Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut最新文献

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Phytochemicals and bioactivities of Cedrus libani A. Rich. 香柏树的植物化学成分及生物活性研究。
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut Pub Date : 2023-06-03 DOI: 10.21608/bfsa.2023.206769.1724
R. Nayal, M. Abajy, Arwa Al Bakor
{"title":"Phytochemicals and bioactivities of Cedrus libani A. Rich.","authors":"R. Nayal, M. Abajy, Arwa Al Bakor","doi":"10.21608/bfsa.2023.206769.1724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.206769.1724","url":null,"abstract":"Cedrus libani (Pinaceae) is a species native to the Mediterranean area. It was traditionally used to cure a wide range of illnesses, including inflammatory and respiratory conditions, as well as to relieve toothache pain. The purpose of this review is to deepen our understanding of both the composition and the bioactivities of this plant by providing a survey of the information that is currently available on numerous electronic databases about botanical aspects, traditional uses, phytochemistry, and biological activities. This review demonstrated that various plant parts have a wide range of bioactivities and active phytochemicals, suggesting that they might be used as a source of natural antioxidants and antimicrobials for industrial and medical applications. Human blood-related illnesses may also be treated with Cedrus libani. Moreover, it exhibits promising analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. However, more toxicological and clinical research is required to determine its applications' safety and efficacy in treating human ailments.","PeriodicalId":345040,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132078106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The potential protective effect of stevia rebaudiana on dexamethasone-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats: Role of PPAR-α 甜菊糖对地塞米松诱导的大鼠非酒精性脂肪肝的潜在保护作用:PPAR-α的作用
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut Pub Date : 2023-06-03 DOI: 10.21608/bfsa.2023.204474.1711
M. Elbadr, Eman G. Mohamed, Hoda Abdelrasowl, M. Abdel-Rahman
{"title":"The potential protective effect of stevia rebaudiana on dexamethasone-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats: Role of PPAR-α","authors":"M. Elbadr, Eman G. Mohamed, Hoda Abdelrasowl, M. Abdel-Rahman","doi":"10.21608/bfsa.2023.204474.1711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.204474.1711","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Currently, using medicinal herbs has a great interest in the treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study evaluated the impact of stevia on the hallmark signs of dexamethasone-induced NAFLD in rats. Methods: Group I: Negative control rats received 2 ml of vehicle carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC). Group II: Rats received dexamethasone 8 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal for 6 days. Group III: Rats received oral stevia extract 400 mg/kg/day for 12 days. Group IV: Rats received dexamethasone + stevia extract. Serum ALT, AST, TC, TG and adiponectin were measured. MDA, GPx and TNF-α were estimated in liver homogenate. Histopathological changes and PPAR-α expressions in the liver were evaluated. Results: Dexamethasone caused a reduction in GPx and ADP levels with an elevation in ALT, AST, TC, TG, MDA and TNF-α. There was a decrease in immunostaining expression of liver PPAR-α. Stevia caused an improvement in liver enzymes, lipid profile, oxidative stress, TNF-α and adiponectin levels. Conclusion: Stevia provided some protection against dexamethasone-induced NAFLD.","PeriodicalId":345040,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125203781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparison effect of different combinations of metformin, atorvastatin, captopril and aspirin on oxidative stress markers of stomach and liver tissues of diabetic rats 二甲双胍、阿托伐他汀、卡托普利和阿司匹林不同组合对糖尿病大鼠胃和肝脏组织氧化应激标志物的影响
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut Pub Date : 2023-06-03 DOI: 10.21608/bfsa.2023.207384.1737
S. Niazmand, R. Mohebbati, Masoomeh Mirzaee, Mahdiyeh Hedayati-Moghadam, Morteza Ahmad Abadi, Maryam Paseban
{"title":"Comparison effect of different combinations of metformin, atorvastatin, captopril and aspirin on oxidative stress markers of stomach and liver tissues of diabetic rats","authors":"S. Niazmand, R. Mohebbati, Masoomeh Mirzaee, Mahdiyeh Hedayati-Moghadam, Morteza Ahmad Abadi, Maryam Paseban","doi":"10.21608/bfsa.2023.207384.1737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.207384.1737","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":345040,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126317996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative assessment of the protective effect of N-acetyl cysteine and Captopril against Cyclophosphamide-induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats n -乙酰半胱氨酸与卡托普利对环磷酰胺所致Wistar大鼠肾毒性保护作用的比较研究
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut Pub Date : 2023-06-03 DOI: 10.21608/bfsa.2023.206239.1719
Walaa I. Mohammed, Eman A Ali
{"title":"Comparative assessment of the protective effect of N-acetyl cysteine and Captopril against Cyclophosphamide-induced Nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats","authors":"Walaa I. Mohammed, Eman A Ali","doi":"10.21608/bfsa.2023.206239.1719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.206239.1719","url":null,"abstract":"This work was executed to assess and compare the protective effect of n-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and captopril (CPL) in the nephrotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide (CYP) in rats. Thirty-six adult male Wistar rats were separated into six groups (6 rats each). The control group received normal saline. NAC and CPL treated groups received NAC (200 mg/kg) and CPL (60 mg/kg) respectively for six consecutive days. Whereas CYP treated group received CYP (150 mg/kg) on the sixth day of the experiment. NAC+CYP and CPL+CYP treated groups received NAC and CPL respectively for 6 days then administered a single dose of CYP on the sixth day of the experiment. The intraperitoneal route is the method of administration of all drugs. CYP treated group showed a significant rise in levels of serum urea, creatinine, uric acid, and cystatin C, as also kidney MDA and IL-6 levels. Furthermore, it showed a significant decrease in kidney SOD, GSH, and IL-10 levels. Furthermore, the level of the Bcl 2 gene was downregulated. Histopathological changes in the kidney exhibited marked tubular degenerative changes. Additionally, there was a significant increase in caspase-3 within the epithelium of the renal tubules. On the other hand, NAC+CYP and CPL+CYP treated groups protected against abnormal biochemical and histological changes and restored the Bcl 2 gene. These data suggested that the administration of NAC and CPL could protect against CYP-induced nephrotoxic effect through their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects.","PeriodicalId":345040,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127580381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
UTILIZATION OF THE STABILITY-INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR DIETRY SUPPLEMENT CALCIUM OROTATE QUANTIFICATION IN CAPSULE DOSAGE FORM 稳定性指示反相高效液相色谱法测定膳食补充剂胶囊剂型中乳清酸钙含量
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.21608/bfsa.2023.300773
Swathi Koduru, Hemant Kumar T, Chaitanya Mitta, Swathi Kalepu, R. Bairam
{"title":"UTILIZATION OF THE STABILITY-INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR DIETRY SUPPLEMENT CALCIUM OROTATE QUANTIFICATION IN CAPSULE DOSAGE FORM","authors":"Swathi Koduru, Hemant Kumar T, Chaitanya Mitta, Swathi Kalepu, R. Bairam","doi":"10.21608/bfsa.2023.300773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.300773","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":345040,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128238994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
LETROZOLE ATTENUATES CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK IN PLASMODIUM BERGHEI-INFECTED MICE 来曲唑降低伯氏疟原虫感染小鼠的心脏代谢风险
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.21608/bfsa.2023.301256
A. Abdulkareem, A. Babamale, Caleb Jesutomisin, Badmos-king Oluwabunmi, Dare Ibiwumi, L. Olatunji, U. Ugbomoiko
{"title":"LETROZOLE ATTENUATES CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK IN PLASMODIUM BERGHEI-INFECTED MICE","authors":"A. Abdulkareem, A. Babamale, Caleb Jesutomisin, Badmos-king Oluwabunmi, Dare Ibiwumi, L. Olatunji, U. Ugbomoiko","doi":"10.21608/bfsa.2023.301256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.301256","url":null,"abstract":"cardiovascular disease (CVD). We recently demonstrated letrozole’s cardioprotective effects in fructose-exposed male rats. Hence, in this study, we investigated the effect of a low-dose letrozole against cardiometabolic risk in Plasmodium berghei-infected female mice. Twenty female mice were randomly grouped into four (n=5/group): uninfected, infected, letrozole (0.24 mg/kg, p.o/day, without infection), and infected + letrozole. Weekly percentage parasitaemia was recorded. At the end of the 21-day exposure, blood and liver were collected and processed for biochemical analyses. P. berghei infection decreased serum estradiol level after 21-day infection and increased serum and liver levels of malondialdehyde, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-c) index. Similarly, P. berghei elevated serum uric acid and hepatic total cholesterol levels. Meanwhile, the administered dose of letrozole did not significantly affect serum estradiol but lowered lipid peroxidation, attenuated lipid alterations, and reduced serum uric acid level. We reveal that P. berghei-infection lowered serum estradiol and promoted cardiometabolic risk in female mice, while letrozole lowered parasitaemia and mitigated the associated cardiometabolic risk. Thus, this study is suggestive of letrozole’s potential as an adjuvant therapy for improved management of malaria-induced cardiometabolic complications. Further study is recommended to investigate the anti-malaria potency of letrozole, independent of gender.","PeriodicalId":345040,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121949568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
STUDY THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF TAMSULOSIN BY THE EVALUATION OF INFLAMMATORY CELLS AND LUNG HISTOPATHOLOGY IN AN AIRWAY INFLAMMATION MODEL IN RATS 通过对大鼠气道炎症模型的炎症细胞和肺组织病理学的评价,研究坦索罗辛的抗炎作用
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.21608/bfsa.2023.301290
Hala Alabdali, MA Ibrahim
{"title":"STUDY THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF TAMSULOSIN BY THE EVALUATION OF INFLAMMATORY CELLS AND LUNG HISTOPATHOLOGY IN AN AIRWAY INFLAMMATION MODEL IN RATS","authors":"Hala Alabdali, MA Ibrahim","doi":"10.21608/bfsa.2023.301290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.301290","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Study the role of tamsulosin on the respiratory inflammation in rats with ovalbumin (OVA) induced airway sensitization by evaluating the inflammatory cells in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and the lung histopathology. Materials and methods: Thirty adult male albino rats were allocated into 5 groups (n=6). Group A – Normal control (NC) fed commercial pellets and water. Group B – (as negative control) – subjected to an airway OVA-sensitization. Group C (as positive control) – treated with oral prednisolone (4.12 mg/kg) plus OVA-sensitization. Group D – treated with oral tamsulosin (35 mcg/kg/d, equivalent to 0.4 mg for a 70 kg human) plus OVA-sensitization. Group E – treated with oral tamsulosin (17.5 mcg/kg/d, equivalent to 0.2 mg tamsulosin for a 70 kg human) plus OVA-sensitization. Inflammatory cells count/µl in the BALF was calculated along with histological analysis of the lung tissue. Results: Both doses of tamsulosin (35 and 17.5 mcg/kg/d) significantly reduced the total WBC count, eosinophils, and neutrophils. A significant reduction in mononuclear cells was detected after treatment with 35 mcg/kg/d tamsulosin. Also, the histopathological examination revealed that both doses (35 and 17.5 mcg/kg/d) of tamsulosin caused less agglomeration of the inflammatory cells within the lung tissue and clear alveolar sacs. Conclusion: the administration of tamsulosin in rats with induced airway sensitization resulted in protection from respiratory inflammatory events.","PeriodicalId":345040,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126937854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CYTOTOXIC AND ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTS OF SELECTED EGYPTIAN ASTERACEAE SPECIES AS WELL AS GC-MS METABOLITE PROFILING OF SENECIO CRUENTUS LIPOPHILIC FRACTION 部分埃及菊科植物的细胞毒和抗菌作用以及小叶荆亲脂组分的gc-ms代谢谱分析
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.21608/bfsa.2023.300757
Youstina A. Malak, Khaled M. Mohamed, Ahmed M. A. Abd El-Mawla, Ahmed M. Zaher
{"title":"CYTOTOXIC AND ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECTS OF SELECTED EGYPTIAN ASTERACEAE SPECIES AS WELL AS GC-MS METABOLITE PROFILING OF SENECIO CRUENTUS LIPOPHILIC FRACTION","authors":"Youstina A. Malak, Khaled M. Mohamed, Ahmed M. A. Abd El-Mawla, Ahmed M. Zaher","doi":"10.21608/bfsa.2023.300757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.300757","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":345040,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123856431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
THE PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF MANGIFERA RUFOCOSTATA KOSTERM AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY 芒果的植物化学特征及其抗氧化活性
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.21608/bfsa.2023.300768
S. Sutomo, A. Arnida, M. Rizki, Deni Setiawan, Anindita Nawinda, Monica Fajariawati
{"title":"THE PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILE OF MANGIFERA RUFOCOSTATA KOSTERM AND ITS ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY","authors":"S. Sutomo, A. Arnida, M. Rizki, Deni Setiawan, Anindita Nawinda, Monica Fajariawati","doi":"10.21608/bfsa.2023.300768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.300768","url":null,"abstract":"The tandui plant (Mangifera rufocostata Kosterm.) is one of the typical plants of South Kalimantan which belongs to the genus Mangifera. It has the potential as medicine. The local people use boiled water from bark of M. rufocostata to treat diabetes and minor stoke. This study aims to identify compounds and determine the antioxidant activity of leaves and bark ethanol extract M. rufocostata qualitatively and quantitatively. The results of the identification show that ethanol extract of M. rufocostata contains tannins, phenols, flavonoids and saponins. The result of the qualitative antioxidant activity test shows that the ethanol extract of M. rufocostata has an antioksidan activity. The result of quantitative antioxidant acivity test reveals that the leave and bark have IC50 value of 7,614 ppm and 8,254 ppm. Based on this research, it can be concluded that ethanol extract of M. rufocostata from Hulu Sungai Tengah District contains various secondary metabolites such as tannins, phenols, flavonoids, and saponins and have a very strong antioxidant activity.","PeriodicalId":345040,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133301812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
RAG1: the cornerstone gene involved in various immune diseases and cancers. RAG1:各种免疫疾病和癌症的基础基因。
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut Pub Date : 2023-05-22 DOI: 10.21608/bfsa.2023.202885.1700
Mariam H Fawzy, M. Nazmy, M. Fathy
{"title":"RAG1: the cornerstone gene involved in various immune diseases and cancers.","authors":"Mariam H Fawzy, M. Nazmy, M. Fathy","doi":"10.21608/bfsa.2023.202885.1700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/bfsa.2023.202885.1700","url":null,"abstract":"RAG1 is an abbreviation for recombination activating gene-1 which is the cornerstone in the process of V(D)J recombination. The process enables our immune system to produce an unlimited number of antibodies and T-cell receptors to fight almost any infection. RAG1 mutations are greatly involved in the development of primary immunodeficiencies (PID) including the early-onset severe combined immunodeficiency and Omenn Syndrome. Additionally, RAG mutations are found in delayed-onset cases of combined immunodeficiency with autoimmunity and/or granulomas. The early-onset category occurs due to severe immunodeficiency and the delayed-onset one occurs due to immune dysregulation. Furthermore, RAG1 abnormalities are found in several hematological neoplasms such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)","PeriodicalId":345040,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123825017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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