FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan)最新文献

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GAMBARAN KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 9 CIMAHI SELAMA PEMBELAJARAN DARING 美国SMP七年级学生在网上学习期间的情感智力概述
FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan) Pub Date : 2022-07-06 DOI: 10.22460/fokus.v5i4.8850
A. Lestari, E. Rohaeti, Riesa Rismawati Siddik
{"title":"GAMBARAN KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL SISWA KELAS VII SMP NEGERI 9 CIMAHI SELAMA PEMBELAJARAN DARING","authors":"A. Lestari, E. Rohaeti, Riesa Rismawati Siddik","doi":"10.22460/fokus.v5i4.8850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22460/fokus.v5i4.8850","url":null,"abstract":"The current situation in Indonesia is the covid 19 pandemic makes the government (ministry of education) apply online learning or distance learning (PJJ) regulations. Which we don't realize this affects the emotional intelligence of students. The purpose of this study is to find out the picture of emotional intelligence of students of class VII SMPN 9 Cimahi during online learning. This research uses qualitative descriptive methods. Data collection techniques use interviews, interviews and documentation. Based on the results of research in SMPN 9 Cimahi there are two categories of emotional intelligence students, measurements of low emotional intelligence category and high emotional intelligence are measured by the results of emotional intelligence questionnaire scores that have previously been given by BK teachers, students with high emotional intelligence students are able to learn emotions and express in positive things and students with low emotional intelligence focused on two indicators that have not been able to facilitate attention to the task being done and do not have the ability to communicate with others.Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Class VII Students, Online Learning. ","PeriodicalId":347822,"journal":{"name":"FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan)","volume":"220 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134006192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL MEDIA TIKTOK ON INCREASING ISLAMIC KNOWLEDGE AMONG STUDENTS 社交媒体tiktok对学生增加伊斯兰知识的影响
FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan) Pub Date : 2022-05-31 DOI: 10.22460/fokus.v5i3.10874
Zannuby Al Izzami, Wahyunengsih Wahyunengsih, Zannuby Al Izzami
{"title":"THE EFFECT OF SOCIAL MEDIA TIKTOK ON INCREASING ISLAMIC KNOWLEDGE AMONG STUDENTS","authors":"Zannuby Al Izzami, Wahyunengsih Wahyunengsih, Zannuby Al Izzami","doi":"10.22460/fokus.v5i3.10874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22460/fokus.v5i3.10874","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Tiktok social media on increasing Islamic knowledge among students. The object of this research is the students with the number of participants involved are 43 students from 20 universities. Data collection was carried out by a questionnaire consisting of 24 questions. The data collection process is carried out using the Google form platform method. The results showed that quantitatively the students had a positive influence between the influence of Tiktok and Islamic knowledge. In this study, the results showed the numbers 0.70-0.140 which means the effect is in the medium effect. Meanwhile, it is measured using psychological and related indicators to see the effect of Tiktok and Islamic knowledge among students using the SPSS Pearson statistics. Keywords: : Social Media, Influence, Knowledge","PeriodicalId":347822,"journal":{"name":"FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan)","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114411539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
IMPLEMENTASI KONSELING KELOMPOK DENGAN TEKNIK BIBLIOTERAPI TERHADAP PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK SISWA SMP KELAS IX 团体咨询采用了九年级学生学术发展的参考文献疗法
FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan) Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI: 10.22460/fokus.v5i3.8558
R. Nugraha, S. Fatimah, Reza Pahlevi
{"title":"IMPLEMENTASI KONSELING KELOMPOK DENGAN TEKNIK BIBLIOTERAPI TERHADAP PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK SISWA SMP KELAS IX","authors":"R. Nugraha, S. Fatimah, Reza Pahlevi","doi":"10.22460/fokus.v5i3.8558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22460/fokus.v5i3.8558","url":null,"abstract":"School tasks are responsibilities that must be done and completed for every student. However, there are some cases where students are late in submitting the tasks, while the others do not even submit them at all. The behavior of delaying the responsibility is called procrastination, and if the responsibility is in academic things, then it is called academic procrastination. Academic procrastination behavior can have an impact on students' grades. Guidance and counseling teachers can help counselees in solving academic procrastination problems by using group counseling with bibliotherapy techniques. The subjects of this study are two students who have procrastination behavior and one guidance and counseling teacher. This study use qualitative research method with descriptive approach.  This study aims to determine the implementation of group counseling using bibliotherapy techniques on academic procrastination of ninth-grade junior high school students. Guidance and counseling teachers can use group counseling with bibliotherapy and the I SOLVE strategy to reduce academic procrastination behavior for ninth-grade junior high school students. Keywords: : Group Counseling, Bibliotherapy, Academic Procrastination","PeriodicalId":347822,"journal":{"name":"FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan)","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125390187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY DALAM MENANGANI KECEMASAN SOSIAL KORBAN BULLYING
FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan) Pub Date : 2022-05-24 DOI: 10.22460/fokus.v5i3.8642
Ayu Dwi Melati, S. Fatimah, A. Manuardi
{"title":"RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY DALAM MENANGANI KECEMASAN SOSIAL KORBAN BULLYING","authors":"Ayu Dwi Melati, S. Fatimah, A. Manuardi","doi":"10.22460/fokus.v5i3.8642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22460/fokus.v5i3.8642","url":null,"abstract":"Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) is one of the therapy to change irrational thoughts into rational ones. Purpose of this study is to determine the technique of rational emotive behavior therapy in dealing with social anxiety of victims of bullying on students. One of the consequences of bullying behavior is social anxiety, therefore victims of bullying must be dealth with immediately. Therapy lasted for six meetings with a time of 45 minutes each counseling. These research subjects were students of class XII SMA. The type of research was used descriptive qualitative with data collection through the observation, interviews, and documentation of counseling results. The results of this study are the use of rational emotive behavior therapy with three techniques can handle the anxiety of victims of bullying in students. This is evident from the changes after the implementation of counseling services, students can think more logically and want to go back school.Keywords: Anxiety Social, Bullying, Rational emotive behavior therapy.  ","PeriodicalId":347822,"journal":{"name":"FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131772497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
GAMBARAN DESKRIPTIF PRILAKU MEMBOLOS SISWA SMP KELAS VII DAN VIII DI SMP KARTIKA XIX-2 在SMP KARTIKA XIX-2中,初中七年级和八年级学生逃学的描述性行为
FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan) Pub Date : 2022-05-18 DOI: 10.22460/fokus.v5i3.8059
Wulan Dari, Ecep Supriatna, E. Rohaeti
{"title":"GAMBARAN DESKRIPTIF PRILAKU MEMBOLOS SISWA SMP KELAS VII DAN VIII DI SMP KARTIKA XIX-2","authors":"Wulan Dari, Ecep Supriatna, E. Rohaeti","doi":"10.22460/fokus.v5i3.8059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22460/fokus.v5i3.8059","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the description of student truancy behavior in SMP Kartika XIX-2. This type of research is a descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The population in this study were students of class VII and VIII at SMP Kartika XIX-2 Bandung. The sample in this study amounted to 152 students. The sampling technique in this study is saturated sampling, with the aim that each population is used as a sample. The data collection technique used was in the form of a questionnaire, which consisted of indicators of truancy behavior and factors causing truancy. From the results of the data analysis of truancy behavior there are 33% (50 students) truant behavior is categorized as high, 48% (73 students) are categorized as being truant behavior and only 19% (29 students) are declared low in truancy behavior. Based on the results of research conducted by researchers, it is known that there are 2 factors that cause truancy behavior, namely internal factors from within the child itself and external factors, namely from the surrounding environment, family, friends, and school environment.Keywords: : truancy behavior, truancy factor ","PeriodicalId":347822,"journal":{"name":"FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114966224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
VALIDITAS DAN RELIABILTAS ANGKET KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SISWA SMP 中学生自力更生学习的有效性和可靠性
FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan) Pub Date : 2022-05-18 DOI: 10.22460/fokus.v5i3.7260
Yesi Rahmawati, Ecep Supriatna, Wiwin Yuliani
{"title":"VALIDITAS DAN RELIABILTAS ANGKET KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SISWA SMP","authors":"Yesi Rahmawati, Ecep Supriatna, Wiwin Yuliani","doi":"10.22460/fokus.v5i3.7260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22460/fokus.v5i3.7260","url":null,"abstract":"Independence in learning is student learning activities that are carried out individually without depending on the people around them, initiative, have the desire and awareness and can be responsible for completing assignments and learning problems on their own. Seeing the importance of independent learning for the future of students, an instrument is needed for independent learning. This study has the aim of testing the validity and reliability of the student learning independence questionnaire. The data collection instrument used was a questionnaire consisting of 30 statements with a subject of 60 students of SMP Negeri'2 Batujajar. It is known that from 30 statements, 28 statements were declared valid with a reliability result of 0.830 belonging to the high category. So it can be concluded that this questionnaire is valid and reliable to be used as an instrument to measure student learning independence.Keywords: : Learning Independence, Validity, Reliability","PeriodicalId":347822,"journal":{"name":"FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan)","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126825621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
FORM OF PARENTS' PREVENTION MEASURES ON CYBERBULLYING BEHAVIOR IN ADOLESCENTS 家长对青少年网络欺凌行为的预防措施形式
FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan) Pub Date : 2022-05-16 DOI: 10.22460/fokus.v5i3.10742
Lintang Dwi Aprilia, Shabilla Noor Rachma
{"title":"FORM OF PARENTS' PREVENTION MEASURES ON CYBERBULLYING BEHAVIOR IN ADOLESCENTS","authors":"Lintang Dwi Aprilia, Shabilla Noor Rachma","doi":"10.22460/fokus.v5i3.10742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22460/fokus.v5i3.10742","url":null,"abstract":"This paper covers the forms of cyberbullying prevention measures in adolescents. Cyberbullying is sometimes still underestimated by some people, even though the impact of this cyberbullying will have a huge impact on teenagers. This study aims to describe several forms of cyberbullying prevention measures at the age of teenagers. The object of this research is the parents of teenage children. This study uses a quantitative method approach that will use an inductive mindset to conclude. Then, using a questionnaire for data collection methods. From the data collected through filling out the google form, it can be concluded that the form of parental action taken to prevent cyberbullying behavior is by providing education about social media to children, often communicating with children, and emotionally supporting children such as giving love. to children, applying time restrictions on the use of gadgets and in using social media to children, conducting social media checks. As well as telling children that they have to sort out what I should post on social media. Keywords:   Emotional Regulation, Group Counseling, Sociodrama","PeriodicalId":347822,"journal":{"name":"FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115306030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CORELATION OF OVERTHINGKING TOWARD CAREER DECISION AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS 大学生过度思考与职业决策的相关关系
FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan) Pub Date : 2022-05-14 DOI: 10.22460/fokus.v5i3.10739
Hilma Agisna Nabila, W. Wahyuningsih, Melsa Mendyana
{"title":"CORELATION OF OVERTHINGKING TOWARD CAREER DECISION AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS","authors":"Hilma Agisna Nabila, W. Wahyuningsih, Melsa Mendyana","doi":"10.22460/fokus.v5i3.10739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22460/fokus.v5i3.10739","url":null,"abstract":"Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji Hubungan antara sikap Overthingking dengan keputusan terhadap karier di kalangan Mahasiswa. Objek penelitian ini adalah para Mahasiswa dengan jumlah partisipisan yang terlibat adalah 101 Mahasiswa dari 21 perguruan tinggi, Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah questioner yang terdiri dari 14 pertanyaan. Adapun proses pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode platform Google form. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara kuantitatif para mahasiswa mengalami Overthinking dan sulit mengambil keputusan terhadap karier, banyak berpikir menjadi sulit menentukan keputusan dan sedikit kehilangan kepercayaan dan keberanian menggambil keputusan khususnya dalam karier dalam penelitian ini hasil menunjukan pada angka ‘524 yang artinya tingkat overthiking dan keputusan terhadap karier di kalangan mahasiswa ada pada korelasi sedang hal tersebut diukur menggunakan indikator psikologis dan terkait untuk melihat korelasi sikap overthinking dengan keputusan terkait karir dikalangan mahasiswa menggunakan statistik SPSS Pearson. Kata Kunci: Overthingking, Karier, dan Kondisi Psikologis","PeriodicalId":347822,"journal":{"name":"FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122009489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PROFIL MOTIVASI BERPRESTASI SISWA SMA NEGERI 1 NGAMPRAH SMA成绩概览1 NGAMPRAH
FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan) Pub Date : 2022-05-13 DOI: 10.22460/fokus.v5i3.8018
Eneng Lia Fibriati, E. Rohaeti, Devy Sekar ayu Ningrum
{"title":"PROFIL MOTIVASI BERPRESTASI SISWA SMA NEGERI 1 NGAMPRAH","authors":"Eneng Lia Fibriati, E. Rohaeti, Devy Sekar ayu Ningrum","doi":"10.22460/fokus.v5i3.8018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22460/fokus.v5i3.8018","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to describe the achievement motivation of class X students of SMA Negeri 1 Ngamprah. The subjects of this study consisted of 30 students of class X SMA Negeri 1 Ngamprah, while the sampling technique used purposive sampling technique, namely the technique of determining the sample with certain considerations, this study used quantitative descriptive research methods. The data collection technique is through interviews and observations, while the data collection tool used is the distribution of questionnaires using the grand theory indicators from Mc. Clelland. The results of the study obtained a picture of student achievement motivation, namely the need for achievement, which is 68.75% with a moderate categorization, where the need for power is 45.73% with a low categorization, and the need for affiliation (need for power). of affiliation) that is the need to obtain good social relations by 63.46% with moderate categorization. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that most of the students' achievement motivation is still classified as moderate, with an average of 64.33%.Keywords: Achievement Motivation, Students","PeriodicalId":347822,"journal":{"name":"FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan)","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116705869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK DENGAN TEKNIK SELF-MANAGEMENT UNTUK MENGATASI KECEMASAN SISWA MTS TERHADAP KEGIATAN E-LEARNING. 小组指导学生自我管理技术,以克服学生对电子学习活动的焦虑。
FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan) Pub Date : 2022-05-13 DOI: 10.22460/fokus.v5i3.8706
Anisa Yuniarti, S. Fatimah, Rima Irmayanti
{"title":"BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK DENGAN TEKNIK SELF-MANAGEMENT UNTUK MENGATASI KECEMASAN SISWA MTS TERHADAP KEGIATAN E-LEARNING.","authors":"Anisa Yuniarti, S. Fatimah, Rima Irmayanti","doi":"10.22460/fokus.v5i3.8706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22460/fokus.v5i3.8706","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of e-learning during the pandemic is a new breakthrough for the learning system in Indonesia, but this new thing is certainly a burden for students and teachers because it takes a long time to adapt. E-learning makes it easier for students to get material flexibly and be able to evaluate their own learning anywhere. However, behind this convenience, e-learning makes students misuse the learning system and learning time to play. This happens because students consider the tasks and materials given by the teacher to be unimportant, even the learning atmosphere is considered saturated. In the end, the negative impact formed an anxiety, especially for the students of MTs Darussalam to make their achievement decline. Self-management technique group guidance is an alternative solution for BK teachers to stimulate students' anxiety into positive energy. This research was conducted using descriptive qualitative method with research subjects from two sources, namely six students of Class 8B and one BK teacher. The results of this study prove that the self-management technique group guidance service carried out with the stages of self-awareness, self-evaluation and self-reinforcement, this service succeeded in reducing anxiety levels and helping students manage their anxiety. This is a new reference for BK MTs Darussalam teachers to provide similar services so that all students can minimize anxiety levels during e-learning. Keywords: : E-Learning, Anxiety, Teknik Self Management","PeriodicalId":347822,"journal":{"name":"FOKUS (Kajian Bimbingan & Konseling dalam Pendidikan)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127592787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
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