Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of the resource formation of truck tires in mountainous conditions during the construction of the Rogun hydro power plants","authors":"A. Umirzokov, F. I. Jobirov, S. Saidullozoda, A. Berdiev","doi":"10.22281/2413-9920-2021-07-04-396-403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9920-2021-07-04-396-403","url":null,"abstract":"In the harsh mountainous conditions of the operation of trucks during the construction of hydraulic structures, the car tire is the most vulnerable element that determines the efficiency of the transport process and the cost of transportation. Due to a significant decrease in the resource of truck tires in the harsh mountain conditions, the cost of operating a vehicle increases significantly. The purpose of the study is related to the assessment, adjustment and regulation of the resource, as well as planning the costs of purchasing and the entire life cycle of truck tires operated in mountainous conditions. The work is devoted to the assessment of the formation of the resource of truck tires in the mountainous conditions of the construction of the Rogun HPP, taking into account the influence of the most significant factors. To assess the formation of the resource of truck tires in the mountainous conditions of the construction of the Rogun HPP, an integrated scientific approach was used, taking into account the most significant factors. The assessment of the influence of fluctuations of external influences on the object of research, depending on the conditions and nature of the process of formation of the tire resource was carried out by the probabilistic-statistical method, and the empirical characteristics of the distribution of the above factors were calculated by the method of V.I. Romanovsky. The simplified mathematical model presented in the article can be recommended when adjusting the tire resources of trucks in mountainous conditions during the construction of hydraulic structures (for example, the construction of the Rogun HPP). The practical significance of the work is associated with the selection and planning of the need for automobile tires, operated in mountain conditions. The research results can be recommended for assessing the resource of tires of various standard sizes and designs mounted on trucks of various modifications, operated in various road and climatic conditions during the construction of hydraulic structures.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83573767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural analysis of freight car lever transmission with parallel shoe releasing devices taking into account the edge contact of the shoe and wheel","authors":"V. A. Karpychev, A.B. Bolotina, D.V. Kovin","doi":"10.22281/2413-9920-2021-07-04-328-335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9920-2021-07-04-328-335","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the issues of modeling the stress-strain state of the attachment points of the cab of a wheeled chassis of high load capacity. The main design loads are determined. Geometric and computational finite element models are constructed, taking into account the features of the metal structure. The technique of gluing elements of the grid model is applied. The contact interaction of the parts is taken into account. Based on the calculations performed, conclusions are drawn about the compliance of the developed structure with the strength requirements.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77434740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE «ALTERNATIVE» MEANS OF USAGE OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS IN RUSSIA OF THE 18TH CENTURY","authors":"Yevgenia Lupanova, E. Ras","doi":"10.22281/2413-9912-2021-05-03-118-128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9912-2021-05-03-118-128","url":null,"abstract":"The 18th century was marked by the appearance of a great number of unusual objects in Russia. Besides military ships, wardrobes and beds, wigs and Holland-fashioned suites they were all kinds of scientific instruments – compasses, astrolabes, sundials, clocks, bisecting dividers, electrostatic machines etс. They were visible and tangible signs of western culture, processes of Russian modernization and westernization. And besides the obvious for us today means of usage they had some other ones. Many instruments were multi-faceted. As a rule they all were rear and expensive things, hand-made by individual order in just few or even the only exemplar. Not everyone could use them. So the instruments demonstrated the high level of education and the high social status of the possessor. The instruments were used for entertainment both at the court and for general public. This kind of court activities was an important tool of attracting attention and state investments to the scientific researches. Clocks, sundials and telescopes played diplomatic role as gifts both on the level of transnational communication and on the local one (the establishment of good relations between arriving expeditions and local authorities). At last local peasants preserved the strange objects possessed by alien-dressed men as a super-modern weapon of pillage.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44942088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ORIGIN OF HEAD CROWNS IN ANCIENT AESTIA AND PRUSSIANS","authors":"V. Kulakov","doi":"10.22281/2413-9912-2021-05-03-99-109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9912-2021-05-03-99-109","url":null,"abstract":"The archaeological material of the south-eastern Baltic States contains several rare specimens of typeset head corollas for the antiquities of the Western Balts. The conclusions obtained as a result of the analysis of the head corollas of the Western Balts of the I-XIV centuries can be presented as follows: 1. Northern European masters at the beginning of our era created their own versions of head wreaths, based on examples of ancient votive wreaths. The latter were used both in triumphal events and at the burial of notable members of ancient society. It remains unclear under what conditions the Scandinavians could adopt the idea of a votive wreath, reworking it in the form of head corollas. 2. In phase B1, individual representatives of the northern tribes appear on Sambia, who brought crowns with them to the Amber Coast as part of the matrimonial \"import\", which were attached in especially solemn (cult ?) in cases of head covering. 3. In Roman times, head crowns did not find their place in the material culture of the population of the western outskirts of the Baltic world. In the early Middle Ages, through the mediation of master jewelers of south-eastern Europe, the tradition of wearing corollas made using Byzantine traditions spread in the Baltic States. It is possible that these traditions came to the Baltic States with groups of artisans along the Vislin trade route – the ancient Great Amber Road.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47476846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE IMAGE OF THE COLONIAL \"OTHER\": EAST TURKESTAN IN THE VIEWS OF THE BRITISH IN THE 1870s.","authors":"N. Bogomolova","doi":"10.22281/2413-9912-2021-05-03-16-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9912-2021-05-03-16-33","url":null,"abstract":"The article reveals the mechanisms of the East Turkestan’s image representation which represented in British press during Kashgaria’s expedition of sir D. Forsythe - an official of the Anglo-Indian administration and the political Adviser on Central Asian Affairs. The theme fits into the problems of the image of the colonial \"Other\". The process of its formation is shown through the investigation of the textual and visual components of the East Turkestan’s image which represented in British press during the period. It is the analysis of the novation and continuity of metropolitan citizens’ perception of their colonies that is in the focus of our attention in the first mass illustrated magazine “The Illustrated London News” and such conservative press as “The Daily Telegraph”, “The Morning Post”, “The Standard”, “The Manchester Courier”, “The Leeds Intelligencer”. It is the analysis of specific stylistic means that helps to construct the image of the colonial \"Other\" on the pages of the British press. The author analyzes the peculiarities of the Victorians ' perception of the political titulature of East Turkestan, local residents, their appearance and personal qualities, natural conditions, cities, settlements, and features of everyday life.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42044039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SANITARY AND HYGIENIC MEASURES AT THE FRONT AND IN THE REAR, CARRIED OUT ON THE TERRITORY OF THE MINSK MILITARY DISTRICT IN 1914-1917","authors":"Y. Ustinova","doi":"10.22281/2413-9912-2021-05-03-161-171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9912-2021-05-03-161-171","url":null,"abstract":"The article highlights and analyzes sanitary and hygienic measures carried out on the territory of the Minsk Military District at the beginning of the First World War. With the outbreak of war, the number of cases constantly increased, the growth of infectious diseases was especially large. Cholera epidemics were recorded annually. There was a high incidence of typhoid fever and dysentery. There was an increase in the incidence of variola. The spread of diseases was facilitated by huge flows of refugees who were evacuated by whole echelons to the internal provinces of Russia and whose route passed through the territory of the Minsk Military District. The program of anti-epidemiological and preventive measures included concern for the health of soldiers, contentment, and a place to relax. Awareness-raising activities were carried out. However, the measures taken at the beginning of the war turned out to be ineffective due to the lack of a single military medical organization and medicines. The lack of medical staff in the rear and especially at the front, material and human resources, and the inconsistency of actions between departmental structures complicated the implementation of preventive and therapeutic measures to prevent and reduce the spread of morbidity rate. The article is written on the basis of the materials of the Orders of the Minsk Military District Administration at the theatre of war.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49076013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GREATER LONDON POLICE: ORIGINS AND CURRENT STATUS","authors":"S. V. Pronkin","doi":"10.22281/2413-9912-2021-05-03-148-160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9912-2021-05-03-148-160","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the interaction of the police and the elected bodies of Greater London-its Administration and municipal districts (boroughs) - in ensuring law and order. Both the history of the issue and its current state are touched upon. The foreign experience of interaction of the authorities in the maintenance of public security is of interest to the Russian Federation, which continues to search for effective forms of regional and municipal government, its place in the implementation of state functions. The experience of the United Kingdom is of particular interest in this regard, since in this country, the municipal and regional (self) government has historically developed significantly. The article mainly uses political and legal documents as sources of information. The author concludes that historically municipalities and local social forces played a crucial role in ensuring public security. It was typically for a «small state» with a tiny bureaucratic apparatus. Then government bodies played this role. Changes in the organization of the police were associated with the transition from the traditional rural society to modern urbanized. This required the creation of a professional centrally managed police force. The reform lasted for several decades. It’s important stage – Home office secretary R. Peel′s activity. Currently, efforts are being made to entrust the elected regional and municipal authorities with a new mission in ensuring public security – the exercise of democratic control over the activities of the police. In London this control is carried out by the mayor and the city council – Assembly. Municipal districts coordinate the activities of public services, civil, non-profit organization, business and individual citizens to ensure security in their territory.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44972982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical models of wheel turning processes road construction vehicles","authors":"R. Sukharev, S. Automobile","doi":"10.22281/2413-9920-2021-07-03-259-269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9920-2021-07-03-259-269","url":null,"abstract":"The construction of highways is a complex, multi-stage process. Most of the construction works are carried out according to the projects of structures and quite high requirements are imposed on the quality of execution. The fulfillment of these requirements is associated with great difficulties in view of the limited accuracy of the road construction machine itself, the lack of on-board control systems and the limited capabilities of the human operator, who is unable to determine the required exact parameters of the structure being built «by eye». To meet the requirements, three-dimensional control systems are used, which allow determining 3 coordinates of the working order of the machine – the vertical coordinate and the location of the machine on the construction site. At the same time, the digital project of the constructed structure should be the setter in such a system. The system determines the current position and compares it with the project. On the basis of this information, a control effect on the operating organ of the machine is formed. The course of movement and the speed of the machine when using such systems are determined by the machine operator. Further development of these systems should be four-dimensional systems – in which all control actions are assigned to the control system, starting from calculating the trajectory of the machine, choosing the speed, determining the required number of passes and ending with controlling the position of the working body of the machine at each moment of time. For the functioning of these systems, adequate mathematical models of the turning processes of road construction machines with different steering options are necessary.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79864037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE ACTIVITIES OF THE SOVIET GOVERNMENT TO CLOSE ORTHODOX CHURCHES ON THE TERRITORY OF THE EASTERN TRANSBAIKALIA IN THE 1930S","authors":"E. Drobotushenko","doi":"10.22281/2413-9912-2021-05-03-34-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9912-2021-05-03-34-45","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the features of the Soviet government's activities in Eastern Transbaikalia to close Orthodox churches in the most difficult period of its Orthodox history – in the fourth decade of the XX century. It is noted that this time in the history of Orthodoxy in the region is poorly studied. The few available publications contain fragmentary data on the problem. This predetermined the appeal to the sources-the documents of the State Archive of the Russian Federation (SARF). On their basis, data on specific churches are provided, in some cases, the closure process is described, some communities of believers are mentioned, and the correspondence of believers with the OCAK containing complaints about the actions of local and regional authorities is characterized. The research is based on the principles of objectivity and historicism. The work is based on general scientific methods of collecting, analyzing and synthesizing material, as well as special methods of historical knowledge. It is noted that in the history of the closure of churches in Eastern Transbaikalia in the 1930s, there are controversial points that require clarification. In general, the data on the problem field of the article, to date, seems sketchy, which determines the need for further work with sources to clarify the available information and supplement the picture with new facts.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46770182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AMERICAN-MEXICAN BORDER CONFLICTS IN THE 1870–1910S","authors":"V. Prilutskiy","doi":"10.22281/2413-9912-2021-05-03-139-147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22281/2413-9912-2021-05-03-139-147","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the border conflicts between Mexico and the United States at the turn of the XIXth and XXth centuries. American-Mexican relations were an important factor in the development of the regional subsystem of international relations in the Western Hemisphere. Historically, Mexico and the United States have had a complicated relationship. Mexico in the late XIXth – early XXth centuries was a secondary peripheral state, which was mainly agrarian in nature. There were both phases of acute confrontation (almost the entire XIXth century and the beginning of the XXth century), as well as periods of good neighborliness, relatively good, friendly, stable relationships and constructive cooperation. In relations with the United States at that time, it remained rather not a subject, but an object of influence. The extreme American expansionists proposed in the middle of the XIXth century to capture all of Mexico. In response to the aggressive aspirations of America, the Mexican radicals put forward their territorial claims to the neighboring country. They hoped to regain the vast northern region, that was lost during the wars of 1835-1848, which included Upper California, New Mexico, Utah, Arizona and Texas (which was called the \"New Philippines\" during the era of Spanish colonization). There are two stages of confrontation between the two countries: the 1870s – 1890s and the 1910s – 1920s. The most serious exacerbations on the border occurred in 1876, 1877, 1891-1893, 1896, 1906 and 1910-1919. Both government troops and irregular (militias, partisans, rebels) formations took part in the regional armed conflict. As a result, the situation stabilized for almost a century.","PeriodicalId":34506,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik Brianskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46230555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}