Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta最新文献

{"title":"Dynamic properties of a motor grader seat with quasi-zero static characteristics","authors":"M. Korytov, V. Sherbakov, I. Kashapova","doi":"10.22281/2413-9920-2022-08-04-291-298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9920-2022-08-04-291-298","url":null,"abstract":"During operation, transport and technological machines and equipment experience significant vibration effects from the working environment, which are transmitted to the human operator through the cab seat. The negative impact of dynamic influences and vibrations transmitted through the seat to the operator is noted in many works. The use of vibration protection systems for operator seats requires their simulation and study on mathematical models, which is an urgent task in the design of such systems. Vibration protection systems with the effect of quasi-zero stiffness are promising. To study vibration protection systems with quasi-zero stiffness, a complex simulation mathematical model of a motor grader was developed, the movements of which are of a spatial nature. The model includes subsystems of supporting elements of the base chassis, vibration-proof supports of the operator’s cabin, and, finally, the vibration-proof mechanism of the operator’s seat. The last subsystem makes it possible to study vibration protection mechanisms with a given size of the zone of quasi-zero stiffness in the static force characteristic. Using the developed complex simulation model, the system’s responses to step actions exerted on the elements of the running equipment of the base chassis of the motor grader were studied. The effects on one of the wheels of the front balance axle and one of the wheels of the rear balance bogie of the motor grader were investigated. Two static power characteristics of the vibration-protective seat system were considered, one of which had a section of quasi-zero stiffness, and the second did not. According to the results of the computational experiment, it was established that the vibration protection system with a quasi-zero stiffness section provides maximum seat accelerations that are ten times less than a vibration protection system without a quasi-zero stiffness section. This confirms the promise of using vibration protection systems with the effect of quasi-zero stiffness.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83721660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical expression for approximation of the friction force of the vibration protection mechanism of the operator’s seat","authors":"M. Korytov, V. Sherbakov, I. Kashapova","doi":"10.22281/2413-9920-2022-08-03-183-193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9920-2022-08-03-183-193","url":null,"abstract":"In mathematical modeling of dynamic and vibration protection systems of operators of construction and road machines, it is necessary to take into account the damping properties of the mechanisms. Accounting for the friction force in mathematical models is often performed using a coefficient, according to the viscous friction model. In more complex models, it is common to use a well-known expression in which the functions of the exponent and hyperbolic tangent are present, and the independent parameters are the Coulomb and separation friction forces, the separation friction rate, and the coefficient of viscous friction. This expression is used in a well-known mathematical package. However, the well-known expression does not accurately approximate the experimental friction curves. In the present work, an alternative expression for the total friction force has been supplemented. The refinement made it possible to apply a new formula for the entire range of change in the velocity argument and more accurately reproduce the characteristic shape of the experimental friction characteristics. For the new expression, complementary formulas were obtained that establish the relationship between the input parameters and a number of others that have a clear and simple physical meaning of the parameters. A comparison was made of the generally accepted and proposed expressions according to experimental data, graphs of the relative error were constructed. Also, a comparison of two expressions of the total friction force was made, as an example, on a dynamic model of forced oscillations of a concentrated mass on a moving base. The comparison results showed a significant discrepancy between the generally accepted expression in comparison with the proposed one, in terms of the total friction force, as well as a discrepancy in the amplitudes of relative displacements and absolute mass accelerations obtained on the dynamic model. The proposed expression can be used to approximate the total friction force in mathematical models of dynamic vibration protection systems for operator seats.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79725561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of tension forces of ropes during the operation of mobile transport and reloading rope complexes","authors":"A. Lagerev, I. Lagerev, V. Tarichko","doi":"10.22281/2413-9920-2022-08-03-194-210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9920-2022-08-03-194-210","url":null,"abstract":"During the operation of aerial ropeways, the system of carrying and carrying-traction ropes, which provides the possibility of moving passengers or transported goods between the terminal points of the route, experiences a high level of loading from a variety of operational loads and environmental influences. These loads and influences form the tension of the ropeway system variable along the length of the ropeway route, which has a decisive impact on the main technical and economic indicators of mobile ropeways, and thereby determines specific areas of their effective and inappropriate or unacceptable use. This article presents an engineering technique for constructing tension diagrams of carrying-traction ropes in stationary and non-stationary modes of operation of a mobile ropeway. Calculated dependences are given to determine the tension forces of ropes at characteristic points along their length, as well as calculated dependences for determining the resistance forces to the movement of ropes on characteristic sections of the mobile ropeway route. This technique can be used both for calculating the loading of the rope system based on taking into account a large number of factors characterizing operational loads, terrain parameters and transported cargo, and for analyzing the direction and significance of the variation of these factors and the main design parameters of the main technological equipment of mobile transport and reloading rope complexes. The results of the analysis of the influence of the variation of a number of significant quantitative parameters on the change in the tension forces of the carrying-traction ropes are also presented.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86172663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Method for calculating the integral mobility index of wheeled all-terrain vehicles based on the multi-criteria optimization method","authors":"L. Mazunova, V. Belyakov, L. Erofeeva, V. Makarov, M. Bushueva","doi":"10.22281/2413-9920-2022-08-03-211-222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9920-2022-08-03-211-222","url":null,"abstract":"Among the existing variety the problem of comparison of several samples of automotive equipment capable of performing their functions under certain conditions and under the specified operating conditions often arises, and, consequently, the problem of choice of the optimal design solution. This entails the need to develop a methodology for assessing the quality, which would make it possible for each sample under consideration to match a quantitative indicator displaying its operational properties and functionality. In this study, the authors set themselves the following goal — developing a universal methodic that allows to calculate the mobility index of automotive equipment considering only the structural features, that is, in the conditions of their operation on a solid road surface without taking into account the conditions of rough terrain. Based on analytical data displaying the technical characteristics of the machines, such as speed, braking and traction properties, controllability and maneuverability, stability, smoothness, patency, etc. empirical criteria are constructed, then the simplest indicators are aggregated into integral one, taking into account the weight of their contribution to the mobility indicator. Using the obtained methodology, the mobility indicators for a number of models of wheeled all-terrain vehicles were calculated, the ranked vehicle series are given according to this indicator.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78454246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of rational operating parameters of vibroimpact screen","authors":"Valentin Sizikov","doi":"10.22281/2413-9920-2022-08-03-223-235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9920-2022-08-03-223-235","url":null,"abstract":"The paper deals with the problem of vibroimpact screen operating regimes selection for the regime of anti-phase oscillations of its elements. The criteria of effective screen operation accepted are impact impulse transferred to sieve from vibroimpact lattice and sieve double amplitude, which provide effective regimes of sieve cleaning from clogging particles and maintenance of preset sieve oscillations regime for support of technological parameters of material screening. Using the developed mathematical model and program the computational experiment was conducted for operating oscillation frequency range from 105 rad/s to 160 rad/s and adjustment gap between vibroimpact lattice and sieve for operating range from 0 to 5,5 mm. Influences of oscillation frequency and adjustment gap on impact impulse transferred to sieve and sieve double amplitude are obtained in the form of regression equations. On its base the recommendations for determining effective operating regimes of vibroimpact screen are offered. Obtained regularities explain nonlinear behavior of two-mass vibroimpulse oscillating system according to its operating parameters changing and show principal opportunities of system control. Also obtained results could find an application in screen operating regimes adjustment during commissioning and start-up operation and screen operation period, and could decrease labor costs and fasten the procedure of rational screen operating parameters searching.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79584747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the dynamic behavior of a spool with a modernized drive","authors":"Andrey Svojkin, P.Ya. Krauinsh","doi":"10.22281/2413-9920-2022-08-03-246-254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9920-2022-08-03-246-254","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the dynamic behavior of a spool plunger with a modernized drive. Modernization of the drive consists in replacing the electromagnet with a stepper motor with the transformation of rotational motion, — with the help of a screw pair, — into a rectilinear one. The contact between the ends of the screw and the plunger is provided by a spring. The value of the preliminary compression of the plunger to the end of the screw is assigned on the basis of guaranteed operation without loss of contact, due to which the plunger practically does not respond to disturbances and is devoid of an oscillatory component during the transient process. The mathematical model includes the influence of fluid friction and hydrodynamic force arising from pressure loss on the distributor 4 MPa. The study of the dynamics of the plunger consists in the accelerated retraction of the screw — which is in force contact with the end face of the spool — and the determination of the limit values of acceleration as a function of the preload force.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84652298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the influence of the parameters of a hydropneumatic accumulator on the operation of the device for controlling the position of a cylindrical brush of a communal machine","authors":"S. Tsekhosh, V. Sherbakov, B. Zhuravskiy","doi":"10.22281/2413-9920-2022-08-03-236-245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9920-2022-08-03-236-245","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the actual problem of improving the quality of cleaning roads and sidewalks by communal machines with brush working equipment. One of the main parameters of the working process of a communal machine with brush working equipment, which determines the cleaning efficiency and brush life, is the brush pressing force against the surface to be cleaned. In order to ensure the highest efficiency of the cleaning process during the operation of the communal machine, it is required to maintain a certain value of the brush pressing force. During the operation of a communal machine equipped with brush implements with track rollers, the pressing force can vary significantly. To maintain the required value of the brush pressing force against the surface to be cleaned, a device for controlling the position of the brush working equipment using a hydropneumatic accumulator connected to the rod end of a standard hydraulic cylinder is proposed. The pressure of the working fluid created by the hydropneumatic accumulator and acting on the piston of the hydraulic cylinder creates a force acting on the brush working equipment, which makes it possible to provide the necessary force for pressing the brush to the surface to be cleaned. The performance indicators of the device for controlling the position of the brush working equipment depend on the selected values of the design parameters of its elements, including the parameters of the hydropneumatic accumulator. The dependences of the deviation of the brush pressing force from the required value during the vertical movement of the brush working equipment on the useful volume, the initial charging pressure and the maximum pressure of the hydropneumatic accumulator are obtained. A method is considered to reduce the deviation of the brush pressing force from the required value by connecting an additional volume to the gas cavity of the hydropneumatic accumulator.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85784464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MARCH OF THE PARISIANS ON VERSAILLES IN THE AUTUMN OF 1789: FOOD RIOT OR POLITICAL ACTION?","authors":"S. Blumenau","doi":"10.22281/2413-9912-2022-06-02-31-37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9912-2022-06-02-31-37","url":null,"abstract":"The events on October 5-6, 1789 were not a trivial food riot caused by a lack of bread in the capital. Political activists in Paris sought to wrest the king from the grasp of the Versailles environment that was hostile to the revolution. At the same time, they remained imbued with \"tsarist\" sentiments. However, love for the monarch was combined with hatred for his wife - an \"Austrian\" and a squanderer, who was in their eyes, at the suggestion of embittered pamphleteers, a monster of debauchery. Notably, Louis did not show the lack of will attributed to him by historians. For some time he resolutely defended his positions in the face of the onslaught of the Constituent Assembly. However, the march of the lower classes on Versailles made the monarch more compliant, forced him to go to Paris, where he became a hostage to the revolutionary crowds. For a short period of time the food problem became less acute. The capital remained relatively calm. This facilitated the reformist activities of the deputy corps and resulted in the fundamental social and political reforms of 1790-1791. But in some regions of France tension on church and religious grounds gave rise to bloody clashes. Moreover, the economic situation that worsened later and the war with the neighboring states that began in 1792 led to a further radicalization of the revolution.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49652347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REMUNERATION OF OFFICERS OF STATE CUSTOMS SERVICE IN GRAND DUCHY OF LITHUANIA IN LATTER HALF OF XVIII CENTURY","authors":"I. Kiturka","doi":"10.22281/2413-9912-2022-06-02-63-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9912-2022-06-02-63-71","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the analysis of the sources of remuneration for customs officers in the Great Duchy of Lithuania in the latter half of the XVIII century. Organizational issues of the State Customs Services in the GDL including the financial provision of customs officers were the responsibility of the Skarbovaya Commission of the GDL. The research leads to the conclusion that the remuneration of the officers was primarily determined based on their position in the Customs hierarchy (counter-registrant, superintendant, intendant, record clerk, chief guard, guard, etc.) and their performance: cost-effectiveness and capacity of customs checkpoints and the workload. Customs officers could be paid not only a fixed amount of a yearly salary but also an additional bonus which was called accidens (from Latin accidens - accidental). An accidens was assigned by the decision of the Skarbovaya Commission and its amount wasn’t regulated by any in-house guidelines. As a rule, it was paid for outstanding day-to-day professional performance and as a reward for honorable service upon retirement. The source of an official pay rise for the performance of Customs officers in the latter half of the XVIII century was a reward for detecting smuggled goods upon customs examination. Its amount initially equated to a quarter of a duty paid by a merchant for transportation of smuggled goods (promyto) and it reached 50% starting from January 1794. For a certain period, large sums of money were accumulated at the customs within the personal responsibility of the head of the Customs as the money from customs duties was transported to the treasury every six months. Such a situation created favourable conditions and opportunities for heads of Customs checkpoints to abuse of official position. Civil servants, having relatively small yearly allowance, often used the collected money for their purposes returning it at the time it was supposed to be transported to the treasury. The article also notes that Customs Service in the GDL in the latter half of the XVIII century presented a special institute in the system of state government and the establishment of a single payment rate for Customs officers of various ranks was definitely an innovation.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48600903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE CASE OF MENDEL BEILIS AND THE POSITION OF VASILY SHULGIN","authors":"D. Babkov","doi":"10.22281/2413-9912-2022-06-02-15-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9912-2022-06-02-15-30","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of the presented work is the paradoxical position of V.V. Shulgin (1878-1976), a Russian politician of the first third of the XX century, in the odious \"Beilis case\". In this story, Mendel Beilis himself became a bargaining chip in the political struggle of defenders of the foundations of traditionalism and monarchy with supporters of liberal and revolutionary views. Having a reputation as a staunch monarchist and anti-Semite, Shulgin unexpectedly stood up for the accused - a Jew by nationality, which caused a storm in the then Russian society. He also did not support the myth of the \"bloody covenant\" – the accusation of Jews in the murder of gentiles (usually children) in order to obtain their blood for ritual purposes. Colleagues in the right camp turned away from him, and ideological opponents, on the contrary, enthusiastically supported him. Not only contemporaries, but also subsequent researchers turned to Shulgin's act, suggesting the motives of his demarche. But for various reasons, in our opinion, they did not give the right explanation. As a result of the study of sources on this issue, the author's interpretation of Shulgin's motivation is proposed. It is concluded that by becoming an unwitting \"advocate\" of the Jew Beilis and protecting the whole people from the \"blood libel\", Vasily Vitalievich thereby saved the honor of the Russian government, the Russian people and Russia. In Shulgin's eyes, involving Jews in politics was more dangerous than foolishly accusing them of ritual murders. He opposed the politicization of Jewry sharply and categorically. Some of the arguments he used will now obviously cause condemnation, but in the conditions of the political and legal system of the Russian Empire, Shulgin's statements were quite acceptable.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43608260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}