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Mapping Democratic Innovations: A Bottom-up Empirical Perspective 映射民主创新：自下而上的经验视角
Representation Pub Date : 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2022.2075032
Francesco Veri
{"title":"Mapping Democratic Innovations: A Bottom-up Empirical Perspective","authors":"Francesco Veri","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2022.2075032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2022.2075032","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Literature in democratic innovations highlights format or process-centred strategies to classify democratic innovations. However, both format and process-centred classification strategies suffer from conceptual stretching, leading to cases' omissions or overlapping typologies. This research proposes a new analytical approach to classifying democratic innovation based on prototypical radial categorization. Prototypical radial categorization classifies objects considering their similarity to a central category and empirically establishes how observations are related to normative accounts of democratic innovations. The proposed categorization strategy is empirically evaluated on real-world democratic innovations drawn from Participedia, the largest crowd sourcing platform in democratic innovation. Participedia database is analyzed through multiple factor analysis (MFA) and hierarchical clustering on principal components (HCPC). The analysis highlights four clusters that are a subset of two main groups that coincide with the normative categorization of participatory and deliberative democracy.","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":"59 1","pages":"171 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49518620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do We Need Taagepera’s Quantitatively Predictive Logical Models in Political Science? Evidence from Polish Local Elections 政治学中我们需要Taagepera的定量预测逻辑模型吗？波兰地方选举的证据
Representation Pub Date : 2022-05-15 DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2022.2075031
Bartłomiej Michalak
{"title":"Do We Need Taagepera’s Quantitatively Predictive Logical Models in Political Science? Evidence from Polish Local Elections","authors":"Bartłomiej Michalak","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2022.2075031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2022.2075031","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Rein Taagepera, considerably assisted by Matthew S. Shugart, is an author and advocate of one of the most interesting methodological approaches in recent years; and this applies not only to political science but also – more broadly – to social sciences based on quantitatively predictive logical models. This method consists of constructing – based on deduction and the principles of logic – a conceptual logical model which is subsequently supposed to be subject to testing by dint of a statistical analysis of empirical data. In this paper, on the basis of an analysis of the works by Taagepera and Shugart on the subject, a comprehensive reconstruction of the said approach shall be conducted. The quantitatively predictive logical model of the number of seat-winning parties in the electoral district shall serve as an exemplary pattern of constructing and – more importantly – it will allow for testing the predictive powers of this sort of models. So far no one has tried to test this model by looking at data from local elections. A large sample of electoral districts obtained from Polish local elections in 2018 gives such a unique opportunity.","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":"59 1","pages":"329 - 345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49623321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Electoral Nullification: The Reasons Behind Voting for a Dead Candidate 选举无效：投票给死亡候选人背后的原因
Representation Pub Date : 2022-05-11 DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2022.2071972
Sergiu Gherghina, Aurelian Giugăl, Antonio Momoc
{"title":"Electoral Nullification: The Reasons Behind Voting for a Dead Candidate","authors":"Sergiu Gherghina, Aurelian Giugăl, Antonio Momoc","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2022.2071972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2022.2071972","url":null,"abstract":"Voting for a candidate that is no longer alive at the time of election may be considered a wasted vote. Nevertheless, there are instances in which such a vote means to overcome the legal limitations and choose how to be represented. This article aims to illustrate how such a behavior can be calculated when citizens vote for a dead candidate to nullify an electoral law that they consider unfair. This is driven by what we call electoral process nulli fi cation, which is the political equivalent of jury nulli fi cation. We use evidence from the local elections organized in September 2020 in a Romanian commune of approximately 3,000 inhabitants. A dead candidate won the elections with 64% of the votes. Our results draw on semi-structured interviews with people who voted for that candidate. section presents the data and method with emphasis on the case selected for analysis and respondents ’ pro fi le. The fourth section covers the central arguments of the article and the evidence brought to support it. The conclusions summarize the key fi ndings and discuss the main implications for the broader fi eld of elections and representation.","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44092678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Civic Friendship and Partisanship 公民友谊和党派关系
Representation Pub Date : 2022-04-21 DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2022.2064908
David Jenkins
{"title":"Civic Friendship and Partisanship","authors":"David Jenkins","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2022.2064908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2022.2064908","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Politics and friendship connect to one another in complex and often conflicting ways. Some theorists, following a particular reading of Aristotle, regard civic friendship between citizens as necessary for, even prior to, justice. By contrast, those political friendships that are grounded in shared party affiliations are often taken as signs of partiality and factionalism, as evidence of a lack of amity between those in and those out of the party. In this paper, I explain and argue for productive compatibility between these two forms of political friendship: Trying to rid politics of partisanship is not only not a prerequisite for civic friendship, but serves to undermine one of the mechanisms through which different meanings of civic friendship are articulated. At its best, partisanship provides an associational space within which different meanings of civic friendship can be given concrete, programmatic form. These programmes then compete with other programmes – understood as expressing, amongst other things, different articulations of civic friendship – in wider democratic arenas. Partisanship then, correctly understood and practiced, offers means whereby contests over different meanings of civic friendship can be navigated and given a determinate form.","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":"59 1","pages":"289 - 309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46990201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Unintended Consequence of Unexpected Policy: A Left-wing Social Policy by a Right-wing Political Party and Voters’ Policy Evaluation in South Korea 意外政策的意外后果:韩国右翼政党的左翼社会政策与选民的政策评价
Representation Pub Date : 2022-04-06 DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2022.2058598
K. Han
{"title":"An Unintended Consequence of Unexpected Policy: A Left-wing Social Policy by a Right-wing Political Party and Voters’ Policy Evaluation in South Korea","authors":"K. Han","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2022.2058598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2022.2058598","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using an original survey experiment in South Korea, we find that the introduction of a progressive welfare policy by a right-wing political party makes people more favorable in their perceptions of legitimacy, credibility, and agreement on the policy. We also find that such a support-increasing effect is stronger among people who feel attached to the right-wing party. The results imply that partisan cues are extended to cases where political parties implement policies that do not correspond to their long-established ideology.","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":"59 1","pages":"189 - 206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42724315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
White Identity, Anti-Elitism, and Opposition to COVID-19 Restrictions in the United States 美国的白人认同、反精英主义和对COVID-19限制的反对
Representation Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2022.2075030
S. Utych, Rachel Navarre, Matthew Rhodes-Purdy
{"title":"White Identity, Anti-Elitism, and Opposition to COVID-19 Restrictions in the United States","authors":"S. Utych, Rachel Navarre, Matthew Rhodes-Purdy","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2022.2075030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2022.2075030","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As groups began to gather to protest COVID-19 restrictions, it became readily apparent that these groups were filled with overwhelmingly white protesters, and were led by organisations that often espoused a white nationalist message. We examine the effects of white identity on opposition to COVID-19 restrictions using original survey data. We find that white identity predicts opposition to COVID-19 mitigation measures, and that this effect persists only when individuals hold anti-elite attitudes. These effects operate above and beyond traditional predictors, such as partisanship and ideology.","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":"58 1","pages":"301 - 310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41716420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Feminist Democratic Representation 女权主义民主代表权
Representation Pub Date : 2022-03-28 DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2022.2054025
Jessica C. Smith
{"title":"Feminist Democratic Representation","authors":"Jessica C. Smith","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2022.2054025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2022.2054025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47618213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Effects of Proportional Representation on Election Lawmaking: Evidence from New Zealand 比例代表制对选举立法的影响——来自新西兰的证据
Representation Pub Date : 2022-03-06 DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2022.2032292
Joshua Ferrer
{"title":"The Effects of Proportional Representation on Election Lawmaking: Evidence from New Zealand","authors":"Joshua Ferrer","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2022.2032292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2022.2032292","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT It is widely recognised that politicians are self-interested and desire election rules beneficial to their re-election. Although partisanship in electoral system reform is well-understood, the factors that affect partisan manipulation of other democratic ‘rules of the game’ – including election administration, franchise laws, and campaign finance – has received little attention to date. New Zealand is so far the only established democracy to shift from a non-proportional to a proportional electoral system and thus presents an ideal case to test the effects of electoral system change on the politics of election reform. This article examines partisan and demobilising election reforms passed between 1970 and 1993 under first-past-the-post and between 1997 and 2020 under mixed-member proportional representation. Moving to a proportional system has failed to diminish the amount of partisan election lawmaking, though voting restrictions have become less common. These results should caution against claims that reforming a country’s electoral system will necessarily curtail the passage of normatively undesirable election reforms.","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":"59 1","pages":"225 - 247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41422896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Descriptive Representation, Judicial Nominations, and Perceptions of Presidential Accomplishment 描述性代表、司法提名和对总统成就的看法
Representation Pub Date : 2022-02-24 DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2022.2037699
A. Badas, Katelyn E. Stauffer
{"title":"Descriptive Representation, Judicial Nominations, and Perceptions of Presidential Accomplishment","authors":"A. Badas, Katelyn E. Stauffer","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2022.2037699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2022.2037699","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Some narratives claim that American presidents can increase their approval ratings by nominating members of underrepresented groups to positions within the judiciary. Indeed, public opinion polls frequently show that members of the public think presidents should consider individuals from underrepresented groups when making judicial appointments. Despite the prevalence of these narratives, little research investigates how the descriptive characteristics of judicial appointments influence public evaluations of the president. We find that the public views presidents more favourably when they are more inclusive of women and minorities in their judicial appointments, and this effect is particularly strong for Democrats. The results demonstrate that presidents can increase public support by appointing individuals from underrepresented groups. This research has implications for representation and judicial selection in the United States.","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":"59 1","pages":"249 - 270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45424680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The Ideological Slant of COVID-19-Related Conspiracies. A New Niche for the Far-Right? covid -19相关阴谋的意识形态倾向。极右翼的新阵地?
Representation Pub Date : 2022-02-18 DOI: 10.1080/00344893.2022.2034660
Carol Galais, Marc Guinjoan
{"title":"The Ideological Slant of COVID-19-Related Conspiracies. A New Niche for the Far-Right?","authors":"Carol Galais, Marc Guinjoan","doi":"10.1080/00344893.2022.2034660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00344893.2022.2034660","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT What makes believers in COVID-19-related conspiratorial stories different from the usual conspiracy theorists? To date, evidence on conspiratorial beliefs about COVID-19 is scant and it focuses on only a few countries. Moreover, it overlooks political and ideological factors, which might well help in the endeavour of halting misperceptions about the pandemic and understanding their political consequences. This research note examines the role of these explanatory factors (placement on the left-right scale, authoritarianism, freedom, and support for the incumbent party) in relation to conspiracy theories in general and COVID-19-related conspiratorial beliefs in particular. To do so, it uses a new case study: Spain. Relying on a large online survey (N = 3760), we find that right-wing individuals are more prone to embrace COVID-19-specific than general conspiracies. We also find that people that value security over freedom are more prone to falling for pandemic misbeliefs. Those holding more general conspiratorial beliefs stand out for their defence of freedom above anything else, as well as for their rebellion against authority, including the ruling party. This suggests that the pandemic has roused a new sort of conspiratorial believer: a conservative niche that might become attractive to emerging far-right parties.","PeriodicalId":35158,"journal":{"name":"Representation","volume":"59 1","pages":"347 - 356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45444349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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