusion design: (1) sensing: from data to information (D2I) processing, (2) reporting: from human computer interaction (HCI) terminals to user involvement (H2U), and (3) the enterprise: from collected to resourced (C2R) information management. D2I reflects the fact that traditional fusion methods focused only on data from a sensor; however, current net-centric applications require intelligent situation awareness that includes processing of information from non-sensor resources for mission effectiveness. H2U demonstrates that completely automated systems are not realizable and that users are required to be involved for efficient decision making. Finally, C2R moves from immediate data collection to fusion of information over an enterprise (e.g,. data mining, database queries and storage, and source analysis for pedigree). By updating the JDL with D2I, H2U, and C2R concepts, they serve as informative themes for future complex information fusion management and system design.","PeriodicalId":352567,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference (NAECON)","volume":"300 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128621872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Hytla, K. Jackovitz, E. Balster, J. Vasquez, M. Talbert
{"title":"Detection and tracking performance with compressed wide area motion imagery","authors":"P. Hytla, K. Jackovitz, E. Balster, J. Vasquez, M. Talbert","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531049","url":null,"abstract":"The current generation of digital sensor platforms used in remote sensing and surveillance provide a wealth of wide area motion imagery (WAMI). WAMI is employed in a variety of applications, including target detection and tracking. However, airborne platform limitations require that WAMI must be compressed to be effectively transmitted and stored. One standard image compression coding system commonly employed with WAMI data is JPEG2000. In order to meet platform and application requirements, JPEG2000 is often used in lossy mode and at high compression rates, leading to serious image degradation. This work studies the effects of image compression on the performance of the Air Force Research Laboratory's (AFRL) Government Algorithms for Tracking Exploitation Research (GATER) tracking algorithm at compression rates of 10:1 to 80:1. Additionally, several image enhancement algorithms widely available in literature, including Contrast-Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE), High Frequency Boosting and Multiple Scale Retinex (MSR) and a novel approach titled Locally Tuned Sine Nonlinearity (LTSN) are applied to the imagery prior to compression in an effort to improve tracking performance. Results indicate the GATER tracking algorithm is measurably resistant to the effects of image compression up to 40:1 compression. At higher compression ratios, the algorithm is still able to detect the moving objects, however, false alarms become the most performance limiting factor. The enhancement algorithms performance is scene dependant; in some cases boosting overall performance and in other cases showing measurable performance degradation.","PeriodicalId":352567,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference (NAECON)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131671481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Price, J. Ramirez, T. Rovito, O. Mendoza-Schrock
{"title":"Electro-optical synthetic civilian vehicle data domes","authors":"R. Price, J. Ramirez, T. Rovito, O. Mendoza-Schrock","doi":"10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NAECON.2012.6531044","url":null,"abstract":"This paper will look at using open source tools (Blender, LuxRender, and Python) to generate a large data set to be used to train an object recognition system. The model produces camera position, camera attitude, and synthetic camera data that can be used for exploitation purposes. We focus on electro-optical (EO) visible sensors to simplify the rendering but this work could be extended to use other rendering tools that support different modalities. The key idea of this paper is to provide an architecture to produce synthetic training data which is modular in design and constructed on open-source off-the-shelf software yielding a physics accurate virtual model of the object we want to recognize. For this paper the objects we are focused on are civilian vehicles. This architecture shows how leveraging existing open-source software allows for practical training of Electro-Optical object recognition algorithms.","PeriodicalId":352567,"journal":{"name":"2012 IEEE National Aerospace and Electronics Conference (NAECON)","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130848151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}