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Remittances and Household Welfare: A Case Study of Bangladesh 汇款与家庭福利:以孟加拉国为例
ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2009-12-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1618142
Selim Raihan, Guntur Sugiyarto, H. K. Bazlul, S. Jha
{"title":"Remittances and Household Welfare: A Case Study of Bangladesh","authors":"Selim Raihan, Guntur Sugiyarto, H. K. Bazlul, S. Jha","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1618142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1618142","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the impacts of international remittances on household consumption expenditure and poverty in Bangladesh using computable general equilibrium modeling of the Bangladesh economy and microeconometric analysis at the household level. The former assesses the economic effects and distributional implications of remittances at the macro, sectoral, and household group levels, while the latter shows the association between remittances and household consumption expenditure, including poverty status. The first results show that remittances have positive effects on the economy and reduce poverty. It is estimated that 1.7 out of the 9 percentage point reduction in the headcount ratio during 2000–2005 was due to the growth in remittances. A closer look at the household level further reveals the positive and significant impacts of remittances on the household’s food and housing-related expenditures. The impacts on education and health expenditures are also positive but insignificant. Moreover, the logit regression results suggest that the probability of the household becoming poor decreases by 5.9% if it receives remittances, which further confirms the positive impact of remittances. Given that migration and remittances also bring costs to the society, the study findings call for policies to maximize their benefits. This includes attracting more remittances through formal channels and increasing their productive use.","PeriodicalId":350026,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128520560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 76
Decentring Poverty, Reworking Government: Movements and States in the Government of Poverty 分散贫困，重塑政府:贫困政府中的运动和国家
ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2009-09-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1750225
A. Bebbington, D. Mitlin, J. Mogaladi, M. Scurrah, C. Bielich
{"title":"Decentring Poverty, Reworking Government: Movements and States in the Government of Poverty","authors":"A. Bebbington, D. Mitlin, J. Mogaladi, M. Scurrah, C. Bielich","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1750225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1750225","url":null,"abstract":"We consider how social movements in South Africa and Peru rework poverty as a domain of policy intervention. National 'mappings' of social movements reveal that 'poverty' is rarely central to movement framings challenges they address. This contrasts with government’s justification of policy in terms of impacts on 'poverty'. Movements thus seek to change the government of poverty discourses as well as the government of poverty reduction interventions. They do this through direct action, negotiation and co-production. Movements' main challenge is to make such challenges without becoming themselves subject to, or even the subjects of, these same practices of government.","PeriodicalId":350026,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126561880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Non-Renewable Resource Booms and the Poor 不可再生资源繁荣与穷人
ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2009-08-13 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1448864
G. Davis
{"title":"Non-Renewable Resource Booms and the Poor","authors":"G. Davis","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1448864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1448864","url":null,"abstract":"There are frequent suggestions that economies that specialize in mineral and energy extraction generate a type of growth that fails to concurrently benefit the poor. The dynamic effects creating this outcome could include increasing income inequality associated with extraction-led growth or Dutch Disease effects that inhibit poverty-reducing manufacturing employment. Others claim that resource extraction promotes poverty alleviation. No one, however, has directly examined the dynamics of resource extraction and the poor. This paper uses longitudinal data on income growth by quintile in 57 countries to statistically assess how the level of non-renewable resource extraction and changes in the level of extraction affects the poor. Our results indicate that at the national level there is nothing about extractive activity that overturns the adage that economic growth is concurrently good for the poor. If anything, a resource boom improves the likelihood that a growth spell will benefit the poor.","PeriodicalId":350026,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131669123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Basic Needs, Government Debt and Economic Growth 基本需求、政府债务和经济增长
ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2009-06-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9701.2009.01181.x
Sam Perlo-Freeman, D. Webber
{"title":"Basic Needs, Government Debt and Economic Growth","authors":"Sam Perlo-Freeman, D. Webber","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9701.2009.01181.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2009.01181.x","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the relationships between basic needs and economic growth where the interactions between output, health, nutrition and education are explicitly simultaneous. We find a unidirectional relationship that improving basic welfare contributes strongly to labour productivity change, but a clear reverse causation only from growth to nutrition. There are substantial differences in the patterns of simultaneous interactions at different income and welfare levels. There are strong self-reinforcing effects of literacy and debt service on poverty, making it difficult for poor countries to rectify their situation. Channelling resources towards improving health, education and nutrition could bring dramatic economic returns.","PeriodicalId":350026,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic)","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131989728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 28
Escaping Poverty: The Ralegan Siddhi Case 《摆脱贫困:雷根·西迪案例
ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2008-09-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.1538891
A. Mehta, T. Satpathy
{"title":"Escaping Poverty: The Ralegan Siddhi Case","authors":"A. Mehta, T. Satpathy","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.1538891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1538891","url":null,"abstract":"Poverty remains to be the most important development issue facing India with an estimated 301.72 million Indians (27.5 percent) living below the poverty line in 2004-2005. In 1975, Ralegan Siddhi was just another drought prone, poverty stricken village, but it has had much success in poverty reduction since then. Ralegan Siddhi's success is not just a story of change as a result of access to water. This paper provides evidence of the remarkable economic, social and community regeneration in Ralegan Siddhi, due to a strong, selfless, ethical and accountable leadership as well as its replication in Hivre Bazaar. [Working Paper No. 38]","PeriodicalId":350026,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128285491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
The Knowledge Trap: Human Capital and Development Reconsidered 知识陷阱:人力资本与发展的再思考
ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2008-06-01 DOI: 10.3386/W14138
Benjamin F. Jones
{"title":"The Knowledge Trap: Human Capital and Development Reconsidered","authors":"Benjamin F. Jones","doi":"10.3386/W14138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3386/W14138","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a model where human capital differences - rather than technology differences - can explain several central phenomena in the world economy. The results follow from the educational choices of workers, who decide not just how long to train, but also how broadly. A \"knowledge trap\" occurs in economies where skilled workers favor broad but shallow knowledge. This simple idea can inform cross-country income differences, international trade patterns, poverty traps, and price and wage differences across countries in a manner broadly consistent with existing empirical evidence. The model also provides insights about the brain drain, migration, and the role for multinationals in development. More generally, this paper shows that standard human capital accounting methods can severely underestimate the role of education in development. It shows how endogenous educational decisions can replace exogenous technology differences in a range of economic reasoning.","PeriodicalId":350026,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic)","volume":"195 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127320756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 90
IMF Policies and Health in Sub-Saharan Africa 基金组织在撒哈拉以南非洲的政策和卫生
ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2008-04-02 DOI: 10.1057/9780230249486_10
Ross P. Buckley, J. Baker
{"title":"IMF Policies and Health in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Ross P. Buckley, J. Baker","doi":"10.1057/9780230249486_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230249486_10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":350026,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121110552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
The Higher Educational Transformation of China and its Global Implications 中国高等教育转型及其全球启示
ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2008-03-01 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9701.2011.01344.x
Y. Li, J. Whalley, Shunming Zhang, Xiliang Zhao
{"title":"The Higher Educational Transformation of China and its Global Implications","authors":"Y. Li, J. Whalley, Shunming Zhang, Xiliang Zhao","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9701.2011.01344.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2011.01344.x","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the major transformation of higher education that has been under way in China since 1999 and evaluates its potential global implications. Reflecting China’s commitment to continued high growth, this transformation focuses on major new resource commitments to tertiary education and significant changes in organisational form. All of these changes have already had large impacts on China’s higher educational system and are beginning to be felt by the global educational structure. This focus on tertiary education differentiates the Chinese case from other countries who earlier at similar stages of development instead stressed primary and secondary education.","PeriodicalId":350026,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic)","volume":"300 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126924729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 163
Permanent Income, Convergence and Inequality among Countries 永久性收入、国家间的趋同与不平等
ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2008-02-26 DOI: 10.1111/J.1475-4991.2007.00262.X
J. Pastor, Lorenzo Serrano
{"title":"Permanent Income, Convergence and Inequality among Countries","authors":"J. Pastor, Lorenzo Serrano","doi":"10.1111/J.1475-4991.2007.00262.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1475-4991.2007.00262.X","url":null,"abstract":"The literature on inequality has generally focused on the analysis of annual per capita income. This paper adopts a different approach by considering the life-cycle dimension of inequality and convergence between economies from 1960 to 2000. We analyze the present value of the set of incomes individuals obtain throughout their whole life (permanent income). On the basis of this approach, various simulations are made to determine the effect on inequality in permanent income of variables such as survival rates and the long-run growth rates in current income. The results indicate that survival rates are an important source of inequality. Inequality in permanent income is about one third higher than in current income. The implication of this finding is that if the whole life-cycle dimension is not considered, the level of inequality among economies is being underestimated.","PeriodicalId":350026,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133921945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
School Attainment, Completion, and Economic Development: A Cross-Country Analysis 学业成就、学业完成与经济发展:一项跨国分析
ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic) Pub Date : 2008-01-13 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9361.2008.00430.x
K. Chaudhuri, Pushkar Maitra
{"title":"School Attainment, Completion, and Economic Development: A Cross-Country Analysis","authors":"K. Chaudhuri, Pushkar Maitra","doi":"10.1111/j.1467-9361.2008.00430.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2008.00430.x","url":null,"abstract":"The primary aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between school attainment, school completion, and economic development. In doing so it also examines the effect of other macroeconomic variables on school attainment and completion. Estimation is conducted using a panel dataset of 138 countries. Our results show that income levels, government expenditure on education, and political instability all have significant effects on school completion and attainment. In addition these variables have different effects on male and female schooling. Our results have important policy implications and in particular allow policymakers to identify different instruments to target the problem of non-completion of schooling.","PeriodicalId":350026,"journal":{"name":"ERN: Human Development in Developing Economies (Topic)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131802104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
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