Journal of Alloys and Compounds最新文献

{"title":"Formation of nanoporous Ta structure on Ti-Ta alloy based on a novel surface dealloying process","authors":"Lunemin Wu, Qihang Xv, Sheng Cao, Jian Zhou, Deqiang You, Xiaojian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179945","url":null,"abstract":"Nanoporous metals are considered as functional materials of great research significance that can be widely used in energy storage, sensing, catalysis and so on. However, the research on nanoporous refractory metal structures is limited, commonly used liquid metal dealloying (LMD) often requires the reaction temperature to reach the melting point of the solvent metal that used as the dissolution medium and the reaction time is normally very short, resulting in a low controllability of the structure size. In the present study, we have developed a novel surface dealloying (SD) process to prepare nanoporous Ta structures directly generated on the surface of Ti-Ta alloys. Porous Ta structures with average ligament sizes of 226-733 nm were obtained by tuning the annealing process parameters. Compared with the conventional metal dealloying process, the SD process could produce a nanoporous surface layer with fine structure and more tunable size characteristic. In addition, we explored the effect of annealing temperature on the dealloying mechanism and found that the dealloying was likely underwent transient liquid phase (TLP) dealloying process during the annealing at 900°C.","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphdiyne supported rare earth tungstate forms 2D/2D heterojunction and promotes photocatalytic hydrogen production through synergistic interaction","authors":"Mingxia Zheng, Jing Xu, Xinjie Ning, Yan Shang, Qian Li, Zhiliang Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179825","url":null,"abstract":"The high carrier recombination rate of photocatalysts remains a critical challenge for solar-driven hydrogen production. To address this issue, we propose a dual strategy combining morphology regulation and heterojunction construction. Here, 2D material graphdiyne (GDY) was combined with 2D La<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>(WO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf>)<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf> (LW) nanosheets to form a GDY/ LW heterostructure, achieving a remarkable photocatalytic H<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> evolution rate under visible light. Through SEM and BET characterization, it is evident that the hierarchical architecture provides an enlarged specific surface area with abundant active sites. The charge transfer mechanism was systematically elucidated through integrated experimental and theoretical approaches: UV–vis DRS and Mott-Schottky analyses established a type-I band alignment between LW and GDY. In-situ XPS and work function analyses unequivocally demonstrated the formation of an interfacial electric field, which drives the migration of photogenerated electrons from LW to GDY. This directional charge separation effectively suppressed carrier recombination, as evidenced by significantly reduced recombination rates in PL and TRPL spectra. The synergistic effects of morphology optimization and heterojunction engineering provide a novel paradigm for reactivating wide-bandgap semiconductors and advancing carbon-based photocatalytic systems.","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effect of high-energy ball milling and Nb doping on the multiferroicity of BaTiO3","authors":"L.G. Betancourt-Cantera, F. Sánchez-De Jesús, A.M Bolarín-Miró, A. Reyes-Montero, C.A. Cortes-Escobedo","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179930","url":null,"abstract":"This study demonstrates that high-energy ball milling induces a transition from diamagnetic to weak ferromagnetism order in BaTiO₃. In addition, combining mechanical milling with niobium doping enhances its dielectric and ferroelectric properties, yielding a room-temperature multiferroic material. To achieve this, niobium-doped BaTiO₃ powders with dopant concentrations of 0.0–0.1<!-- --> <!-- -->wt.% were prepared by high-energy ball milling for 5<!-- --> <!-- -->h. The effect of Nb⁵⁺ incorporation on the crystal structure and electrical properties was analyzed. X-ray diffraction with Rietveld refinements confirmed that all samples retained a tetragonal phase. Electrical analyses revealed that low Nb concentrations (0.025 and 0.050<!-- --> <!-- -->wt.%) improved the ferroelectric and dielectric behavior of the samples, achieving a maximum polarization of 7.6 µC/cm² and a relative permittivity of 1700, outperforming undoped BaTiO₃. Finally, magnetic hysteresis loops confirmed weak ferromagnetism in all samples. This process converted Ti⁴⁺ into Ti³⁺ with unpaired spins, generating a nonzero magnetic moment, as corroborated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis.","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigated into high-temperature oxidation behaviors of the coatings fabricated on Ti6Al4V by laser cladding MoNbTiZr with varying contents of TaC","authors":"Y.S. Li, J. Li, J.X. Mo, J.G. Tang, S.W. Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179944","url":null,"abstract":"In view of poor high-temperature oxidation resistance of Ti6Al4V, the composite coatings were designed and prepared on its surface by cladding the refractory alloy system of MoNbTiZr with varying TaC contents. The effects of TaC content (0<!-- --> <!-- -->wt.%, 5<!-- --> <!-- -->wt.%, 10<!-- --> <!-- -->wt.% and 15<!-- --> <!-- -->wt.%) on microstructure and high-temperature oxidation behaviors were investigated in detail. The oxidation mechanism was especially highlighted. The coating without TaC was mainly composed of β(Ti) with a BCC structure accompanied with a small quantity of αʹ(Ti) with an HCP structure. The introduced TaC was completely dissolved and then precipitated in the form of TiC dendrites. The high-temperature oxidation tests were conducted at 800 °C for 50<!-- --> <!-- -->h. The weight gains of the coatings with 5<!-- --> <!-- -->wt.%, 10<!-- --> <!-- -->wt.% and 15<!-- --> <!-- -->wt.% were reduced by approximately 16.78%, 19.79% and 43.32%, respectively when compared with that of the coating without TaC, which proved that the introduction of TaC can effectively improve oxidation resistance of the substrate. Ta₂O₅ was formed prior to the other oxides from the point of thermodynamics, shielding the coating body from serious oxidation. The formation of Ta₂O₅ made the oxidation film more compact due to the generated larger volume expansion than the other oxides, greatly preventing oxygen from intrusion into the coating body. The cross-sectional morphology of the oxidation film also revealed that the volume fraction of the compact oxidation zone rich in Ta, Nb and Zr demonstrated an upward tendency along with the increase in TaC content.","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of Y2O3 concentration on the microstructure and oxidation performance of FeCrAl-ODS alloy manufactured by selective laser melting","authors":"Shenghua Zhang, Fudong Li, Yu Xie, Zhonghua Li, Yu Wang, Shengtong He, Bin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179949","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the influence of Y₂O₃ concentration on the microstructure and oxidation performance of selective laser melted (SLM-ed) FeCrAl-ODS alloys. Three FeCrAl-ODS alloys with varying Y₂O₃ contents were designed, and their microstructures were characterized. Oxidation experiments were conducted at 1000 °C in air. The results indicate that FeCrAl0.7Y exhibited fine grain size and high interior strain due to the nucleation-promoting and grain boundary-pinning effects of Y₂O₃ particles. After 225<!-- --> <!-- -->hours of oxidation, FeCrAl0.1Y demonstrated the lowest oxidation mass gain and excellent oxide scale adhesion. Dense and compact Al₂O₃ scales formed on the surfaces of SLM-ed FeCrAl alloys with Y₂O₃ additions. Y enrichment at the Al₂O₃ oxide grain boundaries inhibited outward cation diffusion, shifting the Al₂O₃ scale growth mechanism from a bidirectional mechanism driven by metallic element diffusion and inward oxygen diffusion to a columnar grain growth mechanism dominated by inward oxygen diffusion. This change impeded the growth rate of oxide scale. However, excessive Y accelerated oxide film development. The presence of Y improved the adhesion of the oxide film on the SLM-ed FeCrAl-ODS alloys.","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tetragonal structure and uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in the arc-melted (Ce,Zr)2(Fe,M)17 (M = Mo, W, Co) alloys","authors":"Akila Raja, Olena Palasyuk, Deborah Schlagel, Thomas Lograsso, Andriy Palasyuk","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179888","url":null,"abstract":"The tetragonal ThMn<ce:inf loc=\"post\">12</ce:inf>-type structure is stabilized in (Ce<ce:inf loc=\"post\">1-<ce:italic>x</ce:italic></ce:inf>Zr<ce:inf loc=\"post\"><ce:italic>x</ce:italic></ce:inf>)<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>T<ce:inf loc=\"post\">16</ce:inf>M (x = 0.2 – 0.3; T = Fe or Fe/Co, M = Mo or W) arc-melted alloys. Approximately 5 at% of Mo or W admixture is sufficient to transform the hexagonal Th<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>Ni<ce:inf loc=\"post\">17</ce:inf>-type structure of (Ce<ce:inf loc=\"post\">1-<ce:italic>x</ce:italic></ce:inf>Zr<ce:inf loc=\"post\"><ce:italic>x</ce:italic></ce:inf>)<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>Fe<ce:inf loc=\"post\">17</ce:inf> into the tetragonal ThMn<ce:inf loc=\"post\">12</ce:inf>-type structure of nearly single-phase (Ce<ce:inf loc=\"post\">1-<ce:italic>x</ce:italic></ce:inf>Zr<ce:inf loc=\"post\"><ce:italic>x</ce:italic></ce:inf>)<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>Fe<ce:inf loc=\"post\">16</ce:inf>M and/or (Ce<ce:inf loc=\"post\">1-<ce:italic>x</ce:italic></ce:inf>Zr<ce:inf loc=\"post\"><ce:italic>x</ce:italic></ce:inf>)<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>Fe<ce:inf loc=\"post\">15</ce:inf>CoM bulk alloys. X-ray Rietveld refinements reveal that Zr and Mo (W) substitute different sites in the tetragonal crystal structure. Zirconium preferentially replaces Ce, whereas Mo (W) substitutes Fe. At room temperature, the tetragonal phases exhibit strong ferromagnetism and a uniaxial magneto-crystalline anisotropy with anisotropy fields of 15 – 17 kOe. These materials possess room-temperature saturation magnetizations of 95 – 105 emu/g and Curie temperature of 420 – 505 K. At some concentrations, concurrent Zr and Mo (W) site occupancy facilitates 1:12 structure formation in bulk alloys with minimal presence of non-magnetic element in the Fe sublattice, thus securing the highest known magnetic moment per Fe atom (∼ 1.37 µ<ce:inf loc=\"post\">B</ce:inf>) in this type of materials. The intrinsic magnetic characteristics, as well as the absence of critical rare earths (RE), make these compounds interesting for development as low-cost permanent magnets. Small Co additions improve the Curie temperature, especially if combined with W.","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine–Tuning Interfacial Band Edge Energetics at Sb2S3/TiO2 Heterojunction via Phase Control and Defect Engineering for Enhanced Solar Water Splitting Performance","authors":"Ying-Chu Chen, Yen-Wei Huang, Yu-Kuei Hsu","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179841","url":null,"abstract":"Upon pairing with wide band gap semiconductors, the high–lying conduction band minimum (CBM) of antimony sulfide (Sb₂S₃) results in a large conduction band offset (CBO = ~0.7<!-- --> <!-- -->eV) to reduce the energy gap between its valence band maximum (VBM) and CBM of its counterpart, leading to the back flow of the photoexcited electrons to severely limit its photocurrent density. To address this issue, a phase control over the semiconductor, which is exemplified herein by rutile–structured titanium dioxide (<em>r</em>–TiO₂), is put forward, resulting in not only reduced CBO to 0.5<!-- --> <!-- -->eV but also enhanced energy difference between its CBM and VBM of Sb₂S₃ to successfully suppress the interfacial charge recombination. This carrier loss is further quenched after introducing oxygen vacancies (O_v) into <em>r</em>–TiO₂, which serve as the active sites to allow Sb₂S₃ strongly bound to <em>r</em>–TiO₂ to facilitate the electron transfer. Their synergistic effect renders the photoexcited charge carriers of Sb₂S₃/O_v–<em>r</em>–TiO₂ contributing mostly to its photocurrent density, which thereby turns on at an early potential of 0.2 V_RHE and rapidly increases to 1.9<!-- --> <!-- -->mA<!-- --> <!-- -->cm^-2 (at 1.23 V_RHE), leading to its half–cell solar–to–hydrogen (HC–STH) efficiency achieving 0.408% that is among the highest performance reported for the Sb₂S₃–based photoelectrode in the literature.","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermodynamics-assisted Solution Growth of AlN Single Crystals with Fe-Cr Based Fluxes","authors":"Sen Li, Masayoshi Adachi, Makoto Ohtsuka, Hiroyuki Fukuyama","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179933","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Fe-Cr based fluxes were investigated for the solution growth of AlN single crystals due to the high nitrogen solubility. Thermodynamic calculations demonstrated that the addition of Cr contributed to achieving a higher nitrogen content in Fe-Cr flux, which was expected to improve the AlN growth rate. However, it was found that the growth rate of AlN and the Cr content in the flux were not simply positively correlated. To explain this phenomenon, a mechanism based on the effective nitrogen content in flux was proposed. By further utilizing this mechanism, the Fe-26 mass% Cr (Fe-26Cr) alloy was designed as a flux and the optimal growth temperature was estimated, and then experimentally validated. Using Fe-26Cr flux, the growth rate of AlN reached 48 μm/h at 1675<!-- --> ^oC. The full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the X-ray rocking curves (XRCs) for the (0002) and (10-12) reflections in grown AlN single crystals were 72 and 90<!-- --> <!-- -->arcsec, respectively. Furthermore, the introduction of 2 mass% Al into flux (Fe-26Cr-2Al flux) resulted in a reduction of the O impurity concentrations in the grown AlN crystals by approximately 70% compared to the AlN synthesized without additional Al.","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PVDF-based Composite Solid Polymer Electrolyte Incorporated with Cubic-ZrO2-x for Long-cycle Lithium Metal Batteries","authors":"Yulong Liu, Huanyan Xu, Zhen Chen, Bo Li, Qian Liu, Serguei V Savilov, Minghua Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179925","url":null,"abstract":"Solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) have great potential as high-energy-density, high-power, and safe energy storage devices. Solid polymer electrolytes based on polyvinylidene fluoride-poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-(PVDF-HFP)) have attracted significant attention due to their high ionic conductivity at room temperature, good flexibility, and unique ion transport properties, making them promising candidates for commercial applications. However, PVDF-based composite solid polymer electrolytes (CSPEs) exhibit poor lithium-ion transport properties and are prone to chemical reactions with the lithium metal surface, posing the risk of forming lithium dendrites. This degradation results in reduced battery performance and cycle life. This work investigates the effects of Co-doped cubic-ZrO_2-x (C-ZrO_2-x), a filler with abundant oxygen vacancies, on the electrochemical properties of PVDF-based CSPE. Zirconium in zirconia can provide Lewis acid sites, while oxygen vacancies can adsorb TFSI⁻ and exhibit a pronounced ability to dissociate lithium salt and accumulate anchored anions. These effects are further amplified after phase transition, from unstable monoclinic phase with a small amount of oxygen vacancies to cubic phase with abundant oxygen vacancies, leading to a higher proportion of free Li⁺ in PVDF-based CSPE. Additionally, the uniform distribution of solid electrolyte interphase with a single LiF component, indicates that C-ZrO_2-x increases the interface stability between electrolyte and lithium metal. The corresponding Li||Li symmetrical cells show a stable cycle lifetime of 730<!-- --> <!-- -->h at 0.1<!-- --> <!-- -->mA<!-- --> <!-- -->cm⁻². The specific discharge capacity of Li|CSPE|LiFePO₄ reaches 106.09 mAh g⁻¹ at 1<!-- --> <!-- -->C. Even after 550 cycles, the capacity retention rate is still 92.13%. These findings ideally contribute to an effective way to achieve high performance and long cycle life of solid-state lithium metal batteries.","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing MA2CuBr4 Ammonia Sensors by Overcoming Cu2+ Reduction with MA2SnBr6 Encapsulation","authors":"Abinash Tiwari, Mir Arjumand, Sameer Vinay, Aswani Yella","doi":"10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179942","url":null,"abstract":"Ammonia (NH₃), a vital molecule with extensive applications in environmental management, industry, health, and agriculture, necessitates efficient detection methods due to its potential toxicity and the limitations of human olfactory responses. Herein, we present a novel, non-toxic ammonia sensor based on MA₂SnBr₆-encapsulated MA₂CuBr₄ with varying Sn:Cu ratios, designed for both colorimetric and electrical detection. The sensor demonstrates high sensitivity, selectivity, and stability for NH₃ at room temperature, addressing challenges faced by traditional metal-oxide and lead-based perovskite sensors. The ammonia sensing mechanism is attributed to the disintegration of copper bromide salts, leading to a visible color change from purple to greenish-yellow and measurable resistance changes. The Sn-rich encapsulation improves the stability, reduces methylamine loss, and mitigates Cu²⁺ reduction, enabling 52 cycles of 50 ppm NH₃ exposure with consistent performance. The sensor achieves a sensitivity of 3.09%, with a detection limit as low as 5 ppm colorimetrically and 1–10 ppm electrically. Advanced characterization techniques, including XRD, UV-Visible spectroscopy, XPS, and SEM, elucidate the structural and morphological transformations under ammonia exposure. This study highlights the potential of MA₂SnBr₆-encapsulated MA₂CuBr₄ perovskites for real-time, reliable, and environmentally friendly NH₃ sensing, surpassing conventional technologies.","PeriodicalId":344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Alloys and Compounds","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}