History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus最新文献

{"title":"HISTORY OF TRANSFORMATION OF THE DAGESTAN FESTIVAL IGBY","authors":"E. Kapustina","doi":"10.32653/ch174985-1001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch174985-1001","url":null,"abstract":"The paper reviews the history of one of the unique traditional festivals of Mountainous Dagestan – Igby, the midwinter festival. The festival, which was celebrated in only three villages of the Tsuntinsky district – Shailti, Kituri, and Geniyatli, – was first described during the scientific research in 1983, conducted by the prominent ethnologist-caucasiologist Yu.Yu. Karpov. The paper considers the main vectors of transformation of the festival in 1980s-1990s: the inclusion of new characters and elements of the scenario, inter-village competitions, self-presentation of a village through the festival. The study highlights discussions in jamaats regarding the overestimation of the significance of the festival under the influence of re-Islamization of the region, which ultimately led to conflict situations and the prohibition of the holiday in all villages that previously celebrated it, by 2007. At the same time, having discontinued in the mountain villages of the Tsuntinsky district, the festival has found its new life in the virtual space due to the emergence of papers and videos on the Internet about it, as well as with the inclusion of Igby in the register of Russia’s intangible cultural heritage. As a result, Igby can be defined as a “quasi-local” festival: virtual and bureaucratic events associated with Igby emphasize its unique locality, but at the same time they are held without interaction with the locality itself – the villages of the Tsuntinsky District. The once real festival of several rural societies, having faded away in the mountains, nevertheless continues to live, has turned into a republican cultural project, losing not only connection with the original location and thus receiving a “common Dagestani nature”, but also separating from its local prototype and getting a new page in history. The research has been conducted with use of case study method. The study is based on field material, collected by the author during the work in the Tsuntinsky district and Makhachkala in Summer of 2021; on various data from the Internet, material sources and photo-collections of Kuntskamera, related to the festival.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114595844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STALIN’S RESTORATION OF THE “SOCIALIST LEGALITY” \u0000IN CHECHEN-INGUSHETIA (1938-1940)","authors":"A. Osmaev, Kazbek G. Dendiev","doi":"10.32653/ch174874-885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch174874-885","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores a poorly-studied aspect of repressive politics – the so-called restoration of revolutionary law and order in the USSR in the late 1930s – on the example of law enforcement agencies of Chechen-Ingushetia. The study aims to reconstruct the implementation of the Stalinist correction in repressive practice in the region on the basis of materials from central and regional archives, previously published documents, and to identify the role of party and law enforcement agencies in it. The object of the study is the repressive policy of the Soviet state in the 1930s in the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (hereinafter as CHIASSR). The subject of the study is the implementation of the changes made by the center in the repressive policy in the late 1938 – early 1940s in the republic. The study applies general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, classification, comparison and analogy, historicism, objectivity and consistency. The source base of the work is archival and published documents, in particular, records of bureau sessions, plenums of the Chechen-Ingush Regional Committee of the CPSU from the Archival Department of the Government of the Chechen Republic, State Archive of the Russian Federation (hereinafter as SARF) and other archives of the country. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that a study of the period of political repression was conducted on the example of the Chechen-Ingush ASSR in late 1938 – early 1940, when the restoration of the rule of law was officially proclaimed. In reality, the repressions continued, although they peaked in 1937-1938; the role of the party and state bodies in the implementation of the directives of the center is analyzed. The theoretical and practical significance of the work is determined by the fact that the research materials allow to expand the scientific understanding of political repressions in Chechen-Ingushetia. The provisions and conclusions of the work can be used in the activities of educational organizations for the study of the Soviet history. The study conducted reveals a certain algorithm of Stalin’s actions to “restore” revolutionary legality.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128587677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPERIENCE IN REGULATING MIGRATION FLOWS AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL: LATE 1980s – EARLY 1990s","authors":"M. Belozerova, M. Magomedkhanov","doi":"10.32653/ch174968-984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch174968-984","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to consider the example of two differently active re-gions of the South of Russia in terms of migration (Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Adygea, “recipients” and Dagestan, “donor” of “internal” and labor) migrants) (1980s - early 1990s) experience of managing migration flows at the regional level and the problems of adaptation of migrants to new socio-cultural conditions. The article substantiates the need to study popula-tion migration. On the example of regions (administrative-territorial regions of Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Adygea, Sochi, the Republic of Dagestan), the consequences of mass displacements in the late 1980s - early 1990s from the republics of Central Asia, Transcaucasia as a result of inter-ethnic conflicts, deterioration the quality of life of the population. Using a systematic approach, a sampling method and a comparative analysis, the re-gional specificity of the migration situation is revealed, the experience of reg-ulating the migration problem at the federal and regional levels is considered. The research is based on the normative legal acts of the federal and regional legislation, archival documents. It is concluded that in the late 1980s - early 1990s, the Krasnodar Territory, the Republic of Adygea, Sochi became one of the main in Russia, accepting a significant number of migrants from the re-publics of the USSR. The experience of regulating the migration problem consisted in the creation of regional structures for its solution, the develop-ment of migration legislation at the federal and regional levels, the coordina-tion of work on the management of migration processes, the formation of mechanisms for the socio-economic adaptation and integration of migrants. The consequences of the intense dynamics of migration processes continuing to this day in the regions considered in this article are characterized by both similar trends and local features. So, in Dagestan, there is an intensive de-population of mountainous territories. The demographic situation \"moun-tains without mountaineers\" is considered by a narrow circle of \"collective farm heirs\" as optimal for the liquidation of dairy farms, the transformation of mountain agricultural terraces, hayfields and even gardens into summer pastures for distant sheep breeding, i.e. the industry, from the point of view of job creation (three shepherds are enough to care for 1000 heads of sheep), is the least productive and, therefore, negligibly focused on the social and ethno-cultural well-being of mountain communities.This article aims to consider the example of two differently active re-gions of the South of Russia in terms of migration (Krasnodar Territory and the Republic of Adygea, “recipients” and Dagestan, “donor” of “internal” and labor) migrants) (1980s - early 1990s) experience of managing migration flows at the regional level and the problems of adaptation of migrants to new socio-cultural conditions. The article substantiates th","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122535398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DAGESTAN IN THE ARABIC-PERSIAN GEOGRAPHIC WORKS \u0000OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE 13TH CENTURY","authors":"D. Timokhin","doi":"10.32653/ch174778-795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch174778-795","url":null,"abstract":"The Arabic-Persian geographic works of the first half of the 18th century are of little value in reconstructing the history of the North Caucasus. On the one hand, this can be explained by the dependence of such material on earlier Arabic-Persian monuments: we often observe repetition of information, either fully or partially. In this regard, researchers turn to earlier texts and, to a lesser extent, consider data from the text of the first half of the 13th century. On the case of three geographic works written in the period under question, the present paper attempts to demonstrate features of information about Dagestan in the context of a particular work, as well as to identify the historiographic continuity. What is more important is to highlight those plots that the authors below included in their own texts, to show what specific information on the history of Dagestan they considered important. For our study, we have selected both relatively well-known and widely used monuments, such as “Mu’jam al-Buldān” (“Dictionary of Countries”) by Yaqut al-Hamawi, as well as less popular texts – an anonymous work “Aja’ib ad-Dunya” (“Wonders of the World”) and “Jahan-nameh” (“Book About the World”) by Najib Bakran. The study focuses on the last two texts and the information they contain; however, we also try to characterize the valuable information contained in Mu’jam al-Buldān. We hope that our study will raise interest to both Arabic-Persian works mentioned here and the issue of reflecting the history of Dagestan in relatively late sources. Moreover, the very logic of including certain information on the history of the region, both in the works of the first half of the 13th century and in later texts, deserves, as we believe, special attention.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124316858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ELEMENTS OF TRADITIONAL CULTURE AS FACTORS OF RETAINING THE COLLECTIVE MEMORY AND ETHNIC IDENTITY IN DIASPORAS: ON THE CASE OF ADYGHE DIASPORA IN THE COUNTRIES OF THE MIDDLE EAST","authors":"S. G. Kudaeva","doi":"10.32653/ch174957-967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch174957-967","url":null,"abstract":"The issue under consideration is conditioned by the current state of the Adyghe (Circassian) ethnos, when a diaspora, in terms of its quantitative composition, significantly exceeds the number of those living in their historical homeland. Nowadays, the Circassian people are concentrated in the countries of the Middle East. This was a result of the Caucasian War, when a significant number of Adyghe people had to leave their homeland and move to the territories of the Ottoman Empire. In regard to this issue, the problems related to the peculiarities of the formation, development and current state of the Adyghe (Circassian) diaspora are highlighted. The paper considers the Adyghe diaspora in the context of the criteria that determine the diasporality of ethnic dispersal. The author summarizes the results of studies on typology of diasporas, during which characteristic for the Circassian diaspora features have been identified. The author concludes that the Adyghe diaspora can be attributed to a single typological family, as the classical diasporas. This allows for better understanding of where the issue in question is placed in this hierarchy. The very maintaining of the collective memory is considered a crucial, fundamental indication of diasporality. The author attempts to study the issue with the consideration of influence of elements of traditional culture of Adyghe people, such as the Nart Sagas, Adyghe etiquette and ethics in regards to retaining the historical memory and ethnic identity. The methodological aspect of the study includes the academic principles of research, historicism, objectivity, as well as retrospective and historic-typological methods, and methods of concrete analysis. The theoretical aspect of the research is based on opinions of prominent ethnologists and ethnosociologists. During the research, we have come to the conclusion that in the century and a half experience of its existence, the Adyghe diaspora has managed to demonstrate a unique example of preservation of the collective memory and ethnic identity.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123164712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE TOWN AND THE SEA. PETROVSK AT THE CASPIAN SEA","authors":"Elmira M. Dalgat","doi":"10.32653/ch174859-873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch174859-873","url":null,"abstract":" The article attempts to demonstrate the transformation of the Russian military fortification Petrovskoe at the coast of the Caspian Sea into the large industrial center of the Dagestan region in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries, as well as to examine the role of the seaport in its economic development. Since 40s of the 19th century, the fort Petrovskoe was a transit point for cargo, transported by sea from Astrakhan for the Russian army, which was involved in war in Dagestan. The author considers the development of sea trade between Astrakhan, Baku and Petrovsk after the latter received the status of a city. The role of Petrovsk in the international trade in the Caspian Sea is shown. As new sources, we introduced data from the Statistical Committee of the Dagestan Region from the Central State Archives of the Republic of Dagestan, as well as materials from the collections of the State Historical Archives of the Republic of Azerbaijan. When writing the article, the author involved works of domestic and global historiography. The methodological basis of the article is the principle of historicism, which presupposes the study of any phenomenon in specific historical conditions and connections, as well as taking into account the decisive role of economic foundations for the development of society. The article reveals the development of Petrovsk and its seaport in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries, when Dagestan was integrated into the economic life of the Empire. Archival materials, published sources and historical literature were used when writing the paper. The author highlights that in the following third of the 19th century, sailing ships were replaced by steamships in the Caspian Sea. The place, occupied by the Petrovsky port among the ports of Russia in the Caspian is demonstrated. The article considers the goods brought to Petrovsk by sea and exported from it. The foundation of the textile factory “Caspian Manufactory” in Petrovsk in 1899 became possible thanks to the port. The construction of the Vladikavkaz railway intensified its role in the 90s of the 19th century. The author comes to the conclusion that the city of Petrovsk and its port played an important role in the process of integration of Dagestan into the economic space of the Russian Empire, and in the emergence of capitalist relations in the region.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128709024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BURIAL 121 OF THE KELI BURIAL GROUND OF THE 13TH – 14TH CENTURIES (MOUNTAINOUS INGUSHETIA)","authors":"U. Kochkarov, R. Mamaev, Vitaly Evgenievich Narozhny, Evgeny I. Narozhny","doi":"10.32653/ch174938-956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch174938-956","url":null,"abstract":"The paper introduces the materials of the Burial 121 of the Keli burial ground of the 13th-14th centuries of Mountainous Ingushetia. The information about the burial and its funerary goods with their partial reconstruction set the main task for our study. This include the most complete identification of the ethnocultural origins of the objects under consideration, as well as the zones of influence and the degree of influence of the Golden Horde on the process and dynamics of the formation of the material culture of the population of the highlands of Ingushetia and a range of its weapons under the powerful impact on them of the surrounding territories during the key events of the 13th-14th centuries. The content of the paper will make it possible to judge the specifics of the military equipment of the mountain warrior-archers, armed with a saber with a surviving deer-horn hilt. The use of synchronous analogies suggests that the discovered saber is the product of the craftsmanship of professional blacksmiths and bone carvers, as well as craftsmen for processing leather for wooden scabbards and hunters who obtained the necessary raw materials. The question of the localization of such crafts in the mountains remains unanswered, and the presence of direct analogies to the published items from the warrior’s arsenal in the burials of the nomads of Eastern Europe during the Golden Horde era does not exclude the possibility of an influx of such items from the Golden Horde plain to the highlands of the Eastern Pridaryal territory. Thus, the Golden Horde Tatartup, a part of the Alanian population which took refuge in the mountains at the end of the 1230s, is of special attention regarding the role in such “mediation”. Traces of these migrants, who gradually “dissolved” in the local environment, are well documented in other burial complexes of the Keli burial ground.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115415911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE TRADITION OF SPOILING VESSELS: ORIGINS ACCORDING TO THE ARCHEOLOGICAL DATA OF CISCAUCASIA","authors":"S. Korenevsky","doi":"10.32653/ch174886-911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch174886-911","url":null,"abstract":"The article reviews the deformed metallic and ceramic vessels of the Maikop-Novosvobodnenskaya community. The study is mainly based on the author’s photographs and sketches, stored in the State Hermitage Museum. The artifacts themselves were published numerous times, but the deformation of vessels, in particular, has not yet been covered. The revealed defects allow us to conclude that some of the vessels of the Maikop Kurgan were damaged intentionally; prior to placing the vessels into the grave, some of them could have been repaired. Of particular interest is a bronze bucket found in the Maikop Kurgan: its hinges for mounting the arched handles were purposely broken, i.e. the bucket was placed in the grave in the “murdered” state. The article analyzes all known shapes of bronze vessels from the whole assemblage of the Maikop-Novosvobodnenskaya community and its periphery. It has been revealed that all of them have some forms of defects or traces of repair. In most cases they are not suitable for household use, which is the very feature of the tradition of placing them in graves. Damage or repair of metallic vessels or spoilage of pottery could have been considered as a possibility for using the damaged vessels by the kinsman in the “land of ancestors”, and an individual fragment of a vessel acquired magical properties. The origins of spoiling vessels and the use of individual shreds in funerary rites has its roots in funerary rites of the Proto-Yamnaya culture of the Pre-Maikop period of Ciscaucasia. Thus, we believe that this tradition was borrowed by the bearers of the Maikop culture from their predecessors. Subsequently, it was passed to the tribes of the Middle Bronze Age.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125423774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RE-OPENED SECTION OF THE DERBENT MUSLIM NECROPOLIS OF XITH-XIITH CENTURIES","authors":"M. Gadjiev, A. L. Budaychiev, A. M. Abdulaev, Kydyrali B. Shaushev","doi":"10.32653/ch1741022-1083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch1741022-1083","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of archaeological observations in Derbent, carried out in 2020, a Muslim burial ground was discovered, representing a section of the medieval northern city necropolis, located behind the northern city defensive wall. More than 80 sarcophagus-like gravestones were discovered, made of a single stone monolith and consisting of an upper part - a body and a protruding rectangular plinth. They are of three main types: 1 - with a semicircular cross-section of the body (semi-cylindrical), 2 - with a lancet cross-section, 3 - with a rectangular cross-section of the body. There are sarcophagi nos. 1-3, two of which (sarcophagi nos. 1, 2) have figured images on the top of the case - this is an eight-pointed star or a simplified octogram - the famous Muslim symbol rubʿ al-Hizb or najmat al-Quds, associated with one of the main Muslim shrines - the Dome of the Rock (Masjid Qubbat as-Sahra) mosque in Jerusalem, but also known in the literature as the “Selçuklu Yıldızı” (Tur. Selçuklu Yıldızı), which became widespread in the Seljuk Empire in architectural decor and decorative and applied arts art ceramics, metal) in various variations. The length of the body of the identified sarcophagi ranges from 52 to 266 cm with a width of 19 to 68 cm and a height of 13 to 56 cm; the length of the plinth ranges from 68 cm to 288 cm with a width of 40-95 cm and a thickness of 5-10 cm. Obviously, the size of the sarcophagi reflects three age categories of the buried: children, adolescents, and adults. Sarcophagus No. 40 has an epitaph in Arabic in the Kufi script of the 11th-12th centuries.All in situ sarcophagi are oriented to the west and indicate the location of burials beneath them, apparently having the same orientation and made in elongated rectangular stone boxes (cysts).The revealed sarcophagi dating back to the last third of the 11th - 12th centuries. and their appearance in Derbent and Dagestan is associated with the Seljuk military-political and ethnocultural expansion in the Eastern Caucasus.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116978493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ORIGIN OF THE TITLE “UTSMYI” OF KAYTAG RULERS \u0000AND THE ETYMOLOGY OF THE OECONYM “URTSMUTS”","authors":"M. M. Mammaev","doi":"10.32653/ch174796-805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32653/ch174796-805","url":null,"abstract":"The article attempts to reveal the origin of the hereditary title “Utsmyi” of feudal rulers of Kaytag (Khaidaq’) – one of the largest state formations of the medieval Dagestan, which played an important role in political and ideological life of the North-East Caucasus. The capital of Kaytag – Qala-Quraysh (local name – “UrtsImuts”, “UrtsImutsi”), where magnificent monuments of history and culture of Medieval Age preserved, – was an administrative-political, cultural and ideological center of Dagestan. The author reviews various suggestions on the origination of the title “Utsmyi”. Interpretations of S.M. Bronevsky, E.I. Kozybsky and B.G. Malachikhanov, who suggested the origination of the title from the Arabic concept of “ismi” (notable), Jewish “otsum” (powerful, mighty), and other similar names, are considered improbable. R.M. Magomedov, B.G. Aliev, A.R. Shikhsaidov, M.S. Gadjiev suggest a feasible hypothesis about the local, Dagestan origin of the title “Utsmyi”. However, researchers of the 19th-20th centuries could not find a reliable explanation for the origin of the title in question. We propose our own view on this issue and suggest that the title “Utsmyi” derives from the local, Kaytag-Dargin colloquial name of Qala-Quraysh “UrtsImuts/UrtsImutsi”, which was recorded in written form long after the foundation of the village. The medieval Arabic written sources, local historical chronicles and epigraphic monuments, however, do not mention the local, Dagestan name “UrtsImutsi”. At the same time, the self-designated name and the name, used by the Dargins in colloquial speech since the foundation of this settlement has been and remains “UrtsImutsi”. The author explains the etymology of the oeconym from the rock massif “Urga-muza”, which means “middle mountain”, on the top (plateau) of which the village was founded long before the Arab conquests in Dagestan.","PeriodicalId":349883,"journal":{"name":"History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121331765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}