RepresentationPub Date : 2022-02-15DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2022.2034661
Jennifer M. Piscopo, S. Franceschet
{"title":"Policymaking, Constituency Service, and the Pandemic: How Working Remotely Transformed U.S. State Legislators’ Representative Roles","authors":"Jennifer M. Piscopo, S. Franceschet","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2022.2034661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2022.2034661","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We surveyed U.S. legislators in 36 states in order to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic – and the related shift to remote work – affected legislators’ representative roles. Our results offer suggestive evidence that remote work during the pandemic diminished policymaking activities while increasing constituency service. Respondents reported decreased ability to move projects forward in the legislature and in their districts, and increased workloads overall. Nonetheless, legislators seem committed to their roles as elected representatives.","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":"58 1","pages":"289 - 300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45757882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RepresentationPub Date : 2022-01-24DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2022.2025890
M. Regalia, G. Legnante
{"title":"How do Gender Quotas get Subverted? Insights from the Italian 2018 General Elections","authors":"M. Regalia, G. Legnante","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2022.2025890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2022.2025890","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In 2018, the Italian Parliament was elected with a new electoral law introducing gender quotas. However, results in terms of gender representation were not as positive as one could expect. What went wrong? Why are women still under-represented? The literature has sometimes reached diverging conclusions on the effects of quotas on gender representation. The present article traces the process from candidate selection to taking office, showing how inequalities interact and compound along the way, and advances our understanding of the elements hindering women representation even in an electoral system providing for mandatory gender quotas.","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":"59 1","pages":"531 - 547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47702137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RepresentationPub Date : 2022-01-09DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2021.2022745
S. Coleman, Giles Moss
{"title":"‘Politicians Don’t Understand People Like Me’: A Qualitative Analysis of a Lament","authors":"S. Coleman, Giles Moss","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2021.2022745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2021.2022745","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Citizens want politicians to demonstrate that they ‘understand people like them’. Yet many citizens believe politicians fail to do this when they communicate and that this signals what appears to be a broken relationship between them and their elected representatives. Through four focus groups with voters in the UK reporting low interest in politics, this article explores what people mean when they state that politicians do not understand them or people like them. Interpreting our findings in relation to political theories of recognition and respect, we suggest that failures of trust in politicians arise from lack of clarity about what democratic representation entails. Repairing this communicative relationship depends upon the nurturance of public respect towards the role that political representatives perform. By respect we do not mean deference or submission, but a capacity to appraise role performance in terms of clear expectations.","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":"59 1","pages":"155 - 170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41724895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RepresentationPub Date : 2022-01-04DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2021.2017335
Emily M. Farris, Mirya R. Holman, Miranda E. Sullivan
{"title":"Representation and Anti-Racist Policymaking in U.S. Cities during COVID-19","authors":"Emily M. Farris, Mirya R. Holman, Miranda E. Sullivan","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2021.2017335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2021.2017335","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic laid bare deep-rooted racial and gender disparities in the United States. The lack of national policy produced an uneven patchwork of local policies. We quantitatively evaluate how descriptive representation translated to substantive representation in 500 cities’ efforts to declare racism as a public health crisis and enact eviction moratoria. We find that representation shapes explicitly anti-racist resolutions on racism, not implicitly anti-racist eviction moratoria, suggesting the descriptive-substantive representation connection is more powerful for explicitly anti-racist policies.","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":"58 1","pages":"269 - 288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45474380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RepresentationPub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2021.2019821
A. Giovannini, Matthew Wood
{"title":"Understanding Democratic Stress","authors":"A. Giovannini, Matthew Wood","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2021.2019821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2021.2019821","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article opens a Special Issue on Democratic Stress. Against the background of recent debates on ‘democratic crisis’, we argue that the concept of ‘democratic stress’ provides a useful way to understand the diversity of pressures that representative democracy faces in the contemporary context, as well as a valuable ‘organising perspective’ for developing more nuanced analyses. We then map out the main contributions of the articles included in this special issue, and survey the way in which they further this agenda, conceptually and empirically.","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":"58 1","pages":"1 - 12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41950936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RepresentationPub Date : 2021-12-26DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2021.2017334
Antonis Galanopoulos, Giorgos Venizelos
{"title":"Anti-populism and Populist Hype During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Antonis Galanopoulos, Giorgos Venizelos","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2021.2017334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2021.2017334","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article investigates how ‘populism’ was used in public discussions during the COVID-19 outbreak. It argues that the indiscriminate use of ‘populism’ and its association with the pandemic is rooted in the negative way it is talked about in public debates. Critically evaluating pundit claims framing populism as an ‘anti-scientific’, ‘irresponsible’ and ‘authoritarian’ response to the health crisis, this article shows that ‘populism’ does not suffice to explain actors’ responses to COVID-19. Rather, populists’ ideological positions played a crucial role in their pandemic politics.","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":"58 1","pages":"251 - 268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48664574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RepresentationPub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2021.2005674
S. Tormey
{"title":"Stresses and Strains: Will We Ever Agree on What’s Going Wrong with Democracy?","authors":"S. Tormey","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2021.2005674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2021.2005674","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT It’s clear that the ‘crisis of democracy’ is a concept that is now well embedded in the self-understanding of political scientists writing about contemporary politics. What is less clear is what is meant by democratic crisis and why there appears to be little agreement on what the contours of the crisis are. By extension, we find it difficult to distinguish between the forms of crisis that appear to be a threat to the system of legitimation and stresses that might challenge particular aspects of functioning, without imperiling the whole. In this paper, I offer an overview of how the issue is framed in contemporary scholarship, and show how the various responses can be mapped in terms of two variables: duration and intensity. This in turn can help us think about how to differentiate between the accounts that imply system crisis and those that frame contemporary developments as forms of stress that may in fact show the resilience of democracy in the face of threat.","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":"58 1","pages":"13 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41828122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RepresentationPub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2021.2005672
A. Regassa, G. Tadesse
{"title":"Electoral Authoritarianism and the Question of Representation: The Case of Caffee Oromia, Ethiopia","authors":"A. Regassa, G. Tadesse","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2021.2005672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2021.2005672","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article analyses aspects of representation and legitimacy of Caffee Oromia (the legislative council of the Oromia National Regional State) within Ethiopia’s electoral authoritarian political landscape. The article sheds light on the interplay between the Caffee, elected representatives and constituencies in Ethiopia’s ‘democratisation’ experiment within the post-1991 federal system. The empirical data for this research were collected from five zones in Oromia, namely East and West Guji, Borana, West Wallaga and Oromia Special zone surrounding Finfinne between February 2019 and June 2020 through qualitative research methodology. Leaders of indigenous institution (Gadaa system), community members, elders, members of the Caffee and local government authorities were interviewed. Ten Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and 30 key informant interviews were conducted with purposively selected informants. The research findings show that there is a big rift between the elected representatives and their constituencies in terms of representation, accountability and communication whereby party loyalty overrides representatives’ accountability to the constitution, constituencies and conscience. Thus, Ethiopia exemplifies electoral authoritarianism both at national and sub-national levels, whereby election is used as a strategy of power consolidation of the ruling party rather than as a democratic exercise.","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":"59 1","pages":"207 - 223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44956457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RepresentationPub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2021.2005673
Rebecca Peach
{"title":"Feeling Like a State: Desire, Denial, and the Recasting of Authority","authors":"Rebecca Peach","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2021.2005673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2021.2005673","url":null,"abstract":"In Feeling Like a State, Davina Cooper sets out to reconceptualise what it could mean to be a state in ways that support a progressive, transformative politics. This reconceptualisation is supported and inspired by her engagement with a series of legal dramas in which conservative Christians in the (neo)liberal states of Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom ‘withdraw’ (e.g. refuse services and goods) from LGBTQ individuals and groups, thereby prompting the state to reciprocally withdraw (e.g. refuse licenses or revoke charitable status) from them. Drawing on a combination of theory and empirical data, Cooper posits that these reciprocal dramas of withdrawal – particularly those that involve conservative Christians operating as state actors (e.g. foster parents, county clerks, etc) – challenge conceptions of the state as orderly, vertical, homogenous and wholly distinct from the society over which it governs. Cooper – whose stated objective is a reconceptualisation of the state – welcomes this challenge, organising her response around two questions she sees as posed by conservative Christian withdrawal. The first is a question of state parts: what are they and how do they conceive of their relationship[s] to each other? In answering this question, she draws heavily on the legal dramas at the heart of this book in order to emphasise the plural and heterogeneous nature of the state. The second question Cooper raises is one regarding state responsibility. She asks: What practical and imaginative possibilities are made possible by thinking of the state as plural and heterogenous? Here, Cooper’s focus is on the role that play and the erotic could have in both the imagining and the functioning of a new kind of state. She concludes by offering prefigurative role-play (i.e. the act of imitating statehood on a microcosmic scale through venues such as people’s tribunals and free universities) as one modality by which progressives can experiment and engage with statehood in ‘a progressive, transformative key’ (Cooper, 2019, p. 27).","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":"59 1","pages":"549 - 554"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47783258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RepresentationPub Date : 2021-11-24DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2021.1998208
Christophe Lesschaeve, Lars Padmos
{"title":"Measuring Agreement: How to Arrive at Reliable Measures of Opinion Congruence Between Voters and Parties","authors":"Christophe Lesschaeve, Lars Padmos","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2021.1998208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2021.1998208","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The extent to which voters and parties agree on policies is an important way through which political scientists have empirically studied political representation. This opinion congruence is most often measured by comparing preferences on a number of policy statements. While the selection of policy statements has not escaped scholarly attention, its impact on the reliability of congruence scores, i.e. the degree to which similar levels of opinion congruence are found when different samples of policy statements are used, has been less investigated. This article looks at which factors of statements samples and voters affect the reliability of congruence measures. It does so by simulating over 5 million opinion congruence scores on the basis of a dataset containing 134 voter and party policy preferences. It finds that both the number of statements and their topic diversity positively affect the reliability of congruence estimates. In addition, the congruence estimates of politically less sophisticated voters are more reliable but only when many left-right policy statements are included in the statement selection. Finally, explorative analyses suggest that increasing topic diversity also increases the validity of congruence measures.","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":"59 1","pages":"311 - 328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47819302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}